CN105811040B - A kind of lithium battery, which crushes, disassembles recovery method - Google Patents
A kind of lithium battery, which crushes, disassembles recovery method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105811040B CN105811040B CN201610322411.1A CN201610322411A CN105811040B CN 105811040 B CN105811040 B CN 105811040B CN 201610322411 A CN201610322411 A CN 201610322411A CN 105811040 B CN105811040 B CN 105811040B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
It is crushed the present invention relates to a kind of lithium battery and disassembles recovery method, the equipment such as machine, magnetic separator, horizontal winnowing machine, ability of swimming rubbing machine, the first whirlpool extension set, the second whirlpool extension set are broken by ability of swimming air draught, waste lithium cell is sub-elected into such as plastics, diaphragm, stainless steel, aluminum plastic film, aluminium, plastics, copper foil, aluminium foil, graphite material, separating purity can reach between 94% 99%.Various pernicious gases in production process in lithium battery carry out qualified discharge by spray column, activated carbon tower processing, water is all recycled needed for production process, without outer draining source, and water carries out water process in cyclic process by precipitation, filtering and addition chemical agent.The present invention without being pre-processed to waste battery, can be directly entered it is broken, disassemble, recycle；The processing quality and treatment effeciency of waste battery can be significantly increased, and the pollutant emission in processing procedure can be efficiently controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste batteries to disassemble recovery technology field, and in particular to a kind of lithium battery, which crushes, disassembles recycling side
Method.
Background technology
As country widelys popularize electric vehicle, future will have a large amount of batteries to face the problem of scrapping, according to China
Automotive engineering research center, it is expected that the rate of recovery of China's waste battery less than 2%, largely discarded battery causes resource energy
The waste and environmental pollution in source, in waste and old lithium ion battery containing a large amount of available resources, such as the valuable metals such as aluminium, copper with
And graphite, carbon based material etc.；If these waste lithium cells are mishandling, it will cause the very big wasting of resources and environment dirty
Dye.
However the recycling of lithium battery is at the early-stage in the prior art, and existing separation method usually has larger limitation
Property, it is impossible to disposably the recycling resource of waste battery is effectively separated, and larger powder can be generated in separation process
Dirt and nuisance, not only influence the processing quality and treatment effeciency of old and useless battery, but also serious destruction can be caused to environment, because
This, needs those skilled in the art to make improvement to this.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and then a kind of lithium battery of offer is crushed and is torn open
Solve recovery method, the present invention without being pre-processed to waste battery, can be directly entered it is broken, disassemble, recycle；It can be significantly
The processing quality and treatment effeciency of waste battery are improved, and the pollutant emission in processing procedure can be efficiently controlled.
Technical scheme of the present invention：
A kind of lithium battery, which crushes, disassembles recovery method, includes the following steps：
Electrification or uncharged lithium battery are integrally put into ability of swimming air draught and broken in machine by the first step；
Second step, the ability of swimming air draught breaks machine and carries out break process to lithium battery, by aqueous medium in shattering process
Lithium battery carries out safeguard protection, and the mixture for obtaining positive electrode and graphite in lithium battery is may filter that after settlement of sewage；Gather materials
Blowing stopper breaks machine with the ability of swimming air draught and connect, and the plastic film in lithium battery can be obtained by the Blowing stopper that gathers materials；
Third walks, and broken lithium battery is delivered to magnetic separator, and the iron obtained in lithium battery is separated by magnetic separator；
Broken material is delivered to horizontal winnowing machine by the 4th step, horizontal winnowing machine sub-elect light matter matter with it is heavier
Substance, horizontal winnowing machine are connect respectively with the first whirlpool extension set and ability of swimming rubbing machine, after being handled compared with heavy substance by the first whirlpool extension set
Plastic housing, stainless steel and aluminium can be obtained, ability of swimming rubbing machine is connect successively with screening machine, the second whirlpool extension set, and light matter matter passes through ability of swimming
Rubbing machine, screening machine, which separates, obtains aluminum-plastic packaged object, is separated after the second whirlpool extension set processing and obtains plastics sundries, aluminium
Foil, copper foil, sewage return to sedimentation basin by dehydration device, are precipitated to obtain the mixture of positive electrode and graphite.
Further, the magnetic separator and the ability of swimming air draught are provided with dehydration feeder between breaking machine, further include at least
One feed cistern, the feed cistern respectively break the ability of swimming air draught machine, dehydration feeder, ability of swimming rubbing machine and supply water.
