CN105784561B - A kind of measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials and its measurement method - Google Patents
A kind of measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials and its measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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Abstract
A kind of measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials of present invention proposition and its measurement method, measuring device include outer barrel, inner cylinder, end cap；Interior tube inner chamber is divided into admission chamber and exhaust chamber by porous material to be measured, three groups of level instruction devices are laid in admission chamber, when liquid level reaches upside level instruction device, stop liquid is added, and control system side and downside level instruction device return value according in carry out measurement and the completion the function of automatic adding water of time.Incubation cavity between inner barrel and outer barrel plays heat insulating effect, error can be made to minimize when temperature measures.Porous material upper end admission chamber is equipped with temperature sensor, real time temperature can accurately be measured, when temperature is less than set temperature, control system heats the liquid that admission chamber is flowed by input duct in device environmental liquids container, make temperature that can reach set temperature always, is measured to accomplish to consider the permeance property under coupled field to porous material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials and measurement methods.Especially for stream
The measuring device and measurement method of artificial bone scaffold permeability under field, temperature field coupling.
Background technology
Currently, permeability survey is mainly concentrated for coal petrography, sandy soil, rock field, measurement method is based primarily upon constant head
With varying head measuring principle, drilling constant head water injection test is suitable for the stronger rock-soil layer of the following permeability of level of ground water, becomes water
Head water injection test is suitable for the little rock-soil layer of level of ground water or more, permeability.The measuring instrument measurement accuracy of principle invention according to this
Low, cumbersome, speed is slow.As porous support is in the application and popularization of biomedical sector, biological stephanoporate bracket material is evaluated
The permeance property quality of material also ever more important.In organizational project, the aperture size and porosity of timbering material can influence to plant
The aperture size of the proliferation and activity of daughter cell, bigger is conducive to the growth of cambium, and high porosity also provides for cell
The amplification of bigger and migration space.Therefore, aperture size and porosity are considered as the important knot of timbering material all the time
Structure parameter, permeability survey instrument are then a kind of instruments for measuring porous material infiltration coefficient.And for nutrient solutions such as haemocyanins
Relative to the evaluation of the infiltration coefficient of porous material holder, also ever more important, its measured value are biological stephanoporates under body temperature (37 degree)
The critical evaluation index that timbering material survives after bone grafting, therefore, the invention of porous support materials measuring instrument for permeability rate
It is of great significance in biomedical tissue engineering field.
The liquid seepage for the porous material infiltration coefficient that variable water level method measures must satisfy laminar flow condition.This method measures more
The determining instrument of Porous materials infiltration coefficient still needs to be improved at following two aspect：
(1) due to not accounting for influence of the temperature field to infiltration coefficient, therefore the coefficient of kinetic viscosity of permeation liquid is necessarily made
At the infiltration coefficient that can not measure the porous material under different temperatures, it is only capable of reflecting different temperatures percolating fluid from macroscopic measurement approximation
The infiltration coefficient of body；
(2) since subjective artificial method obtains the measurand of infiltration coefficient, measurand is relatively more, and permeates system
Number operation and calculating is not easy.Its device measurand can be reduced, and operating method and instrument itself have much room for improvement.
Head difference is easy to measure but easily fluctuate in constant head test method, and the measuring instrument is also relative complex, system pair
External environment variation is sensitive；Secondly, this method is complicated for operation, needs many aided measurement device cooperations to complete, therefore measure more
Porous materials permeability is time-consuming, and the method does not consider influence of the temperature factor to porous material permeability equally.
