CN105795271A - 一种润胃排毒健康饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种润胃排毒健康饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种润胃排毒健康饮料,包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~20份,麦冬10~20份,三七粉10~20份,小米草10~20份,木瓜10~20份,红枣10~20份,山茱萸10~20份,菟丝子10~20份,马齿苋10~20份,杜仲茶10~20份,石斛10~20份,天花粉10~20份,栀子10~20份,决明子10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,益母草10~20份,枸杞10~20份,谷精草10~20份,山楂10~20份,夏枯草10~20份,合欢花10~20份。本发明具有润胃、补虚益精气,排毒养颜,滋补肝肾的功效,针对性更强。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及含有来源于植物组份的润胃排毒的保健品,特别涉及一种润胃排毒健康饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
现代都市上班族普遍使用电脑办公,烟酒无度,夜生活不节制,熬夜,这些都直接伤害了胃。胃不好,便吃不好,影响生命健康。现在,提供一种以菊花为主要成分的健康饮料,可在在办公时刻喝一喝,保胃排毒。
菊花,多年生菊科草本植物,是经长期人工选择培育出的名贵观赏花卉,也称艺菊,品种已达千余种。菊花是中国十大名花之一,在中国已有三千多年的栽培历史,中国菊花传入欧洲,约在明末清初开始。其中产地湖北大别山麻城福田河的福白菊,浙江桐乡的杭白菊和黄山脚下的黄山贡菊(徽州贡菊)比较有名。产于安徽亳州的亳菊、滁州的滁菊、四川中江的川菊、浙江德清的德菊、河南济源的怀菊花(四大怀药之一)都有很高的药效。特别是黄山贡菊,它生长在高山云雾之中,采黄山之灵气,汲皖南山水之精华,它的无污染性对现代人来说,具有更高的饮用价值。
提神:菊花是一种神经强壮剂,能增强毛细血管的抵抗力,可延缓衰老,增强体力。菊花有良好的镇静作用,经常食用能使人肢体轻松,醒脑提神。菊花的营养价值
菊花的主要成分有挥发油(0.20-/0-0.85%)、腺嘌呤、胆碱、水苏碱、菊苷及黄酮类化合物。挥发油主要有龙脑、樟脑、菊酮和醋酸龙脑酷等成分,黄酮类成分有木樨草素、芹菜素、刺槐素等。此外,菊花中还含有丰富的维生素、氨基酸、微量元素等。杭白菊中维生素E含量较高。
《本草纲目》:风热,目疼欲脱,泪出,养目去盲,作枕明目。《本经》:诸风头眩肿痛,目欲脱,泪出,皮肤死肌,恶风湿痹。久服利血气,轻身耐老延年。《别录》:疗腰痛去来陶陶,除胸中烦热,安肠胃,利五脉,调四肢。《本草衍义》:近世有二十余种,惟单叶花小而黄,绿叶色深小而薄,应候而开者是也。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,针对现代都市上班族普遍使用电脑办公,久视、烟酒无度,夜生活不节制、熬夜等伤害胃的行为,提供一种润胃排毒健康饮料。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明一种润胃排毒健康饮料,其所述菊花保健饮料中可以包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~20份,麦冬10~20份,三七粉10~20份,小米草10~20份,木瓜10~20份,红枣10~20份,山茱萸10~20份,菟丝子10~20份,马齿苋10~20份,杜仲茶10~20份,石斛10~20份,天花粉10~20份,栀子10~20份,决明子10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,益母草10~20份,枸杞10~20份,谷精草10~20份,山楂10~20份,夏枯草10~20份,合欢花10~20份。
所述润胃排毒健康饮料,其所述菊花保健饮料中还可以包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~15份,麦冬10~15份,三七粉10~15份,小米草10~15份,木瓜10~15份,红枣10~15份,山茱萸10~15份,菟丝子10~15份,马齿苋10~15份,杜仲茶10~15份,石斛10~15份,天花粉10~20份,栀子10~20份,决明子10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,益母草10~20份,枸杞10~20份,谷精草10~20份,山楂10~20份,夏枯草10~20份,合欢花10~20份。
所述润胃排毒健康饮料,其所述菊花保健饮料中也可以包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~20份,麦冬10~20份,三七粉10~20份,小米草10~20份,木瓜10~20份,红枣10~20份,山茱萸10~20份,菟丝子10~20份,马齿苋10~20份,杜仲茶10~20份,石斛10~20份,天花粉10~15份,栀子10~15份,决明子10~15份,地骨皮10~15份,益母草10~15份,枸杞10~15份,谷精草10~15份,山楂10~15份,夏枯草10~15份,合欢花10~15份