Further, the Blowing stopper that gathers materials is connect successively with air-introduced machine, spray column, activated carbon tower.
Further, elevator, S-shaped vibration winnowing are disposed between the magnetic separator and the horizontal winnowing machine
Machine, feeder, the S-shaped vibration winnowing machine are connect with the Blowing stopper that gathers materials.
Further, after the settlement of sewage of machine discharge is broken in ability of swimming air draught described in the second step, it is also necessary to pass sequentially through
Filtering, dehydration obtain the mixture of the positive electrode and graphite.
Further, second whirlpool extension set is connect with the dense media separator, and the dense media separator can be by described in
Aluminium foil is detached with the copper foil.
The present invention has the advantages that relative to the prior art：Lithium battery disclosed by the invention, which crushes, disassembles recycling side
Method specifically includes following four steps, and electrification or uncharged lithium battery are integrally put into ability of swimming air draught and break machine by the first step, are led to
Break process can integrally be carried out to discarded lithium battery by crossing ability of swimming air draught and breaking machine, and processing etc. is disassembled in advance without being carried out to lithium battery
Program can effectively improve treatment effeciency, and be crushed using ability of swimming, can be by water to lithium battery object plump in shattering process
Material carries out safeguard protection, the generation of dust pollution object during can preventing；Second step, after the settlement of sewage after above-mentioned steps fusion
It is separable to obtain positive electrode and graphite mixture in lithium battery, and the Blowing stopper that will gather materials breaks machine with ability of swimming air draught and connect, it can profit
With gathering materials, Blowing stopper detaches the plastic film in lithium battery；Third walks, and by magnetic separator, the iron material matter in lithium battery is divided
From；Broken material is delivered to horizontal winnowing machine by the 4th step, and horizontal winnowing machine sub-elects light matter matter and compared with heavy substance.
Horizontal winnowing machine is connect respectively with the first whirlpool extension set and ability of swimming rubbing machine, compared with heavy substance by that can be obtained after the first whirlpool extension set processing
Plastic housing, stainless steel and aluminium, ability of swimming rubbing machine are connect successively with screening machine, the second whirlpool extension set, and light matter matter passes through ability of swimming rubbing machine,
Screening machine, which separates, obtains aluminum-plastic packaged object, is separated after the second whirlpool extension set processing and obtains plastics sundries, aluminium foil, copper foil,
Sewage returns to sedimentation basin by dehydration device, is precipitated to obtain the mixture of positive electrode and graphite.
So set, can be separated and recovered the valuable resource in waste battery by the separation process of above-mentioned pipeline system,
The processing quality and treatment effeciency of waste battery can be significantly increased, and the row of the pollutant in processing procedure can be efficiently controlled
It puts.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
It obtains significantly or is recognized by the practice of invention.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to attached drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, lithium battery disclosed in the present embodiment, which crushes, disassembles recovery method, includes the following steps：
Electrification or uncharged lithium battery are integrally put into ability of swimming air draught and broken in machine, machine is broken by ability of swimming air draught by the first step
Break process can integrally be carried out to discarded lithium battery, the programs such as processing be disassembled in advance without being carried out to lithium battery, relative to existing
There is technology to need pretreatment that discarded lithium battery is discharged and dismantled, treatment effeciency can be effectively improved, and using ability of swimming
It is broken, broken lithium battery material can be merged by water, the generation of dust pollution object during can preventing；
Second step, ability of swimming air draught break machine and carry out break process to lithium battery, by aqueous medium to the lithium electricity in shattering process
Pond carries out safeguard protection, after settlement of sewage, it is preferable that obtains hypostasis, and can be obtained after being dehydrated to hypostasis by filtering
Obtain the positive electrode and graphite sundries in lithium battery；The Blowing stopper that gathers materials breaks machine with ability of swimming air draught and connect, and by gathering materials, Blowing stopper can
Obtain the plastic film in lithium battery；Preferably, the Blowing stopper that gathers materials also needs to connect with air-introduced machine, spray column, activated carbon tower successively, leads to
Spray column, spray column can be discharged by the particulate contaminants such as the dust sucked in the Blowing stopper that gathers materials and toxic gas by crossing air-introduced machine
The particulate contaminants such as dust can be dusted with processing, subsequent activated carbon tower can effectively inhale toxic gas etc.
