CN105785478A - System suitable for testing surface polarization effect between solid-phase samples and current electrodes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of the electrical method geology prediction correlation technology, and discloses a system suitable for testing a surface polarization effect between solid-phase samples and current electrodes. The system comprises a signal generation unit, a sample measurement unit, a data acquisition unit and a central processing unit. The signal generation unit is configured to generate sine-wave voltage signals with constant amplitude and changed frequency, then amplify the sine-wave voltage signals with the constant amplitude and the changed frequency and convert the sine-wave voltage signals with the constant amplitude and the changed frequency to the sine-wave voltage signals with the constant amplitude. The sample measurement unit is configured to load the sine-wave voltage signals on the interface between the power supply electrode and the solid-phase sample to induce a polarization effect, a plurality of measurement electrodes are inserted into the solid-phase sample at an equal interval, and the voltage between each measurement point and the power supply electrode is measured. The data acquisition unit is configured to collect measurement data in multi-path mode, and transmit the measurement data to the central processing unit to obtain results. According to the invention, the special requirement of the surface polarization effect test between solid-phase samples and current electrodes can be satisfied, and the accuracy of the results of the advanced geology prediction is improved.

Description

A kind of suitable in the system of surface polarization effect between test solid phase sample and current electrode

Technical field

The invention belongs to electrical method Geological Prediction correlative technology field, be applicable to test the system of surface polarization effect between solid phase sample and current electrode more particularly, to a kind of.

Background technology

In geologic prospect field, it will usually use induced polarization method according to rock, Ore effect of induced polarization to find metalliferous mineral and the solution problem such as hydrogeology, engineering geology.Induced polarization method can be divided into time-domain induced polarization method and frequency-domain IP method two types, wherein the prediction of Beam advance geologic is based on frequency-domain IP method, it it is a kind of method for forecasting advanced geology conventional in TBM tunnel piercing, it is by adopting suitable advance geologic Predicting Technique, be conducive to verifying front geological condition, carry out corresponding safeguard procedures, so that it is guaranteed that construction safety is normally carried out.

The prediction of Beam advance geologic body is still in the research and development elementary step in China, for being effectively improved test accuracy, it would be highly desirable to improve its measuring technology.At present, Beam method of the prior art is to be arranged on by current electrode on TBM shield, and whole equipment contacts with surrounding medium as current emission source, and directly measures shield voltage.Owing to there is very big surface polarization effect in energising situation between shield and country rock, and this surface polarization effect is bigger relative to the total polarity effect of geologic body, this surface polarization voltage is again directly be superimposed upon between shield and other end current electrode on the voltage in electricity loop, and therefore the surface polarization of shield can directly influence the accuracy of forward probe.Existing surface polarization experiment test is all that the interface between current electrode and liquid carries out, and for the surface polarization effect measurement between solid sample and current electrode, can not as moving freely in a liquid owing to measuring electrode in solid sample, therefore can not infinite approach solid current electrode surface, cause existing surface polarization experiment test scheme to be difficult to better conform to actual condition.

Summary of the invention

Disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement for prior art, the invention provides a kind of suitable in the system of surface polarization effect between test solid phase sample and current electrode, wherein by the structure composition of its overall especially multiple key component of measuring principle and set-up mode thereof etc. are studied and designed, the surface polarization effect between solid phase sample and current electrode should be able to be met mutually preferably and test peculiar requirement, and compared with prior art it is remarkably improved the result precision of address prediction of exceeding the time limit, it is provided simultaneously with compact conformation, is easy to manipulation and work efficiency advantages of higher.

For achieving the above object, according to the present invention, provide a kind of suitable in the system of surface polarization effect between test solid phase sample and current electrode, it is characterized in that, this system includes signal generating unit, signal amplification unit, sample measurement unit, data acquisition unit and CPU, wherein:

Described signal generating unit is for producing constant amplitude and the sine voltage signal of frequency change, and its one end is connected with described CPU signal, and the other end is connected with described signal amplification unit and sine wave output voltage signal；Described signal amplification unit is for receiving and amplify the sine voltage signal inputted, and is converted into corresponding sine-wave current signal and continues to put out；

Described sample measurement unit includes material barrel, current electrode and measurement electrode, and wherein this material barrel is made up of insulant, and is filled with solid phase sample to be tested therein；This current electrode is arranged on the left and right sides of described material barrel opposed to each other, and is inserted into solid phase sample each via laterally protruding structural member and contacts with it；In addition, described signal amplification unit, current electrode and solid phase sample together form loop, and described signal amplifies the sine-wave current signal of signal output and is loaded on the interface between described current electrode and described solid sample, and produces effect of induced polarization in alternating electric field；The quantity of this measurement electrode is multiple, they are inserted into solid phase sample from the top of described material barrel respectively and contact with it, and keep being equally spaced between all measurement electrodes, be consequently for the relevant informations such as each magnitude of voltage measured between point and described current electrode on solid sample are measured in real time；