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供不一种润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,其所述保健饮料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
a.菊花的萃取,作为组分1;
b.其他原料的制备,作为组分2;
c.将上述两种提取液组分1和组分2合并,浓缩后加糊精调和制粒,消毒杀菌后制备成保健饮料冲剂。
所述步骤a中,可以在秋季将采集的白菊切碎,将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,静置备用,作为组分1。
所述步骤b中,可以将其余原料泡入10倍量乙醇中2-3天后,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-110目滤过,再经截流分子量为6000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.25的滤液,静置备用,成组分2。
所述步骤c中,可以将上述步骤提取的两种提取液,放入双效真空浓缩器中混合,先将滤液浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.32的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g浸膏,加糊精调和制粒,消毒杀菌后制备成保健保健饮料冲剂。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明也提供不一种润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,所述菊花保健饮料的制备方法还可以包括以下步骤:
a.菊花的制备,作为组分1;
b.将所述其余原料药切碎提取作为组分2;
c.将组分1和组分2混合,浓缩后加适量蜂蜜调和,紫外线消毒杀菌后装瓶。
所述步骤a中,可以将采集的白菊花泡入10倍量乙醇中2-7天后,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-110目滤过,再经截流分子量为6000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.36的浸膏,加热浓缩至膏状,静置备用,成组分1。
所述步骤b中,将其余原料药材混合,切碎过100~120目筛,过筛后细粉备用,粗颗粒放入耐酸碱浸渍锅,在室温下,与70度以上乙醇一起浸渍15~30天,然后加热回流提取2次,每次1~2小时,将2次提取液合并静置,过滤,分离后取滤液;用纱布过滤,残渣中加入50-60%乙醇,60℃-70℃继续浸提2h,每10min搅拌一次,纱布过滤,合并浸提液,浓缩成糊状成为组分2。
本发明使用白菊为主要原料。本发明具有润胃、补虚益精气,排毒养颜,滋补肝肾的功效,针对性更强,并且药效显著,可以长期服用,还不影响白菊味道,使人易于接受,可以长期服用。
具体实施方式
本发明一种润胃排毒健康饮料,其所述菊花保健饮料中可以包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~20份,麦冬10~20份,三七粉10~20份,小米草10~20份,木瓜10~20份,红枣10~20份,山茱萸10~20份,菟丝子10~20份,马齿苋10~20份,杜仲茶10~20份,石斛10~20份,天花粉10~20份,栀子10~20份,决明子10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,益母草10~20份,枸杞10~20份,谷精草10~20份,山楂10~20份,夏枯草10~20份,合欢花10~20份。
所述润胃排毒健康饮料,其所述菊花保健饮料中还可以包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~15份,麦冬10~15份,三七粉10~15份,小米草10~15份,木瓜10~15份,红枣10~15份,山茱萸10~15份,菟丝子10~15份,马齿苋10~15份,杜仲茶10~15份,石斛10~15份,天花粉10~20份,栀子10~20份,决明子10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,益母草10~20份,枸杞10~20份,谷精草10~20份,山楂10~20份,夏枯草10~20份,合欢花10~20份。
所述润胃排毒健康饮料,其所述菊花保健饮料中也可以包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~20份,麦冬10~20份,三七粉10~20份,小米草10~20份,木瓜10~20份,红枣10~20份,山茱萸10~20份,菟丝子10~20份,马齿苋10~20份,杜仲茶10~20份,石斛10~20份,天花粉10~15份,栀子10~15份,决明子10~15份,地骨皮10~15份,益母草10~15份,枸杞10~15份,谷精草10~15份,山楂10~15份,夏枯草10~15份,合欢花10~15份
