CN105801259A

CN105801259A - Preparation method of liquid fertilizer for preventing and treating banana wilt

Info

Publication number: CN105801259A
Application number: CN201610145640.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈成; 唐世建; 罗培繁; 吴宁; 吴志雄; 潘贤德; 韦萍; 陈海军
Original assignee: Nanjing Harworld Biotechnology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Harworld Biotechnology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-03-15
Filing date: 2016-03-15
Publication date: 2016-07-27

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a liquid fertilizer for preventing and treating banana wilt.The preparation method comprises the following steps that 1, lactic acid bacteria accounting for 0.1%-0.5% of the weight of molasses-alcohol concentrated waste liquid and saccharomycetes accounting for 0.01%-0.05% of the weight of the molasses-alcohol concentrated waste liquid are added into the molasses-alcohol concentrated waste liquid, the materials are mixed to be uniform, and after natural fermentation is performed for 3 months, molasses-alcohol fermentation liquid is obtained; 2, 5-30 parts by weight of cassava extracting liquid, 2-20 parts by weight of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, 0.1-5 parts by weight of medium trace elements and 5-40 parts by weight of the molasses-alcohol fermentation liquid prepared in the step 1 are put into a reactor, water is added to supplement the total parts by weight to 100, then beneficial bacteria are added, the materials are stirred to be uniform to enable the density of the beneficial bacteria to be 0.5-2 hundred million per milliliter, and the liquid fertilizer is obtained.The liquid fertilizer prepared through the method contains allelopathy inhibiting substances of fusarium oxysporum and has the positive effect on prevention and treatment of the banana wilt.

Description

For preventing and treating the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer of banana blight

Technical field

The present invention relates to the manufacture method of a kind of fertilizer.It is more particularly related to one to be used for preventing and treating Fructus Musae withered The preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer of disease of withering.

Background technology

Fructus Musae is the Important Economic crop of South China Tropical subtropical zone, but the generation of banana blight is the tightest Ghost image rings the sound development of this industry.Banana blight is a kind of destructive disease, is International Plant quarantine object, by point spore sickle Dao Jun Cuba specialized form infects and causes.Pathogen in soil the time-to-live for the several years, the general underproduction more than 20%, seriously Field even have no harvest.Banana blight is the vascular bundle diseases of soil transmissibility, and any of several broadleaf plants Seedling and sick soil are primary source of infection in spite of illness.High temperature is many Rain, soil acidity, sandy loam, fertility are low, soil property sticks weight, impeded drainage, subsoil poor permeability and farming and hinders the factors such as root, have It is beneficial to disease occur.Banana blight is allocated and transported by Fructus Musae seedling, soil and the agricultural machinery and implement etc. carried disease germs and is moved and carries out at a distance Propagate；Closely spread by water, the conidium carried disease germs.

At present banana blight not being had specific prevention and controls, mainly start with from the following aspects, one is useization Soil is processed by medicine of learning to farm, and reduces pathogen quantity；Two is to cultivate disease-resistant variety, strengthens water and fertilizer management, improves plant and resists Characteristic of disease；Three is to use probiotics, after using, pathogen is produced antagonism, reaches the purpose of diseases prevention.Fructus Musae is withered by above method Sick preventing and treating has certain effect, but also has great limitation.The use of chemical pesticide can make soil micro-ecosystem balance More unbalance, soil flora kind and quantity are all by minimizing, and the microbial activities causing soil is inadequate, cause soil compaction, support Absorption rate is divided to reduce；Chemical pesticide is also easy to contaminated soil simultaneously, is also hidden danger to food safety.Microbial control is always It is the emphasis of industry research, primarily now there is problems of surely growing in soil and playing a role and do not have always after probiotics uses Solve.After probiotics uses, majority is all suppressed by original inhabitants bacterium, it is impossible to surely grows, adds that present soil with organic matter content is the lowest, Foreign bacteria is more difficult to survival.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of a kind of Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight, pass through the method The Liquid Fertilizer of preparation contains the Water extract material of Fusarium oxysporum, then coordinates probiotics, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer to Fructus Musae Positive role is played in the preventing and treating of droop, and predominantly root uses, and meets modern agriculture facility demand, it is achieved drip irrigation, spray simultaneously Fill.

In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, it is provided that a kind of for preventing and treating banana blight The preparation method of Liquid Fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

Step one, to add weight in molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor be the breast of described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.1-0.5% Acid bacterium and the yeast that weight is described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.01-0.05%, mix homogeneously, natural fermentation 3 months After, obtain molasses alcohol fermentation liquid, standby；

Step 2, the Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution by parts by weight are 5-30 part, the azophoska of 2-20 part, the middle trace unit of 0.1-5 part The described molasses alcohol fermentation liquid prepared in the step one of element and 5-40 part is placed in reactor, adds water and complements to total weight portion After number is 100 parts, adding probiotics, stir, the density making described probiotics is hundred million/mL of 0.5-2, obtains for preventing Control the Liquid Fertilizer of banana blight.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution Preparation method be:

Maninot esculenta crantz. is broken into tapioca syrup, adds water that weight is described tapioca syrup weight 1.5 times and weight is tapioca syrup weight The extractant of 0. 5% is placed in pot for solvent extraction, soaks 6h, intermediate agitation 2 times, take supernatant at 40-50 DEG C, obtains Maninot esculenta crantz. leaching Extract.

