CN105794427A - Storage method for seed potatoes - Google Patents
Storage method for seed potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105794427A CN105794427A CN201510889919.5A CN201510889919A CN105794427A CN 105794427 A CN105794427 A CN 105794427A CN 201510889919 A CN201510889919 A CN 201510889919A CN 105794427 A CN105794427 A CN 105794427A
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- seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
- A01F25/22—Ventilating arrangements
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a storage method for seed potatoes. The storage method comprises the following steps: a, disposing a storage warehouse: before putting seed potatoes in storage, performing cleaning, disinfection and air change on the storage warehouse to ensure that the moisture in the storage warehouse is discharged out, the temperature in the storage warehouse is kept at 5-10 DEG C, and the humidity is 75-85%; b, classifying the seed potatoes: separating the seed potatoes with different varieties or different growth periods; c, bagging and stacking the seed potatoes; and d, performing management after putting the seed potatoes in storage: during storage of the seed potatoes, keeping the temperature to be 1-3 DEG C and the humidity 80-90%, and keeping ventilation in the storage warehouse by virtue of a ventilation duct. The storage method provided by the invention has the following advantages: the ventilation duct is arranged in the storage warehouse and the temperature and the humidity in the warehouse are adjusted to keep the normal breathing of the potatoes and keep the ventilation in the warehouse, thereby improving the storage resistance of the seed potatoes; and the temperature is kept at 1-3 DEG C to prevent the seed potatoes from occurrence of frost damages due to a too low temperature, or shortening of the dormant period of the seed potatoes due to a too high temperature, which result in losses of the seed potatoes even the loss of the seed value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the storage technology field of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, particularly seed potato storage method.
Background technology
Rhizoma Solani tuber osi storage is a concrete indispensable important step during the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi production and operation, specifically should manage after the results of potato seed, the pre-storage of potato seed, potato seed warehouse-in, potato seed warehouse-in, disease potato seed storage, and the most several bulks go to hold.
It is known that, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is regarded as the fourth-largest cereal crops after i.e. Oryza sativa L., Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydis by country, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi deep processing in recent years improves constantly again and extends, add external export volume the most increasing, potato planting area constantly expands, and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi demand the most constantly increases.
In the development of Potato Industry, everybody may think that growing surface kind expands industry and just does greatly, but everybody is it should also be understood that Rhizoma Solani tuber osi storage is the prerequisite of potato planting enlarged areas, the pacing factor that Potato Industry expands especially.
First the expansion of growing surface kind, needs the potato seed enough guaranteed both quality and quantity, and the offer major part of potato seed will be through the storage of a Winter safety；Secondly Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
The expansion of product, developing deeply, will have enough raw potatoes supplies.As everybody knows, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi deep processing now quickly grows, such as starch, the processing of full powder, potato chips, the processing etc. of French fries, and everybody it is also known that, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi eats how long the time of processing has raw, especially starch and the processing of full powder, and it can only be stated with segment table, just not saying we take down this section, the most simply prolongation of section, what kind of impact this is again on the development of industry, and this exactly to be completed by the storage of reasonable benefit/risk.
Can not directly put storage after potato harvest in storage, could will put in storage after the external world stores up in advance, after potato harvest, pre-storage is a primary condition of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi storage.
Just the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi of results does not reach full maturity, and the after-ripening of a period of time to be passed through can be only achieved full maturity, and in this following period of time, the Repiration of tuber is strong by the most weak change, epidermis suberification gradually.Water content in tuber also can decline (about declining 5%), discharges substantial amounts of heat simultaneously.So just the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi of results to want dry in the sun in the shade ventilation, typically require about 10 days so that it is complete afterripening, and when using transport, broken skin, crowded wound, the tuber of excoriation carry out wound healing, form phellem layer and perithelium, then refill bag warehouse-in.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of seed potato storage method, with the problem solving to propose in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme: seed potato storage method, comprises the following steps:
A, bunker process: before potato seed is put in storage, clear up bunker, sterilize, take a breath so that in bunker, dampness is discharged, and keep storage storehouse temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, and humidity is 75-85%；
B, potato seed classification: by the potato seed of different cultivars or different growing separately；
C, potato seed pack piling: the potato seed after separately is packed respectively, by of a sort potato seed piling, often pile 5-7 layer, and ventilating duct is set；
Manage after d, warehouse-in: during potato seed is stored, temperature is maintained at 1-3 DEG C, and humidity is 80-90%, keep bunker inner air flow by ventilating duct.
Preferably, in step a, sterilisation step is first to use medicament spray disinfectant, then uses fumigation.
