CN105784424A - Dry and wet deposition automatic sampler for sand source areas - Google Patents
Dry and wet deposition automatic sampler for sand source areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN105784424A CN105784424A CN201610324106.6A CN201610324106A CN105784424A CN 105784424 A CN105784424 A CN 105784424A CN 201610324106 A CN201610324106 A CN 201610324106A CN 105784424 A CN105784424 A CN 105784424A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a dry and wet deposition automatic sampler for sand source areas. The automatic sampler comprises a base, wherein a dry deposition sampling bucket and a wet deposition sampling bucket are fixed at the upper end of the base, the base is provided with a solar panel, a storage battery and a rainfall sensor, the solar panel is electrically connected with the storage battery, the storage battery is electrically connected with the rainfall sensor (rain and snow sensor), the dry deposition sampling bucket and the wet deposition sampling bucket are arranged side by side with the inlets of the two buckets located in the same horizontal plane, a cover plate capable of rotating around a rotation shaft in the horizontal plane is arranged at the inlets, the rotation shaft of the cover plate is connected with a motor arranged on the base, and the motor, the storage battery and the rainfall sensor are electrically connected with a PLC respectively. The dry and wet deposition automatic sampler for sand source areas can be used in sand source areas for a long time, is low in cost and easy to maintain, solves the problem that dry and wet deposition samplers in the prior art are large in size and inconvenient to carry and automatic control equipment has large power consumption, and can still be used in harsh environments with drought, little rainfall and windy weather.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to enviromental monitoring equipment field, particularly to a kind of husky source region dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler.
Background technology
The important monitoring project of dried wet deposition Wu Shi China radiation environmental monitoring regulation and standard regulation in air, (environment-development [2012] 16), field precipitum collection is to realize radiometric committed step.Wherein atmospheric falling dust refers to when air ambient, by gravity natural subsidence particulate matter in dust cylinder.Dry deposition refers to the process that the various particles being suspended in air settle with himself end speed；Wet deposition refers to the process that the various particles being suspended in air settle owing to precipitation washes away.Current dried wet deposition sampler mainly includes precipitation induction apparatus, precipitation collection device and the parts such as depositing dust collection device, control system.
Dried wet deposition sampler conventional at present includes harvester, lower harvester, fluid level control device etc., water tank, heater and insulation pipe network etc. can also be included, upper and lower harvester and valve is utilized to make precipitation and depositing dust collecting unit integrate, wet method is adopted to gather depositing dust, and use rotating sprinklers and depositing dust brush regularly depositing dust sample to be cleared up, utilize Floating Ball Liquid Level device that the liquid level in lower harvester is sensed, as the judgement of precipitation condition.Dried wet deposition not easily separately gathers, do not fully take into account the depositing dust impact by strong wind factor, additionally, wet method gathers depositing dust, if not sampling ethylene glycol for the area time length that evaporation capacity is big and distilled water all can evaporating dry, and ethylene glycol can produce impact for the monitoring of some chemical index in depositing dust.
It addition, in prior art, conventional field its structure of precipitation dustfall sampler also having includes gathering bucket, collection bucket side frame, slide plate, device of solar generating, solar water heater, precipitation sensing device, controlling device and precipitation storage device.Gathering has depositing dust collection plate that collection bucket is divided into upper and lower two parts in the middle part of bucket, gather bucket bung and have slide plate, when precipitation, snowfall, control device and control slide plate closedown collection bung, snow water after rainwater or thawing flows into precipitation storage device by slide plate guide face, when precipitation, snowfall stop, controlling device control slide plate and open collection bung, depositing dust drops on depositing dust collection plate.And when cold drought-hit area winter (-40 DEG C) snowfall, if device of solar generating does not take Insulation to be likely to freezing can not use, precipitation sensor low temperature tolerance ability is also poor simultaneously.
