CN103940452B - The polarization decay restraining device of white light interference sensor array and suppressing method - Google Patents
The polarization decay restraining device of white light interference sensor array and suppressing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is to provide polarization decay restraining device and the suppressing method of a kind of white light interference sensor array.It is made up of with display unit wide spectrum light source, optoisolator, fiber coupler, optical path delay line, Optical Fiber Sensing Array, photo-detector, signals collecting, process, also comprise polarization state continuous rotating mechanism, when optical path delay line mates with certain Fibre Optical Sensor generation light path, and polarization state is when 0~360 ° of continuous Rapid Variable Design, the white light interference signal strength signal intensity amplitude of sensor experienced by whole change procedure from being up to minimum;Take random polarization state and differ the intensity sum of two interference peaks of 180 ° as the output signal of sensor, the polarization decay caused by elements such as Fibre Optical Sensor, delay line and Transmission Fibers can be suppressed, have and do not introduce polarizer, control process easy, it is not necessary to consider the advantages such as incoming polarization state.The fields such as the present invention can be used for multiple spot strain or the monitoring in real time of temperature and measures, large-sized intelligence structure monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the polarization decay restraining device of a kind of white light interference sensor array.The present invention also relates to a kind of white light do
Relate to the polarization decay suppressing method of sensor array.It is specifically related to suppress in white light interferometric technology owing to constituting Fibre Optical Sensor battle array
The rotation of optical fiber of row and extruding, cause polarization state to degenerate the polarization decay the caused device on the impact that interference signal produces
With method.
Background technology
Optical fiber white light interference sensing technology is a kind of sensing measuring method based on white light interference theory, and it is except having anti-interference energy
Power is strong, the advantage of absolute physical measurement can be carried out outside, also have not by advantages such as electromagnetic field effects.But send out in application process
The white light interference sensing technology that the low-coherent light now using low degree of polarization carries out interfering equally exists polarization decay problem.Owing to constituting
There is birefringent phenomenon in the optical fiber of interferometer and sensor array main body, therefore participates in the two-way light interfered, the wherein conduction on a road
Optical fiber is affected generation deformation by extraneous factor and causes polarization state change to cause polarization state fade-out to produce, such as, constitute biography
The two-way of the optical fiber front/rear end reflection of sensor interferes light, rotates owing to optical fiber produces and is extruded, causes and pass through sensor fibre
A road light create polarization state degenerate, ultimately result in the generation of polarization decay phenomenon.White light interferometric is primarily upon interference peaks
The data of two dimensions: the first produces the position of the aplanatic point of interference peaks;Its two be this aplanatic point produce interfere strong
Degree.The existence of polarization decay phenomenon exactly produces influence of fluctuations to the intensity of interference peaks, and this impact even can make interference peaks flood
In noise.Therefore polarization decay problem is restriction white light interferometric precision and practical major issue.
Polarization decay is suppressed mainly to have following several method at present in interferometry: 1, full polarization road method, the method is i.e. passed through
Use full polarization road to realize anti-polarization decay phenomenon, but its shortcoming is loss, and big polarization is difficult to keep, and be not suitable for long-range light
Fiber sensor system.2, the depolarized method of passive faraday's rotating mirror (FRM), its implementation is the two-arm at Michelson interferometer
Each one anglec of rotation of welding is the reflective FRM of 45 °, makes the polarization state phase of the two beam interferometer light being reflected back in interferometer two-arm
For incident light to same direction half-twist, it is maintained two-beam, at output, there is identical polarization state, thus realize steady
Fixed interference, plays the effect of anti-polarization decay.The method is the method for current relatively effective a kind of anti-polarization decay, but its
Application can increase the complexity of sensor, and is only used for Michelson's interferometer.3, the actively depolarized method of faraday's rotating mirror, by
KazumasaTakada 1999 propose, its method be by the polarizer, interference Guang mono-tunnel is polarized after adjustable through one
FRM the polarization state of light is adjusted to respectively 0 ° and 90 °, the interference light under both states is added and processes, is i.e. resisted
The interference signal of polarization decay.The method needs to add polarizer in non-guarantor's polarisation road, adds the complexity of light path.Separately
Outward, the United States Patent (USP) announced by TohruMori and KazumasaTakada etc. on November 5th, 2002
That mentions in " Polarization-independent reflectometry and polarization-independent reflectometer " presses down
Polarization decay method processed i.e. belongs to the actively depolarized method of faraday's rotating mirror, employs the polarizer, not in its polarization decay restraining device
There is the polarizer being completely eliminated in light path.4, polarization diversity Receiving, basic thought is to utilize two or more to become one
Signal is detected by the analyzer at clamp angle at receiving terminal, goes out no polarization decline by some angled detection signal extractions
Interference signal.The method anti-polarization decay is effective, but its device is more complicated.