Preferably, described medicament spray disinfectant is for spraying after mixing by every cubic metre of bunker formalin 25-35ml, potassium permanganate 12-18g and water 12-18ml.
Preferably, described fumigation, for put into multiple plastic tub in bunker, pours formaldehyde and the potassium permanganate of 40% in each plastic tub successively, total formaldehyde is 900-1000ml, and potassium permanganate is 450-550g, each venthole of stifled tight bunker, after stifling 2 days, ventilation 3-4 days.
The invention have the advantages that
1, ventilating duct is set in bunker, the moisture evaporation of potato tubers and Repiration, the carbon dioxide, heat energy and the moisture alluvial that produce can be got rid of in time, and will not seal the tightest because of storehouse body, the potato tuber heart of occurrence of large-area, epidemic disaster in regulation warehouse body, the eupnea of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi can be maintained, keep warehouse-in air circulation, improve the keeping quality of potato seed.
2, during potato seed storage, temperature is maintained at 1-3 DEG C, prevents potato seed because of temperature too low generation freeze injury, or temperature is too high that potato seed rest period is shortened, and causes potato seed to be lost, even loses Seed practical value.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
[embodiment 1]:
Seed potato storage method, comprises the following steps:
A, bunker processes: before potato seed is put in storage, bunker is cleared up, sterilization, ventilation, in making bunker, dampness is discharged, keeping storage storehouse temperature is 5 DEG C, humidity is 85%, sterilisation step is first to use medicament spray disinfectant, use fumigation again, described medicament spray disinfectant is by every cubic metre of bunker formalin 35ml, spray after potassium permanganate 12g and water 12ml mixing, described fumigation is for put into multiple plastic tub in bunker, formaldehyde and the potassium permanganate of 40% is poured successively in each plastic tub, total formaldehyde is 1000ml, potassium permanganate is 450g, each venthole of stifled tight bunker, after stifling 2 days, ventilate 3 days；
B, potato seed classification: by the potato seed of different cultivars or different growing separately；
C, potato seed pack piling: the potato seed after separately is packed respectively, by of a sort potato seed piling, often pile 5 layers, and ventilating duct is set；
Manage after d, warehouse-in: during potato seed is stored, temperature is maintained at 1 DEG C, and humidity is 80%, keep bunker inner air flow by ventilating duct.
[embodiment 2]:
Seed potato storage method, comprises the following steps:
A, bunker processes: before potato seed is put in storage, bunker is cleared up, sterilization, ventilation, in making bunker, dampness is discharged, keeping storage storehouse temperature is 8 DEG C, humidity is 80%, sterilisation step is first to use medicament spray disinfectant, use fumigation again, described medicament spray disinfectant is by every cubic metre of bunker formalin 30ml, spray after potassium permanganate 15g and water 15ml mixing, described fumigation is for put into multiple plastic tub in bunker, formaldehyde and the potassium permanganate of 40% is poured successively in each plastic tub, total formaldehyde is 950ml, potassium permanganate is 500g, each venthole of stifled tight bunker, after stifling 2 days, ventilate 3.5 days；
B, potato seed classification: by the potato seed of different cultivars or different growing separately；
C, potato seed pack piling: the potato seed after separately is packed respectively, by of a sort potato seed piling, often pile 6 layers, and ventilating duct is set；
Manage after d, warehouse-in: during potato seed is stored, temperature is maintained at 2 DEG C, and humidity is 85%, keep bunker inner air flow by ventilating duct.
[embodiment 3]:
Seed potato storage method, comprises the following steps:
A, bunker processes: before potato seed is put in storage, bunker is cleared up, sterilization, ventilation, in making bunker, dampness is discharged, keeping storage storehouse temperature is 7 DEG C, humidity is 78%, sterilisation step is first to use medicament spray disinfectant, use fumigation again, described medicament spray disinfectant is by every cubic metre of bunker formalin 29ml, spray after potassium permanganate 16g and water 14ml mixing, described fumigation is for put into multiple plastic tub in bunker, formaldehyde and the potassium permanganate of 40% is poured successively in each plastic tub, total formaldehyde is 980ml, potassium permanganate is 490g, each venthole of stifled tight bunker, after stifling 2 days, ventilate 3.5 days；
B, potato seed classification: by the potato seed of different cultivars or different growing separately；
C, potato seed pack piling: the potato seed after separately is packed respectively, by of a sort potato seed piling, often pile 6 layers, and ventilating duct is set；
Manage after d, warehouse-in: during potato seed is stored, temperature is maintained at 2 DEG C, and humidity is 88%, keep bunker inner air flow by ventilating duct.