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供不一种润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,其所述保健饮料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
a.菊花的萃取,作为组分1;
b.其他原料的制备,作为组分2;
c.将上述两种提取液组分1和组分2合并,浓缩后加糊精调和制粒,消毒杀菌后制备成保健饮料冲剂。
所述步骤a中,可以在秋季将采集的白菊切碎,将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,静置备用,作为组分1。
所述步骤b中,可以将其余原料泡入10倍量乙醇中2-3天后,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-110目滤过,再经截流分子量为6000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.25的滤液,静置备用,成组分2。
所述步骤c中,可以将上述步骤提取的两种提取液,放入双效真空浓缩器中混合,先将滤液浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.32的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g浸膏,加糊精调和制粒,消毒杀菌后制备成保健保健饮料冲剂。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明也提供不一种润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,所述菊花保健饮料的制备方法还可以包括以下步骤:
a.菊花的制备,作为组分1;
b.将所述其余原料药切碎提取作为组分2;
c.将组分1和组分2混合,浓缩后加适量蜂蜜调和,紫外线消毒杀菌后装瓶。
所述步骤a中,可以将采集的白菊花泡入10倍量乙醇中2-7天后,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-110目滤过,再经截流分子量为6000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.36的浸膏,加热浓缩至膏状,静置备用,成组分1。
所述步骤b中,将其余原料药材混合,切碎过100~120目筛,过筛后细粉备用,粗颗粒放入耐酸碱浸渍锅,在室温下,与70度以上乙醇一起浸渍15~30天,然后加热回流提取2次,每次1~2小时,将2次提取液合并静置,过滤,分离后取滤液;用纱布过滤,残渣中加入50-60%乙醇,60℃-70℃继续浸提2h,每10min搅拌一次,纱布过滤,合并浸提液,浓缩成糊状成为组分2。
菊花的主要成分有挥发油(0.20-/0-0.85%)、腺嘌呤、胆碱、水苏碱、菊苷及黄酮类化合物。挥发油主要有龙脑、樟脑、菊酮和醋酸龙脑酷等成分,黄酮类成分有木樨草素、芹菜素、刺槐素等。此外,菊花中还含有丰富的维生素、氨基酸、微量元素等。杭白菊中维生素E含量较高。
《本草纲目》:风热,目疼欲脱,泪出,养目去盲,作枕明目。《本经》:诸风头眩肿痛,目欲脱,泪出,皮肤死肌,恶风湿痹。久服利血气,轻身耐老延年。《别录》:疗腰痛去来陶陶,除胸中烦热,安肠胃,利五脉,调四肢。《本草衍义》:近世有二十余种,惟单叶花小而黄,绿叶色深小而薄,应候而开者是也。
菊花疏风较弱,清热力佳,用于外感风热常配三七粉同用,也可配黄芩、山栀治热盛烦燥等症。菊花治目赤肿痛,无论属于肝火或风热引起者,均可应用,因本品既能清肝火,又能散风热,常配合蝉衣、白蒺藜等同用。如肝阴不足,眼目昏花,则多配生地、杞子等同用。菊花清热解毒之功甚佳,为外科要药,主要用于热毒疮疡、红肿热痛之症,特别对于疔疮肿痛毒尤有良好疗效,既可内服,又可捣烂外敷。临床上常与地丁草、蒲公英等清热解毒之品配合应用。菊花能平降肝阳,对肝阳上亢引起的头目眩晕,往往与珍珠母、葛藤等配伍应用。
菊花一药,主要分白菊、黄菊、野菊。黄、白两菊,都有疏散风热、平肝明目、清热解毒的功效。白菊花味甘、清热力稍弱,长于平肝明目;黄菊花味苦,泄热力较强,常用于疏散风热;野菊花味甚苦,清热解毒的力量很强。野菊的茎、叶,功用与花相似,无论内服与外敷,都有功效。三七粉与菊花,均能疏散风热,清泄肺肝,故在外感风热、发热头痛及目赤肿痛等症,两药往往相辅为用。但三七粉疏风清肺的功效较好,故治肺燥咳嗽,往往用三七粉而不用菊花;菊花则长于平肝阳,且能清热解毒。本发明使用白菊。
三七粉:别名:山漆;金不换;人参三七;决明子山漆等。三七粉是用三七主根打成的粉。三七粉的成分和三七主根一样,富含三七皂苷、三七多糖、三七素、黄酮有效成分,具有止血、活血化瘀、消肿定痛、滋补强壮、抗疲劳、耐缺氧、抗衰老、降血脂、降血糖、提高机体免疫功能等作用。