Gu utility model patent CN202024947U disclosed in 2 days November in 2011 discloses a kind of porous material stream--
Hot multi- scenarios method permeability measuring apparatus, the method need mounting temperature sensor, pressure sensor, microflow sensor, survey
The variable of amount is more, easy tos produce larger error, and inconvenient, and accurate for biological bone holder permeability measures more
It is difficult to complete to be.Utility model patent CN2727731 discloses a kind of Multifunctional road pipeline material disclosed on 09 21st, 2005
Permeation tester, first he maintain feed liquor using the pressure difference of water tank and test container, thus it cannot be guaranteed that accurate flow,
Secondly the quality of the water gone out using balance measurement seepage flow, is so caused error propagation, influences measurement accuracy.On 03 18th, 2015
Disclosed utility model patent CN204214748U discloses drilling well mud cake permeability measuring apparatus, realizes to thin ooze cake
Permeability survey.Foregoing invention instrument does not consider influence of the temperature change to porous material permeability.The actually change of temperature
Change the microstructure for directly affecting porous media, directly affects the accuracy of permeability survey in this way.For porous material in temperature
Low-permeability measurement under the conditions of degree and coupling pressure has caused the field focus of attention.For biological stephanoporate bracket in temperature and
Permeability survey under the coupling condition of flow field does not have been reported that.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to not consider under conditions of multi- scenarios method field for existing porous material permeability survey
The deficiency that temperature change influences permeance property provides a kind of new measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials and its survey
Amount method.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials, it is characterised in that：Including outer barrel, inner cylinder, end cap；
For inner tube installation in outer barrel, end cap closes inner barrel and outer barrel；
It is incubation cavity between inner cylinder and outer barrel, incubation cavity passes through soak cycles liquid inlet and soak cycles liquid outlet
With environmental liquids reservoir；
Porous material to be measured is placed in the mounting table of inner cylinder internal face, and the restrained knot in porous material upper end to be measured
Structure compresses；The outside wall surface of porous material to be measured is fitted close with inner cylinder internal face；Interior tube inner chamber is divided by porous material to be measured to be waited for
Survey the admission chamber above porous material and the exhaust chamber below porous material to be measured；
Admission chamber is connected to environmental liquids container by input duct；There is temperature measuring equipment to stretch into admission chamber, temperature is surveyed
Amount device can measure fluid temperature in admission chamber；Also have on admission chamber internal face and be disposed with level instruction device at least three,
Level instruction device is connect with external data acquisition control system；
Exhaust chamber is connected to the external world by drain pipe.
Further preferred embodiment, a kind of measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials, it is characterised in that：Institute
It states restraining structure and uses sleeve；Sleeve lower end and porous material upper end to be measured compression fit, sleeve upper end pass through sealing ring and end
Lid compression fit；Sleeve outer wall face is fitted close with inner cylinder internal face.
Further preferred embodiment, a kind of measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials, it is characterised in that：It waits for
Survey porous material is cancellous bone sample.
The method that porous material multi- scenarios method permeability survey is carried out using above-mentioned apparatus, it is characterised in that：Including following
Step：
Step 1：Liquid in extraneous liquid container is heated, when reaching required temperature, stops heating, into step
Rapid 2；When environmental liquids liquid in containers temperature is less than required temperature, restart to heat, until reaching required temperature；
Step 2：The drain pipe for closing exhaust chamber, passes through input duct and heat preservation respectively by the liquid in environmental liquids container
Circulating liquid entrance is passed through admission chamber and incubation cavity, and liquid returns to environmental liquids appearance from soak cycles liquid outlet in incubation cavity
Device；When liquid height meets or exceeds the top level instruction device in admission chamber, stop being passed through liquid to admission chamber；Using
Temperature measuring equipment measures fluid temperature in admission chamber, if the fluid temperature measured is less than required temperature, opens drain pipe, will
Liquid is all discharged in inner cylinder, return to step 1；If the fluid temperature measured reaches required temperature, 3 are entered step；
Step 3：Drain pipe is opened to open when liquid level drops to middle position level instruction device in admission chamber
Beginning timing stops timing, obtains drawdown time when liquid level drops to bottom level instruction device in admission chamber
ti, i expression ith measurement periods；
Step 4：Calculate the permeability B of current measurement cyclei：
Wherein S0For the cavity cross-sectional area of admission chamber, ρ0For fluid density, g is acceleration of gravity, and H is middle position
Level instruction device is to the distance of exhaust chamber bottom, and h is distance of the bottom level instruction device to exhaust chamber bottom, and e is certainly
Right constant, γ are the viscosity of liquid under required temperature, and δ is the thickness of porous material to be measured, and A is the cross section of porous material to be measured
Product；
Step 5：Step 1 is repeated to step 4, after measurement period number reaches the times N of requirement, calculates porous material to be measured
The permeability of material
Advantageous effect
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1, three groups of level instruction devices are laid in admission chamber, when liquid level meets or exceeds upside level instruction device height
When spending, stop liquid is added, and temperature sensor is measurable, and fluid temperature, control system side and downside liquid level can refer at this time
Showing device return dac value come carry out the time measurement and complete the function of automatic adding water, reduce personnel operation, realize
Detection and Automatic survey, and there are one measurands, the introducing of error can be efficiently reduced.
