CN102279095B - Device for reducing influence of birefringent chromatic dispersion on polarization coupling measurement of polarization maintaining optical fiber - Google Patents
Device for reducing influence of birefringent chromatic dispersion on polarization coupling measurement of polarization maintaining optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for reducing an influence of birefringent chromatic dispersion on polarization coupling measurement of a polarization maintaining optical fiber. The device comprises a broadband light source (1), the polarization maintaining optical fiber to be measured (3), a polarization coupling detection device (4), a first connection optical fiber (53), a second connection optical fiber (54), a three-port optical circulator (2), a semi-reflective and semi-transparent light beam polarization light rotator (6), a light rotator (7), a first rotary connector (51) and a second rotary connector (52), wherein the semi-reflective and semi-transparent light beam polarization light rotator divides broadband light into two uniform light beams which simultaneously pass through the optical fiber to be measured from the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise direction; and by using the same polarization coupling detection device, two pieces of polarization coupling measurement data of which the scanning positions are symmetric with each other are acquired at the same time. The device has extremely important practical value for parameter measurement and performance evaluation of an optic fiber gyroscope sensitive ring and can be widely applied to distributed polarization optical fiber sensing systems.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of optical fiber polarisation coupling measurement device, is specifically related to a kind of birefringence dispersion that reduces and the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled is measured the device of impact.
Background technology
Polarization maintaining optical fibre is a kind of fibre-optic waveguide of specific function, refers to can remain the optical fiber that former polarization state is constant in the process of transmitting in this optical fiber after a polarization mode is energized.In the interference-type optical fiber sensing technology, the use of polarization maintaining optical fibre can overcome external environment to the impact of transmission optical polarization in optical fiber, suppresses the polarization decay phenomenon that interferometry produces.Particularly in some high-precision Fibre Optical Sensors, optical fibre gyro for example, fibre optic hydrophone etc.
The parameter of estimating the polarization maintaining optical fibre performance mainly contains loss, claps the parameters such as length, Mode Coupling coefficient, polarization crosstalk.Yet these parametric descriptions is all the overall performance of the polarization maintaining optical fibre of a segment length, or perhaps average behavior.A certain section or the distribution parameter of These parameters and performance for this section optical fiber can't provide evaluation.And the polarization coupled phenomenon of optical fiber provides a kind of means for the measurement of fiber distribution parameter, and above-mentioned parameter is all relevant to polarization coupled.Particularly in some high-precision fiber optic interferometric sensings and measuring system, polarization coupled is with the variation of external environment (temperature, vibration etc.), cause optical fiber property to descend, can usually show as noise, drift and signal dropout etc., the most important factor that affects the entire system performance, as optical fibre gyro, distribution type fiber-optic nautical receiving set etc.
Measurement for the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled has developed multiple detection principle and scheme, wherein the disclosed optical coherence territory polarimeter (OCDP) based on the white light interference principle of people [Method for the detection of polarization couplings in a birefringent optical system and application of this method to the assembling of the components of an optical system, US Patent 4893931] such as French Herve Lefevre is the most promising a kind of technical scheme.The general employing of OCDP hanged down relevant, wide spectrum light source, as super-radiance light emitting diode (SLD), spontaneous super-radiation light source (ASE) etc., passed through and injected partially afterwards polarization maintaining optical fibre formation inquiry light signal to be measured, align with slow axis or the fast axle of polarization maintaining optical fibre in the polarization direction, the Coupling point that exists in polarization maintaining optical fibre can make inquiry light be coupled to another one feature axis (being fast axle) from light transmission axle (as slow axis).The coupling light intensity is relevant with the action intensity (there is defective in polarization maintaining optical fibre or stands extraneous stress) of Coupling point; Owing to there being refractive index difference between fast and slow axis, during outgoing, the optical path difference that is added up is corresponding one by one with the position of Coupling point from polarization maintaining optical fibre for inquiry light and coupling light.Superpose after inquiry light and coupling light process polarization apparatus and analyzer, be admitted in nonequilibrium Michelson-(Michelson) interferometer.The optical path difference of interferometer two arms can realize continuous light path scanning under the drive of scan arm.When the optical path difference between inquiry light and coupling light is compensated mutually by Micheslon interferometer two arm optical path differences, produce the white light interference peak, this moment scan arm the locus of the corresponding polarization maintaining optical fibre Coupling point of light path scanning position, the intensity of the corresponding Coupling point of its interference signal intensity.The method can realize several centimetres of several kilometers polarization maintaining optical fibres of length, spatial resolutions, stiffness of coupling-80～-polarization coupled of 90dB.
