CN103868838B - Soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system - Google Patents
Soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103868838B CN103868838B CN201410062647.7A CN201410062647A CN103868838B CN 103868838 B CN103868838 B CN 103868838B CN 201410062647 A CN201410062647 A CN 201410062647A CN 103868838 B CN103868838 B CN 103868838B
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- soil
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- penetrating fluid
- filling
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000003204 osmotic Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquids Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000000149 penetrating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acids Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000036975 Permeability coefficient Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chlorides Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 bases Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002906 microbiologic Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reactions Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagrams Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental methods Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reactions Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixtures Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation methods Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002972 spermatoprotective Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering field, relate to a kind of apparatus for measuring permeability coefficient.
Background technology
Darcy's law is the experimental laws of reflection water percolation law in ground hole that French hydraulician darcy was drawn by great many of experiments in 1852 ~ 1855 years, and its expression formula is Q=KFh/L.Wherein, coefficient of permeability K is the important parameter characterizing soil body penetration ability.Therefore, measurement coefficient of permeability K becomes one of laboratory soil test step important in Geotechnical Engineering.At present the measurement of coefficient of permeability K is carried out mainly through conventional darcy flow instrument, and conventional darcy flow instrument cannot the process of osmosis of the soil body under Simulation of Complex environment.
In recent years, the research of the coefficient of permeability K of the soil body under certain complex environment was launched step by step.Gu the patent of invention that application number is 201010277944.5 discloses a kind of porosint stream--Re multi-scenarios method permeability measuring apparatus and measuring method thereof, this patent considers the impact of temperature field on soil body osmotic coefficient; Application number be 201210324287.4 patent of invention disclose a kind of hole medium toxicity bioassay simulating test device and simulation test appraisal procedure, the impact of microorganism on soil body osmotic coefficient of this patent research.But above-mentioned patent once only can study the impact of a kind of complex environment on soil body osmotic coefficient, can not simultaneously study of many complicated environment on the impact of soil body osmotic coefficient.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, object be to provide a kind of can simultaneously study of many complicated environment on the soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system of the impact of soil body osmotic coefficient.
For achieving the above object, solution of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system, comprise: what be filled with soil sample to be measured fills out subsystem, for providing the feed flow subsystem of penetrating fluid to filling out subsystem, for control the soil temperature of soil sample to be measured temperature control subsystem and for measuring the part that is positioned at penetrating fluid upstream side in soil sample to be measured and being positioned at the head measurement mechanism of head difference of part in penetrating fluid downstream, feed flow subsystem comprises the device for storing liquid for storing penetrating fluid, for regulating the regulator of the pressure entering the penetrating fluid filling out subsystem and filling out the speed measuring device of the flow velocity of the penetrating fluid of subsystem for measuring to flow out.
Above-mentioned temperature control subsystem comprises heating chamber, for detecting the temperature sensor of the indoor temperature of heating chamber and regulating and the temperature display controller of real-time display indoor temperature indoor temperature for controlling heating chamber, fills out subsystem and be arranged in heating chamber.
Above-mentioned subsystem of filling out comprises the admission chamber set gradually from bottom to top, load filling out sample chamber and going out sap cavity of soil sample to be measured, the inlet of admission chamber is connected by feed tube with device for storing liquid, admission chamber and fill out between sample chamber and go out sap cavity and fill out between sample chamber and be equipped with corrosion-resistant filter screen, a part in the penetrating fluid that the liquid outlet going out sap cavity is discharged is transported to speed measuring device via mozzle and another part is transported to device for storing liquid via recirculatory pipe, mozzle is provided with the first flow control valve for controlling this mozzle break-make, recirculatory pipe is provided with the second flow control valve for controlling this recirculatory pipe break-make, open when first flow control valve is different with the first flow control valve.Further, above-mentioned device for storing liquid is liquid reserve tank, and the top cover of liquid reserve tank is connected with recirculatory pipe and its bottom is connected with feed tube.Above-mentioned regulator is crane, and this crane is for regulating the height of liquid reserve tank.
Above-mentioned feed flow subsystem also comprises: the feed flow storehouse be connected with liquid reserve tank by run-down pipe and be arranged on the water pump be connected with liquid reserve tank in feed flow storehouse and by feed pipe, and the height of the connectivity part of feed pipe and liquid reserve tank is less than the height of the connectivity part of run-down pipe and liquid reserve tank.
Above-mentioned head measurement mechanism respectively by the first measuring tube and the second measuring tube with fill out sample chamber and be connected, the first measuring tube and the height of the connectivity part of filling out sample chamber are less than the second measuring tube and the height of connectivity part filling out sample chamber.
