CN103940452A - Polarization fading restraining device and method for white light interferometry sensor array - Google Patents
Polarization fading restraining device and method for white light interferometry sensor array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a polarization fading restraining device and method for a white light interferometry sensor array. The polarization fading restraining device is composed of a wide-spectrum light source, an optoisolator, an optical fiber coupler, an optical path delay line, an optical fiber sensor array, an optical detector and a signal collecting, processing and displaying unit and further comprises a polarization state continuous rotation mechanism. When optical path matching occurs between the optical path delay line and a certain optical fiber sensor, and the polarization state changes continuously and rapidly within the range from 0 degree to 360 degrees, the amplitude of white light interferometry signal intensity of the sensor goes through the whole changing process from maximum to minimum; the sum of the intensity of any two interference peak values with the polarization state difference of 180 degrees is taken as an output signal of the sensor, polarization fading caused by elements such as the optical fiber sensor, the delay line and transmission optical fibers can be restrained, and the polarization fading restraining device has the advantages that a polarization element is not introduced, the control process is easy and convenient to carry out, and the incidence polarization state does not need to be considered. The polarization fading restraining device and method can be used in the fields of real-time monitoring and measuring of multi-point strain or temperature, and monitoring of a large-size intelligent structure and the like.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of polarization decay restraining device of white light interference sensor array.The present invention also relates to a kind of polarization decay inhibition method of white light interference sensor array.Be specifically related to suppress in white light interferometric technology owing to forming rotation and the extruding of the optical fiber of Optical Fiber Sensing Array, cause the apparatus and method of the impact that the polarization decay that causes produces interference signal of degenerating polarization state.
Background technology
Optical fiber white light interference sensing technology is a kind of sensing measuring method based on white light interference principle, it except have antijamming capability strong, can carry out, the advantage of absolute physical measurement amount, also thering is the advantages such as the electromagnetic field effects of not being subject to.But there is polarization decay problem in the white light interference sensing technology that the low-coherent light of finding the low degree of polarization of employing in application process is interfered equally.Owing to forming the optical fiber of interferometer and sensor array main body, there is birefringent phenomenon, therefore participate in the two-way light of interfering, the impact that wherein the conduction optical fiber on a road is subject to extraneous factor produces deformation and causes that polarization state changes and causes polarization state fade-out to produce, for example form the two-way interference light of the optical fiber front/rear end reflection of sensor, because optical fiber produces rotation and is extruded, cause by sensor fibre Yi road light and produced polarization state degeneration, finally cause the generation of polarization decay phenomenon.White light interferometric is mainly paid close attention to the data of two dimensions of interference peaks: the first produces the position of the aplanatic point of interference peaks; It two is to produce the intensity of interfering at this aplanatic point.The existence of polarization decay phenomenon exactly produces influence of fluctuations to the intensity of interference peaks, and this impact even can make interference peaks be submerged in noise.Therefore polarization decay problem is restriction white light interferometric precision and practical major issue.
In interferometry, suppress at present polarization decay and mainly contain following several method: 1, full polarization road method, the method is by adopting full polarization road to realize anti-polarization decay phenomenon, but its shortcoming is loss, and large polarization is difficult to keep, and is not suitable for remote fiber sensor-based system.2, the depolarized method of passive faraday's rotating mirror (FRM), its implementation is the reflective FRM of 45 ° for respectively weld an anglec of rotation at two arms of Michelson interferometer, make the two beam interferometer polarisation of light states that are reflected back in interferometer two arms with respect to incident light to 90 ° of same direction rotations, kept two-beam to there is identical polarization state at output terminal, thereby realize stable interference, play the effect of anti-polarization decay.The method is the method for current more effective a kind of anti-polarization decay, but its application can increase the complexity of sensor, and can only be for Michelson interferometer.3, the depolarized method of active faraday's rotating mirror, by KazumasaTakada, in 1999, proposed, its method is by the polarizer, interference light Yi road to be risen partially afterwards, through an adjustable FRM, polarisation of light state is adjusted into respectively to 0 ° and 90 °, interference light under this two states is added and processed, obtain the interference signal of anti-polarization decay.The method need to add polarizer in non-guarantor's polarisation road, has increased the complexity of light path.In addition, the inhibition polarization decay method of mentioning in the United States Patent (USP) of on November 5th, 2002 by announcements such as TohruMori and KazumasaTakada " Polarization-independent reflectometry and polarization-independent reflectometer " belongs to the initiatively depolarized method of faraday's rotating mirror, in its polarization decay restraining device, use the polarizer, do not eliminated the polarizer in light path completely.4, polarization diversity Receiving, basic thought is to utilize two or more analyzers that form an angle at receiving end, signal to be detected, and by some angled detection signals, extracts the interference signal without polarization decay.The method anti-polarization decay is effectively, but its device is more complicated.
