CN105770822A - 一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方 - Google Patents
一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105770822A CN105770822A CN201610233261.7A CN201610233261A CN105770822A CN 105770822 A CN105770822 A CN 105770822A CN 201610233261 A CN201610233261 A CN 201610233261A CN 105770822 A CN105770822 A CN 105770822A
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- radix
- rhizoma
- treating diabetes
- chinese medicine
- diabetes
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及中药领域，特别是一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方。针对现有的西医治疗糖尿病存在的问题，其解决问题的技术方案是，一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方，由重量计的：黄芪90‑100 g，天花粉20‑30g，山药20‑30g，生附子3‑5g，炮附子3‑5g，红参12‑15g，白术12‑15g，干姜15‑20g，生地黄15‑20g，熟地黄15‑20g，山萸肉15‑20g，红花15‑20g，盐补骨脂15‑20g，灵芝15‑20g，茯苓15‑20g，泽泻15‑20g，五味子10‑15g，荔枝核30‑40g，黄连6‑10g，炙甘草45‑50 g制成。本发明充分利用中药组方理论，经过临床验证效果显著，副作用小。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域，特别是一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方。
背景技术
糖尿病是一组由于胰岛素分泌缺陷和/或胰岛素作用障碍所致的以高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病。持续高血糖与长期代谢紊乱等可导致全身组织器官，特别是眼、肾、心血管及神经系统的损害及其功能障碍和衰竭。严重者可引起失水，电解质紊乱和酸碱平衡失调等急性并发症酮症酸中毒和高渗昏迷。
糖尿病的治疗包括糖尿病教育、饮食治疗、运动治疗、药物治疗、血糖监测、以及其他心血管疾病危险因子的检测和控制几个方面。
口服药物主要用于治疗DM2，对于DM2患者而言，其本身胰腺功能已经受损，药物再进入胰腺细胞刺激B细胞分泌胰岛素，这样超负荷工作，只会加速胰腺B细胞的衰竭，最终导致药物治疗失效。此外，药物吸附在肠壁阻止葡萄糖吸收的同时，也阻止了营养物质的吸收，这将直接导致患者营养不良、机体免疫力下降，更易并发其它疾病。由于口服药物只能控制DM2的餐后血糖，对其他时段的血糖控制完全起不到作用，不能将全天24小时血糖控制平稳，所以并不能阻止或延缓并发症的发生。尤其是初发型DM2患者，如果一开始便选择口服药物治疗，不仅血糖控制不好，还失去了最佳的治疗时机。大部分这类DM2患者在长期服药的过程中，不但本身的疾病没得到有效控制，还导致肝脏和肾脏受到不可逆损伤,于是患病不长时间后，他们就不能像正常人一样的生活。
多次皮下注射胰岛素治疗的弊端，每日2-5次定时进行皮下注射，不能完全满足DM患者自身的生理需要，无法应付不可预测的胰岛素需求量，对计划外事件亦不能应付自如；用笔一次注射大量胰岛素后，在皮下易形成“小水池”，胰岛素吸收入血速率不恒定，造成血糖较大的波动，不能将全天24小时血糖控制平稳；(3)不能阻断或减少胰岛素的持续吸收，一旦发生低血糖，就必须额外进食，对血糖控制不利；降糖速度较慢，胰岛素用量大，极易发生意外低血糖；每天注射，患者非常痛苦，也很不方便，并不能提高生活质量。
祖国医学早在公元前两世纪《黄帝内经》就有关糖尿病的论述“属”消渴症范畴，消渴病即消瘦烦渴之意。消渴病的发病机制，以阴虚燥热为主要病机，阴虚为本，燥热为标，两者互为因果，贯穿整个病变过程中。