Preferably, described in the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer preventing and treating banana blight, described azophoska by Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer composition, wherein, described nitrogenous fertilizer is carbamide, calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride and biphosphate Any one or a few in ammonium；Described phosphate fertilizer is in diammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium superphosphate and double superhosphate Any one or a few；Described potash fertilizer is any one or a few in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and potassium chloride.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described digestion agent is castor Any one or a few in Oleum Sesami polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and ethanol.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described probiotics is breast Acid bacterium, yeast, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, colloid bacillus cereus, bacillus polymyxa, In Trichoderma viride, trichoderma harzianum any one or several；Described middle trace element is magnesium, calcium, zinc, boron, ferrum, copper and molybdenum In any one or several.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described Maninot esculenta crantz. is smashed Become tapioca syrup, before adding water and described digestion agent, also include the step that described tapioca syrup is carried out pretreatment, concrete steps For:

Step A, in described tapioca syrup add weight be the cellulase of described tapioca syrup weight 0. 5%, the pectase of 0. 1% After the xylanase of 0. 3%, stir, add citric acid, after the pH value of regulation tapioca syrup is 5-6, be heated to 45-50 DEG C, after 2-3h is placed in insulation, obtain enzymolysis solution；

Step B, the enzymolysis solution prepared in described step A add sucrose, makes the mass concentration of sucrose in described enzymolysis solution be 0. 5-0.6g/mL, after placing 15-25min, adds water and described digestion agent immediately.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described pot for solvent extraction includes:

Housing, it is the cylindrical of inner hollow, and the top of described housing is opened wide, and the bottom of described housing is provided with deslagging Mouthful；

First dividing plate, it is the cylinder bodily form, and described first dividing plate is arranged in described housing, the bottom of described first dividing plate and institute Stating the fixing connection in bottom of housing, the top of described first dividing plate flushes with the top of described housing, outside described first dividing plate It is provided with heat-insulation layer between the inwall of wall and described housing；

Second partition, it is the cylinder bodily form, and described second partition is arranged in described first dividing plate, the bottom of described second partition Fixing with the bottom of described housing and be connected, the top of described second partition flushes with the top of described housing, described second partition Outer wall separated by a distance with the inwall of described first dividing plate, the inwall of the outer wall of described second partition and described first dividing plate On be all coated with silverskin；

3rd dividing plate, it is the cylinder bodily form, and described 3rd dividing plate is arranged in described second partition, the bottom of described 3rd dividing plate Fixing with the bottom of described housing and be connected, the described top of the 3rd dividing plate flushes with the top of described housing, described 3rd dividing plate Outer wall separated by a distance with the inwall of described second partition, the axis of described 3rd dividing plate and the axis weight of described housing Close；

4th dividing plate, it is the cylinder bodily form, and described 4th dividing plate is arranged in described 3rd dividing plate, the bottom of described 4th dividing plate Fixing with the bottom of described housing and be connected, the described top of the 4th dividing plate flushes with the top of described housing, described 4th dividing plate Outer wall separated by a distance with the inwall of described 3rd dividing plate, the outer wall of described 4th dividing plate and the inwall of described 3rd dividing plate Between be provided with silicone oil, add heat pipe and temperature sensor, described in add heat pipe and be immersed in described silicone oil, described temperature sensor is arranged On the outer wall of described 4th dividing plate, and be immersed in described silicone oil, described temperature sensor and described add heat pipe all with control Device connects, and the axis of described 4th dividing plate and the dead in line of described housing, the head clearance of described 4th dividing plate is provided with many Individual first groove, described slag-drip opening connects with described 4th diaphragm internal；

First capping, it is annular, and the external diameter of described first capping is equal with the external diameter of described housing, described first capping Internal diameter is equal with the internal diameter of described 3rd dividing plate, the center of described first capping and the center superposition at the top of described housing, institute The top stating the first capping and described housing, described first dividing plate, described second partition and described 3rd dividing plate is fixedly connected with, Make to be respectively formed vacuum layer between described first dividing plate Yu described second partition, and described second partition and described 3rd dividing plate；

Second capping, it is circular, and the diameter of described second capping is equal with the internal diameter of described 3rd dividing plate, described second capping Being arranged on the top of described 4th dividing plate, it is relative that the bottom interval of described second capping is provided with multiple and described first groove First is protruding, in the described first described first groove of protruding insertion, with fixing described second capping, the middle part of described second capping Being provided with the first opening of a circle, in described second capping, circumferencial direction along described first opening is provided with one second and opens Mouthful, described first opening and described second open communication；

First filter screen, it is cylindrical, and the diameter of described first filter screen is equal with the internal diameter of described 4th dividing plate, described first Filter screen is arranged in described 4th dividing plate；

Support bar, it vertically arranges, and described support bar is the cylindrical of inner hollow, the external diameter of described support bar with The equal diameters of described first opening, one end of described support bar is fixing with the top of described first filter screen to be connected, described support The other end of bar passes described first opening, the outer wall of described support bar is vertically arranged at intervals with multiple second convex Rising, described second projection is set to the second projection described in when described support bar is through described first opening can be through described second Spacing between opening, and adjacent described second projection of any two is more than or equal to the thickness of described second capping；

