CN105806789A - Optical fiber white light interferometry difference spectrometer - Google Patents
Optical fiber white light interferometry difference spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
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- 235000019892 Stellar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber and specifically relates to an optical fiber white light interferometry difference spectrometer. The optical fiber white light interferometry difference spectrometer comprises a light source 1, an array waveguide optical grating 2, an optical fiber coupler 3, a 2*N optical fiber switch 4, a pair of photoelectric detectors 5 in identical properties, a photovoltaic conversion differential amplifier 6, a data acquisition module 7, a data bus 8, a computer signal processing unit 9, a fiber optic interferometer module 10 used for measurement and a spectrum analyzer 11 used for signal monitoring. The optical fiber white light interferometry difference spectrometer is used for measuring the optical fiber interference transmitting spectrum and realizing the measurement for reflectance spectrum of fiber optic interferometer; measurement for interference difference spectrum can be supplied to the fiber optic interferometers with various structures and the measurement result for the interference difference spectrum can be analyzed; the concerned narrow-band spectrum can be selected for directly giving a difference measurement value and the relationship between the measurement value and the band measurement can be given out.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber, be specifically related to a kind of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy.
Background technology
Optical fiber white light interference technology and method is a kind of measuring method shown unique characteristics in technical field of optical fiber.This know-how in wide spectrum optical interference pattern research, the measurement of absorption spectrum and reflectance spectrum, the detection of content of material, particularly in the aspect such as detection of biological, chemical analysis and various drinks, edible oils, beverage etc., all have a wide range of applications.
Light beam is the interference interference in time domain and spectral domain respectively performance in the interference of time domain and spectral domain.Time domain and spectral domain are referred to as the complementary space (AgarwalGS.Interferenceincomplementaryspaces.Foundationso fPhysics.1995,25 (2): 219-228) of the interference of light.For the white light interference of wide spectrum optical, if two interference light path differences exceed coherence length, in time domain space interference " disappearance ", but, the spectral domain space of its complementation still has interference exist, only follow " spectrum interferes law " (WolfE.Newtheoryofpartialcoherenceinthespace-frequencydom ain.PartI:spectraandcrossspectraofsteady-statesources.JO SA, 1982,72 (3): 343-351；WolfE.Newtheoryofpartialcoherenceinthespace-frequencydom ain.PartII:Steady-stateyieldsandhigher-ordercorrelations .JournalofOpticsSocietyofAmerica.1986, A3:76-85), we appoint and so can be applied.The present invention is namely based on the spectrum of wide spectrum light source and interferes law, for the various fibre optic interferometer such as Michelson's interferometer, Mach-Zehnder interferometer, adopt array waveguide grating (AWG) and 2 × N fiber switch of N number of passage, construct general optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy, within the scope of the spectrum width of selected light source transparency liquid can be measured and to characteristics such as anti-, the absorptions of wavelength.
Interfere for the impact of spectrum, optical fiber double light path interference system to discuss wide spectrum optical, investigate the situation of change of spectrum after two optical interference.Assume that in two single-mode fibers, the light wave of transmission is from same light source, behind different paths, enter bonder, arrive P point, being superposed to of two light waves afterwards
E (s, t)=K1E(s1,t-t1)+K2E(s2,t-t2)(1)
The time domain interference interference mirror in space can be written as
I(s1,s2, τ) and=< E*(s1,t)E(s2,t+τ)>(2)
Wushu (1) substitutes into formula (2),
Consider the quasi-static situation that light wave electric field is constant when being, then have
<E*(s1,t-t1)E(s1,t+τ-t1) >=< E*(s1,t)E(s1,t+τ)>(4)
<E*(s2,t-t2)E(s2,t+τ-t2) >=< E*(s2,t)E(s2,t+τ)>(5)
Then formula (3) can be reduced to
We are same on above formula both sides is multiplied by eiωτ, then to τ from-∞ to ∞ integration, ignore factor K1And K2Dependence to frequency, formula (6) becomes
Section 1 on the right of above formula equation is designated as
|K1|2S(s1,s1,ω)≡S(1)(P,ω)(8)
The physical significance of above formula represents when only existing by fiber path s1Light wave arrive point of observation P (s) it is to be observed that the light spectrum density at frequencies omega place (it is contemplated that fiber path s2Switched off by one).Similarly, formula (8) the right Section 2 is designated as
|K2|2S(s2,s2,ω)≡S(2)(P,ω)(9)
Represent when only existing by fiber path s2Light wave arrive point of observation P (s) it is to be observed that the light spectrum density at frequencies omega place.