Also has the open report of some other anti-polarization decay method in recent years: on March 18th, 2009 is open by Zhao Ruifeng et al.
" polarization decay and the controlled Michelson fiber optic sensor of phase fading " patent document, its implementation is in sensing light path
Two light polarization modulators of middle concatenation realize polarization decay suppression, use the scheme of double light source in light path simultaneously, and system introduces extra
Device is more and relative complex, increases cost and puts into.On February 13rd, 2009 is by the disclosed " anti-polarization decay of Wang Chunhua et al.
And the full-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer of phase noise " patent document, wherein implementation is by bridging cascade fiber optic loop
Chain, it is achieved the space path of light component decomposes, interfere testing result be countless identical to phase difference, light intensity is identical, polarization state with
The statistical average of the small result of interference thinking dry light pair of machine distribution, the program is relatively low to light source power utilization rate, and luminous energy is lost relatively
Greatly, the demodulation that simultaneously can give the Optical Fiber Sensing Array of cascade brings unnecessary spuious interference peaks.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of rotation and extruding for suppressing to constitute the optical fiber of Optical Fiber Sensing Array, cause partially
The polarization decay of the white light interference sensor array of the influence of fading that interference signal produces is suppressed by the polarization decay that polarization state degeneration is caused
Device.The present invention also aims to provide the polarization decay suppressing method of a kind of white light interference sensor array.
The polarization decay restraining device of the white light interference sensor array of the present invention includes wide spectrum light source 1, optoisolator the 2, first optical fiber
Coupler the 3, second fiber coupler 8, polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4, optical path delay line 5, sensor array 9, photoelectricity
Detector 11 and computer 12, sent wide spectrum optical after optoisolator 2 by the first fiber coupler 3 light splitting by wide spectrum light source 1
After, utilize the second fiber coupler 8 through delay line 5 and an other road again after wherein a road first passes through polarization state adjusting apparatus 4
Enter the Optical Fiber Sensing Array 9 being made up of Fibre Optical Sensor 91~95 after closing light, then return again through each fiber optic sensor end-face
Through the second fiber coupler 8 light splitting, then being received by photodetector 11 after the first fiber coupler 3 closes light, no polarization declines
The interference data that falling affects exports after computer 12 calculates.
The polarization decay restraining device of the white light interference sensor array of the present invention can also include:
1, described polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 can be one of following structure:
(1) GRIN Lens 14 and the GRIN Lens 15 of the second band tail optical fiber, the half-wave of half-wave plate the 13, first band tail optical fiber are included
Sheet 13 is placed between GRIN Lens 14 and the GRIN Lens 15 of the second band tail optical fiber of the first band tail optical fiber, the first band tail optical fiber from
The GRIN Lens 15 of condenser lens 14 and the second band tail optical fiber is staggered relatively and on the same axis, utilizes transmission device to drive
Wave plate 13 carries out high-speed and continuous rotation, and incident light, from GRIN Lens 14 outgoing of the first band tail optical fiber, rotates through high-speed and continuous
Wave plate 13 after inject the GRIN Lens 15 of the second band tail optical fiber after come back in optical fiber, it is achieved to incident light polarization state
0~360 ° rotate continuously and adjustment at a high speed.