Due to husky source region there is special geographical position and geographical environment makes the climate characteristic main manifestations of this area to be: spring temperature rises sharply, drought, many strong wind weathers；Summer very brief warm, precipitation concentrate；Autumn air temperature falls sharply, and frost in autumn is come ahead of time；Winter very long severe cold, many Cold Wave Weather.Husky source region Sand Flow Transportation shifting amount is big, and sand and sandstorm weather frequently occur, and rainfall is relatively fewer and evaporation capacity big, is affected by local climate feature and environmental characteristic, and dried wet deposition has Regional Distribution Characteristics significantly.Therefore, designing and a kind of be suitable under the special environment condition of sand source region, North China using, collecting effect is good, highly reliable, simple to operate and cost is low, the dried wet deposition sampler of easy care is necessary.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of, easy care low at husky source region life-time service, cost to disclosure satisfy that in environmental area scientific research the dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler to dried wet deposition sampling request, the dry and wet dustfall sampler volume that can solve to exist in prior art is big, carry inconvenience, automatic control equipment power consumption is big, and do not consider the problem that sampler still needs to effectively use in drought, the adverse circumstances of many strong wind weathers.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of husky source region dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, including pedestal, the upper end of described pedestal is fixed with dry deposition sampling tank and wet deposition sampling tank, pedestal is additionally provided with solar panel, accumulator and precipitation sensor, described solar panel is connected with storage battery, and described accumulator is additionally provided with the charge port being supplied electricity to its charging by city；Described dry deposition sampling tank and wet deposition sampling tank are arranged side by side, their entrance is positioned in same level, the cover plate that can rotate in horizontal plane it is provided with around its rotating shaft in its porch, the rotating shaft of described cover plate couples with the motor shaft being located on pedestal, described motor is connected with storage battery, and motor, accumulator and precipitation sensor electrically connect with PLC respectively.
Preferably, described solar panel is located on the side of pedestal by the side stand of bar shaped, together with being hinged at of the upper end of described solar panel and pedestal, the lower end of solar panel is hinged with side stand, described side stand is longitudinally provided with multiple screwed hole along side stand, pedestal also is provided with the screwed hole corresponding with the screw on side stand simultaneously, is bolted between side stand and pedestal side；Described solar panel is provided with the snow of scraping being connected with PLC and storage battery brush.
It is preferred that described accumulator is silica-gel accumulator.
Preferably, the lower surface rotating end that described cover plate is relative with its rotating shaft is provided with slide block, the arc Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove mating described slide block when cover plate rotates it is provided with between described dry deposition sampling tank and wet deposition sampling tank bung, described slide block is connected in described Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove, and is slidably connected with Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove；The groove type purge passage that the multiple tracks that is provided with described Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove intersects with it.
It is preferred that described wet deposition sampling tank includes staving, and being arranged at the sampling bottle in staving, the bottleneck of described sampling bottle is coupled by mozzle the funnel-form lid being placed on bowl opening, described funnel-form lid concave upright；The outer surface of described wet deposition sampling tank is also enclosed with the heater electrically connected with accumulator and PLC.
It is preferred that described heater includes coiling the insulation material adding heat pipe and adding outside heat pipe described in being wrapped in wet deposition sampling tank outer surface, wherein adding heat pipe and electrically connect by controlling switch one with accumulator, described control switch one electrically connects with PLC；Described heater also includes the temperature sensor one electrically connected with PLC.
It is preferred that the entrance periphery of described dry deposition sampling tank is provided with and multiple avoids rainwater accumulation and flow into dry deposition sampling tank lead rain hole.
It is preferred that be additionally provided with the electrostatic dust absorption device improving dry depositing dust collecting amount in described dry deposition sampling tank, this electrostatic dust absorption device is ramp type electrostatic dust absorption device, and it includes the bar shaped dust-catching board with same tilt degree one group transversely arranged.
It is preferred that the surface of described precipitation sensor is provided with the attemperator electrically connected with accumulator and PLC；Described attemperator includes coiling in the heating wire of precipitation sensor outer surface and is wrapped in the insulation material outside precipitation sensor and heating wire, and wherein heating wire electrically connect by controlling switch two with accumulator, controls to switch two and electrically connects with PLC；Described attemperator also includes the temperature sensor two electrically connected with PLC.
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler of a kind of husky source region, it possesses following advantage:
1, apparatus of the present invention are cheap, and power consumption is little and easily manufactures, and the simple cost of later maintenance is low；
2, solar energy and the double; two power mode of civil power is adopted to power, it is ensured that property is high, not by the restriction of place to use；
3, electrostatic dust absorption device can be effectively improved the collecting amount of dry depositing dust；
4, equipment adopts rotatable cover plate to add Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove, and it is little that itself takies volume, lightweight, can resist the impact of wind-force effect preferably；
5, each ingredient all adopts detachable, it is simple to carries and installs；
6, it is suitable under the environmental conditions such as the windy low temperature in husky source region to use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a kind of husky source region provided by the invention dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler；
Fig. 2 is wet deposition sampling tank internal structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is rotation cover structural representation；
Fig. 4 is Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove structural representation；
Fig. 5 is dry deposition bucket generalized section；
Fig. 6 is PLC workflow diagram；
The overall electrical that Fig. 7 is the present invention connects block diagram.