The open report that also has in recent years some other anti-polarization decay method: on March 18th, 2009 is by the people such as Zhao Ruifeng disclosed " Michelson fiber optic sensor that polarization decay and phase fading are controlled " patent document, its implementation is in sensing light path, to be connected in series two light polarization modulators to realize polarization decay inhibition, in light path, adopt the scheme of two light sources simultaneously, system is introduced the more and relative complex of additional devices, increases cost and drops into.On February 13rd, 2009 is by the people such as Wang Chunhua disclosed " the full Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer of anti-polarization decay and phase noise " patent document, wherein implementation is by bridging cascade optical fiber loop chain, the space path of realizing light component decomposes, interfere testing result be countless identical to phase differential, light intensity is identical, the small statistical average of thinking the result of interference that dry light is right of polarization state stochastic distribution, this scheme is lower to light source power utilization factor, luminous energy loss is larger, brings unnecessary spuious interference peaks can to the demodulation of the Optical Fiber Sensing Array of cascade simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly for suppressing to form rotation and the extruding of the optical fiber of Optical Fiber Sensing Array, cause the polarization decay restraining device of the white light interference sensor array of the influence of fading that the polarization decay that causes produces interference signal of degenerating polarization state.The present invention also aims to provide a kind of polarization decay inhibition method of white light interference sensor array.
The polarization decay restraining device of white light interference sensor array of the present invention comprises wide spectrum light source 1, optoisolator 2, the first fiber coupler 3, the second fiber coupler 8, polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4, optical path delay line 5, sensor array 9, photodetector 11 and computing machine 12, by wide spectrum light source 1 send wide spectrum optical after optoisolator 2 by after the first fiber coupler 3 light splitting, wherein a road first enters the Optical Fiber Sensing Array 9 being comprised of Fibre Optical Sensor 91～95 again after polarization state adjusting gear 4 after lag line 5 and an other road utilize the second fiber coupler 8 to close light, then through each fiber optic sensor end-face, return again through the second fiber coupler 8 light splitting, after closing light, the first fiber coupler 3 received by photodetector 11 again, interference data without polarization decay impact is exported after machine 12 calculating as calculated.
The polarization decay restraining device of white light interference sensor array of the present invention can also comprise:
1, described polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 can be one of following structure:
(1) comprise half-wave plate 13, the first GRIN Lens 14 with tail optical fiber and the second GRIN Lens 15 with tail optical fiber, half-wave plate 13 is placed between the GRIN Lens 15 of the first GRIN Lens 14 with tail optical fiber and second with tail optical fiber, the first GRIN Lens 14 with tail optical fiber and the second GRIN Lens 15 with tail optical fiber are staggered relatively and on same axis, utilize gearing to drive wave plate 13 to carry out high-speed and continuous rotation, incident light is from the first GRIN Lens 14 outgoing with tail optical fiber, inject the second GRIN Lens 15 with tail optical fiber after the wave plate 13 of high-speed and continuous rotation after, come back to optical fiber, realization is to the continuous rotation of 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state and adjustment at a high speed.
(2) by by the first optical fiber pressurizing unit 16, the second optical fiber pressurizing unit 17, the 3rd optical fiber pressurizing unit 18 pushes respectively with fiber axis to radially-arranged 3 points of optical fiber that are 0 °, 45 ° and 0 °, realize the continuous rotation of 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state and adjust at a high speed.
2, sensor array 9 is the Fizeau type sensor arraies that composed in series by the first Fibre Optical Sensor to the five Fibre Optical Sensors 91,92,93,94,95.
The inhibition method of the polarization decay restraining device based on white light interference sensor array of the present invention is:
By wide spectrum light source 1, send wide spectrum optical, through the Mach-Zehnder type demodulated interferential instrument 10 being formed by the first fiber coupler 3, the second fiber coupler 8, polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 and optical path delay line 5, then enter sensor array 9, by each sensor reflection end face in sensor array, reflect into into photodetector, by computing machine 12, carried out the data acquisition of interference signal and carried out after data are calculated exporting, polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 is realized the continuous rotation of 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state and is adjusted at a high speed.
