CN105749155A - 一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：车前子12份、大腹皮9份、浮海石10份、酢浆草10份、四棱筋骨草13份、莪术6份、女贞子13份。本发明运用：车前子清热利尿，渗湿止泻，明目祛痰；大腹皮下气宽中，行水消肿；浮海石清肺化痰，软坚散结；酢浆草清热利湿，凉血散瘀，消肿解毒；四棱筋骨草祛风除湿，活血通络；莪术行气破血，消积止痛；女贞子补益肝肾，清虚热，明目。诸药合用，达到利水消肿、补益心气、益肾壮腰、活血通脑之功效。临床实验证明，本发明能够安全有效治疗甲状腺功能减退症。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，具体涉及一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物。
背景技术
甲状腺功能减退(简称甲减)，是由于甲状腺激素合成及分泌减少，或其生理效应不足所致机体代谢降低的一种疾病。按其病因分为原发性甲减，继发性甲减及周围性甲减三类。以面色苍白或萎黄，神疲，嗜卧，表情淡漠，浮肿，畏冷，纳差腹胀及便秘等症，且基础代谢率减低为主要临床特征。根据起病年龄分为三型：功能减退始于胎儿期或出生不久的新生儿者，称呆小病(克汀病)；功能减退始于发育前儿童期者，称幼年型甲减；功能减退期始于成年期者，称成年期型甲减，多见于中年女性。本病严重者，可发生黏液性水肿性昏迷，预后不良。
甲状腺功能减退症属中医的“五迟”、“虚劳”、“浮肿”等范畴。
病因
病因较复杂，以原发性者多见，其次为垂体性者，其他均属少见。
临床表现
①面色苍白，眼睑和颊部虚肿，表情淡漠，痴呆，全身皮肤乾燥、增厚、粗糙多脱屑，非凹陷性水肿，毛发脱落，手脚掌呈萎黄色，体重增加，少数病人指甲厚而脆裂。
②神经精神系统：记忆力减退，智力低下，嗜睡，反应迟钝，多虑，头晕，头痛，耳鸣，耳聋，眼球震颤，共济失调，腱反射迟钝，跟腱反射松弛期时间延长，重者可出现痴呆，木僵，甚至昏睡。
③心血管系统：心动过缓，心输出量减少，血压低，心音低钝，心脏扩大，可并发冠心病，但一般不发生心绞痛与心衰，有时可伴有心包积液和胸腔积液。重症者发生黏液性水肿性心肌病。
④消化系统：厌食、腹胀、便秘。重者可出现麻痹性肠梗阻。胆囊收缩减弱而胀大，半数病人有胃酸缺乏，导致恶性贫血与缺铁性贫血。
⑤运动系统：肌肉软弱无力、疼痛、强直，可伴有关节病变如慢性关节炎。
⑥内分泌系统：女性月经过多，久病闭经，不育症；男性阳痿，性欲减退。少数病人出现泌乳，继发性垂体增大。
⑦病情严重时，由于受寒冷、感染、手术、麻醉或镇静剂应用不当等应激可诱发黏液性水肿昏迷或称“甲减危象”。表现为低体温(T<35℃)，呼吸减慢，心动过缓，血压下降，四肢肌力松弛，反射减弱或消失，甚至发生昏迷，休克，心肾功能衰竭。
⑧呆小病：表情呆滞，发音低哑，颜面苍白，眶周浮肿，两眼距增宽，鼻梁扁塌，唇厚流涎，舌大外伸四肢粗短、鸭步。
⑨幼年型甲减：身材矮小，智慧低下，性发育延迟。
药物治疗
①甲状腺制剂终身替代治疗
早期轻型病例以口服甲状腺片或左甲状腺素为主。检测甲状腺功能，维持TSH在正常值范围。
②对症治疗
中、晚期重型病例除口服甲状腺片或左旋甲状腺素外，需对症治疗如给氧、输液、控制感染、控制心力衰竭等。
③中药治疗
中医治疗以髓入手，全身治疗，使病症开始好转，人体恢复正常生理机能。
本发明所涉及药材均可见记载于《中华本草》。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈甲状腺功能减退症的目的。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：车前子12份、大腹皮9份、浮海石10份、酢浆草10份、四棱筋骨草13份、莪术6份、女贞子13份。
下面结合中药学理论说明本发明有益效果：
发明人认为，病因多由于先天禀赋不足，或后天摄养失调，以致脾肾俱虚；或因手术、药物等损伤元阳，而致脾肾阳气亏损发病。病理变化为先天不足，元阳素弱，肾精衰少，或后天失调，脾虚失健，纳运失常，则纳差、便秘；化源不足，气血两亏，则贫血，面色无华，神疲乏力。肾精失充，脑髓失养，元神失主，则神情淡漠，智力减退；脾肾阳虚，水邪潴留，泛滥肌肤，则浮肿，上凌心肺，则心悸气促，甚致心肾阳衰，危及生机。故治疗则采取益气养血，补脾温肾，温阳利水，补益脾肾。
本发明运用：车前子清热利尿，渗湿止泻，明目祛痰；大腹皮下气宽中，行水消肿；浮海石清肺化痰，软坚散结；酢浆草清热利湿，凉血散瘀，消肿解毒；四棱筋骨草祛风除湿，活血通络；莪术行气破血，消积止痛；女贞子补益肝肾，清虚热，明目。诸药合用，达到利水消肿、补益心气、益肾壮腰、活血通脑之功效。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果：
1、一般资料