Different from the refractive index of slow axis except fast axle in polarization maintaining optical fibre, its dispersion characteristics are also different, and due to problems such as optic fibre manufacture process, the circularity of fibre core can cause the variation of fast and slow axis dispersion characteristics.When measuring, adopts polarization mode coupling wideband light source, when the polarization maintaining optical fibre that reaches several kilometers is tested, even its accumulated value of small dispersion interaction also can not be ignored.studies show that: (Tianhua Xu, Wencai Jing, Hongxia Zhang, et.al.Influence of birefringence dispersion on a distributed stress sensor using birefringent optical fiber, Optical Fiber Technology, Volume 15, Issue1, January 2009, Pages 83-89, and Feng Tang, Xiang-zhao Wang, Yimo Zhang, Wencai Jing, Influence of birefringence dispersion on distributed measurement of polarization coupling in birefringent fibers, Opt.Eng., Vol.46, 075006 (2007)) birefringence dispersion dialogue optical interference signals has the double influence of envelope broadening and interference peak decline, namely reduced the spatial resolution of polarization mode coupling, also reduced the stiffness of coupling detection sensitivity.And the impact of birefringence dispersion is dynamic, and he and Coupling point are apart from the distance dependent of optical fiber starting point, and along with the increase of distance, Coupling point test space resolution and stiffness of coupling detection sensitivity all descend.With 1000 meters of length, birefringence 6 * 10
-4; the polarization maintaining optical fibre of abbe number 0.01ps/ (km nm) is example; adopt the light source of light source half spectral width 50nm to carry out inquiry; interference fringe is with 27.5 times of broadenings more than amplitude; amplitude drops to original 0.2; namely relevantly be increased to 0.94mm from length 34 μ m from original, the spatial resolution of the polarization coupled of polarization maintaining optical fibre dropped to from 5.6cm seriously reduced by 1.6 meters, had a strong impact on measuring accuracy.Therefore, reduce and reduce the impact of birefringence dispersion, for the important application that detects with polarization maintaining optical fibre coupling as: be extremely important for the parameter detecting of optical fibre gyro sensing ring, distributed-type polarization maintaining optical fiber Application in Sensing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of measuring accuracy that can improve the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled, be used for the parameter testing of optical fibre gyro ring and the birefringence dispersion that reduces of performance evaluation and distributed-type polarization maintaining optical fiber sensor-based system and the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled measured the device of impact.
Comprise that wide spectrum light source 1, polarization maintaining optical fibre to be measured 3, polarization coupled pick-up unit 4, first connect optical fiber 53, second and connect optical fiber 54, also comprise three port photocirculators 2, half-reflection and half-transmission light beam polarization polarization apparatus 6, polarization apparatus 7, the first rotary connector 51 and the second rotary connector 52;
the low cross polarization light that is sent by wide spectrum light source 1 passes through three port photocirculators 2 and the first rotary connector 51, inject a certain polarization retainer shaft (fast axle or slow axis) of polarization maintaining optical fibre 3 to be measured, transmission light and in faint coupling light that Coupling point produces by after the second rotary connector 52, be divided into transmitted light and reflected light two bundles by half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6, transmitted light directly enters polarization coupled pick-up unit 4, reflected light returns along former road exchange the propagation polarization axle of transmission light through polarization apparatus 6 after, again through being input in polarization coupled pick-up unit 4 by the reflection end c3 of three port photocirculators 2 after polarization maintaining optical fibre 3 to be measured.