One end of described data acquisition unit is connected with described CPU signal, the other end is provided with multiple data acquisition channel, these data acquisition channels are corresponding one by one with described measurement electrode, and for the measurement data of measurement electrode each described is acquired, then corresponding signal is delivered to described CPU；This CPU for providing the signal for producing different sine voltage signal to described signal generating unit, receive simultaneously, store and process from described data acquisition unit signal, and then calculate the surface polarization effect value between solid phase sample and current electrode.

As it is further preferred that described current electrode, measurement electrode are preferably made up of Steel material.

As it is further preferred that described signal amplification unit is preferably constant-current source.

As it is further preferred that the surface polarization effect value between described solid phase sample and current electrode is preferably calculated according to below equation:

${\mathrm{\η}}_{Rs}=\frac{R_{S1,f_{low}}-R_{S1,f_{high}}}{R_{S1,f_{low}}}\×100\%$

Wherein, η_RsRepresent the surface polarization effect value between described solid phase sample and current electrode；Representing the low-frequency resistance between solid phase sample and current electrode, its unit is ohm；Representing the alternating-current resistance between solid phase sample and current electrode, its unit is ohm.

In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, by to its overall measuring principle particularly multiple crucial component units, such as the structure composition of sample measurement unit and the aspect such as running parameter of set-up mode and signal generating unit carry out studying and designing, can effectively overcome the problems such as electrode can not move freely of measuring in solid sample in existing equipment, meet the peculiar requirement that the surface polarization effect between solid phase sample and current electrode is tested preferably, it is provided simultaneously with compact conformation, it is easy to manipulation and work efficiency advantages of higher, it is therefore particularly suitable for the surface polarization effect test-purpose between solid phase sample and current electrode, also apply be applicable to the high accuracy THE POLARIZATION occasion at interface between other phase and electrodes simultaneously.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that being applicable to constructed by the present invention tests the unitary construction schematic diagram of the system of polarity effect between solid phase sample and current electrode；

Fig. 2 is the structure sectional view for more specifically showing material barrel shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the structure sectional view of the current electrode according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 4 more specifically shows the measurement application scenarios schematic diagram of solid phase sample in Fig. 1.

In all of the figs, identical accompanying drawing labelling is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein:

1-signal generating unit 2-signal amplification unit 3-sample measurement unit 4-data acquisition unit 5-CPU 31-material barrel 32-current electrode 33-measures electrode 321-cylinder 322-through hole

Detailed description of the invention

In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.As long as just can be mutually combined additionally, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below does not constitute conflict each other.

Fig. 1 is that being applicable to constructed by the present invention tests the unitary construction schematic diagram of the system of polarity effect between solid phase sample and current electrode.As shown in fig. 1, this system mainly includes signal generating unit 1, signal amplification unit 2, sample measurement unit 3, data acquisition unit 4 and CPU 5 etc., and these ingredients carry out specific explanations explanation below one by one.

Signal generating unit 1 is such as the form of signal generator, and for producing constant amplitude and the sine voltage signal of frequency change, its one end is connected with CPU 5 signal, the other end is such as positive and negative electrode, and being connected with the positive and negative electrode of signal amplification unit 2 respectively, and sine wave output voltage signal.

Signal amplification unit 2 is such as in the form of constant-current source, and for receiving and amplify the sine voltage signal inputted, and is converted into corresponding sine-wave current signal and continues to put out, namely keeps original constant amplitude and frequency.Then, this sine-wave current signal is loaded on the interface between the current electrode illustrated more detail below and solid phase sample by the positive and negative electrode of constant-current source, and produces effect of induced polarization in alternating electric field.