Formula (7) can be write as succinct form further
Above formula gives two light waves from same wideband light source when different fiber path is interfered owing to the association spectrum caused of inducting changes.In formula
β12(ω)=arg μ (s1,s2,ω)(11)
Formula (10) is called spectral interference law.It is to be noted that the spectral interference law given by (10) interferes law identical with the space time domain of the quasi-monochromatic light given by (3) in mathematical form, but both physical significances are entirely different.(3) what describe is the mean intensity observed after the two Optical Field Superpositions change in space, (10) then describe two wide range Optical Field Superpositions after due to association induct effect and the distribution of derivative spectomstry there occurs change.The former is belonging to " intensity " and interferes law, and the latter is spectral interference law, and both have complementary relationship.The former shows, during narrowband quasi-monochromatic light superposition, mean intensity occurs substantially to change, and obvious change does not occur spectrum；The latter then represents, during two wide range beam combinations can there is significant change (equine Si Boen in spectrum, Mil's Wolf work, the electromagnetic theory (the 7th edition) of the propagation of optical principle light, interference and diffraction, volume two, poplar young shoot of a reed sweet-smelling grass is translated, Electronic Industry Press, 2006:486-488), and there is not obvious change in intensity.Additionally, the former when two-beam path difference exceedes coherence length without the formation of interference fringes, no matter and the latter optical path difference (s2-s1) how always to have spectrum modulation that (AgarwalGS.Interferenceincomplementaryspaces.FundamentalP hysics.1995,25:219) occurs, the Spectral structure formed after superposition is also generally different from source spectrum.
Thus, based on spectral interference law, it is different from existing spectrophotometer and spectroanalysis instrument technology, present invention employs and there is multichannel AWG and multichannel optical fiber switch as core devices, in conjunction with two-way opto-electronic conversion differential amplification method, constructing the general wide spectrum optical fiber optic interferometric differential spectroscopy being suitable for various interferometer, this technology is of great significance for the feature measurement tool realizing interference contrast open score easily.And measuring method provided by the present invention can realize the measurement of fiber optic interferometric difference spectrum simply and easily, can mate with various fibre optic interferometers, it is applicable not only in experiment office work, and various Workplace can be used in, its uniqueness succinct, convenient is that other optical measuring system is irreplaceable.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy interfering law based on spectrum
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy, by light source 1, array waveguide grating 2, fiber coupler 3, 2 × N fiber switch 4, a pair identical photodetector 5 of performance, opto-electronic conversion differential amplifier 6, data acquisition module 7, data/address bus 8, Computer signal processing unit 9, for the fibre optic interferometer module 10 measured, spectroanalysis instrument 11 for signal monitoring forms, the input port a of wide spectrum light source 1 stellar interferometer 10 is connected, the input port of array waveguide grating AWG2 is connected with the port d of fiber coupler 3, the input c of fiber coupler 3 is then connected with the output port b of fibre optic interferometer 10, the another port e of fiber coupler is used for connecting spectroanalysis instrument 12；The N number of output port of the other end of array waveguide grating 2 and N number of input port of 2 × N fiber switch 4 are connected, and two output ports of 2 × N fiber switch 4 are then connected with PD1 and PD2 of photodetector 5 respectively；The two photodetector is connected respectively to two differential input terminals of amplifier 6, and the signal of telecommunication after differential amplification is directly acquired by data acquisition module 7 and sends into computer 9 through data/address bus 8 carrying out signal processing.
Described wide spectrum light source is the one in LED light source, SLD light source, ASE light source.
Described 2 × N the fiber switch 4 in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy is replaced with 1 × N fiber switch, photodetector 5 also reduces one accordingly simultaneously, by after first carrying out the scanning survey one by one of N number of spectrum channel during difference measurement, then pass through and in a computer neighbour's channel spectrum signal is carried out difference and obtain.