(2) squeezed respectively by by first optical fiber pressurizing unit the 16, second optical fiber pressurizing unit the 17, the 3rd optical fiber pressurizing unit 18
Pressure and optical fiber axially radially-arranged 3 points of optical fiber in 0 °, 45 ° and 0 °, it is achieved to incident light polarization state 0~the company of 360 °
Continuous rotation adjusts with high speed.
2, sensor array 9 is to be composed in series to the 5th Fibre Optical Sensor 91,92,93,94,95 by the first Fibre Optical Sensor
Fizeau type sensor array.
The suppressing method of the polarization decay restraining device of white light interference sensor array based on the present invention is:
Wide spectrum optical is sent, through being revolved continuously by first fiber coupler the 3, second fiber coupler 8, polarization state by wide spectrum light source 1
Rotation mechanism 4 and the Mach-Zehnder type demodulated interferential instrument 10 of optical path delay line 5 composition, subsequently into sensor array 9, after
In sensor array, each sensor reflection end face is reflected into photodetector, computer 12 carry out the data of interference signal
Exporting after gathering and carrying out data calculating, polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 realizes the continuous rotation to incident light polarization state 0~360 °
Turn and adjust at a high speed.
Described polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 realizes referring to the rotation continuously of incident light polarization state 0~360 ° with adjusting at a high speed:
Control continuous, the High Rotation Speed of polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4, make polarization state anglec of rotation θ experience continuous from 0≤θ < 360 °
Change, it is any that photodetector 11 obtains transmission polarization stateTime interference signalAmplitude present from being up to minimum
Periodically change, arbitrarily takes the anglec of rotation and differs 2 points of 180 °, haveOutput as sensor is believed
Number, its amplitude and incoming polarization stateUnrelated.
Connection optical fiber in the present invention is all single mode ordinary optic fibre.Relating to fiber coupler in demodulated interferential instrument is balanced type 3dB light
Fine coupler.
Computational methods in the present invention are based on following theoretical:
Interference signal amplitude and the direct relation of the polarization state anglec of rotation are I=A [1+cos (θ+φ0)], in formula: A is polarization
When decline occurs, interference signal amplitude, θ is the polarization state anglec of rotation, φ0It is the initial polarization state angle angles of two beam interferometer light.
Utilizing polarization state continuous rotating mechanism to make a road interfere polarization state that 0~360 ° of Periodic Rotating occurs, now interference signal presents
Periodically change, when 0≤θ < 2 π, interval takes 2 points, phase by pi, then have
Abbreviation can obtain:
It may thus be appreciated that:
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
(1) can be serially connected in any one arm of demodulated interferential instrument due to polarization state continuous rotating mechanism, therefore the present invention can be used for all
Sensing light path such as arbitrary form interferometers such as Michelson, Mach-Zehnder.Any polarization unit need not be concatenated in the optical path
Part can realize anti-polarization decay, improves the utilization rate of light source;Fibre Optical Sensor need not be carried out specially treated simultaneously, not increase
Add the complexity of Fibre Optical Sensor, and the cascade not affecting sensor is expanded, and does not the most affect the application of quasi-distribution measuring.
(2) advantage of computational methods of the present invention is to need not be concerned about that polarization state changes the extreme point (maximum causing interference signal to float
Point), it is not necessary to it is concerned about the absolute polarisation state angle of transmission light, only need to obtain phase by pi by polarization state continuous rotating mechanism
Two groups of interference signals under polarization state, therefore simplify the process evaluated and judge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the anti-polarization decay apparatus and method of white light interference sensor array implement light path;
Fig. 2 is to realize polarization state continuous rotating mechanism schematic diagram by rotating wave plate;
Fig. 3 is to realize polarization state continuous rotating mechanism schematic diagram by extruding optical fiber;
Fig. 4 is anti-polarization decay computational methods flow chart.