消渴病分上、中、下三消，指肺、脾胃、肾而言。
上消：肺为五脏之华盖，为水之上源，主输布津液，肺阴虚则津液不能输布，表现口干舌燥，烦渴多饮，舌边尖红，苔薄乏津，脉洪数，主要是肺热炽盛，耗液伤津所致。
中消：脾胃为后天之本，为气血生化之源，胃为水谷之海，脾胃阴虚，则消谷善饥，表现大便干燥，舌红苔黄，脉滑实有力，主要因胃火炽盛所致。
下消：肾为先天之本，主骨生髓摄二阴，肾阴虚，则固摄无权，表现多尿，舌红少苔，脉沉细数。
发明内容
针对现有的西医治疗糖尿病需要长期服药，且血糖容易反复，治疗不彻底的问题，本发明的目的是提供一种治疗糖尿病的中药配方，可有效的治疗糖尿病。
本发明解决上述的技术问题的技术方案是，一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方，由重量计的：黄芪90-100g，天花粉20-30g，山药20-30g，生附子3-5g，炮附子3-5g，红参12-15g，白术12-15g，干姜15-20g，生地黄15-20g，熟地黄15-20g，山萸肉15-20g，红花15-20g，盐补骨脂15-20g，灵芝15-20g，茯苓15-20g，泽泻15-20g，五味子10-15g，荔枝核30-40g，黄连6-10g，炙甘草45-50g制成。
本发明充分利用中药组方理论，所选的药物阴阳双补,活血化瘀,肾水升心火降，分工明确，主次突出，相辅相成在治疗主证的同时兼顾见证，充分体现了中药组方讲究的整体观、协调观，治疗全面，疗效确切，经过临床验证效果显著，副作用小，可以长期服用对糖尿病及由糖尿病导致的其他身体不适效果明显。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的内容作进一步详细说明：
实施例1：
本发明是一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方，由重量计的：黄芪90g，天花粉20g，山药20g，生附子3g，炮附子3g，红参12g，白术12g，干姜15g，生地黄15g，熟地黄15g，山萸肉15g，红花15g，盐补骨脂15g，灵芝15g，茯苓15g，泽泻15g，五味子10g，荔枝核30g，黄连6g，炙甘草45g制成。
实施例2：
一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方，由重量计的：黄芪100g，天花粉30g，山药30g，生附子5g，炮附子5g，红参15g，白术15g，干姜20g，生地黄20g，熟地黄20g，山萸肉20g，红花20g，盐补骨脂20g，灵芝20g，茯苓20g，泽泻20g，五味子15g，荔枝核40g，黄连10g，炙甘草50g制成。
实施例2：
一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方，由重量计的：黄芪95g，天花粉25g，山药25g，生附子4g，炮附子4g，红参13g，白术14g，干姜17g，生地黄17g，熟地黄17g，山萸肉17g，红花17g，盐补骨脂17g，灵芝17g，茯苓17g，泽泻17g，五味子14g，荔枝核35g，黄连8g，炙甘草47g制成。
在上述组分中，其中：
黄芪
性味：甘，微温；
归经：归脾、肺经；
功效：益卫固表，补气升阳，托毒生肌，利水消肿；
主治：用于气虚乏力、食少便溏，中气下陷，久泻脱肛，自汁盗汗，血虚萎黄，阴疽漫肿，气虚水肿，内热消渴。
山药
性味：甘，平；
归经：归脾、肺、肾经；
功效：益气养阴，补益脾肺，补肾固精；
主治：用于脾虚食少、大便溏泄，肺虚咳喘，遗精尿频，阴虚消渴。
天花粉
性味：性寒，味苦、微甘；
归经：归肺、胃经；
功效：清热生津，消肿排脓；
主治：用于热病津伤，口干，消渴，肺热咳嗽，肺燥咳血，热毒疮痈。
生附子
性味：性大热，味辛、味甘，有毒；
归经：入心经、肾经、脾经；
功效：回阳救逆，补火助阳，散寒止痛；
主治：用于亡阳厥逆，肢冷脉微，阳痿宫冷，脘腹冷痛，阴寒水肿，风寒湿痹。附子被称为“回阳救逆第一品”，也就是说，附子是提升阳气的绝佳药材。
炮附子：
性味：性大热，味辛、味甘，有毒；
归经：入心经、肾经、脾经；
功效：回阳救逆，补火助阳，散寒止痛；
主治：用于亡阳厥逆，肢冷脉微，阳痿宫冷，脘腹冷痛，阴寒水肿，风寒湿痹。炮附子以温肾暖脾为主，用于心腹冷痛，虚寒吐泻炮附子偏于温阳,生附子偏于回阳救逆和止疼。