The optical texture of described fibre optic interferometer measurement module 10 is connected with differential spectroscopy with output port b by the input port a of fibre optic interferometer, this optical fiber measurement interferometer be following in any one:
1 one kinds are connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy fiber optic Michelson stellar interferometer, have employed a 3dB fiber coupler, and two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm, and the two optical fiber end is coated with completely reflecting mirror respectively；Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively；
2 one kinds are connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy fiber optic Michelson stellar interferometer, have employed a 3dB fiber coupler, two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm, the optical fiber end measuring arm is connected with an optical fiber collimator, collimator will inject the test substance in district to be measured after beam collimation, being then passed through plane mirror and treat that the optical signal of measurement information reflects by containing, the optical fiber end of reference arm is then coated with completely reflecting mirror；Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively；
3 one kinds are connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy Smith mode of resonance fiber optic Michelson stellar interferometer, have employed a 3dB fiber coupler, two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm, the interaction of light field and test substance is completed by means of evanscent field at measurement zone, or complete the direct interaction with test substance by measurement zone by means of transmission and reflection light field, thus realize measuring；One of the two fiber optic interferometric arm is connected with optical fiber collimator, collimator will inject the test substance in district to be measured after beam collimation, being then passed through plane mirror and treat that the optical signal of measurement information reflects by containing, the end face of another fiber arm is then coated with completely reflecting mirror；Then fixing with one the respectively optical fiber end with end face completely reflecting mirror of two other port of bonder is connected, and the port of the other end and three fiber port circulators is connected；The interference differential spectroscopy of the present invention it is connected to by the port 1 of this optical fiber circulator and port 3；
4 one kinds are connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy optical fiber mach once moral stellar interferometer, have employed two 3dB fiber couplers and are attached, and two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm；Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively；
5 one kinds are connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy optical fiber mach once moral stellar interferometer, have employed two 3dB fiber couplers and are attached, and two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm；Measuring arm is that the space between two optical fiber collimators forms measurement zone, measures and is realized by the test substance direct interaction of collimated light field Yu measurement zone just to placement by a pair optical fiber collimator；Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively；
6 one kinds are connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy F-P type optical fiber measurement interferometer, have employed a fiber F-P interferometer, wherein measurement zone is arranged in F-P interference cavity, is carried out direct interaction realized the measurement of interference contrast spectral by the test substance in chamber of repeatedly travelling to and fro between of F-P optics cavity；The connected mode that fiber F-P interferometer carries out white light interference difference measurement is adopted to have two kinds: one is transmission-type connected mode, directly the input/output terminal of fiber F-P interferometer is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy, the second is reflective connected mode, the port 2 of the input port of fiber F-P interferometer and three fiber port circulators is connected, through too much mouth 1 input light after in F-P cavity, test substance interacts repeatedly, interference light signal is reflected back, through port 2, export from port 3；The input/output terminal of interference measuring instrument is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy respectively；
7 one kinds are connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy annular resonant cavity type optical fiber measurement interferometer, have employed a fiber annular resonant cavity type interferometer structure, wherein measurement zone is positioned in the light path of annular resonance interference cavity, is undertaken interacting realized the measurement of interference contrast spectral by the test substance in suddenly die light field and measurement zone that repeatedly circulates of this optical ring resonator cavity；The input/output terminal of interference measuring instrument is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy respectively；
The Sagnac type optical fiber measurement interferometer that 8 one kinds are connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy, have employed a Sagnac fiber optic loop structure, wherein measurement zone is positioned in the light path of fiber optic loop, interacted with test substance in measurement zone by the light field that suddenly dies of this optical ring light path, it is achieved the measurement of interference contrast spectral；The input/output terminal of interference measuring instrument is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy respectively.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The present invention is for the measurement to fiber optic interferometric printing opacity spectrum, it is also possible to realize the measurement to fibre optic interferometer reflectance spectrum；The measurement of interference contrast spectral can be provided for the fibre optic interferometer of various structures, and the measurement result of interference contrast spectral is analyzed；The narrow-band spectrum paid close attention to can be selected to directly give differential measurement values, and provide this measured value and the relation with measuring.Can be used in the measurement to fiber optic interferometric printing opacity spectrum, it is also possible to realize the measurement to fibre optic interferometer reflectance spectrum；The measurement of interference contrast spectral can be provided for the fibre optic interferometer of various structures, and the measurement result of interference contrast spectral is analyzed；Can be widely used for the detection of biology, chemical analysis and various drinks, edible oils, beverage etc..