发明人2012年8月-2015年5月间共收集58例甲状腺功能减退症患者。随机分为：治疗组29例，对照组29例。其中治疗组男11例、女18例，年龄33～56岁，病程2个月～3年；对照组男10例、女19例，年龄33～58岁间，病程4个月～4年。两组性别、年龄、病程等资料无显著性差异，具有可比性。
诊断标准
①有服用抗甲状腺药物过量、甲状腺手术、131碘治疗、慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎等病史。特发性者无病因可寻。
②嗜睡、怕冷、腹胀、便秘、反应迟钝、智力减退，声音低沉嘶哑、颜面四肢非可凹性浮肿、皮肤干枯、皮屑多、毛发脱落、体重增加、体温偏低、心动过缓、心脏扩大或心包积液等。
③基础代谢率及血清蛋白结合碘降低、血清胆固醇及肌酸磷酸激酶(CRK)升高。
④甲状腺131碘摄取率低下。
⑤血清T3、T4及FT4低于正常而TSH高于正常(一般超过10mu/L)。
⑥甲状腺球蛋白抗体及微粒体抗体可阳性。
⑦亚临床甲减除血TSH值高于正常及TRH兴奋试验反应高于正常人外，其它甲状腺功能检查可在正常范围之内。
纳入标准
①符合诊断标准；②年龄18～70岁；③依从性好；④自愿签署知情同意书。
排除标准
①妊娠、哺乳期妇女；②患有严重心、肺、肝、肾脏疾病患者；③有精神系统疾病，不能配合治疗者；④发病后经其他药物治疗的患者。
2、治疗方法
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例3制得的胶囊，每日3次。治疗1个月。
对照组口服甲状腺片，每次30mg，每日3次。治疗1个月。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1疗效标准
①痊愈：由抗甲状腺药物过量引起的症状体征完全消失，血清T3、T4、TSH值恢复正常；
②有效：甲减症状体征消失或明显好转，基础代谢率、血清T3、T4、FT4维持正常、TSH值降至正常范围；
③无效：症状体征无变化，检查指标无改善。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1两组疗效比较
可见，本发明制得的药物能够安全有效治疗甲状腺功能减退症，治愈率高。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
称取：车前子12克、大腹皮9克、浮海石10克、酢浆草10克、四棱筋骨草13克、莪术6克、女贞子13克；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120克，即得符合正常成人一天用量的煎剂。
用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症。口服，每日服用一次。
实施例2
称取：车前子12克、大腹皮9克、浮海石10克、酢浆草10克、四棱筋骨草13克、莪术6克、女贞子13克；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症。口服，每日分早晚两次服用。
实施例3
称取：车前子12克、大腹皮9克、浮海石10克、酢浆草10克、四棱筋骨草13克、莪术6克、女贞子13克；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症。口服，每日分早中晚三次服用。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：车前子12份、大腹皮9份、浮海石10份、酢浆草10份、四棱筋骨草13份、莪术6份、女贞子13份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：车前子12份、大腹皮9份、浮海石10份、酢浆草10份、四棱筋骨草13份、莪术6份、女贞子13份；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120份，即得煎剂；上述份均是指重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：车前子12份、大腹皮9份、浮海石10份、酢浆草10份、四棱筋骨草13份、莪术6份、女贞子13份；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得散剂；上述份均是指重量份。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗甲状腺功能减退症的药物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：车前子12份、大腹皮9份、浮海石10份、酢浆草10份、四棱筋骨草13份、莪术6份、女贞子13份；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得胶囊剂；上述份均是指重量份。
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