小米草拉丁学名EuphrasiapectinataTen味苦;性微寒,归膀胱经,功能主治:清热解毒;利尿。主热病口渴;头痛;肺热咳嗽;咽喉肿痛;热淋;小便不利;口疮;痈肿。
红枣,枣能提高人体免疫力,并可抑制癌细胞。能促进白细胞的生成,降低血清胆固醇,提高血清白蛋白,保护肝脏,红枣中还含有抑制癌细胞,甚至可使癌细胞向正常细胞转化的物质。大枣中的维生素P含量为所有果蔬之冠,其具有维持毛细血管通透性,改善微循环从而预防动脉硬化的作用。还可以调节人体代谢、增强免疫力、抗炎、抗变态反应、降低血糖和胆固醇含量等作用;所含芦丁有保护毛细血管通畅、防止血管壁脆性增加。大枣能提高体内单核细胞的吞噬功能,有保护肝脏、增强体力的作用;大枣中的维生素C,能减轻化学药物对肝脏的损害,并有促进蛋白质合成,增加血清总蛋白含量的作用。
山茱萸果肉内含有16种氨基酸,另外,含有大量人体所必需的元素。另外,含有生理活性较强的皂甙原糖、多糖、苹果酸、酒石酸、酚类、树脂、鞣质和维生素A、C等成分。其味酸涩,具有滋补、健胃、利尿、补肝肾,益气血等功效。主治血压高、腰膝酸痛、眩晕耳鸣、阳萎遗精、月经过多等症。山茱萸的成熟干燥果实,去核后即为名贵药材山芋肉。果药入药,为收敛性补血剂及强壮剂;可健胃、补肝肾、治贫血、腰痛、神经及心脏衰弱等症。其性味酸涩、入肝、肾经。酸涩收敛,有滋肝补肾、固肾涩精的作用,适用于肝肾不足所致的腰膝酸软、遗精滑泄、眩晕耳鸣之症。
地骨皮清热,凉血。治虚劳潮热盗汗,肺热咳喘,吐血,衄血,血淋,消渴,高血压,痈肿,恶疮。《本经》:"主五内邪气,热中消渴,周痹。"《别录》:"主风湿,下胸胁气,客热头痛,补内伤大劳嘘吸,坚筋,强阴,利大小肠,耐寒暑。"
栀子(学名:GardeniajasminoidesEllis)别名:黄栀子、山栀、白蟾,是茜草科植物栀子的果实。栀子的果实是传统中药,属卫生部颁布的第l批药食两用资源,具有护肝、利胆、降压、镇静、止血、消肿等作用。在中医临床常用于治疗黄疸型肝炎、扭挫伤、高血压、糖尿病等症。含番红花色素苷基,可作黄色染料。
决明子:豆科一年生草本植物,决明或小决明干燥成熟的种子。也叫草决明、羊明、羊角、马蹄决明、还瞳子、狗屎豆、假绿豆、马蹄子等。略呈棱方形或短圆柱形,两端平行倾斜,长3~7mm,宽2~4mm。表面绿棕色或暗棕色,平滑有光泽。。
益母草味辛苦、凉,活血、祛淤、调经、消水,治疗妇女月经不调,胎漏难产,胞衣不下,产后血晕,瘀血腹痛,崩中漏下,尿血、泻血,痈肿疮疡。益母草有利尿消肿、收缩子宫作用的作用,是历代医家用来治疗妇科病的要药。益母草可全草入药,有效成分为益母草素,益母草含益母草碱、水苏碱、益母草定、益母草宁等多种生物碱及苯甲酸、氯化钾等。益母草制剂有兴奋动物子宫的作用,与脑垂体后叶素相似,益母草浸膏及煎剂对子宫有强而持久的兴奋作用,不但能增强其收缩力,同时能提高其紧张度和收缩率。
和欢花含有合欢甙,鞣质,解郁安神,滋阴补阳,理气开胃,活络止痛,用于、忧郁失眠。治郁结胸闷,失眠,健忘,风火眼,能安五脏,和心志,悦颜色,有较好的强身、镇静、安神、美容的作用,是治疗神经衰弱的佳品。具有清热解暑,养颜祛斑解酒等功效。中医认为:合欢花性味甘,平,舒郁、理气、安神、活络、养血、滋阴肾、清心明目。《神农本草经》:“合欢,安五脏,和心志,令人欢乐无忧。”
夏枯草辛、苦,寒。归肝、胆经,功效;清热泻火,明目,散结消肿。目赤肿痛、头痛眩晕、目珠夜痛。本品苦寒主入肝经,善泻肝火以明目。用治肝火上炎,目赤肿痛,可配三七粉、菊花、决明子等药用。本品清肝明目之中,略兼养肝,配当归、枸杞子,可用于肝阴不足,目珠疼痛,至夜尤甚者;亦可配香附、甘草用,如夏枯草散(《张氏医通》)。
马齿苋,拉丁学名:PortulacaoleraceaL.为马齿苋科一年生草本植物。肥厚多汁,无毛,高10~30cm,生于田野路边及庭园废墟等向阳处。国内各地均有分布。该种为药食两用植物。全草供药用,有清热利湿、解毒消肿、消炎、止渴、利尿作用;种子明目。现代研究,马齿苋还含有丰富的SL3脂肪酸及维生素A样物质。SL3脂肪酸是形成细胞膜,尤其是脑细胞膜与眼细胞膜所必需的物质;维生素A样物质能维持上皮组织如皮肤、角膜及结合膜的正常机能,参与视紫质的合成,增强视网膜感光性能,也参与体内许多氧化过程。
山楂,可食用植物,核果类水果,质硬,果肉薄,味微酸涩。落叶灌木。枝密生,有细刺,幼枝有柔毛。小枝紫褐色,老枝灰褐色。
枸杞主要含甜菜碱、胡萝卜素、抗坏血酸、亚油酸、有天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、蛋氨酸、牛磺酸等十几种人体必需的氨基酸,且富含钙Ca、铁Fe、锌Zn、硒Se、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C等多种人体必需的微量元素。枸杞叶茶具有减轻性冷感,健胃,护肝补肾,抑制肺结核,消除便秘,缓解失眠,调理低血压、贫血,治疗各种眼疾与口腔炎症,并且可以护肤养颜。长期饮用,更是可以以治疗体质虚寒,增强抵抗力,能够起到一定的改善体质的作用。枸杞叶有许多功效,显著者有三:清热,降低血压,通肠润便。
木瓜:性温、味酸,入肝、脾经;具有消食,驱虫,清热,祛风的功效;主治胃痛,消化不良,肺热干咳,乳汁不通,湿疹,寄生虫病,手脚痉挛疼痛等病症。.