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy only realized with single-photodetector and numeral differential technique.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of fiber optic Michelson evanscent field stellar interferometer.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of fiber optic Michelson transmission-type stellar interferometer.
Fig. 5 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of Smith mode of resonance fiber optic Michelson stellar interferometer.
Fig. 6 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of optical fiber mach once moral stellar interferometer.
Fig. 7 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of optical fiber mach once moral stellar interferometer.
Fig. 8 a is the first connected mode measuring principle schematic diagram of F-P type optical fiber measurement interferometer.
Fig. 8 b is the second connected mode measuring principle schematic diagram of F-P type optical fiber measurement interferometer.
Fig. 9 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of annular resonance lumen type optical fiber measurement interferometer.
Figure 10 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of Sagnac type optical fiber measurement interferometer.
Figure 11 is the interference spectrum of output.
A kind of Michelson optical fibre interference instrument and the present invention are be combined with each other of Figure 12 and the embodiment of an optical fiber white light interference difference spectrum test system that constitutes.
A kind of Sagnac optical fibre interference instrument and the present invention are be combined with each other of Figure 13 and second embodiment of an optical fiber white light interference difference spectrum test system of constituting.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
This interference differential spectroscopy is by light source 1；Array waveguide grating 2；Fiber coupler 3；2 × N fiber switch 4；A pair identical photodetector 5 of performance；Opto-electronic conversion differential amplifier 6；Data acquisition module 7；Data/address bus 8；Computer signal processing unit 9；For the fibre optic interferometer module 10 measured；Spectroanalysis instrument 11 part such as grade for signal monitoring forms, as shown in Figure 1.The input port a of wide spectrum light source 1 stellar interferometer 10 is connected, the input port of array waveguide grating (AWG) 2 is connected with the port d of fiber coupler 3, the input c of fiber coupler 3 is then connected with the output port b of fibre optic interferometer 10, and the another port e of fiber coupler is used for connecting spectroanalysis instrument 12；The N number of output port of the other end of array waveguide grating 2 and N number of input port of 2 × N fiber switch 4 are connected, and two output ports of 2 × N fiber switch 4 are then connected with PD1 and PD2 of photodetector 5 respectively.The two photodetector is connected respectively to two differential input terminals of amplifier 6, and the signal of telecommunication after differential amplification is directly acquired by data acquisition module 7 and sends into computer 9 through data/address bus 8 carrying out signal processing.
Contain from the wide range interference signal of optical fiber white light interference measuring instrument and treat measurement information after wide spectrum light source interacts with test substance, by the difference measurement to spectrum, the material information absorbing or reflecting to some special spectral line of light can be obtained such that it is able to for the detection of biological, chemical analysis and various drinks, edible oils, beverage etc..
In the optical fiber white light interference difference spectrograph of the present invention, the major way that light field and test substance carry out interacting has two kinds, and a kind of is carry out, with test substance about, the realization measurement that interacts by the light field that suddenly dies in optic fibre light path.In order to strengthen the effect that the light that suddenly dies interacts with test substance, the side being used for the optical fiber of measurement zone can be ground polishing, forming D-type optical fiber, the light field that thus makes suddenly to die has light energy as much as possible and interacts fully with test substance, improves the measurement sensitivity of system；Another kind is by adopting optical fiber collimator pair, by one section of light path separately, forms a light field and carries out direct interaction district with material, it is achieved light and the interaction of material, reaches the purpose measured.
In order to realize the difference measurement of spectrum, present invention employs and there is multichannel AWG and multichannel optical fiber switch as core devices, in conjunction with two-way opto-electronic conversion differential amplification method, construct the general wide spectrum optical fiber optic interferometric differential spectroscopy being suitable for various interferometer.The wide spectrum light source adopted in this optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy can be the one in LED light source, SLD light source, ASE light source, it is also possible to be any other type of wide spectrum light source.Additionally, the 2 × N fiber switch 4 in this optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy can also be replaced with 1 × N fiber switch, photodetector 5 also reduces one accordingly simultaneously.In this case, by after first carrying out the scanning survey one by one of N number of spectrum channel during difference measurement, then pass through and in a computer neighbour's channel spectrum signal is carried out difference and obtain.