Puddler, it is cylindrical, and described puddler is vertically situated at the middle part of described 4th dividing plate, described puddler The bottom of described 4th dividing plate is extended in bottom, and the top of described puddler is through described first filter screen and inserts described support bar In, described puddler is all rotatably coupled with described first filter screen and described support bar, the bottom of described puddler and an electricity Machine connects, and described motor is connected with described controller；

Two first paddles, it is horizontally disposed, and is symmetrical arranged relative to described puddler, described first paddle One end and described puddler fixing be connected, the bottom of described first paddle contacts with the bottom of described housing；

Two second paddles, it vertically arranges, one end of two described second paddles respectively described with two Away from the fixing connection in one end of described puddler on one paddle, described second paddle contacts the inwall of described 4th dividing plate；

Siphon, described siphonal galianconism inserts in described 4th dividing plate, and is positioned at the top of described first filter screen；

Liquid storage tank, is provided with the receiving chamber of described Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution, in the described siphonal described liquid storage tank of long-armed insertion in it.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, under described puddler Portion is provided with screw thread, and on described puddler, the circumferencial direction along described puddler is arranged at intervals with many 3rd paddles, described On 3rd paddle downward-sloping away from one end of described puddler；The top of described 3rd paddle and described second paddle Top flush.

Preferably, described in the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer preventing and treating banana blight, described liquid storage tank upper Being provided with packing layer in portion, the bottom of described packing layer is provided with the second filter screen, in order to packing layer described in support, described packing layer Top separated by a distance with the top of described liquid storage tank, the bottom of described second filter screen and described liquid storage tank is separated by a spacing From, described packing layer is followed successively by PP cotton layer, active carbon layer, Maifanitum layer and tourmaline rock layers from top to bottom, described siphonal The other end is arranged between the top of described liquid storage tank and the top of described packing layer.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described first dividing plate, institute Stating second partition and described 3rd dividing plate is made by safety glass, described housing is made of stainless steel, and described heat-insulation layer is silicon Acid aluminum wool layer.

The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect:

The present invention is added with Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution in Liquid Fertilizer, and it has good allelopathy, and to weeds, multiple pathogen There is inhibition.Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution has good inhibition, either ethanol extract or water to Fusarium oxysporum Extracting solution, all has good inhibition.Owing to the allelopathy of Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution has inhibitory action to multiple-microorganism, Therefore the present invention add in the product molasses alcohol fermentation liquid to reduce its to Fructus Musae itself and the inhibitory action of soil probiotics, But do not affect the inhibition to Fusarium oxysporum.Molasses alcohol fermentation liquid is to be fermented by the molasses concentrating spent liquor of Alcohol Plant After re-use so that it is nutritional labeling increase, remove its toxicity to soil.After adding this composition, can make probiotics in soil Rapid field planting, stops the infringement of pathogen, and the organic matter in molasses alcohol fermentation liquid is little molecule organic carbon, Crop Hurry up, utilization rate is high, thus can promote plant growth, improves crop quality；Simultaneously, moreover it is possible to improvement soil, soil-borne disease is reduced Sickness rate.

The present invention is added with azophoska and middle trace element so that product can be special according to the soil of zones of different Property, supplement required nutrient for crop, improve crop yield and quality, improve the disease-resistant anti-adversity ability of crop.

The present invention with the addition of probiotics in the product, and it also has certain inhibitory action to Fusarium oxysporum, the most useful Bacterium can improve soil, promote plant growth.

The fermented rear molasses alcohol fermentation liquid prepared of molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor in the present invention, inside it, organic matter is Little molecule organic carbon, Crop is fast, and utilization rate is high, can promote plant growth, improves crop quality；Meanwhile, soil can be promoted Middle beneficial microorganism grows, it is also possible to improvement soil, reduces the sickness rate of soil-borne disease.

The present invention first carries out enzymolysis to tapioca syrup, destroys plant cell wall, then with high concentration sucrose, destroys plant cell Film, makes intracellular effective ingredient dissolution, it is thus possible to improve the content of effective ingredient in Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution.

The present invention when extracting the supernatant after extracting out with siphon, and supernatant passes through the first strainer filtering, then by filling out After the bed of material and the second strainer filtering, the solid impurity in supernatant can be removed, prevent from liquid fertilizer exists floating thing or solid Impurity and affect the quality of fertilizer.

The present invention passes through the first paddle, the second paddle, the 3rd paddle in leaching process and has threaded stirring Mix pole pair tapioca syrup to be stirred, the dissolving of effective ingredient can be promoted, thus improve extracting efficiency.

The present invention drives the first paddle and the second paddle to rotate by puddler, can strike off be attached to housing bottom and Impurity on 4th dividing plate inwall, makes pot for solvent extraction be readily cleaned.

The present invention is provided with heat-insulation layer, the outer wall of second partition and first between the outer wall of the first dividing plate and the inwall of housing All it is coated with on the inwall of dividing plate between silverskin, and the first dividing plate and second partition, and second partition and the 3rd dividing plate and is respectively formed very Dead level, can reduce thermal loss, thus reduce heating times, cost-effective.

The present invention is provided with silicone oil, temperature sensor and heating between the outer wall of the 4th dividing plate and the inwall of the 3rd dividing plate Pipe, makes tapioca syrup be in suitable temperature by adding heat energy, improves dissolved efficiency, and temperature sensor and add heat pipe all with control Device processed connects, and can guarantee that the temperature of tapioca syrup has been at a temperature of needed for extraction, and control accuracy is high, easy to operate.