Description of reference numerals:
1, dry deposition sampling tank；2, wet deposition sampling tank；3, precipitation sensor；4, motor；5, PLC；6, accumulator；7, mozzle；8, solar panel；9, electrostatic dust absorption device；10, funnel-form lid；11, sampling bottle；12, cover plate；13, pedestal；14, side stand；15, Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove；16, purge passage；9-1, bar shaped dust-catching board；12-1, rotating shaft.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not by the restriction of detailed description of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, the invention provides a kind of husky source region dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, including pedestal 13, the upper end of described pedestal 13 is fixed with dry deposition sampling tank 1 and wet deposition sampling tank 2, and pedestal 13 is additionally provided with solar panel 8, accumulator 6, PLC 5 and precipitation sensor 3；Described solar panel 8 electrically connects with accumulator 6, described accumulator 6 is additionally provided with the charge port being supplied electricity to its charging by city, during depletion of YANG light, photovoltaic charged state is after the switching circuit switching of auxiliary, pass through charger, the commercial power interface of accumulator being electrically connected with city and can carry out commercial power charged, the switching circuit wherein switched between photovoltaic charged and commercial power charged is prior art circuits, repeats no more herein；Described dry deposition sampling tank 1 and wet deposition sampling tank 2 are arranged side by side, their entrance is positioned in same level, the cover plate 12 that can rotate in horizontal plane it is provided with around its rotating shaft in its porch, the rotating shaft of described cover plate 12 couples with motor 4 axle being located on pedestal 13, described motor 4 electrically connects with accumulator 6, and motor 4, accumulator 6 and precipitation sensor 3 electrically connect with PLC 5 respectively.Described PLC 5 controls whole system coordination, the signal that PLC is fed back according to precipitation sensor, to motor driver information, thus drive motor rotates, and drives cover plate to rotate, closes dry deposition sampling tank, open wet deposition sampling tank.In the present embodiment, the PLC type number of PLC is specially OMRONCP1E-N20DR-D；Fig. 6 is PLC workflow diagram.Wherein, PLC (programmable logic controller (PLC)) is a kind of employing one class programmable memory, for its internally stored program, perform logical operations, sequential control, regularly, counting and the user oriented instruction such as arithmetical operation, and by numeral or analog pattern input/output various types of machineries of control or production process.The present invention is except dry deposition sampling tank 1, wet deposition sampling tank 2 and be not except bolt is connected between pedestal, and all the other each several parts of equipment are mainly with bolts, and each several part of equipment all can assemble by realizing self disassembling, easy to carry.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, described solar panel 8 is located on the side of pedestal 13 by side stand 14, together with being hinged at of the upper end of described solar panel 8 and pedestal 13, the lower end of solar panel 8 is hinged with side stand 14, described side stand 14 is longitudinally provided with along side stand multiple screwed hole, pedestal 13 also is provided with the screwed hole corresponding with the screw on side stand simultaneously, is bolted between side stand 14 and pedestal 13 side；Be connected with the screwed hole on pedestal by screwed holes different on side stand, then the different angles that can realize side stand are arranged, thus the different angles also achieving solar panel are arranged；Therefore, the side stand at described solar panel 8 place can according to sun-exposed practical situation manual adjustment angle of inclination, sampling location.The quantity of solar panel 8 is specially 2, described solar panel 8 is provided with and scrapes snow brush device with PLC 5 and accumulator 6 electrically connect.Can control to scrape the snowfall on snow brush cleaning solar panel or dust by PLC.The keying that PLC is responsible in automated procedure all switches, by appointment requirement action.
Further, described accumulator is silica-gel accumulator.
Further, the lower surface rotating end that described cover plate 12 is relative with its rotating shaft is provided with slide block, the arc Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove 15 mating described slide block when cover plate 12 rotates it is provided with between described dry deposition sampling tank 1 and wet deposition sampling tank 2 bung, described slide block is connected in described Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove 15, and is slidably connected with Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove 15；The groove type purge passage 16 that the multiple tracks that is provided with described Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove 15 intersects with it.The structure of Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove is trade shape, coordinates worm-gear speed reducer simultaneously.It is specifically shown in accompanying drawing 4, Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove is the orbit Design moved along cover plate, prevent cover plate deviation or thrown by strong wind, and the purge passage groove that draw-in groove both sides are arranged at a certain distance, the dust in arc Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove and sand grains can being made when skid or wind to send into purge passage, and then be blown to four winds, purge passage extends far enough, so that this kind of sediment is away from Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove, it is prevented that dust storm enters draw-in groove and stops the rotation of cover plate.The motor being connected with plate shaft is specially motor, and motor can provide the locking function of cover plate after shutting down.