In order to further illustrate the basic functional principle of the optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy that the present invention provides, provide more careful explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy.In figure, this optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy is by light source 1；Array waveguide grating 2；Fiber coupler 3；2 × N fiber switch 4；A pair identical photodetector 5 of performance；Opto-electronic conversion differential amplifier 6；Data acquisition module 7；Data/address bus 8；Computer signal processing unit 9；For the fibre optic interferometer module 10 measured；Spectroanalysis instrument 11 part such as grade for signal monitoring forms.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy only realized with single-photodetector and numeral differential technique.In figure, this optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy is by light source 1；Array waveguide grating 2；Fiber coupler 3；1 × N fiber switch 4；Photodetector 5；Opto-electronic conversion differential amplifier 6；Data acquisition module 7；Data/address bus 8；Computer signal processing unit 9；For the fibre optic interferometer module 10 measured；Spectroanalysis instrument 11 part such as grade for signal monitoring forms.Compared with the scheme shown in Fig. 1,2 × N fiber switch is replaced by 1 × N fiber switch, saves a photoelectric detector simultaneously.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of fiber optic Michelson evanscent field stellar interferometer.Being made up of a 3dB fiber coupler, two fiber arms therein respectively measure arm and reference arm, and the two optical fiber end is coated with completely reflecting mirror respectively.Two other port of bonder is then respectively used to be connected with interfering differential spectroscopy.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of fiber optic Michelson transmission-type stellar interferometer.It is made up of a 3dB fiber coupler, two fiber arms therein respectively measure arm and reference arm, measuring arm is just to placement by a pair optical fiber collimator, space between two optical fiber collimators forms measurement zone, measures and is realized by the test substance direct interaction of collimated light field Yu measurement zone.Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively.
Fig. 5 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of Smith mode of resonance fiber optic Michelson stellar interferometer, it is made up of a 3dB fiber coupler and three fiber port circulators, two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm, both the interaction of light field and test substance can be completed at measurement zone 1 by means of evanscent field, the direct interaction with test substance can also be completed by means of transmission and reflection light field, thus realizing measuring by measurement zone 2.One of the two fiber optic interferometric arm is connected with optical fiber collimator, collimator will inject the test substance in district to be measured after beam collimation, being then passed through plane mirror and treat that the optical signal of measurement information reflects by containing, the end face of another fiber arm is then coated with completely reflecting mirror.Then fixing with one the respectively optical fiber end with end face completely reflecting mirror of two other port of bonder is connected, and the port 2 of the other end and three fiber port circulators is connected.It is connected to the interference differential spectroscopy that the present invention provides by the port 1 of this optical fiber circulator and port 3.
Fig. 6 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of optical fiber mach once moral stellar interferometer, two 3dB fiber couplers be attached constituting, and two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm.Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively.Measurement can be realized with the interaction of surrounding test substance by the optical fiber evanescent field of measurement zone.
Fig. 7 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of optical fiber mach once moral stellar interferometer, is connected to each other is constituted by two 3dB fiber couplers and two optical fiber collimators, and two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm.Measuring arm is that the space between two optical fiber collimators forms measurement zone, measures and is realized by the test substance direct interaction of collimated light field Yu measurement zone just to placement by a pair optical fiber collimator.Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively.
Fig. 8 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of F-P type optical fiber measurement interferometer, it is made up of a fiber F-P interferometer, wherein measurement zone is arranged in F-P interference cavity, carries out direct interaction by the test substance in chamber of repeatedly travelling to and fro between of F-P optics cavity, it is achieved the measurement of interference contrast spectral.The connected mode that fiber F-P interferometer carries out white light interference difference measurement is adopted to have two kinds: one is transmission-type connected mode, directly the input/output terminal of fiber F-P interferometer is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy, as shown in Fig. 8 (a)；The second is reflective connected mode, the port 2 of the input port of fiber F-P interferometer and three fiber port circulators is connected, through too much mouth 1 input light after in F-P cavity, test substance interacts repeatedly, interference light signal is reflected back, through port 2, export from port 3.The input/output terminal of interference measuring instrument is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy respectively, as shown in Fig. 8 (b).