As another key component of the present invention, sample measurement unit 3 includes material barrel 31, current electrode 32 and measures electrode 33 etc..Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, material barrel 31 is such as made up of insulant in cube structure, and centre has the cylindrical hole of certain size, and is filled with solid phase sample to be tested therein；At the top of material barrel 31, having the screw that multiple (being shown as 5 in Fig. 2) is equally spaced, these screws are respectively for insertion into measurement electrode.In addition, the left and right sides of this material barrel has multiple screws of symmetry, current electrode 32 has the through hole of correspondence, so that two current electrodes are arranged on the both sides of material barrel opposed to each other, and are inserted into solid phase sample each via laterally protruding structural member and contact with it.After the solid phase sample being such as rock sample is put into material barrel, two current electrodes putting sealing ring, the upper surface of the structural member (being preferably cylinder) of protrusion inserts sample to be tested two ends and contacts.Then and tighten by screw corresponding on the through hole insert barrel on current electrode with screw so that current electrode and rock sample are fully contacted.For measuring for electrode 33, its quantity is multiple and is inserted into solid phase sample from the top of material barrel 31 respectively and contacts with it, is consequently formed between multiple separate measurement points and all measurement electrodes and keeps being equally spaced.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, for the current electrode directly influencing measurement result precision, it is preferably designed in the present invention: the structure that disk is remaining after being intercepted following sub-fraction by straight line, and it is combined with material barrel for embedding screw to be not only provided with multiple through hole 322 on the side of this structure, and it is additionally provided with laterally projecting cylinder 321 at middle section to be adequately inserted to solid sample, correspondingly, ensure and solid phase sample between be fully contacted while, also contribute to reliability and the degree of accuracy of whole measurement process.

Data acquisition unit 4 is such as data acquisition card, one end of this capture card is connected with CPU 5 signal, the other end is provided with multiple data acquisition channel, it is corresponding one by one that these data acquisition channels measure electrode 33 with each, thus each measurement data measuring electrode is acquired simultaneously, then corresponding signal is delivered to CPU.

CPU 5 for providing the signal for producing different sine voltage signal to signal generating unit, receive simultaneously, store and process all signals from data acquisition unit 4, and then calculate the surface polarization effect value between solid phase sample and current electrode, correspondingly, Central Processing Unit can read the magnitude of voltage of each passage hereinto under different frequency, include the information such as testing time, apparent chargeability simultaneously.Such as, by above-mentioned five measured magnitudes of voltage measuring electrode, according to the geometric distance between each measurement electrode and current electrode, the magnitude of voltage at whole sample medium two ends can be obtained by the method extrapolated.The magnitude of voltage of two current electrodes deducts the difference of the magnitude of voltage of sample medium and namely obtains face voltage.

It is test sample by the Kaolin certain with water content below, the current electrode that steel matter is made, the measurement electrode that steel matter is made, and under the certain experiment condition of electric current density, illustrate measurement and the calculating of surface polarization.

Based on the surface polarization test system more than present patent application set up, can collecting under different frequency by data acquisition card, current electrode two ends and five measure the time dependent instantaneous values of electrode voltage, obtain voltage magnitude through calculation process.

Specifically, it is possible to by standard pure resistance R₀It is connected in whole circuit, for demarcating the electric current being measured system by entirety.Being arranged on material barrel two ends current electrode is A, B, current electrode and sample contacts resistance respectively R_S1、R_S2。

The electrodes of A terminal voltage value recorded when Alternating Current Power Supply isB terminal voltage value is

As shown in Figure 4, by all five measure electrodes from left to right successively called after first measure electrode, second measure electrode, the 3rd measure electrode, the 4th measure electrode and the 5th measure electrode, wherein first measure electrode place gather magnitude of voltage beThe magnitude of voltage that 5th measurement electrode place collects isMeasuring electrode to the impedance of right side current electrode from first is Z₁, measuring electrode to the impedance of left side current electrode from first is Z₃, the first measurement electrode is Z to the 5th impedance measured between electrode₂.Additionally, by the electric current of whole series circuit be

According to series circuit principle, it is possible to obtain formula (1), (2), (3), (4):

${\tilde{V}}_4=R_0\×\tilde{I}---\left(1\right)$

${\tilde{V}}_3=(R_0+R_{S1}+Z_3)\×\tilde{I}---\left(2\right)$

${\tilde{V}}_2=(R_0+R_{S1}+Z_3+Z_2)\×\tilde{I}---\left(3\right)$

${\tilde{V}}_1=(R_0+R_{S1}+Z_3+Z_2+Z_1+R_{S2})\×\tilde{I}---\left(4\right)$

Such that it is able to derive (5), (6), (7):

$Z_3+R_{S1}=\frac{({\tilde{V}}_3-{\tilde{V}}_4)}{\tilde{I}}---\left(5\right)$

$Z_2=\frac{({\tilde{V}}_2-{\tilde{V}}_3)}{\tilde{I}}---\left(6\right)$

$Z_1+R_{S2}=\frac{({\tilde{V}}_1-{\tilde{V}}_2)}{\tilde{I}}---\left(7\right)$

Wherein complex number voltageCollected by data acquisition card.