杜仲茶:降压作用:乙醇提取物1~2g/kg静脉注射,对麻醉狗有降低血压作用,重复使用产生快速耐受性,果实提取物亦有类似的降压作用。科学研究证明:杜仲叶与皮的化学成分基本一致,在药理药效方面杜仲叶与皮具有基本同等功效。有兴奋垂体,肾上腺皮质系统,持续增强肾上腺皮质功能的作用(分泌类固醇荷尔蒙),改善性功能,因此,对阳痿、遗精及肾气不足有较好效果。通便利尿:治疗便秘有特效。杜仲茶中的桃叶珊瑚甙具有利尿、通便、增强肠道蠕动作用,对便秘有效。由于有机杜仲茶能有效清除体内垃圾,分解胆固醇和固性脂肪,甚至可能有个别敏感型体质刚开始出现微量便稀现象,清除体内部分垃圾及适应后即正常。
谷精草拉丁学名:Eriocaulonbuergerianum辛甘,凉;祛风散热,明目退翳。主治治目翳,雀盲,头痛,齿痛,喉痹,鼻衄。风热目赤肿痛、羞明、眼生翳膜。本品轻浮升散,善疏散头面风热、明目退翳,用治风热上攻所致目赤肿痛、羞明多泪、眼生翳膜者,可与荆芥、决明子、龙胆草等配伍,如谷精草汤。《开宝本草》:“主疗喉痹,齿风痛及诸疮疥。”《本草纲目》:“谷精草体轻性浮,能上行阳明分野。凡治目中诸病,加而用之,甚良。明目退翳之功,似在菊花之上也。”
菟丝子:性温,味甘。入肝、肾经。滋补肝肾,固精缩尿,安胎,明目,止泻。用于阳痿遗精、尿有余沥、遗尿尿频、腰膝酸软、目昏耳鸣、肾虚胎漏、胎动不安、脾肾虚泻;外治白癜风。
石斛:滋养胃阴,生津止渴,兼能清胃热。主治热病伤津,烦渴、舌干苔黑之证,常与天花粉、鲜生地、麦冬等品同用,如《时病论》清热保津法。治胃热阴虚之胃脘疼痛、牙龈肿痛、口舌生疮可与生地、麦冬、黄芩等品同用。
麦冬性味功能:甘、微苦、凉、滋阴生津、润肺止咳、清心除烦。主治热病伤津、心烦、口渴、咽干肺热、咳嗽、肺结核。配沙参,肺胃同治,具有清肺凉胃,养阴生津之良好效用,用于阴虚肺燥或热伤肺阴所致的干咳少痰,咽喉干燥等症。配五味子,酸甘化阴,守阴所以留阳,阳留汗自止。功能养阴敛汗,用治阴虚汗多,心悸,肺虚久咳,少痰或痰粘不爽等。
具体实施例1:
菊花的制备:在9~11月采收品相好的白菊花,簸去杂质,洗净,晒干;将晒干的白菊花放入乙醇中萃取,作为组分1。
其他原料的制备:其他原料泡入10倍量乙醇中2-3天后,加热提取2次,成组分2。
混合:将制备好的白菊花萃取液和其他原料提取液混合,浓缩后,加糊精或蜂蜜制粒,作为颗粒冲剂,饮用时用温开水冲泡。
具体实施例2:
秋季将采集的白菊大约5000g切碎,将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,静置备用,作为组分1。将其余原料桑寄生1000g,麦冬1000g,三七粉1000g,小米草1000g,木瓜1000g,红枣1000g,山茱萸1000g,菟丝子1000g,马齿苋1000g,杜仲茶1000g,石斛1000g,天花粉1000g,栀子1000g,决明子1000g,地骨皮1000g,益母草1000g,枸杞1000g,谷精草1000g,山楂1000g,夏枯草1000g,合欢花1000g,泡入10倍量乙醇中2-3天后,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-110目滤过,再经截流分子量为6000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.25的滤液,静置备用,成组分2。将上述步骤提取的两种提取液,放入双效真空浓缩器中混合,先将滤液浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.32的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g浸膏,加糊精调和制粒,消毒杀菌后制备成保健保健饮料冲剂。然后即可包装出品,可分装成10-15克的小茶包,也可整体混合成袋出售。
具体实施例3:
秋季将采集的白菊大约5000g切碎,将采集的白菊花泡入10倍量乙醇中2-7天后,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-110目滤过,再经截流分子量为6000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.36的浸膏,加热浓缩至膏状,静置备用,成组分1。将其余原料药材桑寄生1100g,麦冬1200g,三七粉1200g,小米草1100g,木瓜1000g,红枣1000g,山茱萸1100g,菟丝子1000g,马齿苋1200g,杜仲茶1200g,石斛1000g,天花粉1000g,栀子1100g,决明子1200g,地骨皮1300g,益母草1200g,枸杞1200g,谷精草1000g,山楂1100g,夏枯草1000g,合欢花1000g混合,切碎过100~120目筛,过筛后细粉备用,粗颗粒放入耐酸碱浸渍锅,在室温下,与70度以上乙醇一起浸渍15~30天,然后加热回流提取2次,每次1~2小时,将2次提取液合并静置,过滤,分离后取滤液;用纱布过滤,残渣中加入50-60%乙醇,60℃-70℃继续浸提2h,每10min搅拌一次,纱布过滤,合并浸提液,浓缩成糊状成为组分2。将上述步骤提取的两种提取液,放入双效真空浓缩器中混合,先将滤液浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.32的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g浸膏,加糊精调和制粒,消毒杀菌后制备成保健保健饮料冲剂。然后即可包装出品,可分装成10-15克的小茶包,也可整体混合成袋出售。