Above-mentioned penetrating fluid is neutral solution, strong acid solution, strong base solution or the liquid being rich in microorganism.
Owing to adopting such scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
In soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system of the present invention, first, each constituent apparatus forms by the PVC material of acid and alkali resistance and microbiological corrosion, also can normally work under strong acid, highly basic and rich microbial environment; Secondly, the feed flow storehouse that feed flow subsystem adopts and water pump can realize penetrating fluid circulating incessantly in soil sample to be measured, thus simulate long-term seepage environment truly; Again, the regulator that feed flow subsystem adopts can realize the control of the pressure to penetrating fluid, thus simulates plurality of liquid pressure environment truly; Finally, temperature control subsystem can regulate the soil temperature of soil sample to be measured, thus simulate various temperature environment, therefore, soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system can not only simulate single environmental factor, thus can detect the impact of single environment factor on the infiltration coefficient of soil sample to be measured, can also simulate the multiple environmental factor coexisted simultaneously,, thus the joint effect of multiple environmental factor to the infiltration coefficient of soil sample to be measured can be detected simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the formation schematic diagram of the soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral:
Inlet 1, corrosion-resistant filter screen 2, fill out sample chamber 3, first measuring tube 4, discharging tube 5, speed measuring device 6, recirculatory pipe 7, second flow control valve 8, first flow control valve 9, feed flow storehouse 10, water pump 11, feed pipe 12, liquid reserve tank 13, feed tube 14, run-down pipe 15, crane 16, heating chamber 17, temperature inductor 18, temperature display controller 19, second measuring tube 20, soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system 21, admission chamber 22, head measurement mechanism 23, go out sap cavity 24, liquid outlet 25, mozzle 26 and corrosion-resistant filter screen 27.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment
Present embodiments provide and a kind ofly can simulate multiple environment simultaneously and the soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system of the infiltration coefficient of the soil body under the combined influence of these environment can be measured.This soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system comprises fills out subsystem, feed flow subsystem, temperature control subsystem and head measurement mechanism etc.
As shown in Figure 1, fill out subsystem for loading soil sample to be measured and providing osmotic condition for soil sample to be measured, comprise set gradually from bottom to top admission chamber 22, fill out sample chamber 3 and go out sap cavity 24.Admission chamber 22 is positioned at the bottom filling out subsystem, for receiving the penetrating fluid with certain pressure that feed flow subsystem provides.Fill out the top that sample chamber 3 is positioned at admission chamber 22, profile is cylindric, is filled with soil sample to be measured in it.Admission chamber 22 and fill out between sample chamber 3 and be provided with corrosion-resistant filter screen 2.Go out sap cavity 24 and be positioned at the top filling out sample chamber 3, for discharging the penetrating fluid after soil sample to be measured.Go out sap cavity 24 and fill out between sample chamber 3 and be also provided with corrosion-resistant filter screen 27.Soil sample to be measured is filled between corrosion-resistant filter screen 2 and corrosion-resistant filter screen 27.The penetrating fluid carrying out liquid self-feeding subsystem enters admission chamber 22 from inlet 1, from bottom to top successively through corrosion-resistant filter screen 2, fill out sample chamber 3, corrosion-resistant filter screen 27 and go out sap cavity 24, finally discharged from liquid outlet 25 by discharging tube 5.Black arrow in Fig. 1 represents the flow direction of penetrating fluid.Admission chamber 22, fill out sample chamber 3, go out sap cavity 24, corrosion-resistant filter screen 2 and corrosion-resistant filter screen 27 be by corrosion resistant pvc material (Polyvinylchloridepolymer, PVC) make, the not only corrosion of ability strong acid and highly basic, the also corrosion of ability microorganism.
Temperature control subsystem is used for the temperature soil temperature of soil sample to be measured being heated to needs, comprises heating chamber 17, temperature sensor 18 and temperature display controller 19.Heating chamber 17 is airtight tubular structure, for heating the air in it.Whole subsystem of filling out is arranged in heating chamber 17, is heated by heating chamber 17.Temperature sensor 18 is arranged on the inner bottom of heating chamber 17, for obtaining the real time data of the indoor temperature of heating chamber 17.Temperature display controller 19 communicates to connect with temperature sensor 18 and heating chamber 17 respectively, real time data that temperature sensor 18 sends can not only be obtained and this real time data is shown to user in real time, user can also be allowed to set required temperature and control heating chamber 17 and indoor temperature is heated to required temperature, thus realize the adjustment to soil temperature.
Feed flow subsystem is used for providing penetrating fluid to filling out subsystem, comprises device for storing liquid, regulator, speed measuring device and circulating feeding liquid device.These devices are also made by corrosion resistant pvc material.