The present invention uses siphon to be evacuated in liquid storage tank by the supernatant after extraction, it is not necessary to any power, can realize Clear liquid transmission between pot for solvent extraction and liquid storage tank, has saved cost.

Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, and part also will be by this Invention research and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of pot for solvent extraction of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the upward view of the second capping of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the 4th dividing plate of the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art's reference Description word can be implemented according to this.

It should be noted that experimental technique described in following embodiment, if no special instructions, it is conventional method, institute State reagent and material, if no special instructions, the most commercially obtain；In describing the invention, term " laterally ", " vertical To ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", the side of the instruction such as " outward " Position or position relationship are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, are for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, Be not instruction or the hint device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, because of This is not considered as limiting the invention.

Embodiment 1

The preparation method of a kind of Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight, comprises the following steps:

Step one, to add weight in molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor be the lactic acid bacteria of described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.1% After the yeast that weight is described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.01%, mix homogeneously, natural fermentation 3 months, obtain sugar Honey alcohol fermentation liquid, standby；

Step 2, by the Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution that parts by weight are 5 parts, the azophoska of 2 parts, the middle trace element of 0.1 part and 5 parts The described molasses alcohol fermentation liquid prepared in step one is placed in reactor, adds water and complements to after total parts by weight are 100 parts, Adding probiotics, stir, the density making described probiotics is 0.5 hundred million/mL, obtains for preventing and treating banana blight Liquid Fertilizer.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, the preparation method of described Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution For:

Maninot esculenta crantz. is broken into tapioca syrup, adds water that weight is described tapioca syrup weight 1.5 times and weight is tapioca syrup weight The extractant of 0. 5% is placed in pot for solvent extraction, soaks 6h, intermediate agitation 2 times, it is also possible to be more than 2 times, according to wood at 40 DEG C The consumption of potato slurry judges, takes supernatant, obtains Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution.Temperature increases, and the dissolubility of effective ingredient becomes big, but warm Spending height, effective ingredient can be made to inactivate, during extraction, temperature controls can increase the dissolubility of effective ingredient at 40-50 DEG C, again can Ensure the activity of effective ingredient.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described azophoska is by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer Forming with potash fertilizer, wherein, described nitrogenous fertilizer is carbamide；Described phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate；Described potash fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described digestion agent is Oleum Ricini polyoxy second Alkene ether.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described probiotics is lactic acid bacteria；Described Middle trace element is magnesium.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described Maninot esculenta crantz. is broken into tapioca syrup, Before adding water and described digestion agent, also include the step that described tapioca syrup is carried out pretreatment, concretely comprise the following steps:

Step A, in described tapioca syrup add weight be the cellulase of described tapioca syrup weight 0. 5%, the pectase of 0. 1% After the xylanase of 0. 3%, stir, add citric acid, after the pH value of regulation tapioca syrup is 5, be heated to 45 DEG C, protect After temperature places 2h, obtain enzymolysis solution；By cellulase, pectase and the enzymolysis of xylanase, the cell wall of plant can be destroyed, Be conducive to the dissolution of intracellular effective ingredient.

Step B, the enzymolysis solution prepared in described step A add sucrose, makes the quality of sucrose in described enzymolysis solution dense Degree is 0. 5g/mL, after placing 15min, adds water and described digestion agent immediately.Sucrose concentration is higher, cause ICW to Oozing out outward, cell gradually tapers up, and after interior extracellular concentration reaches balance, rapid dilute, osmotic pressure changes suddenly, extracellular Water rapidly permeates into intracellular, causes cell expansion to rupture, so that the complete dissolution of intracellular effective ingredient.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, in the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described pot for solvent extraction Including:

Housing 100, it is the cylindrical of inner hollow, and the top of described housing 100 is opened wide, and the bottom of described housing 100 sets It is equipped with slag-drip opening 101, at slag-drip opening 101, is provided with valve；After extraction in pot for solvent extraction, the supernatant on top passes through siphon 180 Being evacuated in liquid storage tank 190, the impurity of bottom is discharged from slag-drip opening 101, recycles.

First dividing plate 110, it is the cylinder bodily form, and described first dividing plate 110 is arranged in described housing 100, described first The bottom of dividing plate 110 is fixing with the bottom of described housing 100 to be connected, the top of described first dividing plate 110 and described housing 100 Top flushes, and is provided with heat-insulation layer between the described outer wall of the first dividing plate 110 and the inwall of described housing 100；Heat-insulation layer can reduce The loss of heat in pot for solvent extraction.

Second partition 120, it is the cylinder bodily form, and described second partition 120 is arranged in described first dividing plate 110, described The bottom of second partition 120 is fixing with the bottom of described housing 100 to be connected, the top of described second partition 120 and described housing The top of 100 flushes, and the outer wall of described second partition 120 is separated by a distance with the inwall of described first dividing plate 110, and described The outer wall of two dividing plates 120 is all coated with silverskin on the inwall of described first dividing plate 110；Silverskin can by pot for solvent extraction to extraradial Heat reflects back, it is thus possible to reduce thermal loss.

3rd dividing plate 130, it is the cylinder bodily form, and described 3rd dividing plate 130 is arranged in described second partition 120, described The bottom of the 3rd dividing plate 130 is fixing with the bottom of described housing 100 to be connected, the top of described 3rd dividing plate 130 and described housing The top of 100 flushes, and the outer wall of described 3rd dividing plate 130 is separated by a distance with the inwall of described second partition 120, and described The axis of three dividing plates 130 and the dead in line of described housing 100.

