CN105776438A - Device and method for reducing content of deuterium in water - Google Patents
Device and method for reducing content of deuterium in water Download PDFInfo
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- CN105776438A CN105776438A CN201610077885.4A CN201610077885A CN105776438A CN 105776438 A CN105776438 A CN 105776438A CN 201610077885 A CN201610077885 A CN 201610077885A CN 105776438 A CN105776438 A CN 105776438A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4618—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolyte
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for reducing the content of deuterium in nature water.The device comprises an electrochemical reaction device.The electrochemical reaction device comprises an electrode unit and a power unit electrically connected with the electrode unit.The electrode unit comprises an anode electrode and a cathode electrode and can enable water to produce an electrochemical reaction, .OH free radicals can be produced by the anode electrode, H ions and D ions can be produced by the cathode electrode, H ions can be reunified with .OH free radicals more easily than D ions to form water, D ions can combine and react by themselves to generate deuterium gas to disengage from water, and the content of deuterium in water is reduced.The device and method have the advantages that the content of deuterium in water is reduced by separating out the deuterium gas, and the content of deuterium can be further reduced so that low-deuterium can be formed; the device is simple, easy to control, low in energy consumption, water consumption and extracting cost; necessary mineral substances and microelements for the human body in nature water are kept in water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment reducing deuterium content in Natural Water and reduce the method for deuterium content in Natural Water.
Background technology
Deuterium is the isotope of hydrogen, is the core material of thermofusion reaction.Because of the many neutrons of D-atom core internal ratio protium thus D-atom amount is bigger than protium, be 2.014.Deuterium-oxide is widely present in natural water, neve scenery with hills and waters is 130-135ppm (mass content is 0.013-0.0135%) containing deuterium amount, being 150ppm containing deuterium amount in the natural water of plains region, coastal area amount containing deuterium is slightly higher, is 155ppm near equator and region of the equator.The water lower than 135ppm containing deuterium amount is referred to as low deuterium-oxide DDW or depleted water, proving according to numerous medical researches, low deuterium-oxide has the effect of anticancer growth, is a kind of high-quality healthy drinking water, therefore reducing deuterium content in water, especially the amount containing deuterium in drinking water is highly beneficial to human body.
In existing reduction water, the method for deuterium content or the preparation method of low deuterium-oxide mainly have: freezing method, rectification method, electrolysis and exchange process etc. are several.
Freezing method: utilize the principle that deuterium-oxide is different from protium water-ice point, from natural water, deuterium-oxide is isolated by controlling the freezing point of natural water, by isolate deuterium-oxide reduce in water containing deuterium amount, but affected by the many factors such as temperature, air pressure and cause that freezing point control is extremely difficult, water consumption is big, cost is high, therefore is difficult to practical application.
Rectification method: utilize the principle that deuterium-oxide is different from protium water boiling point, by controlling evaporating temperature, the protium water in natural water is evaporated, then the protium water that condensation evaporation falls again is to prepare low deuterium-oxide, this method is universal method in the market, but equipment requirements precision is high, and equipment is complicated, power consumption is big, cost is high, controls difficulty big, and water consumption is big.And this method there is also following deficiency: the low deuterium-oxide produced is low deuterium-oxide after distillation, although there is the advantage of low deuterium but simultaneously by the trace element rectification of the mineral in water and needed by human totally, long-term drink does not have the low deuterium-oxide of mineral and trace element health can be produced harmful effect yet.
Electrolysis: utilizing protium ion be easier on electrode enrichment and be electrolyzed to produce the principle of protium gas, it is widely adopted in producing deuterium-oxide in electricity price lower ground district.The method is that with output protium gas and oxygen, collection protium gas and oxygen and so as to protium water is produced in reaction to electrolysis Natural Water.This equipment requirements precision is also high, and equipment is complicated, and power consumption is big, controls difficulty big, and water consumption is big, and cost is high, not containing mineral and trace element in low deuterium-oxide.