药理学毒性试验
急性毒性实验
一、试验材料:
动物:昆明种小鼠,体重21-24g,雌雄各半,山东大学生物试验室育种。实验物:本发明煎煮液。
二、方法:
1、LD50计算:采用改良寇氏法,将小鼠随机分成5组,每组10只,雌雄各半,将本发明加蒸馏水溶解,配成最大浓度,按小鼠最大允许容量给药,所给剂量按生药量依次为18,14.4,11.5,9.2,7.4(g.kg-1),在动物禁食(不禁水)18小时后,一日内分两次给药(间隔半小时),每次0.5ml,观察动物死亡情况。
2、最大耐受剂量测定(MTD值):取小鼠20只,雌雄各10只。将本发明加蒸馏水溶解,配成最高浓度,按动物的最大耐受量,以注射灌喂器能抽动为准。在动物禁食(不禁水)18小时后,一日内分两次给药(间隔半小时),每次0.5ml(每ml含生药0.36g),总药量为18g生药/kg.d,相当临床成人50Kg体重用量的300倍。给药后连续观察7天。
三、试验结果:
在LD50计算中当用最大允许浓度和最大允许容量给予小鼠时(18g/Kg.d),未见小鼠死亡,即未测出LD50,只可求最大耐受剂量,在7天观察期中,动物其食欲、活动、毛色、精神状态等皆正常,发育正常,未见有死亡。即选用相当于临床剂量的300倍药量,并无不良反应发生,表明急性毒性极小,MTD>18g/Kg.d。
实验例2:长期毒性实验资料
本发明的煎煮剂经灌胃给药6个月的动物长期毒性试验结果:SD大鼠分成三组,每组30只,雌雄各半(分成高、中、低三个剂量组,每组10只),其中第一组经灌胃给生理盐水;第二组经灌胃给本发明的剂量为0.25g、2.5g和12.5g/kg.d;第三组经灌胃给洛伐他汀的剂量为0.5mg、5.0mg和50.0mg/kg.d。在给药期间,分别观察各组动物给药后的临床表现、血液学、血生化、脏器系数和组织病理学等指标进行药物毒性的评价。研究结果:主要毒性反应表现在洛伐他汀50mg/kg.d和5.0mg组,表现在给药后SD大鼠出现了流涎、毛蓬松、忙碌、腹泻、踏脚等反应和症状,总摄食量和体重减轻;血液检查显示白细胞总数有所增加,红细胞总数、血红蛋白含量和血小板计数明显下降(P均<0.05);血液生化检查显示ALT、AST、ALP和CK升高1~8倍(P均<0.05),肌酐和尿素氮有所升高(P均<0.05),但未引起动物死亡;组织病理学分析结果显示洛伐他汀50mg/kg.d组出现了与人相似的肝肾病理改变。而生理盐水组和本发明0.25g、2.5g和12.5g/kg.d三个剂量组和洛伐他汀0.5mg/kg.d剂量组在整个给药期间均未出现类似反应,在恢复期观察期间,出现反应的各组动物的症状逐渐消失恢复正常状态。可见本发明不但能够降低洛伐他汀的毒副作用,而且可使洛伐他汀的临床无毒剂量增加至5~25倍(P均<0.01)。
试验例3:累积毒性实验:
本发明煎煮剂对小鼠按7.69、19.18和43.21g生药/kg连续用药15周(1.0ml/100g体重,每天2次)及停药3周后,结果表明:本发明中药制剂对大鼠的毛发、行为、大小便、体重、脏器重量、血象、肝肾功能、血糖、血脂等指标均无明显影响,脏器肉眼没有发现异样变化和组织学检查结果表明,用药15周及停药3周后,大鼠各脏器均无明显改变。说明本发明中药制剂对大鼠长期用药后毒性小,停药后也没有异样反应,应用安全。
药理学实验说明:
1实验材料
1.1药品
本发明润胃排毒健康饮料(用实施例2的方法制备);阳性对照药:杞菊地黄丸,同仁堂出品,市售。
1.2动物Wistar大鼠,昆明种小鼠,♀♂均用。
2对肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT、ET、NO含量的影响
2.1分组:取90只昆明小鼠随机分为6组,每组15只,A组为正常对照组;B组为模型对照组;C组为阳性对照组;D1组为本发明低剂量组,D2组为本发明中剂量组,D3组为本发明高剂量组;
2.2造模方法:采用卡介苗和脂多糖联合的方法建立免疫性肝损伤小鼠模型。各组动物适应性喂养3d后,除正常对照组外,每只小鼠1次尾静脉注射卡介苗5×107个活菌,于注射BCG后第12d静脉注射脂多糖7.5μg/鼠,于16h后处死取材,正常对照组2次都以相同方法注射等量生理盐水。
2.3给药与处理:静脉注射卡介苗的第一天起开始灌胃给药,1次/d。正常对照组与模型对照组:生理盐水灌胃,灌胃量同药物治疗组的用药容量;阳性对照药物治疗组:杞菊地黄丸,5.9g/kg剂量给药;本发明组低3.9g/kg、中7.8g/kg、高11.7g/kg剂量给药。正常对照组于第12d注射生理盐水后16h,眼球后静脉丛取血,并处死动物取肝组织送检;其余组于静脉注射脂多糖后16h,眼球后静脉丛取血,并处死动物取肝组织送检。
2.4观察指标及检测方法:①检测谷-丙转氨酶(ALT):采用化学比色法测定。②内源性一氧化氮(N0)测定:采用放射免疫法,剖取0.5g肝脏制成10%肝组织匀浆,在4℃条件下,3000转/min,离心10min,取上清液。③内皮素(ET)检测:采用放射免法直接测定血浆ET浓度。
表1各组血清ALT、ET、N0的变化情况比较
组别 | n | 剂量 | ALT(nmol*s-1/L) | ET(ng/L) | NOμ(mol/L) |
A | 15 | / | 838. 25± 382. 95 | 49. 46± 16. 34 | 37. 46± 8. 15 |
B | 15 | / | 1223. 12± 851. 74 | 52. 78± 42. 47 | 49. 42±21. 45 |
C | 15 | 5.9g/kg | 1788. 46± 645. 34** | 58. 67± 23. 15* | 46. 21± 10. 23* |