Fig. 9 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of annular resonance lumen type optical fiber measurement interferometer, it it is the interferometer structure being made up of a fiber annular resonant cavity, wherein measurement zone is positioned in the light path of annular resonance interference cavity, in the light field that suddenly died by the repeatedly circulation of this optical ring resonator cavity and measurement zone, test substance interacts, it is achieved the measurement of interference contrast spectral.The input/output terminal of interference measuring instrument is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy respectively.
Figure 10 is the measuring principle schematic diagram of Sagnac type optical fiber measurement interferometer, it it is the Sagnac fiber optic loop structure built by a 3dB fiber coupler, wherein measurement zone is positioned in the light path of fiber optic loop, interacted with test substance in measurement zone by the light field that suddenly dies of this optical ring light path, it is achieved the measurement of interference contrast spectral.The input/output terminal of interference measuring instrument is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy respectively.
Figure 11 is by typical case's wide range (white light) light source, after optical fibre interference instrument, then through fiber coupler 3, spectroanalysis instrument 12 interference spectrum exported.On the optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy given by the present invention, leaving a port e, purpose is through this port and is connected with standard spectrum analyser, for the correction of this differential interferometry spectrum.
Optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy of the present invention can be attached with any fibre optic interferometer for measuring, and implements to measure.Fig. 3～Figure 10 gives various possible interference measuring instrument structure.
The embodiment of the optical fiber white light interference difference spectrum test system that embodiment one: Figure 12 gives a kind of being be combined with each other with the present invention by Michelson optical fibre interference instrument and constitutes.In this embodiment, the input and output side of stellar interferometer is connected with the interface a and interface b of described white light interferometric differential spectroscopy respectively.Article to be measured are placed in the district to be measured of stellar interferometer, light from wide spectrum light source 1 is injected in stellar interferometer through port a, measure arm light field after fiber optic collimator with article generation direct interaction to be measured, spectral absorption or the fluorescence excitation signal of article to be measured is contained in the optical signal that interference back reflection is returned, by being input in interference contrast open score by this signal by interface b, just record the coherent differential spectrum interacted with test substance.Pass through and do not have and the relative analysis of the interference contrast spectral of light source itself in article generation interaction situation to be measured, just can obtain and treat measurement information.
Second embodiment of the optical fiber white light interference difference spectrum test system that embodiment two: Figure 13 gives a kind of being be combined with each other with the present invention by Sagnac optical fibre interference instrument and constitutes.In this embodiment, the input and output side of stellar interferometer is connected with the interface a and interface b of described white light interferometric differential spectroscopy respectively.Article to be measured are placed in the district to be measured of stellar interferometer, light from wide spectrum light source 1 is injected in stellar interferometer through port a, the light field that suddenly dies of measurement zone interacts with article to be measured, the spectral absorption signal of article to be measured is contained in the optical signal that interference back reflection is returned, by being input in interference contrast open score by this signal by interface b, just record the coherent differential spectrum interacted with test substance.Pass through and do not have and the relative analysis of the interference contrast spectral of light source itself in article generation interaction situation to be measured, just can obtain and treat measurement information.
Claims (4)
- null1. an optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy，By light source (1)、Array waveguide grating (2)、Fiber coupler (3)、2 × N fiber switch (4)、The a pair identical photodetector of performance (5)、Opto-electronic conversion differential amplifier (6)、Data acquisition module (7)、Data/address bus (8)、Computer signal processing unit (9)、For the fibre optic interferometer module (10) measured、Spectroanalysis instrument (11) for signal monitoring forms，It is characterized in that: the input port a of wide spectrum light source (1) stellar interferometer (10) is connected，The input port of array waveguide grating AWG (2) is connected with the port d of fiber coupler (3)，The input c of fiber coupler (3) is then connected with the output port b of fibre optic interferometer (10)，The another port e of fiber coupler is used for connecting spectroanalysis instrument (12)；The N number of output port of the other end of array waveguide grating (2) and N number of input port of 2 × N fiber switch (4) are connected, and two output ports of 2 × N fiber switch (4) are then connected with PD1 and PD2 of photodetector (5) respectively；The two photodetector is connected respectively to two differential input terminals of amplifier (6), and the signal of telecommunication after differential amplification is directly acquired by data acquisition module 7 and sends into computer (9) through data/address bus (8) carrying out signal processing.
