CN105724799A - Special emergency feed prepared from corn straws and preparation method of special emergency feed prepared from corn straws - Google Patents
Special emergency feed prepared from corn straws and preparation method of special emergency feed prepared from corn straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN105724799A CN105724799A CN201610160674.7A CN201610160674A CN105724799A CN 105724799 A CN105724799 A CN 105724799A CN 201610160674 A CN201610160674 A CN 201610160674A CN 105724799 A CN105724799 A CN 105724799A
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- corn stalk
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of feed, in particular to a special emergency feed prepared from corn straws.The special emergency feed comprises, by weight, 35-45% of molasses, 20-30% of corn straws, 15-20% of protein raw materials, 6-7% of macromineral raw materials and 8-12% of bran, wherein the corn straws are pulverized by a pulverizer with a screen piece 8-mm in mesh, and granularity of the corn straws is kept within 2 mm to 3 mm.The invention provides a preparation method of the special emergency feed prepared from the corn straws.The special emergency feed and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the cheap and high-quality feed making full use of the molasses and the corn straws is provided for cattle and sheep raising in pasturing areas and agricultural areas, so that raising loss caused by shortage of forage under extreme weather conditions is avoided; the defects of high waste, low utilization ratio and low digestion rate during transportation, storage and use of single emergency feed at present are overcome, and livestock body energy can be supplemented under the under extreme weather conditions; the special emergency feed is reasonable in formula, simple in preparation technology and suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of feed, particularly to one with corn stalk as coarse fodder, with molasses for quickly discharging effective energy
Emergent special feed and preparation method.
Background technology
Pastoral area faces the significant damage of arid, snow disaster every year, there is no fundamentally solution at present.And China is high and cold herds
District's cold season is up to seven months, and fodder grass shortage is particularly acute, and sheep is only chronically at semistarvation state, and the normal yield spring is weary extremely
Rate of dying, at 5%-8%, once runs into the extreme climate disasters such as wind and snow, and mortality rate is up to 10%-15%, and loses flesh what loss of weight was caused
Energy loss ratio death loss is high 6 times.
Winter-spring season, pasture stock originally lacked the few material of grass, when especially facing extreme weather conditions, searched for food less than herbage at all,
When being often among living in hunger and cold, as long as now there being the fodder grass can eaten and can digest to a certain extent, just can play and rescuing
Calamity protects the effect of poultry, but single feedstuff exists all drawbacks:
(1) shedding during mash feed dry feeding seriously, fly away with the wind, mix water slop feeding easy freezing again when running into strong wind, cattle and sheep eat at all
Less than in the mouth, cause and waste significantly；
(2) corn straw light weight, volume is big, transports, stores the most very inconvenient, and corn stem quality is thick and stiff, cattle and sheep
Being only capable of blade position of searching for food, typically shed on the ground for cattle and sheep free choice feeding when feeding, cattle and sheep are random during striving food
Trample and discharge fecaluria straw to be polluted and wastes；
(3) wheat straw after compressed bundling, is only capable of to cattle and sheep with the effect of full abdomen, it is impossible to provide necessary energy and protein,
And wheat straw bundle is scattered when feeding, and causes the biggest waste equally because of the trample by cattle and sheep；
(4) packing and ensiling feedstuff is extremely easy to use in agriculture district, but application exists a certain degree of difficulty, main cause in pastoral area
Being ensilage water content high (about 70%), be all frozen into black ice winter, cattle and sheep are had no way of end opening, even if ensilage is smashed,
Cattle and sheep still can not swallow, so cattle and sheep can not be fed with ensilage in pastoral area in winter at all；On the other hand bag silo once has breakage, blue or green
Bin stock just moldy metamorphism, produces foul odour, and cattle and sheep are reluctant to search for food, even if in the case of ravenous hunger, after searching for food reluctantly often
Often result in cattle and sheep dysentery, be even poisoned to death, not only do not have the disaster relief and protect the effect of poultry, cause unnecessary disappearance on the contrary；
(5) granular Semen Maydis, although content height can be worth, but protein content is low, and niblet surface has layer scleroid cured
Matter layer, after cattle and sheep bolt, it is difficult to digestion, there is also and shed the problem that waste is serious.
China's corn stalk yield more than 2.5 hundred million tons, is huge at feed resource in cattle and sheep cultivation.Research shows, corn stalk crude fibre
Content about 30%, content of cellulose is 37%, and hemicellulose level is 37.5%, and ash is 5%, gross protein value 5%,
There is certain nutritive value.But limited by its cell wall constituent lignifying institute, thus its digestibility is relatively low, only 45%-49%.
China's tradition utilizing straw stock keeping that have among the people, is the most simply cut to 3～5cm length, and this undressed straw is not only fitted
Mouth property is poor, and the feed intake of domestic animal is the highest, and digestibility is the lowest, is difficult to meet the requirement of penkeeping.The jade of China at present
Rice straw utilization rate is relatively low, and only about 40%, Second Year spring ploughing is incinerated in a large number, has the most both wasted resource, has also resulted in
The pollution of environment.Be a kind of fabulous selection for use as feedstuff.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art exactly, it is provided that a kind of emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder.