红参
性味：性微温，味甘、微苦；
归经：归脾、肺经；
功效：大补元气，复脉固脱，益气摄血；
主治：用于体虚欲脱，肢冷脉微，气不摄血，崩漏下血;心力衰竭，心原性休克。
白术
性味：性温，味苦、甘；
归经：归脾、胃经；
功效：补气健脾，燥湿利水，止汗，安胎；
主治：用于脾气虚弱，食少便溏，痰饮水肿，表虚自汗，胎动不安。
干姜
性味：性热，味辛；
归经：归脾、胃、肾、心、肺经；
功效：干姜温中散寒，回阳通脉，燥湿消痰；
主治：用于脘腹冷痛，呕吐泄泻，肢冷脉微，痰饮喘咳。
生地黄
性味：性寒，味甘、苦；
归经：归心、肝、肾经；
功效：清热凉血，养阴生津；
主治：用于热病心烦，舌绛，血热吐衄，斑疹紫黑，热病伤阴，消渴多饮。
熟地黄
性味：性微温，味甘；
归经：归肝、肾经；
功效：滋阴补血，益精填髓；
主治：用于肝肾阴虚，腰膝酸软，骨蒸潮热，盗汗遗精，内热消渴，血虚萎黄，心悸怔忡，月经不调，崩漏下血，眩晕，耳鸣，须发早白。
山萸肉
性味：性微温，味酸；
归经：入肝、心、肾三经；
功效：补肝肾，涩精气，固虚脱；
主治：治腰膝酸痛，眩晕，耳鸣，阳痿，遗精，小便频数，肝虚寒热，虚汗不止，心摇脉散。
红花
性味：性温，味辛；
归经：归心、肝经；
功效：活血化瘀，通经；
主治：用于血滞经闭，产后瘀阻，癥瘕积滞，跌打伤痛，麻疹不透。
盐补骨脂
性味：性温，味辛、苦；
归经：归肾、脾经；
功效：温肾助阳，纳气，止泻；
主治：用于阳痿遗精，遗尿尿频，腰膝冷痛，肾虚作喘，五更泄泻；外用治白癜风，斑秃。
灵芝
性味：性平，味甘；
归经：归心、肺、肝、肾经；
功效：补气安神，止咳平喘；
主治：用于眩晕不眠，心悸气短，虚劳咳喘。
茯苓
性味：性平，味甘、淡；
归经：归心、脾、肾经；
功效：利水渗湿，健脾，安神；
主治：用于水肿，泄泻，小便不利，痰饮，心悸，失眠。
泽泻
性味：性寒，味甘、淡；
归经：归肾；膀胱经；
功效：利水渗湿、泄热通淋；
主治：主小便不利、热淋涩痛、水肿胀满、泄泻、痰饮眩晕、遗精。
五味子
性味：性温，味酸；
归经：入肺经、肾经、心经；
功效：敛肺滋肾，生津敛汗，涩精止泻，宁心安神；
主治：用于久咳虚喘，津伤口渴，自汗盗汗，肾虚遗精，脾肾虚泻，心悸失眠。
荔枝核
性味：性温，味甘、微苦；
归经：入肝经、肾经；
功效：行气散结，祛寒止痛；
主治：用于寒疝腹痛，睾丸肿痛。
黄连
性味：性寒，味苦；
归经：归心、脾、胃、肝、胆、大肠经；
功效：清热燥湿，泻火解毒；
主治：湿热痞满，呕吐吞酸，泻痢，黄疸，高热神昏，心火亢盛，心烦不寐，心悸不宁，血热吐衄，目赤，牙痛，消渴，痈肿疗疮；外治湿疹，湿疮，耳道流脓。
炙甘草
性味：性平，味甘；
归经：归心、肺、脾、胃经；
功效：补脾和胃，益气复脉；
主治：用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心动悸，脉结代。
从中药荔枝核中提取分离降血糖的有效部位和对该部位进行化学性质研究：
方法：采用动物实验和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性测定对荔枝核各部位进行活性筛选,采用酚-硫酸等方法对有效部位进行化学性质的研究。
将此物给饥饿22小时的小鼠皮下注射（60-400mg)，可使血糖下降，肝糖元含量亦显著降低。
降血糖：荔枝核干浸膏1.3、2.6mg给四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠灌胃，连续30天，每10天测血糖一次，均表明实验组血糖低于对照组。荔枝核中所含所含-次甲基环丙基甘氨酸给小鼠皮下注射230-400mg，可使血糖从正常的71-103mg/100ml降至35-57mg/100ml。
A-亚甲环丙基甘氨酸给小鼠皮下注射230-400mg，可使血糖从正常的71-103mg/100ml降至57-35mg/100ml。还能对抗鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的诱变作用。
结果:荔枝核95%乙醇提取物对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠具有明显降血糖作用,正丁醇萃取物水不溶部分具有更强的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用,该部位总皂苷含量为46.06%。