Device for storing liquid is used for temporarily storing penetrating fluid, is liquid reserve tank 13 in the present embodiment.The top cover of liquid reserve tank 13 to be connected with discharging tube 5 by recirculatory pipe 7 and its bottom is connected with the inlet 1 of admission chamber 22 by feed tube 14.Penetrating fluid be neutral solution, strong acid solution, strong base solution and be rich in the liquid of microorganism any one.
Regulator enters the pressure of the penetrating fluid filling out subsystem for regulating, be crane 16 in the present embodiment.Crane 16 can lifting or reduce liquid reserve tank 13, when crane 16 lifting liquid reserve tank 13, the pressure entering the penetrating fluid filling out subsystem via feed tube 14 can increase; When crane 16 reduces liquid reserve tank 13, the pressure entering the penetrating fluid filling out subsystem via feed tube 14 can reduce.
Speed measuring device 6 is for measuring the flow velocity flowing out and fill out the penetrating fluid of subsystem.A part from the penetrating fluid that the liquid outlet 25 going out sap cavity 24 is discharged is transported to speed measuring device 6 via mozzle 26, and another part is then transported to liquid reserve tank 13 via recirculatory pipe 7.Mozzle 26 is provided with the first flow control valve 9 for controlling this mozzle 26 break-make, and the second flow control valve 8, first flow control valve 9 that recirculatory pipe 7 is provided with for controlling this recirculatory pipe 7 break-make is opened with during the second flow control valve 8 difference.When needs measure flow velocity, the second flow control valve 8 is closed, and the first flow control valve 9 is opened, and speed measuring device 6 measures the flow velocity flowing out and fill out the penetrating fluid of subsystem.Speed measuring device 6 in the present embodiment adopts beaker to test the speed, and speed-measuring method is known technology.
Circulating feeding liquid device comprises feed flow storehouse 10 and water pump 11.Feed flow storehouse 10 is for collecting the penetrating fluid overflowed from liquid reserve tank 13, and it is connected with liquid reserve tank 13 by run-down pipe 15.Water pump 11 to be arranged in feed flow storehouse 10 and to be connected with liquid reserve tank 13 by feed pipe 12.Feed pipe 12 is less than the height of the connectivity part of run-down pipe 15 and liquid reserve tank 13 with the height of the connectivity part of liquid reserve tank 13, therefore, when the liquid level of penetrating fluid in liquid reserve tank 13 exceedes the height of the connectivity part of run-down pipe 15 and liquid reserve tank 13, the penetrating fluid in liquid reserve tank 13 just flows in feed flow storehouse 10 through run-down pipe 15.
Head measurement mechanism 23 is for measuring in the soil body to be measured the head difference being positioned at penetrating fluid upstream side part He being positioned at penetrating fluid downstream part.Head measurement mechanism 23 is connected with the part being positioned at penetrating fluid upstream side of filling out sample chamber 3 by the first measuring tube 4, and is connected with the part of filling out sample chamber 3 and be positioned at penetrating fluid downstream by the second measuring tube 20.Because penetrating fluid flows from bottom to top in the soil body to be measured, therefore the first measuring tube 4 and the height of the connectivity part of filling out sample chamber 3 are less than the second measuring tube 20 and the height of connectivity part filling out sample chamber 3.
The step using above-mentioned soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system to measure the infiltration coefficient of the soil body to be measured is as described below:
The first step, preparation process: penetrating fluid is loaded feed flow storehouse 10, soil sample to be measured loads fills out sample chamber 3, temperature display controller 19 set temperature required, temperature display controller 19 controls heating chamber 17 and is warming up to preset temperature T, and maintain the constant of this preset temperature T, by crane 16, liquid reserve tank 13 is increased to desired height to regulate permeate pressure to predetermined pressure P.
Second step, initial infiltration coefficient determination step: first close the first flow control valve 9, open the second flow control valve 8, then starting water pump 11 makes penetrating fluid be full of whole soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system, after the head recorded until head measurement mechanism 23 is stable, open the first flow control valve 9, close the second flow control valve 8, calculate V according to speed measuring device 6 1(volume of the penetrating fluid namely flowed out in the unit interval), and on head measurement mechanism 23, read head difference Δ H 1, by Darcy formula K=V 1/ Δ H 1calculate initial infiltration COEFFICIENT K 1.