- 2. a kind of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described wide spectrum light source is the one in LED light source, SLD light source, ASE light source.
- 3. a kind of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the 2 × N fiber switch (4) in described optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy is replaced with 1 × N fiber switch, photodetector (5) also reduces one accordingly simultaneously, by after first carrying out the scanning survey one by one of N number of spectrum channel during difference measurement, then pass through and in a computer neighbour's channel spectrum signal is carried out difference and obtain.
- 4. a kind of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the optical texture of described fibre optic interferometer measurement module (10) is connected with differential spectroscopy with output port b by the input port a of fibre optic interferometer, this optical fiber measurement interferometer be following in any one:1) one is connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy fiber optic Michelson stellar interferometer, have employed a 3dB fiber coupler, and two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm, and the two optical fiber end is coated with completely reflecting mirror respectively；Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively；2) one is connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy fiber optic Michelson stellar interferometer, have employed a 3dB fiber coupler, two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm, the optical fiber end measuring arm is connected with an optical fiber collimator, collimator will inject the test substance in district to be measured after beam collimation, being then passed through plane mirror and treat that the optical signal of measurement information reflects by containing, the optical fiber end of reference arm is then coated with completely reflecting mirror；Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively；3) one is connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy Smith mode of resonance fiber optic Michelson stellar interferometer, have employed a 3dB fiber coupler, two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm, the interaction of light field and test substance is completed by means of evanscent field at measurement zone, or complete the direct interaction with test substance by measurement zone by means of transmission and reflection light field, thus realize measuring；One of the two fiber optic interferometric arm is connected with optical fiber collimator, collimator will inject the test substance in district to be measured after beam collimation, being then passed through plane mirror and treat that the optical signal of measurement information reflects by containing, the end face of another fiber arm is then coated with completely reflecting mirror；Then fixing with one the respectively optical fiber end with end face completely reflecting mirror of two other port of bonder is connected, and the port of the other end and three fiber port circulators is connected；The interference differential spectroscopy of the present invention it is connected to by the port 1 of this optical fiber circulator and port 3；4) one is connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy optical fiber mach once moral stellar interferometer, have employed two 3dB fiber couplers and is attached, and two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm；Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively；5) one is connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy optical fiber mach once moral stellar interferometer, have employed two 3dB fiber couplers and is attached, and two-way therein is respectively as measuring arm and reference arm；Measuring arm is that the space between two optical fiber collimators forms measurement zone, measures and is realized by the test substance direct interaction of collimated light field Yu measurement zone just to placement by a pair optical fiber collimator；Two other port of bonder is then connected with this interference differential spectroscopy respectively；6) one is connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy F-P type optical fiber measurement interferometer, have employed a fiber F-P interferometer, wherein measurement zone is arranged in F-P interference cavity, is carried out direct interaction realized the measurement of interference contrast spectral by the test substance in chamber of repeatedly travelling to and fro between of F-P optics cavity；The connected mode that fiber F-P interferometer carries out white light interference difference measurement is adopted to have two kinds: one is transmission-type connected mode, directly the input/output terminal of fiber F-P interferometer is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy, the second is reflective connected mode, the port 2 of the input port of fiber F-P interferometer and three fiber port circulators is connected, through too much mouth 1 input light after in F-P cavity, test substance interacts repeatedly, interference light signal is reflected back, through port 2, export from port 3；The input/output terminal of interference measuring instrument is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy respectively；7) one is connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy annular resonant cavity type optical fiber measurement interferometer, have employed a fiber annular resonant cavity type interferometer structure, wherein measurement zone is positioned in the light path of annular resonance interference cavity, is undertaken interacting realized the measurement of interference contrast spectral by the test substance in suddenly die light field and measurement zone that repeatedly circulates of this optical ring resonator cavity；The input/output terminal of interference measuring instrument is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy respectively；8) a kind of Sagnac type optical fiber measurement interferometer being connected in optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy, have employed a Sagnac fiber optic loop structure, wherein measurement zone is positioned in the light path of fiber optic loop, interacted with test substance in measurement zone by the light field that suddenly dies of this optical ring light path, it is achieved the measurement of interference contrast spectral；The input/output terminal of interference measuring instrument is attached with interface a and b interfering differential spectroscopy respectively.
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