Described polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 realizations refer to the continuous rotation of 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state and high speed adjustment: control polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 continuous, High Rotation Speeds, polarization state anglec of rotation θ experience is constantly changed from 360 ° of 0≤θ <, and it is any that photodetector 11 obtains transmission light polarization state
time interference signal
amplitude from being up to minimum, present periodic variation, get arbitrarily 2 points that the anglec of rotation differs 180 °, have
as the output signal of sensor, its amplitude and incident polarization state
irrelevant.
Connection optical fiber in the present invention is all single mode ordinary optic fibre.In demodulated interferential instrument, relating to fiber coupler is balanced type 3dB fiber coupler.
Computing method in the present invention are based on following theory:
It is I=A[1+cos (θ+φ that interference signal amplitude and the polarization state anglec of rotation are directly closed
0)], in formula: when A is polarization decay generation, interference signal amplitude, θ is the polarization state anglec of rotation, φ
0be the initial polarization state angle angles of two beam interferometer light.Utilize polarization state continuous rotating mechanism Shi Yi road interference light polarization state that 0～360 ° of Periodic Rotating occurs, now interference signal presents periodic variation, and when 0≤θ <, 2 π, 2 points are got at interval, and phase place phase difference of pi, has
Abbreviation can obtain:
Therefore known:
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) due to polarization state continuous rotating mechanism, can be serially connected in any arm of demodulated interferential instrument, so the present invention can be used for the sensing light path of the interferometer such as the arbitrary form such as Michelson, Mach-Zehnder.Not be used in and in light path, be connected in series any polarizer and can realize anti-polarization decay, improved the utilization factor of light source; Needn't carry out special processing to Fibre Optical Sensor, not increase the complexity of Fibre Optical Sensor, and not affect the cascade expansion of sensor, therefore do not affect the application of accurate distribution measuring simultaneously.
(2) advantage of computing method of the present invention is not need to be concerned about that polarization state variation causes the unsteady extreme point of interference signal (maximum point), do not need to be concerned about the absolute polarisation state angle of transmission light, only need, by two groups of interference signals under the polarization state of polarization state continuous rotating mechanism acquisition phase place phase difference of pi, therefore simplify the process of evaluating and judging.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the anti-polarization decay apparatus and method of white light interference sensor array are implemented light path;
Fig. 2 realizes polarization state continuous rotating mechanism schematic diagram by rotating wave plate;
Fig. 3 realizes polarization state continuous rotating mechanism schematic diagram by extruding optical fiber;
Fig. 4 is anti-polarization decay computing method process flow diagrams.
Fig. 5 adjusts incident light polarization state gained interference peaks Strength Changes curve by rotating wave plate
Fig. 6 is the interference peaks Strength Changes curve after calculating by equivalent anti-polarization decay.
Embodiment
For polarization decay restraining device and the method for white light interference sensor array of the present invention are clearly described, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is elaborated:
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the anti-polarization decay device of white light interference sensor array is comprised of wide spectrum light source 1, optoisolator 2,3dB fiber coupler 3,8, polarization state adjusting gear 4, fibre delay line 5, fibre optic sensor arra 9, photoelectric commutator 11.By wide spectrum light source 1 send wide spectrum optical after optoisolator 2 by after 3 light splitting of 3dB fiber coupler, wherein a road is first entering the Optical Fiber Sensing Array 9 being comprised of Fibre Optical Sensor 91～95 after polarization state adjusting gear 4 after lag line 5 and an other road utilize 3dB fiber coupler 8 to close light, then through each sensor end face, return and again pass through 8 light splitting of 3dB fiber coupler, after 3dB fiber coupler 3 closes light, by photodetector 11, received, without the interference data of polarization decay impact, after machine 12 calculating, exporting as calculated.
Polarization state continuous rotating mechanism as shown in Figure 2, consists of half-wave plate, realizes the rotation to 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state; Half-wave plate 13 is placed between the GRIN Lens 14 and 15 with tail optical fiber, GRIN Lens 14 and 15 is staggered relatively and on same axis, utilize gearing to drive wave plate 13 to carry out high-speed and continuous rotation, incident light is from GRIN Lens 14 outgoing, inject GRIN Lens 15 after the wave plate 13 of high-speed and continuous rotation after, come back to optical fiber, the wave plate that incident light now has been rotated by high-speed and continuous has carried out the Periodic Rotating of 0～360 °.