结论:荔枝核的乙醇提取物具有明显的降血糖作用,该部位的正丁醇萃取物和正丁醇萃取物的水溶和水不溶部分均具有明显抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。
但是在中药中荔枝核的功效主要是行气散结祛寒止痛，传统的方法荔枝核单方打粉温服，降血糖的效果并不明显，但是在本发明中和其他药物组方治疗特定证型的糖尿病患者效果显著，从而说明在本发明中在其他药物的共同作用下荔枝核中的有效成分作用得到了充分的发挥，也从另一个方面证明虽然有降糖作用的中药有地黄、天花粉、黄连、玉米须、黄芪等等，但是目前并不用单药或有降糖作用的中药堆起来降糖用，毕竟中药降糖的作用有效，药理研究用的浓度要比熬药高很多，通过药物的相互配合一些有降糖功效的中药，会有更好的辅助降糖和改善症状的效果。
本发明以益气养阴为根本治疗法则重用黄芪益卫固表，补气升阳；山药益气养阴，补益脾肺，补肾固精；红参大补元气，复脉固脱，益气摄血；白术补气健脾，燥湿利水；灵芝，补气安神；熟地黄滋阴补血，益精填髓；山萸肉补肝肾，涩精气，固虚脱；盐补骨脂温肾助阳，纳气药物相互配合以元气、中气为本，升补气分之药，佐以收涩之品与健补脾胃之品；糖尿病虽以阴虚为本，燥热为标，但疾病演变的结果是“久痛入络，久病多瘀”气阴两虚，瘀血阻脉，糖尿病迁延日久，阴损及阳，可至阴阳两虚，用生附子、炮附子、回阳救逆，补火助阳；干姜温中散寒，回阳通脉，燥湿消痰；以滋阴补阳，遵循善补阳者必于阴中求阳、善补阴者必于阳中求阴用温阳育阴法，辅以生地黄，清热凉血，养阴生津；天花粉清热生津，五味子敛肺滋肾，生津敛汗，涩精止泻，宁心安神；黄连，清热燥湿，泻火解毒；茯苓、利水渗湿，健脾，安神；泽泻利水渗湿、泄热通淋；红花活血化瘀，通经；荔枝核归、行气散结，祛寒止痛；化痰除湿，化瘀通络，以津液之生，其根出于肾水，水与血，交会转运，皆在胞中，胞中有瘀血，则气为血阻，不得上升，水津因不能随气上布，但去下焦之瘀，则水津上布，而渴自止，灸甘草即可解附子之毒，又可制约附子和干姜大辛大热之品劫伤阴液之弊，为使药；本发明充分利用中药组方理论，所选的药物阴阳双补,活血化瘀,肾水升心火降，分工明确，主次突出，相辅相成在治疗主证的同时兼顾见证，充分体现了中药组方讲究的整体观、协调观，治疗全面，疗效确切，经过临床验证效果显著，副作用小，可以长期服用对糖尿病及由糖尿病导致的其他身体不适效果明显。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方，其特征在于由重量计的：黄芪90-100g，天花粉20-30g，山药20-30g，生附子3-5g，炮附子3-5g，红参12-15g，白术12-15g，干姜15-20g，生地黄15-20g，熟地黄15-20g，山萸肉15-20g，红花15-20g，盐补骨脂15-20g，灵芝15-20g，茯苓15-20g，泽泻15-20g，五味子10-15g，荔枝核30-40g，黄连6-10g，炙甘草45-50g制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方，其特征在于由重量计的：黄芪90g，天花粉20g，山药20g，生附子3g，炮附子3g，红参12g，白术12g，干姜15g，生地黄15g，熟地黄15g，山萸肉15g，红花15g，盐补骨脂15g，灵芝15g，茯苓15g，泽泻15g，五味子10g，荔枝核30g，黄连6g，炙甘草45g制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方，其特征在于由重量计的：黄芪100g，天花粉30g，山药30g，生附子5g，炮附子5g，红参15g，白术15g，干姜20g，生地黄20g，熟地黄20g，山萸肉20g，红花20g，盐补骨脂20g，灵芝20g，茯苓20g，泽泻20g，五味子15g，荔枝核40g，黄连10g，炙甘草50g制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗糖尿病的中药复方，其特征在于由重量计的：黄芪95g，天花粉25g，山药25g，生附子4g，炮附子4g，红参13g，白术14g，干姜17g，生地黄17g，熟地黄17g，山萸肉17g，红花17g，盐补骨脂17g，灵芝17g，茯苓17g，泽泻17g，五味子14g，荔枝核35g，黄连8g，炙甘草47g制成。
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