2, the water-bath incubation cavity between inner barrel and outer barrel, has functioned well as heat insulating effect, can be measured in temperature
When so that error is minimized.Porous material upper end admission chamber is equipped with temperature sensor, can accurately measure real time temperature, when
When temperature is less than set temperature, control system is in device environmental liquids container to the liquid by input duct inflow admission chamber
Heating, makes temperature that can reach set temperature always, to accomplish to consider the permeability under coupled field to porous material
It can measure.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination following accompanying drawings to embodiment
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1：Measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials schematic diagram proposed by the present invention
In figure, 1-end cap, 2-outer barrels, 3-water-bath incubation cavities, 4-inner cylinders, 5-porous materials to be measured, 6-sleeves,
7-sealing rings, 8-drain pipes, 9-input ducts, 10-temperature sensors, 11-the top level instruction devices, in 12-
Between level instruction device at position, 13-bottom level instruction devices, 14-soak cycles liquid inlets, 15-soak cycles
Liquid outlet.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term "center", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside", " up time
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise " is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of
The description present invention and simplified description, do not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, with spy
Fixed azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
With reference to attached drawing 1, the measuring device of multi-field coupling permeability for porous materials in the present embodiment is used for cancellous bone sample
Permeability survey, device include outer barrel 2, inner cylinder 4, end cap 1.End cap 1 is double-layer vacuum polyethylene cover, and outer barrel 2 is outside stainless steel
Cylinder, inner cylinder 4 are the rectangular inner cylinder of titanium alloy.For the rectangular inner tube installation of titanium alloy in stainless steel outer barrel, double-layer vacuum polyethylene cover will
Inner barrel and outer barrel is closed.
It is water-bath incubation cavity 3 between the rectangular inner cylinder of titanium alloy and stainless steel outer barrel, water-bath incubation cavity 3 passes through soak cycles liquid
Body entrance 14 and soak cycles liquid outlet 15 and environmental liquids reservoir, soak cycles liquid inlet 14 and heat preservation follow
15 outer diameter of ring liquid outlet is 5mm, seals and coordinates with stainless steel outer barrel wall surface.The effect of water-bath incubation cavity is the stream by recirculated water
It is dynamic to play the role of heat preservation to reduce the dissipation of heat, reduce measurement error.
It is a cavity inside the rectangular inner cylinder of titanium alloy, there are one stepped ramp type wall surface, length of side d for the rectangular inner cylinder inner wall tool of titanium alloy
=15mm is highly placed on stepped ramp type wall surface for the cube carborundum porous ceramics of δ=10mm porous material 5 to be measured, waits for
The outside wall surface and the rectangular inner cylinder internal face of titanium alloy for surveying porous material 5 are fitted close；Porous material 5 to be measured is rectangular interior by titanium alloy
Tube inner chamber is divided into the admission chamber above porous material to be measured and the exhaust chamber below porous material to be measured.
Porous material 5 to be measured is compressed using titanium alloy square sleeve 6 in admission chamber, prevent from making because of fluid pressure by
It surveys experiment material to move, causes experimental error.6 outside wall surface of titanium alloy square sleeve is fitted close with inner cylinder internal face, set
6 lower ends of cylinder and 5 upper end compression fit of porous material to be measured, sleeve upper end passes through sealing ring 7 and end cap compression fit.