Transmitted light and reflected light carry respectively Coupling point position and the amplitude information that the testing fiber forward is measured and oppositely measured, complete simultaneously light path scanning by polarization coupled pick-up unit 4, measure about testing fiber mid point symmetrical measurement data, by to the processing of measurement data and comprehensive, reach the purpose that suppresses the birefringence dispersion impact.
Described half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6 is comprised of input optical fibre 60 and output optical fibre 66, input optical fibre collimating apparatus 61 and output optical fibre collimating apparatus 65,45 ° of gyrotropi crystals 62, magnet ring 63, half-reflecting half mirrors 64.
Described half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6 also can be comprised of input optical fibre 60 and output optical fibre 66, input-output optical fiber collimating apparatus 61 and output optical fibre collimating apparatus 65, the half-wave plate 67 of 22.5 ° of placements, half-reflecting half mirror 64.
Described polarization apparatus 7 connects optical circulator reflector port c3 and polarization coupled pick-up unit 4, rotates 45 ° for the transmission polarization axle that will oppositely pass through the folded light beam of testing fiber 3, and sends in polarization coupled pick-up unit 4.
The wavelength working range that described three port circulators 2, half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6, polarization apparatus 7, polarization coupled pick-up unit 4, the first rotary connector 51, the second rotary connector 52, first connect optical fiber 53, the second connection optical fiber 54 can cover the emission spectrum of wide spectrum light source 1.
Described the first rotary connector 51, the second rotary connector 52 can be in 0～360 ° of scope continuous rotation, the polarized light that the first rotary connector 51 will be sent by three port circulators 2 being injected in the transmission main shaft of polarization maintaining optical fibre to be measured through rotation; The second rotary connector 52 is injected into the output beam from polarization maintaining optical fibre 3 to be measured in half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6.
Described polarization coupled pick-up unit 4 forms a Michelson interferometer by optical splitter 44, stationary mirror 45 and mobile mirror 46, the fixed arm of interferometer and the optical path difference between transfer arm can be from zero its continuous sweep to one maximal values, and this numerical value causes maximum optical path difference between transmission light and coupling light greater than testing fiber 3 total lengths.
In described polarization coupled pick-up unit 4, the first photodetector 47, the second photodetector 48 independently receive respectively and come from forward measurement transmitted light and oppositely measure catoptrical white light interference signal.
Described, the feature of wide spectrum light source 1, rotary connector 51,52, connection optical fiber 53,54, polarization coupled pick-up unit 4 is: all be operated in single mode, polarization hold mode.
The present invention is to a kind of technological improvement based on the optical coherence territory polarimeter (OCDP) of white light interference principle.The principle of work of ODCP as shown in Figure 1.The high stable wide range polarized light that is sent by light source 1 is injected into the slow axis (during fast axle, principle is identical) of the polarization maintaining optical fibre 3 of certain-length.When flashlight transmits along slow axis, certain in optical fiber a bit owing to making geometry have defective, the imperfect effect of stress application in advance is perhaps in the effect of ambient temperature and load, when flashlight was transferred to this, a part of luminous energy in slow axis will be coupled in fast axle.(for example: 5 * 10 there is linear birefrigence Δ n in optical fiber
-4), make the refractive index of slow axis greater than fast axle refractive index, when an other end of optical fiber is exported (transmission range is L), transmit in flashlight and the transmission of slow axis and will introduce an optical path difference (Δ nL) in the coupling light of fast axle.Above-mentioned light beam, enters in polarization coupled pick-up unit 4 after the polarization state of light beam is rotated 45 ° by rotary connecting joint 52.In polarization coupled pick-up unit 4, beam splitter 44, stationary mirror 45, mobile mirror 46 form a Michelson optical interdferometer.After input beam is collimated by lens 401, be divided into two bundles by optical splitter 402, a branch of arrival ccd image detector 403 of wherein less energy, evenly be divided into two bundles by optical