4th dividing plate 140, it is the cylinder bodily form, and described 4th dividing plate 140 is arranged in described 3rd dividing plate 130, described The bottom of the 4th dividing plate 140 is fixing with the bottom of described housing 100 to be connected, the top of described 4th dividing plate 140 and described housing The top of 100 flushes, and the outer wall of described 4th dividing plate 140 is separated by a distance with the inwall of described 3rd dividing plate 130, and described It is provided with silicone oil between the outer wall of four dividing plates 140 and the inwall of described 3rd dividing plate 130, adds heat pipe 141 and temperature sensor, described Adding heat pipe 141 to be immersed in described silicone oil, described temperature sensor is arranged on the outer wall of described 4th dividing plate 140, and submergence In described silicone oil, described temperature sensor and the described heat pipe 141 that adds all are connected with controller, the axle of described 4th dividing plate 140 Line and the dead in line of described housing 100, the head clearance of described 4th dividing plate 140 is provided with multiple first groove 142, described Slag-drip opening 101 is internal with described 4th dividing plate 140 to be connected；Heat to silicone oil by adding heat pipe 141, and then transfer heat to wood Potato is starched, and adds heat pipe 141 and temperature sensor is all connected with controller, can accurately be controlled the temperature in pot for solvent extraction by controller.

First capping 102, it is annular, and the external diameter of described first capping 102 is equal with the external diameter of described housing 100, The internal diameter of described first capping 102 is equal with the internal diameter of described 3rd dividing plate 130, and the center of described first capping 102 is with described The center superposition at the top of housing 100, described first capping 102 with described housing 100, described first dividing plate 110, described second The top of dividing plate 120 and described 3rd dividing plate 130 is fixedly connected with, and makes described first dividing plate 110 and described second partition 120, And it is respectively formed vacuum layer between described second partition 120 and described 3rd dividing plate 130；Vacuum layer can be heat insulation, insulation, reduces heat Loss.

Second capping 103, it is circular, the diameter of described second capping 103 and the internal diameter phase of described 3rd dividing plate 130 Deng, described second capping 103 is arranged on the top of described 4th dividing plate 140, and the bottom interval of described second capping 103 is provided with The first projection 104 that multiple and described first groove 142 is relative, described first protruding 104 inserts in described first grooves 142, With fixing described second capping 103, the middle part of described second capping 103 is provided with the first opening 105 of a circle, and described second In capping 103, the circumferencial direction along described first opening 105 is provided with one second opening 106, and described first opening 105 is with described Second opening 106 connects；Second capping 103 is dismountable, so can observe the extraction situation of tapioca syrup and arrange the first filter The position of net 150.

First filter screen 150, it is cylindrical, the diameter of described first filter screen 150 and the internal diameter of described 4th dividing plate 140 Equal, described first filter screen 150 is arranged in described 4th dividing plate 140；First filter screen 150 can extract supernatant out at siphon 180 During liquid, floating thing more in supernatant or other impurity is prevented to be brought in liquid storage tank 190.

Support bar 160, it is vertically arranged, and described support bar 160 is the cylindrical of inner hollow, described support The external diameter of bar 160 and the equal diameters of described first opening 105, one end of described support bar 160 and described first filter screen 150 Top is fixing to be connected, and the other end of described support bar 160 passes described first opening 105, edge on the outer wall of described support bar 160 Vertical direction is arranged at intervals with multiple second projection 161, and described second projection 161 is set to when described support bar 160 is through institute Described in when stating the first opening 105, second protruding 161 can pass described second opening 106, and any two adjacent described second Spacing between protruding 161 is more than or equal to the thickness of described second capping 103；Second capping 103 in use, is connected by pot for solvent extraction Take out together with support bar the 160, first filter screen 150, in the 4th dividing plate 140, pour tapioca syrup into, then cover the second capping 103, The temperature of tapioca syrup is adjusted, until having extracted by controller.The consumption of tapioca syrup is different, then the degree of depth of supernatant is the most not With, it is moved upwardly or downwardly by support bar 160, the height of the first filter screen 150 can be regulated, make the first filter screen 150 be in as far as possible Supernatant and the boundary of bottom impurity, such siphon 180 will not extract more impurity out.In the position adjusting the first filter screen 150 When putting, first open the second capping 103, observe the degree of depth of supernatant, by second protruding 161 alignment the second openings 106, make support bar 160 move downward, and when the first filter screen 150 drops to the boundary of supernatant and bottom impurity, cover the second capping 103, rotation Turning support bar 160, make the second projection 161 not against the second opening 106, the second projection 161 is shelved in the second capping 103, this Sample can fix support bar 160, thus fixes the first filter screen 150, then by the opening of the galianconism of siphon 180 close to the first filter screen 150, supernatant can be evacuated in liquid storage tank 190.Second capping 103 can be made of clear material, and observes Maninot esculenta crantz. the best The extraction state of slurry, is also convenient for arranging the position of the first filter screen 150.