Further, described wet deposition sampling tank 2 includes staving, and is arranged at the sampling bottle 11 in staving, and the bottleneck of described sampling bottle 11 is coupled by mozzle 7 the funnel-form lid 10 being placed on bowl opening, described funnel-form lid 10 concave upright；Described funnel-form lid 10 is made for rustless steel；The outer surface of described wet deposition sampling tank 2 is also enclosed with the heater electrically connected with accumulator 6 and PLC 5.
Further, described heater includes coiling the insulation material adding heat pipe and adding outside heat pipe described in being wrapped in wet deposition sampling tank 2 outer surface, wherein adding heat pipe to electrically connect by controlling switch one with accumulator 6, described control switch one electrically connects with PLC；Described heater also includes the temperature sensor one electrically connected with PLC 5.When temperature sensor one detects temperature lower than setting value, PLC receives this signal value, thus starting control switch one to adding heat pipes heat, making the temperature in wet deposition sampling tank rise to the temperature value of requirement, when the temperature value in bucket rises to design temperature, PLC receives the temperature data that sensor one sends, thus closing control switch one, stop heating, when temperature is lower than setting value, be again started up heating devices heat.So repeatedly, reached wet deposition sampling tank is carried out the effect of constant temperature.
Further, the entrance periphery of described dry deposition sampling tank 1 is provided with multiple avoids rainwater accumulation and flow into dry deposition sampling tank 1 lead rain hole, leading rain hole is an aperture leading to outside bucket being mounted on dry deposition sampling tank bung periphery, it is prevented that bucket enters in bucket along neighbouring rainwater.
Further, being additionally provided with the electrostatic dust absorption device 9 improving dry depositing dust collecting amount in described dry deposition sampling tank 1, this electrostatic dust absorption device 9 is ramp type electrostatic dust absorption device 9, and it includes the bar shaped dust-catching board 9-1 with same tilt degree one group transversely arranged.The similar shutter shape of arrangement mode, referring specifically to Fig. 5.
Further, described precipitation sensor 3, i.e. sleet sensor, it is possible to whether rainfall or snowfall being detected, the surface of precipitation sensor 3 is provided with the attemperator electrically connected with accumulator 6 and PLC 5；Described attemperator includes coiling in the heating wire of precipitation sensor 3 outer surface and is wrapped in the insulation material outside precipitation sensor 3 and heating wire, and wherein heating wire electrically connect by controlling switch two with accumulator 6, controls to switch two and electrically connects with PLC 5；Described attemperator also includes the temperature sensor two electrically connected with PLC 5.When temperature sensor two detects temperature lower than setting value, PLC receives this temperature signal value that sensor two transmits, thus starting control switch two to electric-heating-wire-heating, the temperature making precipitation sensor rises to the temperature value of requirement, and when temperature value rises to design temperature, PLC receives the temperature data that sensor two sends, thus closing control switch two, stop heating, when temperature is lower than setting value, be again started up attemperator heating.So repeatedly, the effect that precipitation sensor is incubated has been reached.
Fig. 6 is PLC workflow diagram；The overall electrical that Fig. 7 is the present invention connects block diagram.
In sum, a kind of husky source region provided by the present invention dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler mainly includes advantages below:
1, adopting two dried wet deposition sampling tanks to share the design of a cover plate, cover plate is lightweight, and the anglec of rotation is little, and has locking function by motor, and the setting of Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove fully takes into account the interference in cover plate rotary course by strong wind.
2, arranging sampling bottle in wet deposition sampling tank, top arranges a funnel shaped stainless steel cover, a piece mozzle of middle connection, and device seals very well, it is to avoid collect the impact that during rainwater, evaporation capacity is big in arid area；Snowfall timer peripheral hardware is incubated, to internal heating cycle.
3, dry deposition sampling tank top pail wall is provided around leading rain hole, it is to avoid around cover plate, residual rainwater enters collection container affects the collection of dry deposition sample；Inside set one group of ramp type electrostatic dust absorption device, it is to avoid come into the depositing dust " secondary plays dirt " of container, and escape from container.
4, automatic control system adopts dual power mode, solar recharging both can be used can also to use civil power, conveniently use in the wild.
5, adopt PLC to be controlled, relevant parameter can be changed according to user's request, adjust movement time；Precipitation sensor surface adds attemperator, it is ensured that use under cold cryogenic conditions.
6, solar panels can regulate angle of inclination according to the sun-exposed practical situation in sampling location；Solar panels are provided with simultaneously and scrape snow brush, it is to avoid impact on solar energy equipment efficiency after Winter Snow.