splitter 44 than a branch of of macro-energy again through after the polarizer 43 in addition, get back to optical splitter 44 after the reflection translation of stationary mirror 45 of a branch of process and become measuring beam 1, also get back to optical splitter 44 after the reflection translation of mobile mirror 46 of a branch of same process in addition, become measuring beam 2.After two light beams focus on through lens 404, converge on detector 405 and be received, light signal is converted to electric signal.The effect of metering computer 49 is to control mobile mirror 46 to realize light path scanning, the signal that gathers photodetector 405 is used for resolving position and the coupled power amplitude of Coupling point, gather simultaneously the image of ccd image detector, be used for judging whether the anglec of rotation of rotary connecting joint 52 is correct.The mobile mirror 46 of Michelson interferometer makes the optical path difference of interferometer two arms carry out continuous light path scanning from zero to L ' (as shown in Figure 1) under the control of computing machine 49.When the optical path difference Δ nL between slow axis transmission light and fast axle coupling light is compensated by Micheslon interferometer two arm optical path difference L ', produce the white light interference peak, this moment scan arm the locus of the corresponding polarization maintaining optical fibre Coupling point of light path scanning position, the intensity of the corresponding Coupling point of its interference signal intensity.
If the position probing resolution L of polarization coupled point in the ideal case,
xDepend primarily on the coherent length L of light source
c, that is:
L
x＝L
c/Δn (1)
But because the abbe number of the fast axle of polarization maintaining optical fibre and slow axis is different, birefringence dispersion has made the envelope broadening of white light interference signal, the amplitude of interference peak is also descended to some extent, reduced the spatial resolution of polarization mode coupling, also reduced the stiffness of coupling detection sensitivity.The coherence length of laser L ' after broadening
cBecome:
In formula, λ is the centre wavelength of light source, and Δ λ is half spectral width of light source, and c is the light velocity in vacuum, and Δ D is the fast axle of polarization maintaining optical fibre and the abbe number between slow axis, and l is that Coupling point is to the distance of light eye point.
As seen, dispersion is relevant with the length of optical fiber on the impact of measuring, and the length of polarization maintaining optical fibre is longer, and dispersion is larger on the impact of optical fiber starting point, and is less on the impact of end terminal point, and this impact almost is directly proportional when fiber lengths is longer.This also points out us: if can reduce equivalently the length of optical fiber, the impact of dispersion can correspondingly reduce.
The method that the present invention suppresses dispersive influence is based on symmetry principle, namely from forward, oppositely each is measured once to the polarization coupled of polarization maintaining optical fibre simultaneously.Be the light path scheme that a kind of feasible two-way simultaneous is measured as Fig. 2, suppose that polarization maintaining optical fibre 3 to be measured is panda optic fibre, length is L, and the slow axis refractive index is n
x, fast axle refractive index is n
y, the refringence (linear birefrigence) between slow axis and fast axle is Δ n=n
x-n
y=5 * 10
-4, the slow axis transmission light represents with solid line, fast axle transmission light is illustrated by the broken lines.When initial, in the initiating terminal of testing fiber 3 is injected into the optical fiber slow axis with polarized light, be coupled at distance initial end x place polarized light, certain component transmission light is coupled in fast axle, at the end of optical fiber 3, the light path of transmission light 303 and coupling light 304 corresponds to respectively:
n
xL (3a)
n
xx+n
y(L-x) (3b)
If at the end of optical fiber with beam emissions, and the polarization axle of transmission light is exchanged, transmission light 303 and the 304 the initial segment outgoing at optical fiber become light beam 305 and 306, light beam 305 is in the process of returning to the optical fiber initial point, can be coupled equally through Coupling point x, part optical return signal is coupled to slow axis again becomes 307, and we neglect the secondary coupling effect at same Coupling point herein.So flashlight 305, coupling light 306,307, corresponding light path is respectively:
(n
x+n
y)L (4a)
n
xx+n
y(L-x)+n
xL
(4b)
n
xL+n
y(L-x)+n
xx
By (4b) formula as can be known, 306 is identical with 307 light path.