Admission chamber passes through the input duct through sleeve 6, inner cylinder 4, water-bath incubation cavity 3 and outer barrel 2 with environmental liquids container
9 connections；9 outer diameter of input duct is also 5mm, also seals and coordinates with passed through hole wall.Exhaust chamber bottom with it is extraneous by one according to
It is secondary to be connected to the drain pipe 8 of inner cylinder 4 through outer barrel 2.8 outer diameter of drain pipe is also 5mm, seals and coordinates with passed through hole wall.
Dress uses Siemens's SITRANS TF2 temperature sensing there are one temperature sensor 10 in this example in admission chamber
Device, temperature sensor 10 can measure fluid temperature in admission chamber.Also have on admission chamber internal face and is disposed with liquid level instruction at three
Device, level instruction device realize that metal probe connects with external data acquisition control system using horizontal positioned metal probe
It connects.For controlling automatic watering, liquid heating, the external data acquisition control system for measuring metal probe dac value in this example
System uses STM32 microcontrollers.
Using the device of this example, the permeability survey method of carborundum porous ceramics plate sample is carried out, including is walked as follows
Suddenly：
Step 1：Liquid in extraneous liquid container is heated, when temperature reaches 30 degrees Celsius, microcontroller control adds
Hot pin stops heating, enters step 2；When environmental liquids liquid in containers temperature is less than 30 degree of set temperature, microcontroller is automatic
Control heating rod restarts to heat, until reaching required temperature；
Step 2：The drain pipe for closing exhaust chamber, passes through input duct and heat preservation respectively by the liquid in environmental liquids container
Circulating liquid entrance is passed through admission chamber and incubation cavity, and liquid returns to environmental liquids appearance from soak cycles liquid outlet in incubation cavity
Device, the recirculated water in incubation cavity play the insulation effect to liquid in inner cylinder 4；When liquid height reaches the top liquid in admission chamber
When the instruction device of position, microcontroller detects that the top level instruction device output signal changes, and automatically controls stopping to admission chamber
It is passed through liquid；Temperature measuring equipment is used to measure fluid temperature in admission chamber at this time, if the fluid temperature measured is less than required temperature
Degree, then open drain pipe, liquid in inner cylinder is all discharged, measurement of the microcontroller without liquid fall time, return to step
1；If the fluid temperature measured reaches required temperature, 3 are entered step；
Step 3：Drain pipe is opened, liquid is slowly flowed out from drain pipe, when liquid level drops to centre in admission chamber
At position when level instruction device, microcontroller detects that middle position level instruction device output signal changes, and starts timing,
When liquid level drops to bottom level instruction device in admission chamber, microcontroller detects that bottom level instruction device is defeated
Go out signal change, stops timing, obtain drawdown time ti, i expression ith measurement periods；
Step 4：Calculate the permeability B of current measurement cyclei：
Wherein S0For the cavity cross-sectional area of admission chamber, ρ0For fluid density, g is acceleration of gravity, and H is middle position
Level instruction device is to the distance of exhaust chamber bottom, and h is distance of the bottom level instruction device to exhaust chamber bottom, and e is certainly
Right constant, γ are the viscosity of liquid under required temperature, and δ is the thickness of porous material to be measured, and A is the cross section of porous material to be measured
Product；
Step 5：Step 1 is repeated to step 4, after measurement period number reaches the times N of requirement, calculates porous material to be measured
The permeability of material
In the present embodiment, the cavity cross-sectional area S of admission chamber0=196 × 10-6m2, liquid is using pure water, centre position
Locate level instruction device to exhaust chamber bottom distance H=84.5mm, bottom level instruction device to exhaust chamber bottom away from
From h=31mm, viscosity coefficient γ=0.8007 × 10 of 30 degrees Celsius of lower pure water-3PaS, the thickness δ of porous material to be measured
=10 × 10-3M, cross-sectional area A=d of porous material to be measured2=225 × 10-6m2。
By 6 measurement periods, obtain
| Number | ti(s) | Bi(×10-11m2) |
| 1 | 92.73 | 0.767533 |
| 2 | 94.31 | 0.754674 |
| 3 | 90.89 | 0.783071 |
| 4 | 91.56 | 0.777341 |
| 5 | 92.33 | 0.770858 |
| 6 | 94.10 | 0.756358 |