Polarization decay suppresses computing method as shown in Figure 4, control polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 continuous, High Rotation Speeds, polarization state anglec of rotation θ experience is constantly changed from 360 ° of 0≤θ <, and it is any that photodetector (11) obtains transmission light polarization state
time interference signal
amplitude from being up to minimum, present periodic variation, get arbitrarily 2 points that the anglec of rotation differs 180 °, have
as the output signal of sensor, its amplitude substantially with incident polarization state
irrelevant.
Figure 5 shows that the rotate a circle interference peak change curve of a sensor of gained of wave plate, because effect of polarization fluctuation range is 0.08V, therefore polarization state differs 180 ° and at this, can be equivalent to wave plate and turn over 45 ° and these data are carried out to phase adduction divided by 2 with former data after X-axis translation 45 degree, the data obtained as shown in Figure 6, fluctuation range is reduced to 0.03V, therefore can find out and utilize this contrive equipment and method can reduce and eliminate the impact of polarization decay on interference peaks.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, the anti-polarization decay device of white light interference sensor array is comprised of wide spectrum light source 1, optoisolator 2,3dB fiber coupler 3,8, polarization state adjusting gear 4, fibre delay line 5, fibre optic sensor arra 9, photoelectric commutator 11.Wherein polarization state adjusting gear 4 as shown in Figure 3, consists of the optical fiber being extruded, and realizes the rotation to 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state, by optical fiber pressurizing unit 16, 17, 18 push with fiber axis to being 0 ° respectively, radially-arranged 3 0～360 ° of rotations carrying out polarization state of optical fiber of 45 ° and 0 °, optical fiber 19 is placed in to support 20 bottoms, successively by fiber pressuring plate 21, PZT22, PZT pressing plate 23 overlays on optical fiber 19, utilize lock screw 24 that whole device is locked, by the voltage signal to the continuous alternation of electrode 25 input, drive PZT22, the flexible extruding of PZT22 optical fiber, by to optical fiber pressurizing unit 16, 17, 18 coordinate to control the Periodic Rotating realizing 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state.
Polarization decay suppresses computing method as shown in Figure 4, controlling 4 pairs of optical fiber of polarization state continuous rotating mechanism pushes, transmission light polarization state anglec of rotation θ experience is constantly changed from 360 ° of 0 °≤θ <, and it is any that photodetector 11 obtains transmission light polarization state
time interference signal
amplitude from being up to minimum, present periodic variation, get arbitrarily 2 points that the anglec of rotation differs 180 °, have
as the output signal of sensor, its amplitude substantially with incident polarization state
irrelevant.
Claims (6)
1. the polarization decay restraining device of a white light interference sensor array, comprise wide spectrum light source (1), optoisolator (2), the first fiber coupler (3), the second fiber coupler (8), polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4), optical path delay line (5), sensor array (9), photodetector (11) and computing machine (12), it is characterized in that: by wide spectrum light source (1) send wide spectrum optical after optoisolator (2) by after the first fiber coupler (3) light splitting, wherein a road first enters the Optical Fiber Sensing Array (9) being comprised of Fibre Optical Sensor (91～95) again after polarization state adjusting gear (4) after lag line (5) and an other road utilize the second fiber coupler (8) to close light, then through each fiber optic sensor end-face, return again through the second fiber coupler (8) light splitting, after closing light, the first fiber coupler (3) received by photodetector (11) again, interference data without polarization decay impact is exported after machine (12) calculating as calculated.
2. the polarization decay restraining device of white light interference sensor array according to claim 1, the structure that it is characterized in that described polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) is: comprise half-wave plate (13), the first GRIN Lens with tail optical fiber (14) and the second GRIN Lens with tail optical fiber (15), half-wave plate (13) is placed between the first GRIN Lens with tail optical fiber (14) and the second GRIN Lens with tail optical fiber (15), the first GRIN Lens with tail optical fiber (14) and the second GRIN Lens with tail optical fiber (15) are staggered relatively and on same axis, utilize gearing to drive wave plate (13) to carry out high-speed and continuous rotation, incident light is from the first GRIN Lens with tail optical fiber (14) outgoing, inject the second GRIN Lens with tail optical fiber (15) after the wave plate (13) of high-speed and continuous rotation after, come back to optical fiber, realization is to the continuous rotation of 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state and adjustment at a high speed.