Measure for forward, by (3a) and (3b) as can be known, the optical path difference of transmission light and coupling light is:
(n
x-n
y)(L-x) (5)
For reverse measurement, by (4a) and (4b) as can be known, the optical path difference of transmission light and coupling light is:
(n
x-n
y)x (6)
By (5) and (6) formula as can be known, in above-mentioned light path scheme, forward and when oppositely measuring simultaneously, the positional information about polarization coupled point that obtains is about point-symmetric in optical fiber.In order to realize above-mentioned light path scheme, at first need be divided into two bundles from the flashlight of optical fiber 3 outgoing future, wherein a branch ofly returning along former road, is secondly in order to be to allow the inquiry light that returns to polarization maintaining optical fibre 3 again, transmits respectively in the inclined to one side transmission axle of different guarantors from inquiry light in the same way.
When measuring due to forward, the optical fiber of optical fiber starting point place's coupling light and transmission light experience is long, so dispersion has the greatest impact to it; But when reverse inquiry, because the Transmission Fibers of transmission light and coupling light experience is approaching with zero, dispersion is minimum on the impact of measurement; Only have being coupling in forward and coming to the same thing when oppositely measuring of point midway of optical fiber, do not change.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. realize simultaneously the measurement of forward and reverse optical fiber polarization coupled point, greatly suppressed the impact of dispersion on measuring in this section optical fiber before symmetrical mid point, the polarization maintaining optical fibre of measuring is longer, and is more obvious to the dispersion inhibiting effect of starting point optical fiber, and the method is simple, effective.
2. obtain the symmetry characteristic of polarization coupled.Particularly use for the measurements such as parameter detecting of high-precision optical fiber gyro sensing ring (ring is long generally all at several kilometers), the optical fiber polarisation Coupling point has extremely important impact about the symmetry of optical fiber mid point for the sensing ring performance.Owing to can realizing simultaneously just tossing about inquiry, and guarantee strict symmetry, two width that can obtain polarization maintaining optical fibre about in point-symmetric polarization coupled measurement result, dispersive broadening eliminated to Coupling point symmetric impact about middle point symmetry in the locus that can accurately determine Coupling point on whole optical fiber measurement length whether.
3. inquiry method test duration of having reduced system simultaneously, do not need complicated reverse mechanism, simple in structure.
The present invention utilizes half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus that wide spectrum optical is divided into even two bundles, from forward and the reverse testing fiber that passes through, utilizes same polarization coupled pick-up unit simultaneously, obtains simultaneously scanning position two width polarization coupled measurement data symmetrically.By to the processing of measurement data and comprehensive, its net result is reduced to testing fiber half of raw footage equivalently, has greatly strengthened the measuring accuracy of coupling fiber point position and amplitude, has suppressed the impact of birefringence dispersion; Utilize simultaneously the bidirectional measurement data, can judge accurately that Coupling point is about the symmetry of mid point.The present invention is simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, and is reliable and stable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the principle schematic of the optical coherence territory polarization coupled measuring system of white light interference principle.
Light path schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is the forward and reverse inquiry of flashlight.
Fig. 3 is the half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus structural representation that utilizes faraday's rotating mirror and partially reflecting mirror to form.
Fig. 4 is two-way simultaneous inquiry polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled measuring principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus structural representation that utilizes half-wave plate and partially reflecting mirror to form.
Embodiment
The below does more detailed description to the present invention for example.The core content of invention is can half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus, make to the measurement of the polarization coupled of polarization maintaining optical fibre can be from forward, oppositely carry out simultaneously, and claimed apparatus is simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, symmetry is good.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 3, half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6 can utilize the optically-active effect in magnetic field to realize.Half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6 is comprised of input and output polarization maintaining optical fibre 60, input and output polarization maintaining optical fiber collimator 61,45 ° of gyrotropi crystals 62, permanent-magnetic clamp 63, half-reflecting half mirrors 64, and operation wavelength all is chosen as 1550nm.Light beam is by optical fiber 60 inputs, become directional light by collimating apparatus 61, after being placed on the gyrotropi crystal 62 in magnetic field (being produced by magnet ring 63), light polarization is rotated 45 °, be divided into two bundles through half-reflecting half mirror 64 input beams, transmitted light beam enters outgoing optical fiber 66 after being focused on by outgoing collimating apparatus 65; Folded light beam is passed through gyrotropi crystal 62 again, and the polarization state half-twist after being focused on by incident collimating apparatus 61, returns along the road along incident optical 60.