D1 | 15 | 3.9g/kg | 1455. 78± 467. 11**△ | 50. 32± 20.91* | 46. 57± 9. 56*△ |
D2 | 15 | 7.8g/kg | 1546. 37± 432. 16**△ | 54. 21± 18.32* | 46. 55± 7. 35*△ |
D3 | 15 | 11.7g/kg | 1973. 31± 422. 54** | 61. 52± 17. 67* | 47. 32± 8. 15* |
*与模型组比较,*P<0.05、**P<0.01;△与阳性对照组比较,△P<0.05。
3、对慢性肝损伤的保护作用
取40只昆明小鼠随机分为4组,每组10只,大鼠皮下注射10%5ml/kg四氯化碳油溶液,每周2次,连续注射3个月,造成四氯化碳慢性肝损伤动物模型,观察本发明药物对损伤肝的保护作用。
正常对照组(A)与模型对照组(B):生理盐水灌胃,灌胃量同药物治疗组的用药容量;阳性对照药物治疗组(C):杞菊地黄丸,2.7g/kg剂量给药;本发明(D),2.7g/kg剂量给药。正常对照组于第12d注射生理盐水后16h,眼球后静脉丛取血,并处死动物取肝组织送检;其余组于静脉注射脂多糖后16h,眼球后静脉丛取血,并处死动物取肝组织送检。
表2本发明药物对慢性肝损伤大鼠的保护作用(X±SD)
组别 | n | 剂量 | SGPT(卡门氏单位) | SGOT(卡门氏单位) | 羟脯氨酸含量 |
A | 10 | / | 42.19± 27. 04 | 109.37± 14. 63 | 1. 63± 0. 25 |
B | 10 | / | 47. 84± 99. 32 | 106.14± 72. 49 | 2.08± 0. 28 |
C | 10 | 2.7g/kg | 42.46± 29.25** | 112.51± 19. 43** | 1.68± 0. 67 |
D | 10 | 2.7g/kg | 37.78± 14. 24** | 89.43± 16. 42**△ | 1. 66± 0. 24 |
*与模型组比较,*P<0.05、**P<0.01;△与阳性对照组比较,△P<0.05。
从以上结果可以看出,检测合格的本发明药物对肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT、ET、N0含量有显著性改善,并且对慢性肝损伤有明显的的保护作用,与阳性对照药物比较有显著性差异。
临床试验:
一、实验对象:采用本发明保健饮料共在100例患者实验,其中男48例,女52例;年龄最大者55岁,年龄最小者18岁。大部分病患均为白领,自述视物模糊、夜盲;失眠健忘、肝阴亏损,两目干涩、视力减退;肝火上炎,目赤肿痛;经常眼睛发干发涩,熬夜,饮酒应酬;且面色晦暗,女病患大都有月经不调,面上起痘,色斑严重。实验组、对照组均50。病症相同或类似,采用市售清肝明目眼药水+中药调理。
治疗方法:
用法用量:治疗组采用本发明保健饮料。方用:菊花35g,桑寄生13g,麦冬11g,三七粉11g,小米草11g,木瓜12g,红枣12g,山茱萸13g,菟丝子11g,马齿苋12g,杜仲茶12g,石斛12g,天花粉12g,栀子12g,决明子12g,地骨皮11g,益母草12g,枸杞11g,谷精草12g,山楂11g,夏枯草13g,合欢花11g。其用法与用量如下:每天2袋次,每次冲泡两次为限。疗程:一个月为限。对照组每日服用中药成药(杞菊地黄丸)加滴眼药水(珍珠明目滴眼液,市售),一个月为限。
疗效评价标准
治愈:以上症状体征完全改善,患者无任何不良感觉,心情舒畅,精神焕发,眼睛不再发干发涩,视线模糊。显效:体征显著改善,患者基本无不良感觉,心情舒畅,精神很好。有效:体征明显改变,偶感稍有不适,但能接受,心情较好,精力比较充沛。无效:体征无任何改变,症状如前,心情抑郁,精神萎靡不振。面色晦暗,眼睛还是发干发涩。
结果见表1两组疗效比较(%)
组别 | 人数 | 痊愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率 |
治疗组 | 50 | 37(74) | 11(22) | 2(4) | 0(0) | 100 |
对照组 | 50 | 25(50) | 12(24) | 8(16) | 5(10) | 90 |
讨论:本发明的治疗组效果明显高于对照组。表明本发明保健茶饮代替中药完全可行。本发明的优点是,作为日常饮用,能改善口感,也让人不产生厌恶心理,对中药气味不再排斥。
针对都市上班族普遍使用电脑办公久视,烟酒无度,夜生活不节制、过度用眼总得不到缓解等伤害胃的行为,采用补虚益精气,润胃、补虚益精气,排毒养颜,滋补肝肾的功效,并且解决了中药口感不佳,不能长期服用的缺点。
以上所述是本发明的实施例,故凡依本发明申请范围所述构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰,均包括于本发明专利申请范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种润胃排毒健康饮料,其特征在于,所述菊花保健饮料中包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~20份,麦冬10~20份,三七粉10~20份,小米草10~20份,木瓜10~20份,红枣10~20份,山茱萸10~20份,菟丝子10~20份,马齿苋10~20份,杜仲茶10~20份,石斛10~20份,天花粉10~20份,栀子10~20份,决明子10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