The several specific embodiments being only the present invention disclosed above, but, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a husky source region dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, including pedestal (13), the upper end of described pedestal (13) is fixed with dry deposition sampling tank (1) and wet deposition sampling tank (2), pedestal (13) is additionally provided with solar panel (8), accumulator (6) and precipitation sensor (3), it is characterized in that, described solar panel (8) electrically connects with accumulator (6), and described accumulator (6) is additionally provided with the charge port being supplied electricity to its charging by city；Described dry deposition sampling tank (1) and wet deposition sampling tank (2) are arranged side by side, their entrance is positioned in same level, the cover plate (12) that can rotate in horizontal plane it is provided with around its rotating shaft in its porch, the rotating shaft of described cover plate (12) couples with motor (4) axle being located on pedestal (13), described motor (4) electrically connects with accumulator (6), and motor (4), accumulator (6) and precipitation sensor (3) electrically connect with PLC (5) respectively.
2. a kind of husky source region as claimed in claim 1 dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, it is characterized in that, described solar panel (8) is located on the side of pedestal (13) by the side stand (14) of bar shaped, together with being hinged at of the upper end of described solar panel (8) and pedestal (13), the lower end of solar panel (8) is hinged with side stand (14), described side stand (14) is longitudinally provided with multiple screwed hole along side stand, pedestal (13) also is provided with the screwed hole corresponding with the screw on side stand simultaneously, it is bolted between side stand (14) and pedestal (13) side；Described solar panel (8) is provided with the snow of scraping electrically connected with PLC (5) and accumulator (6) brush.
3. a kind of husky source region as claimed in claim 1 dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, it is characterised in that described accumulator is silica-gel accumulator.
4. a kind of husky source region as claimed in claim 1 dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, it is characterized in that, the lower surface rotating end that described cover plate (12) is relative with its rotating shaft is provided with slide block, arc Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove (15) mating described slide block when cover plate (12) rotates it is provided with between described dry deposition sampling tank (1) and wet deposition sampling tank (2) bung, described slide block is connected in described Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove (15), and is slidably connected with Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove (15)；Described Radix Saposhnikoviae draw-in groove (15) is provided with the groove type purge passage (16) that multiple tracks intersects with it.
5. a kind of husky source region as claimed in claim 1 dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, it is characterized in that, described wet deposition sampling tank (2) includes staving, and it is arranged at the sampling bottle (11) in staving, the bottleneck of described sampling bottle (11) is coupled by mozzle (7) the funnel-form lid (10) being placed on bowl opening, described funnel-form lid (10) concave upright；The outer surface of described wet deposition sampling tank (2) is also enclosed with the heater electrically connected with accumulator (6) and PLC (5).
6. a kind of husky source region as claimed in claim 5 dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, it is characterized in that, described heater includes coiling the insulation material adding heat pipe and adding outside heat pipe described in being wrapped in wet deposition sampling tank (2) outer surface, wherein adding heat pipe to electrically connect by controlling switch one with accumulator (6), the described switch one that controls electrically connects with PLC (5)；Described heater also includes the temperature sensor one electrically connected with PLC (5).
7. source region as claimed in claim 1 a kind of husky dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, it is characterised in that the entrance periphery of described dry deposition sampling tank (1) be provided with multiple avoid rainwater accumulation and flow into dry deposition sampling tank (1) lead rain hole.
8. a kind of husky source region as claimed in claim 1 dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, it is characterized in that, the electrostatic dust absorption device (9) improving dry depositing dust collecting amount it is additionally provided with in described dry deposition sampling tank (1), this electrostatic dust absorption device (9) is ramp type electrostatic dust absorption device (9), and it includes the bar shaped dust-catching board (17) with same tilt degree one group transversely arranged.
9. a kind of husky source region as claimed in claim 1 dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler, it is characterised in that the surface of described precipitation sensor (3) is provided with the attemperator electrically connected with accumulator (6) and PLC (5)；Described attemperator includes coiling in the heating wire of precipitation sensor (3) outer surface and is wrapped in the insulation material outside precipitation sensor (3) and heating wire, wherein heating wire electrically connects by controlling switch two with accumulator (6), controls switch two and electrically connects with PLC (5)；Described attemperator also includes the temperature sensor two electrically connected with PLC (5).
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| CN201610324106.6A CN105784424B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | One planting sand source region dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler |
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| CN201610324106.6A CN105784424B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | One planting sand source region dry and wet depositing dust automatic sampler |
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| CN105784424B CN105784424B (en) | 2018-06-08 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105784424B (en) | 2018-06-08 |
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