Be the system construction drawing that two-way simultaneous inquiry polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled is measured as Fig. 4.Without loss of generality, need to suppose the polarization coupled characteristic of detection fiber 1550nm transmission wave strong point.Wide spectrum light source is selected high power SLD, the about 5mW of fiber power, and spectrum width is greater than 30nm; The operation wavelength of protecting inclined to one side circulator is 1550nm, and the insertion loss that single passes through is less than 1dB.The low cross polarization light of the 1550nm that is sent by wide spectrum light source 1 is by three port photocirculators 2 and rotary connector 51, be injected into the slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre 3 to be measured, transmission light and in faint coupling light that Coupling point produces by after rotary connector 52, be divided into equably two bundles by half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6, transmitted light directly enters polarization coupled pick-up unit 4; Reflected light returns along former road exchange the propagation polarization axle of transmission light through polarization apparatus 6 after, again through being input in polarization coupled pick-up unit 4 by the reflection end c3 of optical circulator 2 after polarization maintaining optical fibre 3 to be measured.Transmitted light and reflected light carry respectively Coupling point position and the amplitude information that the testing fiber forward is measured and oppositely measured, and both have strict symmetry about the testing fiber mid point.Complete simultaneously light path scanning by polarization coupled detection system 4, measure about testing fiber mid point symmetrical measurement data.By to the processing of measurement data and comprehensive, concrete grammar is that mid point L/2 take the measuring optical fiber length L is as critical point, above-mentioned two width measurement results are divided into respectively front L/2 and rear L/2 two parts, rear L/2 data with the second width (backward) measurement result, after point symmetry upset in L/2, merge with the front L/2 measurement result of the first width, obtain the polarization coupled measurement result of a new width testing fiber L.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 5, half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6 can also utilize the optically-active effect of half-wave plate to realize.Half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6 is comprised of input and output polarization maintaining optical fibre 60, input and output polarization maintaining optical fiber collimator 61, half-wave plate 67, half-reflecting half mirror 64, and operation wavelength all is chosen as 1550nm.Light beam is become directional light by optical fiber 60 input by collimating apparatus 61, be placed on the half-wave plate 67 of 22.5 ° through polarization principal axis after, light polarization is rotated 45 °, be divided into two bundles through half-reflecting half mirror 64 input beams, transmitted light beam enters outgoing optical fiber 66 after being focused on by outgoing collimating apparatus 65; Folded light beam is half-wave plate 67 again, and the polarization state half-twist after being focused on by incident collimating apparatus 61, returns along the road along incident optical 60.