Exchange process: utilize the hydrogen in compound to react and generate the method that hydrogen generates depleted water with oxygen reaction again, because by-product is extremely many and is difficult to meet the requirement of environmental protection, therefore the method is only for industrial circle.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the equipment reducing deuterium content in Natural Water and reduce the method for deuterium content in Natural Water, which overcoming in background technology and reduce in water containing the deficiency existing for deuterium amount.
One of technical scheme adopted that this invention address that its technical problem is:
A kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in water, including electrochemical reaction appts, this electrochemical reaction appts includes electrode unit and the power subsystem of electricity receiving electrode unit, this electrode unit includes anode and negative electrode, and this electrode unit can make water generation electrochemical reaction, can produce OH free radical at anode, H ion and D ion can be produced at negative electrode, H ion ratio D ion is more easy to and reassembles into water with OH free radical so that have the reaction of D ion self assemble generate deuterium and depart from water body, to reduce deuterium content in water.
Among one embodiment: this anode adopts the material of the low analysis oxygen of catalytic, can produce OH free radical and not easily precipitated oxygen at anode；This negative electrode adopts the material of the low liberation of hydrogen of catalytic, can produce H ion and D ion at negative electrode and not easily to precipitate out hydrogen.
Among one embodiment: this anode selects DSA electrode, outer painting precious metal oxide coating electrode, noble metal electrode, alloy electrode or non-metal electrode；
This negative electrode selects the alloy electrode of at least two mixing in titanium, tantalum, niobium, zirconium, vanadium, the electrode of molybdenum or tungsten or titanium, tantalum, niobium, zirconium, vanadium, molybdenum or tungsten.
Among one embodiment: also include body, this body is provided with the runner for flowing through for current, and this electrode unit inserts in the runner of body.
Among one embodiment: also include exhaust apparatus, the outlet of runner connected by this exhaust apparatus, discharges deuterium by exhaust apparatus from water body.
Among one embodiment: also include water receiver, this water receiver connects the discharge outlet of exhaust apparatus.
Among one embodiment: this anode and negative electrode all adopt platy structure and parallel interval, this interval pitch is 0.5mm-5mm.
Among one embodiment: also include timing unit, this timing unit is for controlling the gas being collected from the 1-60 second that electrochemical reaction has started.
Among one embodiment: also include water flow control mechanism, for controlling current, to flow through time of electrode unit be the 1-60 second to water flow control mechanism.
This invention address that the two of the technical scheme adopted of its technical problem are:
The method of deuterium content in the reduction water of the said equipment, including:
Step 1, electrode unit makes water generation electrochemical reaction, can produce OH free radical at anode, can produce H ion and D ion at negative electrode；
Step 2, H ion ratio D ion is more easy to and reassembles into water with OH free radical so that have the reaction of D ion self assemble generate deuterium and precipitate out；
Step 3, makes include the gas of deuterium and depart from water body, to reduce deuterium content in water.
Among one embodiment: in this step 3, only collect from negative electrode precipitates out from electrochemical reaction start the 1-60 second in gas.
Among one embodiment: this step 1 controls current, and to flow through time of electrode unit be the 1-60 second.
The technical program is compared with background technology, and it has the advantage that
Electrode unit can make water generation electrochemical reaction, so that OH free radical can be produced at anode, H ion and D ion can be produced at negative electrode, H ion ratio D ion is more easy to and reassembles into water with OH free radical, the reaction of D ion self assemble has been made to generate deuterium and precipitate out, by precipitating out deuterium gas, the deuterium content in water body is reduced, low deuterium-oxide can be further reduced to, equipment is simple, easily-controllable, energy consumption is low, water consumption is low, extraction cost is low, and water body also retains mineral and the trace element of the needed by human carried in Natural Water, a kind of healthy drink water can be prepared.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 reduces the structural representation of the equipment of deuterium content in Natural Water.
Detailed description of the invention
Refer to Fig. 1, a kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in Natural Water, including electrochemical reaction appts 10, body 20, exhaust apparatus 30, water receiver 40.