Puddler 170, it is cylindrical, and described puddler 170 is vertically situated in described 4th dividing plate 140 Portion, the bottom of described puddler 170 extends the bottom of described 4th dividing plate 140, and the top of described puddler 170 is through described First filter screen 150 also inserts in described support bar 160, described puddler 170 and described first filter screen 150 and described support bar 160 are all rotatably coupled, and the bottom of described puddler 170 is connected with a motor, and described motor is connected with described controller；Logical Cross controller and control running status and the rotating speed of motor.

Two first paddles 171, it is horizontally disposed, and is symmetrical arranged relative to described puddler 170, described One end of first paddle 171 is fixing with described puddler 170 to be connected, the bottom of described first paddle 171 and described housing The bottom contact of 100；First paddle 171 can strike off the attachment bottom pot for solvent extraction, makes pot for solvent extraction be readily cleaned.

Two second paddles 172, it is vertically arranged, one end of two described second paddles 172 respectively with Away from the fixing connection in one end of described puddler 170 on two described first paddles 171, described second paddle 172 contacts The inwall of described 4th dividing plate 140；Second paddle 172 can strike off the attachment on the inwall of the 4th dividing plate 140, makes pot for solvent extraction It is readily cleaned.

Siphon 180, the galianconism of described siphon 180 inserts in described 4th dividing plate 140, and is positioned at described first filter screen The top of 150；So siphon 180 is when extracting supernatant, at most can take mesh miscellaneous being smaller in size than the first filter screen 150 out of Matter.

Liquid storage tank 190, is provided with the receiving chamber of described Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution in it, the long-armed insertion institute of described siphon 180 State in liquid storage tank 190.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, the bottom of described puddler 170 is arranged There is screw thread, make puddler 170 become threaded rod, the tapioca syrup of bottom can be delivered up, make stirring more thorough, digestion agent and wood Potato slurry contact is more abundant, and on described puddler 170, the circumferencial direction along described puddler 170 is arranged at intervals with many 3rd stirrings Leaf 173, downward-sloping away from one end of described puddler 170 on described 3rd paddle 173, the 3rd paddle 173 can be to wood The top of potato slurry is stirred；The top of described 3rd paddle 173 flushes with the top of described second paddle 172.So The lowest part of the first filter screen 150 motion is contact the 3rd paddle 173 and the top of the second paddle 172, answers conservative control The consumption of tapioca syrup, after making extraction, supernatant is positioned on the top of the second paddle 172 with the boundary of bottom impurity.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, the top of described liquid storage tank 190 sets Being equipped with packing layer 191, the bottom of described packing layer 191 is provided with the second filter screen 192, in order to packing layer described in support 191, described The top of packing layer 191 is separated by a distance with the top of described liquid storage tank 190, described second filter screen 192 and described liquid storage tank The bottom of 190 is separated by a distance, and described packing layer 191 is followed successively by PP cotton layer, active carbon layer, Maifanitum layer and torr from top to bottom Agate beautiful jade rock layers, the other end of described siphon 180 is arranged on top and the top of described packing layer 191 of described liquid storage tank 190 Between.Supernatant can be filtered and decolour by packing layer 191 and the second filter screen 192 further, and Maifanitum and tourmaline stone can be right Lixiviating solution activates, and improves the quality of lixiviating solution.

Described in the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer preventing and treating banana blight, described first dividing plate 110, described second Dividing plate 120 and described 3rd dividing plate 130 are made by safety glass, so more preferable to the reflecting effect of heat, described housing 100 by Rustless steel is made, and described heat-insulation layer is aluminium silicate wool layer.

Embodiment 2

Step one, to add weight in molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor be the lactic acid bacteria of described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.5% After the yeast that weight is described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.05%, mix homogeneously, natural fermentation 3 months, obtain sugar Honey alcohol fermentation liquid, standby；

Step 2, by the Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution that parts by weight are 30 parts, the azophoska of 20 parts, the middle trace element of 5 parts and 40 parts Step one in prepare described molasses alcohol fermentation liquid be placed in reactor, adding water and complementing to total parts by weight is 100 parts After, adding probiotics, stir, the density making described probiotics is 200,000,000/mL, obtains for preventing and treating banana blight Liquid Fertilizer.

Maninot esculenta crantz. is broken into tapioca syrup, adds water that weight is described tapioca syrup weight 1.5 times and weight is tapioca syrup weight The extractant of 0. 5% is placed in pot for solvent extraction, soaks 6h, intermediate agitation 2 times, it is also possible to be more than 2 times, according to wood at 50 DEG C The consumption of potato slurry judges, takes supernatant, obtains Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution.Temperature increases, and the dissolubility of effective ingredient becomes big, but warm Spending height, effective ingredient can be made to inactivate, during extraction, temperature controls can increase the dissolubility of effective ingredient at 40-50 DEG C, again can Ensure the activity of effective ingredient.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described azophoska is by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer Forming with potash fertilizer, wherein, described nitrogenous fertilizer is calcium nitrate；Described phosphate fertilizer is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate；Described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described digestion agent is fatty alcohol polyoxy second Alkene ether.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described probiotics is yeast；Described Middle trace element is zinc.

Step A, in described tapioca syrup add weight be the cellulase of described tapioca syrup weight 0. 5%, the pectase of 0. 1% After the xylanase of 0. 3%, stir, add citric acid, after the pH value of regulation tapioca syrup is 6, be heated to 50 DEG C, protect After temperature places 3h, obtain enzymolysis solution；By cellulase, pectase and the enzymolysis of xylanase, the cell wall of plant can be destroyed, Be conducive to the dissolution of intracellular effective ingredient.