[embodiment 4]:
Seed potato storage method, comprises the following steps:
A, bunker processes: before potato seed is put in storage, bunker is cleared up, sterilization, ventilation, in making bunker, dampness is discharged, keeping storage storehouse temperature is 10 DEG C, humidity is 75%, sterilisation step is first to use medicament spray disinfectant, use fumigation again, described medicament spray disinfectant is by every cubic metre of bunker formalin 25ml, spray after potassium permanganate 18g and water 18ml mixing, described fumigation is for put into multiple plastic tub in bunker, formaldehyde and the potassium permanganate of 40% is poured successively in each plastic tub, total formaldehyde is 900ml, potassium permanganate is 550g, each venthole of stifled tight bunker, after stifling 2 days, ventilate 4 days；
B, potato seed classification: by the potato seed of different cultivars or different growing separately；
C, potato seed pack piling: the potato seed after separately is packed respectively, by of a sort potato seed piling, often pile 7 layers, and ventilating duct is set；
Manage after d, warehouse-in: during potato seed is stored, temperature is maintained at 3 DEG C, and humidity is 90%, keep bunker inner air flow by ventilating duct.
The concrete storage phase to divide according to climatic environment before, during and after three phases be managed.
Storage early stage: from entering cellar for storing things i.e. October, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is in preparation resting state, breathes vigorous, and heat release is many, and Jiao Wenhui manifests height.Management in this stage should be based on cooling, solar heat protection.October, Jiao Men to open, and all of vent is fully open, as far as possible ventilation and heat.Entering November, close night along with the reduction of temperature, Jiao Men and passage change into opening substantially daytime, concrete condition is closed according to outside air temperature and opens Jiao Men.
Preserving mid-term: from December to February in the coming year, in severe cold winter just, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is from breathing the vigorous rest period that proceeds to, and heat dissipation capacity reduces.Being substantially carried out antifreeze, insulation this period, Jiao Men to be sealed and passage, Jiao Men adds door curtain.When being down to 1 DEG C at temperature in cellar for storing things, Insulation to be taked at once, set up high wattage bulb, if desired at one layer of woven straw of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi heap upper cover, so can not only cold-proof moisturizing, it is also possible to block Jiao Dingshui be dropped on Rhizoma Solani tuber osi cause rotten.
Anaphase storage: enter between March to April, first has to remove the accumulated snow on Jiao Ding, and temperature gets warm again after a cold spell and turns high, potato block Repiration is strengthened, nutrient consumption is many, thus the heat in potato heap increases fast, and " perspiration " phenomenon easily occurs, it is easy to that " getting mildewed in warm conditions " and the phenomenon of " rotten potato " occur, therefore to withdraw from covering and door curtain in cellar for storing things in time, carry out venting practice, the management in this stage, mainly keep low temperature in cellar for storing things, do not make external high temperature impact cellar for storing things temperature.
Dry rot of potato is the important disease in Rhizoma Solani tuber osi storage, and cause of disease is dark blue Fusariumsp and fusarium solani, generally causes loss 10% 20%, can reach more than 30% when of serious.Hazard symptoms: main harm during storing, tuber of being injured, their early stage only local browning is slightly concave sunken, and after expansion, a lot of gauffers occurs in disease portion, in concentric wheel stripe shape.Sometimes linen velvet-like granule is grown on it.Cut open seen from disease potato hollow, in cavity, cover with mycelia, in potato, then become dark brown, cause whole tuber deadlock eventually and shorten dry rot shape into.Prevention and controls is: 1. Later growth notes draining, avoids wound during results, fully dries and reenters cellar for storing things, be strictly on guard against and damage after results；2., during storage, aeration-drying is kept, it is to avoid drenching with rain, temperature is advisable with 1-4 DEG C, finds that the rotten tuber of disease is removed at any time；3. the serious area of morbidity, before storage, potato seed can sterilize 800 times of liquid of bee milk agent, or 0.2% formalin even spraying by specially good effect, epidermis to be dried after noting processing.
Bacterial soft rot of potato is to be caused a disease by 3 kinds of bacterial invasions of Gracilicutes erwinia, and thalline is rod-short, has peritrichous and moves about, Gram-negative, hazard symptoms: brown scab occurs in soft rot their early stage potato block surface, quickly darkens, dimmed, the softest corruption inside potato block；When condition is suitable, sick potato quickly rots；Dried potato block is canescence granulated slag shape.Occurrence characteristic: cause of disease all can grow under the conditions of 5～30 DEG C.Holding conditions is poor, and improper ventilation is beneficial to morbidity.Prevention and controls: 1. Later growth notes draining, avoids wound during results, fully dry and reenter cellar for storing things, be strictly on guard against and damage after results；2., during storage, aeration-drying is kept, it is to avoid drenching with rain, temperature is advisable with 1-4 DEG C, finds that the rotten tuber of disease is removed at any time；3. the serious area of morbidity, before storage, potato seed can sterilize 800 times of liquid of bee milk agent, or 0.2% formalin even spraying by specially good effect, epidermis to be dried after noting processing.