It is attached, so set, can prevent that discarded lithium battery from disassembling the dust generated in processing procedure and toxic gas drains into air, can keep away
Exempt from environmental pollution；
Third walks, and through above-mentioned second step, treated that lithium battery particle is delivered to magnetic separator, it is preferable that in magnetic separator and water
Formula air draught is additionally provided with dehydration feeder between breaking machine, by be dehydrated feeder can facilitate ability of swimming air draught is broken machine treated it is broken
Material further dehydration and feeding processing, contributes to postorder magnetic separation, can be detached the iron in particle by magnetic separator；
4th step, through above-mentioned magnetic separator, treated that lithium battery particle is delivered to horizontal winnowing machine, it is preferable that in magnetic separator
Elevator, S-shaped vibration winnowing machine, feeder, wherein S-shaped vibration winnowing machine and collection are also disposed between horizontal winnowing machine
Blowing stopper connection is expected, so set, the powder that can be generated by S-shaped vibration winnowing machine by residual in lithium battery particle and after vibrating
Dirt and toxic gas are through the postorder air-introduced machine of the Blowing stopper that gathers materials, spray column, activated carbon tower is dusted and adsorption treatment, can be into one
Prevent dust and toxic gas from polluting the environment to step；Horizontal winnowing machine connects respectively with the first whirlpool extension set and ability of swimming rubbing machine
It connects, plastics, stainless steel, the aluminium in battery particle can be detached by the first whirlpool extension set, it is preferable that pass through selection by winnowing or sensing point
Select machine that can detach plastics and stainless steel；Ability of swimming rubbing machine is connect successively with screening machine, the second whirlpool extension set, and screening machine can incite somebody to action
Aluminum-plastic packaged object is detached, and the second whirlpool extension set can detach copper foil, aluminium foil, it is preferable that can be incited somebody to action by dense media separator
Aluminium foil is detached with copper foil, it is achieved thereby that the separation and recovery of valuable metal and host material.
Preferably, further include at least one feed cistern, by feed cistern ability of swimming air draught can be broken machine, dehydration feeder,
Ability of swimming rubbing machine supplies water, while sewage can be returned to feed cistern after precipitation filters, and realization recycles.
Present invention Integral-crushing under without pretreatment discharge scenario to waste battery, then one by one, step is from selecting
Respective material.The flow breaks machine, magnetic separator, horizontal winnowing machine, ability of swimming rubbing machine, the first whirlpool extension set, second by ability of swimming air draught
The equipment such as whirlpool extension set sub-elect waste lithium cell such as plastics, diaphragm, stainless steel, aluminum plastic film, aluminium, plastics, copper foil, aluminium foil, stone
The materials such as ink, separating purity can reach between 94%-99%.Various pernicious gases in production process in lithium battery are by spray
Tower, activated carbon tower processing carry out qualified discharge, and water needed for production process is all recycled, without outer draining source, and
And water carries out water process in cyclic process by precipitation, filtering and addition chemical agent.The present invention can disassemble all kinds of lithium electricity
Pond is not influenced by shape and battery structure, have many advantages, such as to disassemble it is efficient, it is at low cost.
The present invention without being pre-processed to waste battery, can be directly entered it is broken, disassemble, recycle；It can significantly carry
The processing quality and treatment effeciency of high waste battery, and the pollutant emission in processing procedure can be efficiently controlled.
Above example is only to the exemplary description of this patent does not limit its scope of protection, people in the art
Member can also be changed its part, as long as it does not exceed the essence of this patent, within the protection scope of the present patent.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of lithium battery, which crushes, disassembles recovery method, which is characterized in that includes the following steps：
Electrification or uncharged lithium battery are integrally put into ability of swimming air draught and broken in machine by the first step；
Second step, the ability of swimming air draught break machine and carry out break process to lithium battery, by aqueous medium to the lithium electricity in shattering process
Pond carries out safeguard protection, and the mixture for obtaining positive electrode and graphite is may filter that after settlement of sewage；Gather materials Blowing stopper and the water
Machine connection is broken in formula air draught, and the plastic film in lithium battery can be obtained by the Blowing stopper that gathers materials；
Third walks, and broken lithium battery is delivered to magnetic separator, and the iron obtained in lithium battery is separated by magnetic separator；
Broken material is delivered to horizontal winnowing machine by the 4th step, horizontal winnowing machine sub-elect light matter matter with compared with heavy substance,
Horizontal winnowing machine is connect respectively with the first whirlpool extension set and ability of swimming rubbing machine, compared with heavy substance by that can be obtained after the first whirlpool extension set processing
Plastic housing, stainless steel and aluminium, ability of swimming rubbing machine are connect successively with screening machine, the second whirlpool extension set, and light matter matter passes through ability of swimming rubbing machine,
Screening machine, which separates, obtains aluminum-plastic packaged object, is separated after the second whirlpool extension set processing and obtains plastics sundries, aluminium foil, copper foil,
Sewage returns to sedimentation basin by dehydration device, is precipitated to obtain the mixture of positive electrode and graphite；
The Blowing stopper that gathers materials is connect successively with air-introduced machine, spray column, activated carbon tower；In the magnetic separator and the horizontal selection by winnowing
Elevator, S-shaped vibration winnowing machine, feeder, the S-shaped vibration winnowing machine and the Blowing stopper that gathers materials are disposed between machine
Connection.