This body 20, for flowing through for current, is provided with the runner for flowing through for current, as electrolysis bath.The present embodiment is for electrolysis bath but is not limited to electrolysis bath, as long as other structure can flow through or water for current, and can insert by power pole unit, can make electrode unit contact water.This body is made as adopted insulant.
This electrochemical reaction appts 10 includes electrode unit and the power subsystem 11 of electricity receiving electrode unit, and this electrode unit includes anode 12 and negative electrode 13.
This anode 12 adopts the material of high catalytic property low analysis oxygen (having the characteristic that overpotential for oxygen evolution is high), the low analysis oxygen of this high catalytic property to refer to have the ability generating eelctro-catalyst with can from OH-Capturing 1 electronics to make it generate to be difficult to be reduced into the OH free radical that oxygen escapes, therefore electrolysis Natural Water can make anode 12 surrounding enrichment OH free radical.This negative electrode 13 adopts the material of the low liberation of hydrogen of high catalytic property, and the low liberation of hydrogen of this high catalytic property refers to and can adsorb in electrolytic process or be enriched with H+Making it be difficult to be reduced into hydrogen to escape, therefore electrolysis Natural Water can make negative electrode 13 ambient absorption or enrichment H ion and D ion.
This anode 12 is as selected DSA electrode, outer painting precious metal oxide coating electrode, noble metal electrode, alloy electrode or non-metal electrode；This outer painting precious metal oxide coating electrode such as Ti, Ru, Ir, Sn, Pt, Pd oxide coating electrode, concrete such as titanio Pt oxide coating electrode, titanio Pd oxide coating electrode etc.；The noble metal electrodes such as this noble metal electrode such as Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru；This non-metal electrode is carbon, graphite electrode such as.Above-mentioned enumerating is not intended to limit the electrode that anode 12 adopts, as long as the electrode as required with electrocatalysis characteristic (can produce OH-hydroxyl radical free radical) all can be set to anode.
This negative electrode 13 is as selected Ti electrode, tantalum electrode, niobium electrode, zirconium electrode, vanadium electrode, molybdenum electrode or tungsten electrode, and this is enumerated and is not intended to limit the electrode that negative electrode 13 adopts, as long as the low liberation of hydrogen material of high catalytic property is made as required.
This power subsystem 11 adopts direct-current switch power supply, but is not limited to direct-current switch power supply, and other is also applicable in the present invention such as DC sources such as pulse dc power, all-wave silicon commutating power supplies.
The electrode of this anode 12 and negative electrode 13 all adopts panel construction and arranged in parallel between electrode and electrode, to improve precipitation deuterium efficiency.This panel construction is as surface plate, cambered plate, curved slab etc..This anode and the alternately arranged layout of negative electrode, it is all positioned opposite for making anode and negative electrode, this anode 12 and negative electrode 14 interval pitch are 0.5mm-5mm, preferably with 0.5mm-3mm, but it is not limited to this distance, certain electrode is also not necessarily limited to plane, and electrode arrangement is also not necessarily limited to arranged in parallel, as long as natural water current are from flowing through between anode and negative electrode and electrochemical reaction occurring.
The anode 12 of this electrode unit and negative electrode 13 insert in the current of runner of body 20, as anode 12 and negative electrode 13 opposing abuts against body 20 inwall respectively to face, water flow energy is made to flow through through between anode and negative electrode and electrochemical reaction occurs, so that OH free radical can be produced at anode 12 and to be enriched with around anode 12, H ion and D ion can be produced at negative electrode 13 and be enriched with around negative electrode 13.