Total power plural currentFormula (1) can be passed through try to achieve.

By formula (2), (3), (4) by multinomial plus and minus calculation, can releasing the first measurement electrode to measure between electrode to the 5th, overall length is the impedance Z of the medium of 4d (namely first measuring electrode to the spacing between the 5th measurement electrode)₂.Additionally, the first measurement electrode is measured electrode to neighbors barrel Edge Distance and the 5th and is all preferably set to d/2 to neighbors barrel Edge Distance.

Then for medium, obtain formula (8):

$Z_1=Z_3=\frac{Z_2}{8}---\left(8\right)$

By Z₁、Z₃, bring formula (5) into, (7) can obtain R_S1、R_S2, i.e. current electrode and the impedance on medium contact interface.

$R_{S1}=R_{S2}=\frac{{\tilde{V}}_1-{\tilde{V}}_2}{I}-\frac{({\tilde{V}}_2-{\tilde{V}}_3)}{8I}---\left(9\right)$

Current electrode and the surface polarization rate on test sample contact interface:

${\mathrm{\η}}_{Rs}=\frac{R_{S1,f_{low}}-R_{S1,f_{high}}}{R_{S1,f_{low}}}\×100\%---\left(10\right)$

Wherein, η_RsRepresent the surface polarization effect value between described solid phase sample and current electrode；Representing the low-frequency resistance between solid phase sample and current electrode, its unit is ohm；Representing the alternating-current resistance between solid phase sample and current electrode, its unit is ohm；Correspondingly, it is able to obtain in high precision, quickly current electrode and effect of induced polarization size on solid sample interface.

Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. one kind is applicable to test the system of surface polarization effect between solid phase sample and current electrode, it is characterized in that, this system includes signal generating unit (1), signal amplification unit (2), sample measurement unit (3), data acquisition unit (4) and CPU (5), wherein:

Described signal generating unit (1) is for producing constant amplitude and the sine voltage signal of frequency change, its one end is connected with described CPU (5) signal, and the other end is connected with described signal amplification unit (2) and sine wave output voltage signal；Described signal amplification unit (2) is for receiving and amplify the sine voltage signal inputted, and is converted into corresponding sine-wave current signal and continues to put out；

Described sample measurement unit (3) includes material barrel (31), current electrode (32) and measures electrode (33), wherein this material barrel (31) is made up of insulant, and is filled with solid phase sample to be tested therein；This current electrode (32) is arranged on the left and right sides of described material barrel (31) opposed to each other, and is inserted into solid phase sample each via laterally protruding structural member and contacts with it；In addition, described signal amplification unit (2), current electrode (32) and solid phase sample together form loop, and described signal amplifies the sine-wave current signal of signal output and is loaded on the interface between described current electrode and described solid sample, and produces effect of induced polarization in alternating electric field；The quantity of this measurement electrode (33) is multiple, they are inserted into solid phase sample from the top of described material barrel (31) respectively and contact with it, and keep being equally spaced between all measurement electrodes, be consequently for the relevant informations such as each magnitude of voltage measured between point and described current electrode (32) on solid sample are measured in real time；

One end of described data acquisition unit (4) is connected with described CPU (5) signal, the other end is provided with multiple data acquisition channel, these data acquisition channels and described measurement electrode one_to_one corresponding, and for the measurement data of measurement electrode each described is acquired, then corresponding signal is delivered to described CPU；

Described CPU for providing the signal for producing different sine voltage signal to described signal generating unit (1), receive simultaneously, store and process the signal from described data acquisition unit (4), and then calculate the surface polarization effect value between solid phase sample and current electrode.

2. as claimed in claim 1 suitable in the system of surface polarization effect between test solid phase sample and current electrode, it is characterised in that described current electrode, measurement electrode are preferably made up of Steel material.

3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 suitable in the system of surface polarization effect between test solid phase sample and current electrode, it is characterised in that described signal amplification unit is preferably constant-current source.

4. being applicable to as described in claim 1-3 any one tests the system of surface polarization effect between solid phase sample and current electrode, it is characterised in that the surface polarization effect value between described solid phase sample and current electrode is preferably calculated according to below equation:

${\mathrm{\η}}_{Rs}=\frac{R_{S1,f_{low}}-R_{S1,f_{high}}}{R_{S1,f_{low}}}\×100\%$

Wherein, η_RsRepresent the surface polarization effect value between described solid phase sample and current electrode；Representing the low-frequency resistance between solid phase sample and current electrode, its unit is ohm；Representing the alternating-current resistance between solid phase sample and current electrode, its unit is ohm.