Adopt the half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus 6 that utilizes magneto-optic effect to consist of as shown in Figure 3 in the half-reflection and half-transmission polarization polarization apparatus that utilizes the half-wave plate realization 6 replacement Fig. 4 as shown in Figure 5, can realize equally the purpose of patent of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind reduces birefringence dispersion to the device of polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled measurement impact, comprise that wide spectrum light source (1), polarization maintaining optical fibre to be measured (3), polarization coupled pick-up unit (4), first connect optical fiber (53), second and connect optical fiber (54), it is characterized in that: also comprise three port photocirculators (2), half-reflection and half-transmission light beam polarization polarization apparatus (6), polarization apparatus (7), the first rotary connector (51) and the second rotary connector (52), the low cross polarization light that is sent by wide spectrum light source (1) passes through three port photocirculators (2) and the first rotary connector (51), inject a certain polarization retainer shaft of polarization maintaining optical fibre to be measured (3), transmission light and in faint coupling light that Coupling point produces by after the second rotary connector (52), be divided into transmitted light and reflected light two bundles by half-reflection and half-transmission light beam polarization polarization apparatus (6), transmitted light directly enters polarization coupled pick-up unit (4), reflected light returns along former road exchange the propagation polarization axle of transmission light through half-reflection and half-transmission light beam polarization polarization apparatus (6) after, again passing through the rear reflection end (c3) by three port photocirculators (2) of polarization maintaining optical fibre to be measured (3) is input in polarization coupled pick-up unit (4), transmitted light and reflected light carry respectively Coupling point position and the amplitude information that the testing fiber forward is measured and oppositely measured, complete simultaneously light path scanning by polarization coupled pick-up unit (4), measure about testing fiber mid point symmetrical measurement data, affect by processing and the comprehensive birefringence dispersion that suppresses on measurement data.
2. the birefringence dispersion that reduces according to claim 1 is measured the device of impact on the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled, and it is characterized in that: described half-reflection and half-transmission light beam polarization polarization apparatus (6) is comprised of input optical fibre (60) and output optical fibre (66), input optical fibre collimating apparatus (61) and output optical fibre collimating apparatus (65), 45 ° of gyrotropi crystals (62), magnet ring (63), half-reflecting half mirror (64).
3. the birefringence dispersion that reduces according to claim 1 is measured the device of impact on the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled, and it is characterized in that: described half-reflection and half-transmission light beam polarization polarization apparatus (6) is comprised of input optical fibre (60) and output optical fibre (66), input-output optical fiber collimating apparatus (61) and output optical fibre collimating apparatus (65), the half-wave plate (67) of 22.5 ° of placements, half-reflecting half mirror (64).
4. the according to claim 2 or 3 described birefringence dispersions that reduce are measured the device of impact on the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled, it is characterized in that: described polarization apparatus (7) connects optical circulator reflector port (c3) and polarization coupled pick-up unit (4), transmission polarization axle for the folded light beam that will oppositely pass through testing fiber (3) rotates 45 °, and sends in polarization coupled pick-up unit (4).
5. the birefringence dispersion that reduces according to claim 4 is measured the device of impact on the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled, it is characterized in that: the wavelength working range that described three ports light rings (2), half-reflection and half-transmission light beam polarization polarization apparatus (6), polarization apparatus (7), polarization coupled pick-up unit (4), the first rotary connector (51), the second rotary connector (52), first connect optical fiber (53), the second connection optical fiber (54) can cover the emission spectrum of wide spectrum light source (1).
6. the birefringence dispersion that reduces according to claim 5 is measured the device of impact on the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled, it is characterized in that: described the first rotary connector (51), the second rotary connector (52) continuous rotation in 0-360 ° of scope, the polarized light that the first rotary connector (51) will be sent by three ports light rings (2) being injected in the transmission main shaft of polarization maintaining optical fibre to be measured through rotation; The second rotary connector (52) is injected into the output beam from polarization maintaining optical fibre to be measured (3) in half-reflection and half-transmission light beam polarization polarization apparatus (6).
7. the birefringence dispersion that reduces according to claim 6 is measured the device of impact on the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled, it is characterized in that: described polarization coupled pick-up unit (4) forms a Michelson interferometer by optical splitter (44), stationary mirror (45) and mobile mirror (46), the fixed arm of interferometer and the optical path difference between transfer arm be from zero continuous sweep to one maximal value, and this numerical value causes maximum optical path difference between transmission light and coupling light greater than testing fiber (3) total length.
8. the birefringence dispersion that reduces according to claim 7 is measured the device that affects on the polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization coupled, it is characterized in that: in described polarization coupled pick-up unit (4), the first photodetector (47), the second photodetector (48) independently receive respectively and come from forward measurement transmitted light and the catoptrical white light interference signal of reverse measurement.
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| CN104515736A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-15 | 河南师范大学 | Optical fiber polarimeter |
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