Because H ion (protium ion) in negative electrode 13 enrichment absorption and is not easily reduced effusion, OH free radical is in anode 12 enrichment absorption and is not easily precipitated oxygen, therefore this provides sufficient condition for the two recombining reaction so that H ion and OH free radical can form rapidly light water.Because D ion (deuterium ion) quality is the twice of protium mass of ion, deuterium ion speed of separating out is made to be slower than protium elemental release speed, make the ability of the OH ion that deuterium ion fights for lower than protium ion, make H ion ratio D ion be more easy to and reassemble into water with OH free radical, and because of D ion (deuterium ion) also in negative electrode 13 enrichment absorption, therefore the deuterium ion of enrichment self assemble reaction can generate D2 (deuterium) and precipitate out from negative electrode, bubbing departs from water body and namely constitutes the gas containing deuterium, this gas also can be mixed with the hydrogen of precipitation, oxygen, depart from the water body after gas, reduce deuterium content in water, low deuterium-oxide can be prepared.
This exhaust apparatus 30 connector body 20 is for discharging the gas precipitated out in water, its structure is as included shell 31 and a filter membrane air-stopper 32 being packed in shell 31, this shell 31 is connected to the outlet of body 20 by pipeline, and this shell 31 top is provided with air vent, and this shell 31 bottom is provided with discharge outlet.Should flowing through filter membrane air-stopper 32 from the water that the outlet of body 20 is discharged, and make the gas in water depart from by filter membrane air-stopper 32 and gas goes out to discharge from air vent, the water having discharged gas is discharged through discharge outlet, has reduced deuterium content in this water body.Among the present embodiment, this exhaust apparatus 30 adopts filter membrane air-stopper 32 structure, can realize aqueous vapor separate as long as may be used without other structure as required.This water receiver 40 connects the discharge outlet of exhaust apparatus 30.The present embodiment is to arrange water receiver, but also can not set water receiver as required, as being directly located in water route, this device is made to constitute the part in water route, pass through the current in water route and all play the effect reduced containing deuterium amount, this water receiver also can directly be set to device as required, is inserted by electrode unit in water receiver by precipitating out deuterium realization reduction deuterium content effect.
As required, may also include timing unit, this timing unit is for controlling the gas being collected from the 1-60 second that electrochemical reaction has started, as included a valve being arranged on the air vent of extraction element, this timing unit controls valve and is in open mode within the 1-60 second that electrochemical reaction has started, and all the other time closes.Certainly, this timing unit also can connect power subsystem by electricity, closes power supply for controlling power subsystem after the 1-60 second that electrochemical reaction has started.Or, as required, also including water flow control mechanism, for controlling current, to flow through time of electrode unit be the 1-60 second to water flow control mechanism.
In the present embodiment, every square metre of electric current density adopts 3-20 peace, but is not limited to this electric current density, because any electric current density all can produce deuterium, and simply efficiency difference.
Reduce the method for deuterium content in water, including:
Step 1, electrode unit makes water generation electrochemical reaction, can produce OH free radical at anode, can produce H ion and D ion at negative electrode；
Step 2, H ion ratio D ion is more easy to and reassembles into water with OH free radical so that have the reaction of D ion self assemble generate deuterium and precipitate out；
Step 3, makes the gas including deuterium flow through exhaust apparatus so that the gas in water body is overflowed, and the water body of emergent gas reduces deuterium content in water.
As being used for filling in the device of water, then collect from negative electrode precipitates out from electrochemical reaction start the 1-60 second in gas or control the electro-catalysis time in the 1-60 second.As being used for flowing through in the device of electrode unit: this step 1 controls current, and to flow through time of electrode unit be the 1-60 second.Above-mentioned time optimal is the 5-60 second.
Electrochemical reaction leading portion (in the short time of initial period) had both completed the reaction precipitating out deuterium and had reached as high as more than 85%, just analysis (hydrogen) (protium) phase is entered afterwards, deuterium and protium gas eutectoid, but deuterium content ratio tends to 0, within in the present embodiment the response time is about 60 seconds, but it is not limited to this response time.
The above, be only present pre-ferred embodiments, therefore can not limit scope of the invention process according to this, and the equivalence namely made according to the scope of the claims of the present invention and description changes and modifies, and all should still belong in the scope that the present invention contains.