3rd step, cyclic process: in t, close the first flow control valve 9, open the second flow control valve 8, make penetrating fluid under the effect of water pump 11, by feed flow storehouse 10 through feed pipe 12, liquid reserve tank 13, feed tube 14, inlet 1, soil sample to be measured, liquid outlet 25, recirculatory pipe 7, liquid reserve tank 13, run-down pipe 15, be circulated back to feed flow storehouse 10.In this process, the condition such as liquid property, pressure of temperature, penetrating fluid all remains unchanged, and each element keeps normal work.
The determination step of the 4th step, infiltration coefficient: during t, repeats second step, calculates the coefficient of permeability K of soil sample to be measured during t t, calculate Δ K=K 1-K t.It is that the coupling environment such as the stable circulation seepage flow condition of t, predetermined liquid property are on the impact of soil body osmotic coefficient that Δ K is at predetermined pressure P, preset temperature T, duration.
Soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system in the present embodiment has the following advantages:
First, each component devices of this soil body permeability coefficient measuring system is by the PVC material composition of acid and alkali resistance and microbiological corrosion, also normally can work under the environment of strong acid, highly basic or rich microorganism, thus the seepage state of the soil body under true environment can be simulated truly.
Secondly, penetrating fluid can be transported to liquid reserve tank from feed flow storehouse by the water pump of this soil body permeability coefficient measuring system, through soil sample to be measured, and is transmitted back to liquid reserve tank through recirculatory pipe, penetrating fluid can be realized circulate incessantly, thus simulate the long-term residing circulation seepage environment of the soil body truly.
Again, in this soil body permeability coefficient measuring system, liquid reserve tank is installed on crane, can change height on crane, thus realizes the control to permeate pressure, and then simulates the plurality of liquid pressure environment residing for the soil body truly.
Finally, this soil body permeability coefficient measuring system is provided with temperature control subsystem, is detected the temperature value of heating chamber, and carry out real time temperature control to it by built-in temperature sensor, make the temperature that soil temperature remains required, thus simulate the various temperature environment residing for the soil body.
In a word, the soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system of the present embodiment can go out the multiple environmental factor coexisted by real simulation simultaneously, can detect multiple environmental factor such as strong acid or highly basic, rich microorganism, temperature field, stress field to the joint effect of the infiltration coefficient of the soil body simultaneously.
Above-mentioned is can understand for ease of those skilled in the art and use the present invention to the description of embodiment.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various amendment to these embodiments, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and need not through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art, according to announcement of the present invention, do not depart from improvement that scope makes and amendment all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410062647.7A CN103868838B (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-02-24 | Soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system |
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| CN201410062647.7A CN103868838B (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-02-24 | Soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104535413B (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2017-03-29 | 中南大学 | A kind of seepage field temperature field simulation coupling material bin and TBM cutting test platforms |
| CN106290100B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2018-12-25 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of soil body biology consolidates non-disturbance permeability and intensity detection experimental rig |
| CN105547955B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-05-08 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of native permanent current speed infiltration blocking test method |
| CN105866001B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2018-08-07 | 三峡大学 | A kind of Rock And Soil osmotic coefficient investigating device and method based on water base fluorescer dilution method |
| CN107631972B (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-09-27 | 同济大学 | A kind of experimental system that graphene particles are permeated in GCL |
| CN108037055B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-12-27 | 同济大学 | Soil sample original state improvement and permeability test system |
| CN110146395A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-20 | 浙江大学 | A kind of laboratory testing rig measuring multilayer soil sample seepage inflow erosion characteristic under pressure in situ |
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| CN1737530A (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2006-02-22 | 上海市政工程设计研究院 | Method for testing permeability coefficient and anti-pervasion gradient ratio |
| CN101738360A (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2010-06-16 | 同济大学 | Time domain reflection unsaturated permeameter and method for measuring unsaturated permeability coefficient |
| CN201926607U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-08-10 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Seepage deformation tester |
| CN102221600A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-10-19 | 同济大学 | Expansion force and saturated permeation multifunctional tester |
| CN102980842A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-20 | 重庆交通大学 | System and method for testing anisotropy permeability coefficient of layered coarse-grained soil body |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101307297B1 (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Apparatus for measuring hydraulic properties of rock sample |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1737530A (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2006-02-22 | 上海市政工程设计研究院 | Method for testing permeability coefficient and anti-pervasion gradient ratio |
| CN101738360A (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2010-06-16 | 同济大学 | Time domain reflection unsaturated permeameter and method for measuring unsaturated permeability coefficient |
| CN201926607U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-08-10 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Seepage deformation tester |
| CN102221600A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-10-19 | 同济大学 | Expansion force and saturated permeation multifunctional tester |
| CN102980842A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-20 | 重庆交通大学 | System and method for testing anisotropy permeability coefficient of layered coarse-grained soil body |
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