Fig. 5 is to adjust incident light polarization state gained interference peaks intensity variation curve by rotating wave plate
Fig. 6 is the interference peaks intensity variation curve after being calculated by equivalence anti-polarization decay.
Detailed description of the invention
For polarization decay restraining device and the method for the white light interference sensor array of the present invention are clearly described, the most right
The present invention elaborates:
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, the anti-polarization decay device of white light interference sensor array is by wide spectrum light source 1, optoisolator 2,3dB optical fiber
Coupler 3,8, polarization state adjusting apparatus 4, fibre delay line 5, fibre optic sensor arra 9, optical-electrical converter 11 form.
By wide spectrum light source 1 send wide spectrum optical after optoisolator 2 by 3dB fiber coupler 3 light splitting after, wherein a road first passes through polarization
3dB fiber coupler 8 is being utilized to enter by Fibre Optical Sensor after closing light through delay line 5 and an other road after state adjusting apparatus 4
The Optical Fiber Sensing Array 9 of 91~95 compositions, then returns through each sensor end face and again passes by 3dB fiber coupler 8 light splitting,
Being received by photodetector 11 after closing light through 3dB fiber coupler 3, the interference data of no polarization influence of fading is through computer
Export after 12 calculating.
Polarization state continuous rotating mechanism is as in figure 2 it is shown, be made up of half-wave plate, it is achieved to incident light polarization state 0~the rotation of 360 °;
Half-wave plate 13 is placed between the GRIN Lens 14 and 15 of band tail optical fiber, GRIN Lens 14 and 15 staggered relatively and with
On one axis, utilizing transmission device to drive wave plate 13 to carry out high-speed and continuous rotation, incident light is from GRIN Lens 14 outgoing, warp
Coming back in optical fiber after injecting GRIN Lens 15 after crossing the wave plate 13 that high-speed and continuous rotates, incident light now is the highest
The wave plate that speed rotates continuously has carried out the Periodic Rotating of 0~360 °.
Polarization decay suppression computational methods as shown in Figure 4, control continuous, the High Rotation Speed of polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4, make partially
Polarization state anglec of rotation θ experience is continually changing from 0≤θ < 360 °, and it is any that photodetector (11) obtains transmission polarization state
Time interference signalAmplitude present periodically change from being up to minimum, arbitrarily take the anglec of rotation and differ 2 points of 180 °,
HaveAs the output signal of sensor, its amplitude substantially with incoming polarization stateUnrelated.
Fig. 5 show wave plate and rotates a circle the interference peak change curve of one sensor of gained, owing to effect of polarization fluctuates
Scope is 0.08V, polarization state differ 180 ° this can be equivalent to wave plate turn over 45 ° therefore by these data X-axis translate 45
Carrying out phase adduction after degree with former data divided by 2, as shown in Figure 6, fluctuation range is reduced to 0.03V to the data obtained, therefore can see
Go out to utilize this invention device and method can reduce and eliminate the polarization decay impact on interference peaks.
Embodiment 2
As it is shown in figure 1, the anti-polarization decay device of white light interference sensor array is by wide spectrum light source 1, optoisolator 2,3dB optical fiber
Coupler 3,8, polarization state adjusting apparatus 4, fibre delay line 5, fibre optic sensor arra 9, optical-electrical converter 11 form.
Wherein polarization state adjusting apparatus 4 is as it is shown on figure 3, be made up of the optical fiber being extruded, it is achieved to incident light polarization state 0~360 °
Rotate;Extruded respectively by optical fiber pressurizing unit 16,17,18 with optical fiber axially optical fiber in 0 °, 45 ° and 0 ° radially point
3 of cloth carry out 0~360 ° of rotation of polarization state, are placed in by optical fiber 19 bottom support 20, successively by fiber pressuring plate 21, PZT22,
PZT pressing plate 23 overlays on optical fiber 19, utilizes lock screw 24 to be locked by whole device, by inputting to electrode 25
The voltage signal of alternation drives PZT22, PZT22 flexible extruding optical fiber continuously, by optical fiber pressurizing unit 16,17,18
Coordinate control realization to incident light polarization state 0~the Periodic Rotating of 360 °.