Claims (12)
1. one kind is reduced the equipment of deuterium content in water, it is characterized in that: include electrochemical reaction appts, this electrochemical reaction appts includes electrode unit and the power subsystem of electricity receiving electrode unit, this electrode unit includes anode and negative electrode, this electrode unit can make water generation electrochemical reaction, so that OH free radical can be produced at anode, H ion and D ion can be produced at negative electrode, H ion ratio D ion is more easy to and reassembles into water with OH free radical, the reaction of D ion self assemble has been made to generate deuterium and depart from water body, to reduce deuterium content in water.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in water, it is characterised in that: this anode adopts the material of the low analysis oxygen of catalytic, can produce OH free radical and not easily precipitated oxygen at anode；This negative electrode adopts the material of the low liberation of hydrogen of catalytic, can produce H ion and D ion at negative electrode and not easily to precipitate out hydrogen.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in water, it is characterised in that:
This anode selects DSA electrode, outer painting precious metal oxide coating electrode, noble metal electrode, alloy electrode or non-metal electrode；
This negative electrode selects the alloy electrode of at least two mixing in titanium, tantalum, niobium, zirconium, vanadium, the electrode of molybdenum or tungsten or titanium, tantalum, niobium, zirconium, vanadium, molybdenum or tungsten.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in water, it is characterised in that: also including body, this body is provided with the runner for flowing through for current, and this electrode unit inserts in the runner of body.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in water, it is characterised in that: also including exhaust apparatus, the outlet of runner connected by this exhaust apparatus, is discharged the gas including deuterium from water body by exhaust apparatus.
6. according to claim 5 a kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in water, it is characterised in that: also including water receiver, this water receiver connects the discharge outlet of exhaust apparatus.
7. according to claim 1 a kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in water, it is characterised in that: this anode and negative electrode all adopt platy structure and parallel interval, and this interval pitch is 0.5mm-5mm.
8. according to claim 1 a kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in water, it is characterised in that: also including timing unit, this timing unit is for controlling the gas being collected from the 1-60 second that electrochemical reaction has started.
9. according to claim 1 a kind of reduce the equipment of deuterium content in water, it is characterised in that: also including water flow control mechanism, it is the 1-60 second that water flow control mechanism flows through the time of electrode unit for controlling current.
10. the method for deuterium content in the reduction water of equipment any one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that: including:
Step 1, electrode unit makes water generation electrochemical reaction, can produce OH free radical at anode, can produce H ion and D ion at negative electrode；
Step 2, H ion ratio D ion is more easy to and reassembles into water with OH free radical so that have the reaction of D ion self assemble generate deuterium and precipitate out；
Step 3, makes include the gas of deuterium and depart from water body, to reduce deuterium content in water.
11. the method for deuterium content in reduction water according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: in this step 3, only collect from negative electrode precipitates out from electrochemical reaction start the 1-60 second in gas.
12. the method for deuterium content in reduction water according to claim 11, it is characterised in that: this step 1 controls current, and to flow through time of electrode unit be the 1-60 second.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610077885.4A CN105776438A (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2016-02-04 | Device and method for reducing content of deuterium in water |
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| CN201610077885.4A CN105776438A (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2016-02-04 | Device and method for reducing content of deuterium in water |
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| CN105776438A true CN105776438A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
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| CN201610077885.4A Pending CN105776438A (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2016-02-04 | Device and method for reducing content of deuterium in water |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111921345A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-13 | 深圳市瑞麟科技有限公司 | Deuterium gas generator heavy water recovery device |
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| CN202265443U (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-06-06 | 福建方明环保科技有限公司 | Electrocatalytic oxidation device for improving water bodies |
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| US8157980B2 (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2012-04-17 | Nehemia Davidson | Multi-cell dual voltage electrolysis apparatus and method of using same |
| CN101569799A (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2009-11-04 | 上海化工研究院 | Method for producing oxygen-18 gas and deuterium gas by using natural water |
| CN102442717A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 福建方明环保科技有限公司 | Method and device for treating algae in water by electrocatalytic oxidation method |
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