,益母草10~20份,枸杞10~20份,谷精草10~20份,山楂10~20份,夏枯草10~20份,合欢花10~20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述润胃排毒健康饮料,其特征在于,所述菊花保健饮料中还包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~15份,麦冬10~15份,三七粉10~15份,小米草10~15份,木瓜10~15份,红枣10~15份,山茱萸10~15份,菟丝子10~15份,马齿苋10~15份,杜仲茶10~15份,石斛10~15份,天花粉10~20份,栀子10~20份,决明子10~20份,地骨皮10~20份,益母草10~20份,枸杞10~20份,谷精草10~20份,山楂10~20份,夏枯草10~20份,合欢花10~20份。
3.根据权利要求1所述润胃排毒健康饮料,其特征在于,所述菊花保健饮料中也包括以下重量份的原料药:菊花10~50份,桑寄生10~20份,麦冬10~20份,三七粉10~20份,小米草10~20份,木瓜10~20份,红枣10~20份,山茱萸10~20份,菟丝子10~20份,马齿苋10~20份,杜仲茶10~20份,石斛10~20份,天花粉10~15份,栀子10~15份,决明子10~15份,地骨皮10~15份,益母草10~15份,枸杞10~15份,谷精草10~15份,山楂10~15份,夏枯草10~15份,合欢花10~15份。
4.一种如权利要求1~3中任一项所述润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述保健饮料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
a.菊花的萃取,作为组分1;
b.其他原料的制备,作为组分2;
c.将上述两种提取液组分1和组分2合并,浓缩后加糊精调和制粒,消毒杀菌后制备成保健饮料冲剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤a中,秋季将采集的白菊切碎,将其浸泡置于有盖不锈钢桶内,加70%乙醇液,质量为粗颗粒的0.8-1倍,搅拌均匀,湿润密闭放置1小时以上,使充分膨胀;将渗漉筒底部滤板用纱布袋包裹铺平后再将湿润膨胀后的药物样品拌松弄散,然后用不锈钢勺盛粉,均匀的装入渗漉筒,装10-12厘米厚,用T型棒压匀,再按上述操作,一层一层的装入,适当加压,药粉填装不得超过渗漉筒的2/3高处;药粉面上盖不锈钢孔板压牢,打开渗漉筒下面的放料阀,并放一容器,然后缓缓加入70%乙醇液;待排出药粉粉粒之间的空气,并有乙醇流出约20L左右,关闭放料阀,盖上漉筒、浸渍24小时,然后开放料阀进行渗漉,控制渗漉速度一般为1000g药材每分钟流出2~3ml,滤液放入贮液缸内,并将排空时的乙醇液倒入贮液缸;将渗滤液合并静置,静置备用,作为组分1。
6.根据权利要求4所述润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤b中,将其余原料泡入10倍量乙醇中2-3天后,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-110目滤过,再经截流分子量为6000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.25的滤液,静置备用,成组分2。
7.根据权利要求4所述润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤c中,将上述步骤提取的两种提取液,放入双效真空浓缩器中混合,先将滤液浓缩至80℃时相对密度为1.32的浓缩液,置0~5℃低温冷藏24小时;将冷藏液加0.3%的助滤剂硅藻土,过滤,滤液再置入双效真空浓缩器中,浓缩至每1ml含0.1g浸膏,加糊精调和制粒,消毒杀菌后制备成保健保健饮料冲剂。
8.一种如权利要求1~3中任一项所述润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述菊花保健饮料的制备方法还可以包括以下步骤:
a.菊花的制备,作为组分1;
b.将所述其余原料药切碎提取作为组分2;
c.将组分1和组分2混合,浓缩后加适量蜂蜜调和,紫外线消毒杀菌后装瓶。
9.根据权利要求8所述润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤a中,将采集的白菊花泡入10倍量乙醇中2-7天后,加热提取2次,每次1-2小时,去上清液,合并提取液,100-110目滤过,再经截流分子量为6000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩相对密度为80℃时1.36的浸膏,加热浓缩至膏状,静置备用,成组分1。
10.根据权利要求8所述润胃排毒健康饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤b中,将其余原料药材混合,切碎过100~120目筛,过筛后细粉备用,粗颗粒放入耐酸碱浸渍锅,在室温下,与70度以上乙醇一起浸渍15~30天,然后加热回流提取2次,每次1~2小时,将2次提取液合并静置,过滤,分离后取滤液;用纱布过滤,残渣中加入50-60%乙醇,60℃-70℃继续浸提2h,每10min搅拌一次,纱布过滤,合并浸提液,浓缩成糊状成为组分2。
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