2. a kind of lithium battery according to claim 1, which crushes, disassembles recovery method, which is characterized in that the magnetic separator and institute
It states between machine is broken in ability of swimming air draught and is provided with dehydration feeder, the ability of swimming air draught is broken machine, dehydration feeder and ability of swimming rubbing machine and adopted
It is supplied water at least one feed cistern.
3. a kind of lithium battery according to claim 1, which crushes, disassembles recovery method, which is characterized in that institute in the second step
After stating the settlement of sewage that machine discharge is broken in ability of swimming air draught, it is also necessary to pass sequentially through filtering, dehydration obtains positive electrode and graphite
Mixture.
4. a kind of lithium battery according to claim 3, which crushes, disassembles recovery method, which is characterized in that second whirlpool extension set
It is connect with dense media separator, the dense media separator can detach the aluminium foil with the copper foil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610322411.1A CN105811040B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | A kind of lithium battery, which crushes, disassembles recovery method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610322411.1A CN105811040B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | A kind of lithium battery, which crushes, disassembles recovery method |
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| CN105811040A CN105811040A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| CN105811040B true CN105811040B (en) | 2018-06-22 |
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| CN106410310A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-02-15 | 王坚 | Power battery disassembling device |
| CN108281725A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-13 | 上海奇谋能源技术开发有限公司 | A method of dismantling waste lithium ion |
| CN107601494A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-01-19 | 河南易成新能源股份有限公司 | A kind of graphite cathode material purification process |
| CN107890937A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-04-10 | 广州市滨塑料机械设备有限公司 | Processing equipment and its handling process are torn up in a kind of waste lithium cell recovery |
| CN108110356B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2024-02-06 | 天齐锂业股份有限公司 | Full-automatic waste lithium ion battery recycling process and system |
| CN108428959B (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2020-01-21 | 安徽南都华铂新材料科技有限公司 | Safety processing method of charged lithium ion battery |
| CN108258357B (en) * | 2018-03-31 | 2023-10-17 | 巩义市佶信机械有限公司 | Lithium battery treatment system and treatment process |
| CN108421813A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-08-21 | 安徽巡鹰新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of waste lithium cell processing system |
| CN108832214B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-10-11 | 安徽南都华铂新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of separation method of lithium battery electric core positive and negative anodes tab cutting waste material |
| CN108941162A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-12-07 | 河南巨峰环保科技有限公司 | A kind of lithium battery anaerobic cracking recycling sorting process |
| CN108832217B (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-27 | 河北零点新能源科技有限公司 | Waste reporting lithium ion power lithium battery charged crushing combined device |
| CN109225556B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2021-01-26 | 江苏华宏科技股份有限公司 | Waste lithium battery grading crushing equipment and process |
| CN109473747A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-03-15 | 天能电池集团有限公司 | A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery dismantling recovery method |
| CN109772557A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-05-21 | 贵州中伟资源循环产业发展有限公司 | A kind of lithium battery recycling complete set of equipments |
| CN109834107B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-06-11 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Charged waste power battery crushing and sorting device and method |
| CN111430832B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-06-29 | 中南大学 | Full resource recovery method for waste ternary lithium ion battery without discharge pretreatment |
| CN112103590A (en) * | 2020-10-04 | 2020-12-18 | 湖南金源新材料股份有限公司 | Tearing method for charged water of waste lithium battery |
| CN112635867B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-12-30 | 广东省科学院资源综合利用研究所 | Method for recycling waste lithium battery graphite material |
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