CN105770339A - 一种用于治疗痤疮的药物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗痤疮的药物，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：防风7份、九道箍6份、铁扫把子10份、夏枯草10份、天仙子1份、败酱草12份、紫背金盘草22份。本发明运用：防风祛风解表，胜湿止痛，解痉止痒；九道箍清热解毒，消肿止痛，凉肝定惊；铁扫把子清热利湿，祛风止痒；夏枯草清肝明目，散结解毒；天仙子解泾昌涌，安心定痫；败酱草清热解毒，活血排脓；紫背金盘草清热解毒，凉血散瘀，消肿止痛。诸药合用，达到清热凉血、祛风止痒、散瘀消疹、散结解毒之功效。临床实验证明，本发明能够安全有效治疗痤疮。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，具体涉及一种用于治疗痤疮的药物。
背景技术
痤疮是常发生在青年男女的一种毛囊皮脂腺的慢性自限性、炎症性疾病，主要侵犯面部、背部和胸部等皮脂腺较多的部位，常伴有皮脂溢出，青春期过后，大多自然痊愈或减轻。痤疮是青春期的常见病，多发于15～30岁男女青年。一般认为，本病多由于青春期间雄激素分泌增加，皮脂腺发育旺盛，使皮脂腺毛囊管壁出现角化，堵塞皮脂的排出而形成“脂栓”，且与遗传因素有关，但其确切发病机理尚未完全清楚，现代西医学亦无合理有效的治疗方案，患者常因影响面部的美容而深感苦恼。应用中医中药治疗本病已越来越引起人们的高度重视。
痤疮，在中医学中相当于“痤”或“痤痱”，或称之谓“肺风粉刺”、“面疮”等。
病因
确切的病因尚未清楚，可能涉及雄性激素、皮脂生成和痤疮杆菌感染等因素，遗传也是个重要方面。严重的痤疮患者血中雄性激素前体明显增加，轻症患者只是组织雄性激素水平升高。皮脂腺功能亢进，生成过多皮脂，也是痤疮发生的一个重要因素。痤疮杆菌感染引起的免疫反应与炎症性皮损的发生有关。
临床表现
皮损主要分布在面部和胸背部。初发的基本损害是粉刺，无明显炎症。粉刺为针头大的小结节，“黑头粉刺”位于开放的毛囊口顶端，可挤出较硬的脂栓。无“黑头”而位于皮内，但可触及的小结节，称为“白头粉刺”或“闭合性粉刺”。随着病程的发展，可出现各种炎症性皮损及后遗病变，包括红色小丘疹、小脓疱、炎性结节、囊肿、脓肿、窦道和瘢痕等。按病变的主要表现，分以下几个临床类型：
①丘疹性痤疮
以炎症性丘疹为主，丘疹中央有时可见粉刺。
②脓疱性痤疮
以小脓疱为主，伴有炎性丘疹。
③囊肿性痤疮
出现许多大小不等的皮脂腺囊肿，感染后即成脓肿，常破溃溢脓，形成窦道和瘢痕。
④结节性痤疮
侵犯部位较深，形成深在的炎性结节。
⑤萎缩性痤疮
炎症性病损消退后遗留许多凹坑状萎缩性瘢痕。
⑥聚合性痤疮
皮损多形，可出现各种炎症性和非炎症性病变。病情往往较重。
⑦暴发性痤疮
偶见于青年男性。突然出现许多炎症很重的皮损，形成结节和溃疡，除局部疼痛不适外，还可伴有全身发热和多发性关节痛。后期遗下显著的瘢痕。
本病的发生多数是始于青春发育期，但个别病例可早至6～8岁，或晚至30岁以后。自然病程长短不一，但绝大部分患者在青春期后可自行痊愈或症状好转。少数患者的痤疮期可一直迁延到30～40岁。病情轻重的波动很常见，有的在夏季减轻，有的在月经期加重。
药物治疗
①抗生素
四环素及其同类广谱抗生素常用于痤疮治疗，有显著效果。此外，抗生素本身也具有抗炎作用。
②异维A酸(13-顺维A酸)
适用于严重而顽固的结节囊肿性痤疮；对用一般疗法无效，又可能给患者身心造成严重影响的其他类型痤疮，也可酌情使用。有时可略缩短，因为皮损若已消退70％～80％，停药后病情仍会继续改善。经足量治疗后，大多数病例可长期缓解。少数病例在停药后复发者，可在停药8周后给予第2个疗程。
③糖皮质激素
通常用泼尼松。只用于皮损炎症反应明显，且用其他抗生素无效的病例。对炎症特别严重的痤疮和在用维A酸的初期，泼尼松可有效控制症状，防止不良后果的发生。对有11或12羟酶阻滞物或雄性激素含量过高的女性病例，少量糖皮质激素与雌性激素并用，可更大程度地降低血浆雄性激素含量，提高疗效。
④氨苯砜
本药有一定的抗炎作用，主要用于严重的结节囊肿性痤疮和暴发性痤疮，可与抗生素联合应用。
⑤中药治疗
以髓入手，全身治疗，使病症开始好转，人体恢复正常生理机能。
本发明所涉及药材均可见记载于《中华本草》。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于治疗痤疮的药物，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈痤疮的目的。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种用于治疗痤疮的药物，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：防风7份、九道箍6份、铁扫把子10份、夏枯草10份、天仙子1份、败酱草12份、紫背金盘草22份。
下面结合中药学理论说明本发明有益效果：
发明人认为，引起痤疮的病因主要与外邪、饮食、血热、湿热之邪为患有关，其病理机制可归纳为以下几个方面。邪袭腠理：肺为娇腑，易受外邪侵犯，劳累汗出当风，迫于肌肤，正邪之气相搏，闭阻卫阳之气，卫气郁滞则脂液津血运行不畅，蓄于玄府，发为痤疮。肺经邪热：本为阳热内盛之躯，又嗜烟酒，久则生热，邪热郁于肺中，皮毛为肺所主，而鼻属肺，肺经郁热熏蒸肌肤，血热壅滞毛窍而成。胃肠湿热：过食辛辣、炙赙之品，湿热内生，结于肠胃，肺与大肠相表里，肠胃热盛，腑气不通，移热于肺，上熏滞于肌肤毛窍，瘀久生毒，痤疮乃发。脾失健运：思虑、劳累过度损伤脾气，运化水湿功能失职，致湿无出路而聚于体内，郁久化热生痰，湿热挟痰，凝于肌腠毛窍而发痤疮。故治疗则采取清热化湿，通腑消疹，清肺解毒，凉血化瘀。