Step B, the enzymolysis solution prepared in described step A add sucrose, makes the quality of sucrose in described enzymolysis solution dense Degree is 0.6g/mL, after placing 25min, adds water and described digestion agent immediately.Sucrose concentration is higher, cause ICW to Oozing out outward, cell gradually tapers up, and after interior extracellular concentration reaches balance, rapid dilute, osmotic pressure changes suddenly, extracellular Water rapidly permeates into intracellular, causes cell expansion to rupture, so that the complete dissolution of intracellular effective ingredient.

Embodiment 3

Step one, to add weight in molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor be the lactic acid bacteria of described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.3% After the yeast that weight is described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.03%, mix homogeneously, natural fermentation 3 months, obtain sugar Honey alcohol fermentation liquid, standby；

Step 2, by the Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution that parts by weight are 17 parts, the azophoska of 11 parts, the middle trace element and 22 of 2.5 parts The described molasses alcohol fermentation liquid prepared in the step one of part is placed in reactor, and adding water and complementing to total parts by weight is 100 After Fen, adding probiotics, stir, the density making described probiotics is 1.2 hundred million/mL, obtains for preventing and treating Fructus Musae withered The Liquid Fertilizer of disease of withering.

Maninot esculenta crantz. is broken into tapioca syrup, adds water that weight is described tapioca syrup weight 1.5 times and weight is tapioca syrup weight The extractant of 0.5% is placed in pot for solvent extraction, soaks 6h, intermediate agitation 2 times, it is also possible to be more than 2 times, according to wood at 45 DEG C The consumption of potato slurry judges, takes supernatant, obtains Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution.Temperature increases, and the dissolubility of effective ingredient becomes big, but warm Spending height, effective ingredient can be made to inactivate, during extraction, temperature controls can increase the dissolubility of effective ingredient at 40-50 DEG C, again can Ensure the activity of effective ingredient.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described azophoska is by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer Forming with potash fertilizer, wherein, described nitrogenous fertilizer is potassium nitrate；Described phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate；Described potash fertilizer is potassium chloride.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described digestion agent is ethanol.

In the preparation method of the described Liquid Fertilizer being used for preventing and treating banana blight, described probiotics is lichens spore bar Bacterium；Described middle trace element is ferrum.

Step A, in described tapioca syrup add weight be the described cellulase of tapioca syrup weight 0.5%, the pectase of 0.1% and After the xylanase of 0.3%, stir, add citric acid, after the pH value of regulation tapioca syrup is 6, be heated to 47 DEG C, insulation After placing 2.5h, obtain enzymolysis solution；By cellulase, pectase and the enzymolysis of xylanase, the cell wall of plant can be destroyed, Be conducive to the dissolution of intracellular effective ingredient；

Step B, the enzymolysis solution prepared in described step A add sucrose, makes the mass concentration of sucrose in described enzymolysis solution be 0. 55g/mL, after placing 20min, adds water and described digestion agent immediately.Sucrose concentration is higher, causes ICW outside Oozing out, cell gradually tapers up, and after interior extracellular concentration reaches balance, rapid dilute, osmotic pressure changes suddenly, extracellular water Rapidly permeate into intracellular, cause cell expansion to rupture, so that the complete dissolution of intracellular effective ingredient.

Embodiment 4

For preventing and treating the Liquid Fertilizer of banana blight, it is made up of following raw material:

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10kg

Carbamide 10kg

Zinc sulfate 2kg

Boric acid 2kg

Molasses alcohol fermentation liquid 30kg

Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution 30 kg

Water 16kg

For preventing and treating the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer of banana blight, comprise the following steps:

Step one, to add weight in molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor be the lactic acid bacteria of described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.3% After the yeast that weight is described molasses-spirit concentrating spent liquor weight 0.04%, mix homogeneously, natural fermentation 3 months, obtain sugar Honey alcohol fermentation liquid, standby；

Step 2, Maninot esculenta crantz. is broken into tapioca syrup, adds water that weight is described tapioca syrup weight 1.5 times and weight is Maninot esculenta crantz. The extractant of slurry weight 0.5% is placed in pot for solvent extraction, soaks 6h, intermediate agitation 2 times, take supernatant, obtain Maninot esculenta crantz. at 45 DEG C Lixiviating solution；

Step 3, by 30kg Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution, 10kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10kg carbamide, 2kg zinc sulfate, 2kg boric acid and 30kg institute State molasses alcohol fermentation liquid to be placed in reactor, add 16kg water and complement to after total amount is 100kg, add 5kg probiotics, stirring Uniformly, the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight is obtained.

This product being applied to Banana Seedlings, uses soil plantation in spite of illness, the sickness rate of seedling is reduced to less than 10%, not Use this product and the sickness rate of the identical matched group of other condition of culture is at 25-35%.The seedling using this product relatively compares Group, seedling leaf color is dark green, and shoot root is many and healthy and strong, grows 20 days, the high 10cm of plant height average than matched group, and blade takes out 2 more.