Polarization decay suppression computational methods as shown in Figure 4, control polarization state continuous rotating mechanism 4 and extrude optical fiber, make biography
Losing polarization state anglec of rotation θ experience to be continually changing from 0 °≤θ < 360 °, photodetector 11 obtains transmission polarization state and is
ArbitrarilyTime interference signalAmplitude present periodically change from being up to minimum, arbitrarily take the anglec of rotation and differ 180 °
2 points, haveAs the output signal of sensor, its amplitude substantially with incoming polarization stateUnrelated.
Claims (1)
1. a suppressing method for polarization decay restraining device based on white light interference sensor array, described white light interference sensor array
Polarization decay restraining device include wide spectrum light source (1), optoisolator (2), the first fiber coupler (3), the second optical fiber coupling
Clutch (8), polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4), optical path delay line (5), sensor array (9), photodetector (11)
With computer (12), wide spectrum light source (1) send wide spectrum optical after optoisolator (2) by the first fiber coupler (3) point
After light, after wherein a road first passes through polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4), utilize second through delay line (5) and an other road again
Fiber coupler (8) enters the Optical Fiber Sensing Array (9) being made up of Fibre Optical Sensor (91~95), then through each light after closing light
Fiber sensor end face returns and again passes by the second fiber coupler (8) light splitting, then after the first fiber coupler (3) closes light by
Photodetector (11) receives, and the interference data of no polarization influence of fading exports after computer (12) calculates, and it is characterized in that:
Wide spectrum optical is sent, through by the first fiber coupler (3), the second fiber coupler (8), polarization state even by wide spectrum light source (1)
The Mach-Zehnder type demodulated interferential instrument that continuous rotating mechanism (4) and optical path delay line (5) form, subsequently into sensor array
Row (9), are reflected into photodetector by each sensor reflection end face in sensor array, computer (12) carry out
The data acquisition of interference signal also exports after carrying out data calculating, and polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) realizes incident light polarization state
0~360 ° rotate continuously and adjustment at a high speed;Described polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) realizes incident light polarization state 0~360 °
Rotate continuously and adjust at a high speed and refer to: control polarization state continuous rotating mechanism (4) continuously, High Rotation Speed, make polarization state rotate
Angle, θ experience is continually changing from 0≤θ < 360 °, and it is any that photodetector (11) obtains transmission polarization stateTime dry
Relate to signalAmplitude present periodically change from being up to minimum, arbitrarily take the anglec of rotation and differ 2 points of 180 °, haveOutput signal, its amplitude and incoming polarization state as sensorUnrelated, A is that polarization decay occurs
Time interference signal amplitude.
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CN104698541B (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2017-11-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of radial polarisation light generating device |
CN105806789B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2018-12-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of optical fiber white light interference differential spectroscopy |
CN106323478B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2019-01-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | The fiber optic interferometric sensor phase generated carrier modulation demodulation system of anti-polarization decay |
CN107576341B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2021-06-04 | 武汉昊衡科技有限公司 | Device and method for eliminating polarization fading in OFDR (offset frequency domain digital radiography) |
CN108663157A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-10-16 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Michelson white light interference optical fibers hydrostatic sensor and measuring system |
CN109708743B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-11-03 | 湖北工业大学 | Interference type optical fiber hydrophone detection system |
CN110501819B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2023-07-21 | 桂林聚联科技有限公司 | Single-axis Sagnac interferometer phase bias control device and method |
CN113503901B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-05-10 | 武汉昊衡科技有限公司 | Device and method for eliminating measurement signal jitter of white light interferometer |
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