3. the polarization decay restraining device of white light interference sensor array according to claim 1, the structure that it is characterized in that described polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) is: by pushing respectively by the first optical fiber pressurizing unit (16), the second optical fiber pressurizing unit (17), the 3rd optical fiber pressurizing unit (18) with fiber axis to radially-arranged 3 points of optical fiber that are 0 °, 45 ° and 0 °, realize the continuous rotation of 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state and adjust at a high speed.
4. according to the polarization decay restraining device of the white light interference sensor array described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that the structure of described polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) is: sensor array (9) is the Fizeau type sensor array being composed in series by the first Fibre Optical Sensor to the five Fibre Optical Sensors (91,92,93,94,95).
5. the inhibition method of the polarization decay restraining device based on white light interference sensor array described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: by wide spectrum light source (1), send wide spectrum optical, process is by the first fiber coupler (3), the second fiber coupler (8), the Mach-Zehnder type demodulated interferential instrument that polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) and optical path delay line (5) form, then enter sensor array (9), by each sensor reflection end face in sensor array, reflect into into photodetector, by computing machine (12), carry out the data acquisition of interference signal and carry out after data are calculated exporting, polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) is realized the continuous rotation of 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state and is adjusted at a high speed.
6. the inhibition method of the polarization decay restraining device based on white light interference sensor array according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) realization refers to the continuous rotation of 0～360 ° of incident light polarization state and high speed adjustment: control polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) is continuous, High Rotation Speed, polarization state anglec of rotation θ experience is constantly changed from 360 ° of 0≤θ <, and it is any that photodetector (11) obtains transmission light polarization state
time interference signal
amplitude from being up to minimum, present periodic variation, get arbitrarily 2 points that the anglec of rotation differs 180 °, have
as the output signal of sensor, its amplitude and incident polarization state
irrelevant.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104698541A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Generating device for radial polarized light |
| CN105806789A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optical fiber white light interferometry difference spectrometer |
| CN106323478A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-01-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | Phase generation and carrier modulation and demodulation system of optical fiber interferometric sensor with polarization fading resistance |
| CN107576341A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-01-12 | 武汉隽龙科技股份有限公司 | The apparatus and method that polarization decay is eliminated in OFDR |
| CN108663157A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-10-16 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Michelson white light interference optical fibers hydrostatic sensor and measuring system |
| CN109708743A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-03 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of interference formula fibre optic hydrophone detection system |
| CN110501819A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-26 | 桂林聚联科技有限公司 | A kind of single shaft Sagnac interferometer phase bias controller and method |
| CN113503901A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-10-15 | 武汉昊衡科技有限公司 | Device and method for eliminating measurement signal jitter of white light interferometer |
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| CN104698541B (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2017-11-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of radial polarisation light generating device |
| CN104698541A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Generating device for radial polarized light |
| CN105806789B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2018-12-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy |
| CN105806789A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optical fiber white light interferometry difference spectrometer |
| CN106323478A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-01-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇五研究所 | Phase generation and carrier modulation and demodulation system of optical fiber interferometric sensor with polarization fading resistance |
| CN106323478B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2019-01-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | The fiber optic interferometric sensor phase generated carrier modulation demodulation system of anti-polarization decay |
| CN107576341A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-01-12 | 武汉隽龙科技股份有限公司 | The apparatus and method that polarization decay is eliminated in OFDR |
| CN107576341B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2021-06-04 | 武汉昊衡科技有限公司 | Device and method for eliminating polarization fading in OFDR (offset frequency domain digital radiography) |
| CN108663157A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-10-16 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Michelson white light interference optical fibers hydrostatic sensor and measuring system |
| CN109708743A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-03 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of interference formula fibre optic hydrophone detection system |
| CN109708743B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-11-03 | 湖北工业大学 | Interference type optical fiber hydrophone detection system |
| CN110501819A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-26 | 桂林聚联科技有限公司 | A kind of single shaft Sagnac interferometer phase bias controller and method |
| CN113503901A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-10-15 | 武汉昊衡科技有限公司 | Device and method for eliminating measurement signal jitter of white light interferometer |
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