CN105754699B - 超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂 - Google Patents
超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂，由植物油、合成酯、无机粉剂、防锈剂、新型表面活性剂、水组成。本发明不含石墨，具有优良持续高温润滑性能、乳化安定性和耐热性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水基型润滑减磨剂。
背景技术
汽车、家用电器等行业广泛使用压铸机压铸金属制品。压铸的特点是高速高压，压铸时压铸机柱塞杆（也称冲头）及压室在高速高压下与金属液直接接触，且相互间高速摩擦。为减轻冲头圆柱面的磨损，延长冲头和压室的使用寿命，要求配套使用的润滑减磨剂必须具有优异的持续润滑性和耐热性。随着超大型金属制件市场需求量的不断提升，超大型压铸机的应用也越来越广泛。超大型压铸机一般都处在300~500MPa超高压下，以100~120m/s超高速压铸制品，锁模力高，因此对润滑减磨剂的高温润滑性、耐热性和耐高温金属液冲刷提出了更加苛刻的要求。传统使用的油基型润滑减磨剂安全性差（存在火灾隐患）、含石墨类减磨剂作业环境差（对人体和设备造成污染和危害大），而且持续高温润滑性以及耐热性、耐高温金属液冲刷效果也不好，导致冲头磨损快。后来市场又推出了水基型润滑减磨剂。水基减磨剂的优点是：油包水形成的乳化颗粒稳定适中，水份蒸发后形成的强有力润滑薄膜与金属液接触时不产生烟气，不污染作业环境，润滑也更加均匀、致密，可有效缓冲金属液浇注时对压室的冲击，减轻压室浇注点的腐蚀，延长压室和冲头的使用寿命，降低设备维护成本，而且不需要稀释，容易操作，使用方便。但目前市售的水基润滑减磨剂还存在诸多弊端：一是高温润滑性能以及耐热性能较差（其高温摩擦系数一般都大于0.1，热分解率一般都大于40%）；二是配方组份中均含有重金属、芳香烃等有毒有害物质，影响人体健康，安全卫生质量差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种不含石墨，具有优良持续高温润滑性能、乳化安定性和耐热性能的超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂。
本发明的技术解决方案是：
一种超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂，其特征是：由下列重量百分比的成分组成：
植物油…………………………18～25％
合成酯…………………………5～10％
无机粉剂……………………….0.3～1％
防锈剂…………………………..3～7％
新型表面活性剂……………..…2～5％
水…………………………………余量。
所述植物油是大豆油、棕榈油、花生油中的一种或几种。
所述合成酯是三羟基丙烷油酸酯、季戊四醇油酸酯中的一种或几种。
所述无机粉剂是氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾中的一种或几种。
所述防锈剂是异丙醇胺、一乙醇胺、月桂二酸、癸二酸、壬酸、二聚酸中的一种或几种。
所述新型表面活性剂是嵌段聚醚、烷基多聚糖苷、十二烷基聚甘油醚中的一种或几种。
本发明不含石墨，具有优良持续高温润滑性能、乳化安定性和耐热性能。
1. 配方选用优质高粘度植物油和合成酯以及抗烧结高碱值无机粉剂组伍，提高产品的高温润滑性能和耐热性能（高温摩擦系数≤0.039，高温热分解率≤20%）。
2. 配方选用可生物降解型嵌段聚醚新型表面活性剂及其它优质助剂组伍，提高产品的乳化安定性（油包水乳液粒径≤0.3μm，且大小稳定），形成的润滑薄膜均匀、致密，耐高温金属液冲刷效果好。
3. 配方不使用重金属、芳香烃等有毒有害物质，选用性能优良、生物可降解度，对人和环境友好的可替代物质），产品急性经口毒性LD50≥5000mg/kg，急性吸入毒性LC50≥5000mg/m3，呼吸道粘膜刺激强度为0级，安全卫生质量高。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
一种超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂，由下列重量百分比的组分混合搅拌而成：
大豆油 20%
三羟基丙烷油酸酯 8%
二聚酸 4%
月桂二酸 5%
异丙醇胺 1%
嵌段聚醚 3%（科莱恩化工（中国）有限公司 PEP 3070）
水 59%。
实施例2：
一种超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂，由下列重量百分比的成分组成：
植物油…………………………18～25％（例18%、22%、25%）
合成酯…………………………5～10％（例5%、8%、10%）
无机粉剂……………………….0.3～1％（例0.3%、0.7%、1%）
防锈剂…………………………..3～7％（例3%、5%、7%）
新型表面活性剂……………..…2～5％（例2%、3%、5%）
水…………………………………余量。
所述植物油是大豆油、棕榈油、花生油中的一种或几种。
所述合成酯是三羟基丙烷油酸酯、季戊四醇油酸酯中的一种或几种。
所述无机粉剂是氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾中的一种或几种。
所述防锈剂是异丙醇胺、一乙醇胺、月桂二酸、癸二酸、壬酸、二聚酸中的一种或几种。
所述新型表面活性剂是嵌段聚醚、烷基多聚糖苷、十二烷基聚甘油醚中的一种或几种。
Claims (4)
1.一种超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂，其特征是：由下列重量百分比的成分组成：
植物油 18～25％
合成酯 5～10％
无机粉剂 0.3～1％
防锈剂 3～7％
表面活性剂 2～5％
水 余量；
所述无机粉剂是氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾中的一种或几种；
所述表面活性剂是嵌段聚醚、烷基多聚糖苷、十二烷基聚甘油醚中的一种或几种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂，其特征是：所述植物油是大豆油、棕榈油、花生油中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂，其特征是：所述合成酯是三羟基丙烷油酸酯、季戊四醇油酸酯中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超大型压铸机用水基型润滑减磨剂，其特征是：所述防锈剂是异丙醇胺、一乙醇胺、月桂二酸、癸二酸、壬酸、二聚酸中的一种或几种。
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