Bacterial ring rot o potato is to be infected pathogenic by Firmicutes clavibacter, the milk yellow mucus that sick potato tangent plane vascular bundle overflows contains a large amount of antibacterial, thalline rod-short, atrichia, can not move about, Gram-positive, hazard symptoms: potato block surface non-evident sympton at the beginning, after storage a period of time, symptom is the most obvious, color of the leather is slightly dark, sometimes eye blackout, some surface checkings；Cutting disease potato block, it is seen that vascular bundle is milk yellow or filemot annular section, and severe one can be linked to be a circle；Extrude with hands, overflow milk yellow mucus (bacterium is dense) along yellow vascular bundle part；Severe disease potato block disease portion's blackening brown, is easily isolated with the potato heart with hands extruding potato skin.Dry rot: the multiple fungal infection for Deuteromycotina Fusarium causes a disease, the mould layer i.e. conidiophore of pathogenic bacteria produced at potato block internal cavities and conidium.Pathogenic bacteria can produce colourless bending conidium.
Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment; for a person skilled in the art; technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it; or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent; all within the spirit and principles in the present invention; the any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. seed potato storage method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
A, bunker process: before potato seed is put in storage, clear up bunker, sterilize, take a breath so that in bunker, dampness is discharged, and keep storage storehouse temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, and humidity is 75-85%；
B, potato seed classification: by the potato seed of different cultivars or different growing separately；
C, potato seed pack piling: the potato seed after separately is packed respectively, by of a sort potato seed piling, often pile 5-7 layer, and ventilating duct is set；
Manage after d, warehouse-in: during potato seed is stored, temperature is maintained at 1-3 DEG C, and humidity is 80-90%, keep bunker inner air flow by ventilating duct.
Seed potato storage method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step a, sterilisation step is first to use medicament spray disinfectant, then uses fumigation.
Seed potato storage method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described medicament spray disinfectant is for spraying after mixing by every cubic metre of bunker formalin 25-35ml, potassium permanganate 12-18g and water 12-18ml.
Seed potato storage method the most according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described fumigation is for put into multiple plastic tub in bunker, formaldehyde and the potassium permanganate of 40% is poured successively in each plastic tub, total formaldehyde is 900-1000ml, potassium permanganate is 450-550g, each venthole of stifled tight bunker, after stifling 2 days, ventilation 3-4 days.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106720236A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 天津捷盛东辉保鲜科技有限公司 | Potato crypt preservation method |
| CN107183016A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-22 | 和县海豪蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | A kind of storage method of seed potato |
| CN111374012A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-07 | 内蒙古天创药业科技股份有限公司 | Method for storing astragalus membranaceus seedlings in cellar in winter |
| CN111955090A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-20 | 湖北省益客迅电子商务有限公司 | Potato seed anti-sprouting storage method |
| CN112913485A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-08 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Arrangement method of grain ventilation air duct |
| CN114651610A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-06-24 | 郴州市农业科学研究所 | Overwintering storage method for cassava seed stems in heavy frost region and low-temperature region |
| CN115176658A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-10-14 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Processing type potato planting and storing technology for improving quality of fried slices |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106720236A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-31 | 天津捷盛东辉保鲜科技有限公司 | Potato crypt preservation method |
| CN107183016A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-22 | 和县海豪蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | A kind of storage method of seed potato |
| CN111374012A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-07 | 内蒙古天创药业科技股份有限公司 | Method for storing astragalus membranaceus seedlings in cellar in winter |
| CN111955090A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-20 | 湖北省益客迅电子商务有限公司 | Potato seed anti-sprouting storage method |
| CN112913485A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-08 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Arrangement method of grain ventilation air duct |
| CN114651610A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-06-24 | 郴州市农业科学研究所 | Overwintering storage method for cassava seed stems in heavy frost region and low-temperature region |
| CN114651610B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-10-10 | 郴州市农业科学研究所 | Overwintering storage method for cassava seed stems in heavy frost area and low-temperature area |
| CN115176658A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-10-14 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Processing type potato planting and storing technology for improving quality of fried slices |
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