Embodiment 5

The period that product embodiment 4 prepared prepares to take out flower bud at Fructus Musae uses.Can promote after using that flower bud taken out by Fructus Musae, simultaneously facilitates Fructus Musae is bloomed pollination.Plant with do not use this product and compared with the identical matched group of other condition of culture, blade is big and green, does not has Sagging.For the Fructus Musae plot slightly fallen ill, spreading of disease can well be controlled.To Fructus Musae root system microorganism detection, knot Fruit is shown in Table 1.The micro organism quantity contained in every gram of soil uses the method for plate culture count to calculate the number Han bacterium.

Table 1 uses product prepared by embodiment 4 impact on pathogen

As it can be seen from table 1 through to Fructus Musae root system microorganism detection, in use group to the favourable strain quantity of Banana Growth all Relatively comparison significantly improves, and the quantity of Fusarium oxysporum is decreased obviously, and illustrates that product prepared by embodiment 4 is to Fusarium oxysporum Grow inhibited, and do not affect the growth of beneficially other bacterium of Banana Growth.

Embodiment 6

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12kg

Carbamide 8kg

Zinc sulfate 0.3kg

Calcium nitrate 1.6kg

Boric acid 0.25kg

Molasses alcohol fermentation liquid 40kg

Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution 26kg

Water 11.85kg

Step 2, Maninot esculenta crantz. is broken into tapioca syrup, adds water that weight is described tapioca syrup weight 1.5 times and weight is Maninot esculenta crantz. The extractant of slurry weight 0. 5% is placed in pot for solvent extraction, soaks 6h, intermediate agitation 2 times, take supernatant, obtain wooden at 50 DEG C Potato lixiviating solution；

Step 3, by 26kg Maninot esculenta crantz. lixiviating solution, 12kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8kg carbamide, 0.3kg zinc sulfate, 1.6kg calcium nitrate, Molasses alcohol fermentation liquid described in 0.25kg boric acid and 40kg is placed in reactor, and add 11.85kg water complementing to total amount is 100kg After, add 2kg probiotics, stir, obtain the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight.

This product is applied to the plot that banana blight sickness rate is medium, begins to use from transplanting seedling, monthly use Once.Using rear Fructus Musae compared with not using this product and the identical matched group of other condition of culture, blade is big and green, does not has sagging, Cauloid is thicker, and plant is more healthy and stronger, within 7 days in advance, takes out flower bud, ripe listing in 10 days in advance.For the sickness rate of droop, can be fine The spreading of control disease, use sequela rate about 15%, matched group is about 36%.If able to use for successive years, Slowly sickness rate can be controlled below 5%.To Fructus Musae root system microorganism detection, the results are shown in Table 2.Every gram of soil contains Micro organism quantity uses the method for plate culture count to calculate the number Han bacterium.

Table 2 uses product prepared by embodiment 6 impact on pathogen

From table 2 it can be seen that through to Fructus Musae root system microorganism detection, in use group to the favourable strain quantity of Banana Growth all Relatively comparison significantly improves, and the quantity of Fusarium oxysporum is decreased obviously, and illustrates that product prepared by embodiment 6 is to Fusarium oxysporum Grow inhibited, and do not affect the growth of beneficially other bacterium of Banana Growth.

Although embodiment of the present invention are disclosed as above, but it is not restricted in description and embodiment listed Using, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, and can be easily Realizing other amendment, therefore under the general concept limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention does not limit In specific details with shown here as the legend and embodiment with description.

Claims

1. the preparation method being used for preventing and treating the Liquid Fertilizer of banana blight, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

2. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described wood The preparation method of potato lixiviating solution is:

3. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described nitrogen Phosphorus potash fertilizer is made up of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein, described nitrogenous fertilizer be carbamide, calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride and Any one or a few in ammonium dihydrogen phosphate；Described phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium superphosphate and heavily crosses phosphorus Acid calcium in any one or a few；Described potash fertilizer is any one in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and potassium chloride Or it is several.

4. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described leaching Proposing agent is any one or a few in castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and ethanol.

5. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in have Bacterium is lactic acid bacteria, yeast, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, colloid bacillus cereus, glues more benefit In bacillus cereus, Trichoderma viride, trichoderma harzianum any one or several；Described middle trace element be magnesium, calcium, zinc, boron, In ferrum, copper and molybdenum any one or several.

6. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that by described Maninot esculenta crantz. is broken into tapioca syrup, before adding water and described digestion agent, also includes the step that described tapioca syrup carries out pretreatment, tool Body step is:

7. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described leaching Carry tank to include:

8. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described in stir The bottom mixing bar is provided with screw thread, and on described puddler, the circumferencial direction along described puddler is arranged at intervals with many 3rd stirrings Leaf, downward-sloping away from one end of described puddler on described 3rd paddle；The top of described 3rd paddle and described the The top of two paddles flushes.

9. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described storage Being provided with packing layer in the top of liquid pool, the bottom of described packing layer is provided with the second filter screen, in order to packing layer described in support, institute The top stating packing layer is separated by a distance with the top of described liquid storage tank, the bottom phase of described second filter screen and described liquid storage tank At a certain distance, described packing layer is followed successively by PP cotton layer, active carbon layer, Maifanitum layer and tourmaline rock layers from top to bottom, described The siphonal other end is arranged between the top of described liquid storage tank and the top of described packing layer.

10. the preparation method of the Liquid Fertilizer for preventing and treating banana blight as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described First dividing plate, described second partition and described 3rd dividing plate are made by safety glass, and described housing is made of stainless steel, described Heat-insulation layer is aluminium silicate wool layer.