Finally obtain the permeability of porous material to be measured
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art are not departing from the principle of the present invention and objective
In the case of can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of porous material multi- scenarios method permeability survey method, it is characterised in that：The device of use include outer barrel, inner cylinder,
End cap；For inner tube installation in outer barrel, end cap closes inner barrel and outer barrel；
It is incubation cavity between inner cylinder and outer barrel, incubation cavity is by soak cycles liquid inlet and soak cycles liquid outlet and outside
Boundary's liquid container connection；
Porous material to be measured is placed in the mounting table of inner cylinder internal face, and the restrained structure pressure in porous material upper end to be measured
Tightly；The outside wall surface of porous material to be measured is fitted close with inner cylinder internal face；Interior tube inner chamber is divided into be measured more by porous material to be measured
The exhaust chamber below admission chamber and porous material to be measured above Porous materials；
Admission chamber is connected to environmental liquids container by input duct；There is temperature measuring equipment to stretch into admission chamber, temperature measures dress
Fluid temperature in admission chamber can be measured by setting；Also have on admission chamber internal face and is disposed with level instruction device at least three, liquid level
Instruction device is connect with external data acquisition control system；
Exhaust chamber is connected to the external world by drain pipe；
Measurement method includes the following steps：
Step 1：Liquid in extraneous liquid container is heated, when reaching required temperature, stops heating, enters step 2；
When environmental liquids liquid in containers temperature is less than required temperature, restart to heat, until reaching required temperature；
Step 2：The drain pipe for closing exhaust chamber, passes through input duct and soak cycles respectively by the liquid in environmental liquids container
Liquid inlet is passed through admission chamber and incubation cavity, and liquid returns to environmental liquids container from soak cycles liquid outlet in incubation cavity；When
When liquid height meets or exceeds the top level instruction device in admission chamber, stop being passed through liquid to admission chamber；Using temperature
Measuring device measures fluid temperature in admission chamber, if the fluid temperature measured is less than required temperature, drain pipe is opened, by inner cylinder
Middle liquid is all discharged, return to step 1；If the fluid temperature measured reaches required temperature, 3 are entered step；
Step 3：Drain pipe is opened to start to count when liquid level drops to middle position level instruction device in admission chamber
When, when liquid level drops to bottom level instruction device in admission chamber, stops timing, obtain drawdown time ti, i
Indicate ith measurement period；
Step 4：Calculate the permeability B of current measurement cyclei：
Wherein S0For the cavity cross-sectional area of admission chamber, ρ0For fluid density, g is acceleration of gravity, and H is middle position liquid level
Instruction device is to the distance of exhaust chamber bottom, and h is distance of the bottom level instruction device to exhaust chamber bottom, and e is that nature is normal
Number, γ are the viscosity of liquid under required temperature, and δ is the thickness of porous material to be measured, and A is the cross-sectional area of porous material to be measured；
Step 5：It repeats step 1 and calculates porous material to be measured after measurement period number reaches the times N of requirement to step 4
Permeability
2. a kind of porous material multi- scenarios method permeability survey method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The constraint
Structure uses sleeve；Sleeve lower end and porous material upper end to be measured compression fit, sleeve upper end are compressed by sealing ring and end cap
Cooperation；Sleeve outer wall face is fitted close with inner cylinder internal face.
3. a kind of porous material multi- scenarios method permeability survey method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is to be measured porous
Material is cancellous bone sample.
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| CN112964623B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2023-04-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Experimental device for axial permeation of annular tissue engineering scaffold and use method |
| CN116930042B (en) * | 2023-09-19 | 2023-12-01 | 常州建昊建筑鉴定检测有限公司 | Building waterproof material performance detection equipment and method |
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