本发明运用：防风祛风解表，胜湿止痛，解痉止痒；九道箍清热解毒，消肿止痛，凉肝定惊；铁扫把子清热利湿，祛风止痒；夏枯草清肝明目，散结解毒；天仙子解泾昌涌，安心定痫；败酱草清热解毒，活血排脓；紫背金盘草清热解毒，凉血散瘀，消肿止痛。诸药合用，达到清热凉血、祛风止痒、散瘀消疹、散结解毒之功效。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果：
1、一般资料
发明人2012年3月-2015年1月间共收集80例痤疮患者。随机分为：治疗组40例，对照组40例。其中治疗组男6例、女34例，年龄18～41岁，病程1个月～14年；对照组男7例、女33例，年龄18～30岁间，病程1个月～10年。两组性别、年龄、病程等资料无显著性差异，具有可比性。
诊断标准
临床上按其皮损主要表现分为以下数型：
①丘疹型痤疮以炎性丘疹为主，丘疹中央有黑头粉刺或顶端未变黑色的脂栓。
②脓疱性痤疮以脓疱、炎性丘疹为主，脓疱发生于丘疹顶端，溃后流出黏稠的脓液。
③囊肿性痤疮有大小不等的多数皮脂腺囊肿，常继发化脓感染，破溃流脓，形成窦道及瘢痕。
④结节性痤疮呈淡红色或紫红色，大小不等的结节，有的深在，亦有显著隆起呈半球形或圆锥形，可长期存在，有的逐渐吸收，亦有化脓破溃而成显著的瘢痕。
⑤萎缩性痤疮凹坑状萎缩性瘢痕。
⑥聚合性痤疮皮损多形，有许多的粉刺、丘疹、脓疱、囊肿、脓肿、窦道、瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩，集簇发生。
⑦恶病质性痤疮为暗红色或紫红色、针尖至蚕豆大丘疹、脓疱或结节，内含脓液及血液。病程缓慢，经久不愈，多见于身体虚弱者。
纳入标准①符合诊断标准；②年龄18～70岁；③依从性好；④自愿签署知情同意书。
排除标准①妊娠、哺乳期妇女；②患有严重心、肺、肝、肾脏疾病患者；③有精神系统疾病，不能配合治疗者；④发病后经其他药物治疗的患者。
2、治疗方法
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例3制得的胶囊，每日3次。治疗1个月。
对照组口服盐酸克林霉素胶囊，每次0.3g，每日3次。治疗1个月。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1疗效标准
①痊愈：皮疹消退，无新疹发生，局部仅残留极少数皮肤损害；
②有效：皮疹缩小，皮肤损害消退在30％以上或炎症明显减轻；
③无效：皮疹稍见减轻，或无变化，或较原先加重。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1两组疗效比较
可见，本发明制得的药物能够安全有效治疗痤疮，治愈率高。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
称取：防风7克、九道箍6克、铁扫把子10克、夏枯草10克、天仙子1克、败酱草12克、紫背金盘草22克；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120克，即得符合正常成人一天用量的煎剂。
用于治疗痤疮。口服，每日服用一次。
实施例2
称取：防风7克、九道箍6克、铁扫把子10克、夏枯草10克、天仙子1克、败酱草12克、紫背金盘草22克；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于治疗痤疮。口服，每日分早晚两次服用。
实施例3
称取：防风7克、九道箍6克、铁扫把子10克、夏枯草10克、天仙子1克、败酱草12克、紫背金盘草22克；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗痤疮。口服，每日分早中晚三次服用。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗痤疮的药物，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：防风7份、九道箍6份、铁扫把子10份、夏枯草10份、天仙子1份、败酱草12份、紫背金盘草22份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗痤疮的药物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：防风7份、九道箍6份、铁扫把子10份、夏枯草10份、天仙子1份、败酱草12份、紫背金盘草22份；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120份，即得煎剂；上述份均是指重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗痤疮的药物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：防风7份、九道箍6份、铁扫把子10份、夏枯草10份、天仙子1份、败酱草12份、紫背金盘草22份；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得散剂；上述份均是指重量份。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗痤疮的药物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：防风7份、九道箍6份、铁扫把子10份、夏枯草10份、天仙子1份、败酱草12份、紫背金盘草22份；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得胶囊剂；上述份均是指重量份。
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