A kind of emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder of the present invention, includes following components by weight percentage: molasses 40%,
Wheat bran 8%, corn stalk 25%, soybean meal 9%, cottonseed meal 9%, wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi 4%, feeding carbamide 0.6%, Sal 1%, phosphoric acid
Hydrogen calcium 2%, ammonium chloride 1%, calcium propionate 0.4%.Described corn stalk is pulverized through 8mm sieve pulverizer, and granularity is in 2-3mm scope
Within.
Further, described energy feed raw material includes wheat bran, molasses and wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi.
Further, described protein raw material includes soybean meal cottonseed meal and/or feeding carbamide.
Further, described macro minerals raw material includes Sal and/or calcium hydrogen phosphate.
Further, include following components by weight percentage: molasses 40%, wheat bran 8%, corn stalk 25%, soybean meal 9%,
Cottonseed meal 9%, wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi 4%, feeding carbamide 0.6%, Sal 1%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 2%, ammonium chloride 1%, calcium propionate 0.4%.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of a kind of above-mentioned emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder, comprise the following steps:
Step one, corn stalk are pulverized through 8mm sieve pulverizer, and granularity, within the scope of 2-3mm, obtains roughage；
Step 2, percentage by weight is respectively 2% calcium hydrogen phosphate, the Sal of 1%, the ammonium chloride of 1% and 0.4% calcium propionate equal
Even mixing；
Step 3, will pulverize after percentage by weight be respectively 8% wheat bran, the soybean meal of 9%, the cottonseed meal of 9% and the Semen Tritici aestivi of 4%
Wheat-middlings uniformly mixes；
Step 4, the mixture respectively obtained in step 2, step 3 is remixed uniformly, the concentrated feed being uniformly mixed；
Step 5, the concentrated feed obtained in the roughage obtained in step one that percentage by weight is 25% and step 4 is uniformly mixed
Close；
Step 6, percentage by weight are the molasses of 45%, the heating in water bath more than 60 degree；
Step 7, by percentage by weight be 0.6% feeding carbamide, be slowly added in the molasses of heating in water bath, and stir；
Step 8, molasses after heating in water bath, be slowly added in the compound that step 5 obtains, and be uniformly mixed；
Step 9, the compound that will obtain in step 8, pelletize with Flat die cuber；
Step 10, cooling, pack after drying.
Further, in step 5, first pour described roughage into mixer, add the described concentrated feed of mix homogeneously, mixed
Close uniformly.
Further, the molasses described in step 8, it is slowly added in the compound that step 5 obtains, and is uniformly mixed.
Further, Flat die cuber pore size of template described in step 9 is 6mm or 8mm, and pelletize a length of 1.5-2cm.
The invention have the benefit that
(1) cheap corn straw material can be made full use of, can cultivate for pastoral area and agriculture district cattle and sheep again provide a kind of cheap,
Colory feedstuff, solve winter-spring season because of feedstuff feedback weary, especially the shortage of extreme weather conditions forage and the cultivation that causes is damaged
Lose；
(2) domestic animal human body energy under extreme weather conditions, albumen and the minimum flow of various element can be supplemented, protect under contingency condition
Card body tissue is not consumed decomposition, domestic animal blood sugar level can be maintained for a long time the most acutely to decline, make every physiology machine of body
Can keep normal, and there is the effect necessarily delaying body satiety；
(3) solving single feed not comprehensive nutrition, digestibility is low, wastes big problem during transporting, store and feeding；
(4) rational formula and preparation technology, is suitable to promote, has huge economic implications and social meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
The specific embodiment of the invention is discussed in detail below.It should be noted that, technical characteristic described in following embodiment or
The combination of technical characteristic is not construed as isolating, and they can be mutually combined thus reach superior technique effect.
A kind of emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder of the embodiment of the present invention, includes following components by weight percentage: molasses
40%, wheat bran 8%, corn stalk 25%, soybean meal 9%, cottonseed meal 9%, wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi 4%, feeding carbamide 0.6%, Sal 1%,
Calcium hydrogen phosphate 2%, ammonium chloride 1%, calcium propionate 0.4%；Described corn stalk is pulverized through 8mm sieve pulverizer, and granularity is at 2-3mm
Within the scope of.
Preferably, described energy feed raw material includes wheat bran, molasses and wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi.
Preferably, described protein raw material includes soybean meal, cottonseed meal and/or feeding carbamide.
Preferably, described macro minerals raw material includes Sal, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride and/or calcium propionate.
Preferably, following components is included by weight percentage: molasses 40%, wheat bran 8%, corn stalk 25%, soybean meal 9%, cotton
The seed dregs of rice 9%, wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi 4%, feeding carbamide 0.6%, Sal 1%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 2%, ammonium chloride 1%, calcium propionate 0.4%.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of a kind of above-mentioned emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder, comprise the following steps:
Step one, corn stalk are pulverized through 8mm sieve pulverizer, and granularity, within the scope of 2-3mm, obtains roughage；
Step 2, percentage by weight is respectively 2% calcium hydrogen phosphate, the Sal of 1%, the ammonium chloride of 1% and 0.4% calcium propionate equal
Even mixing.
Step 3, will pulverize after percentage by weight be respectively 8% wheat bran, the soybean meal of 9%, the cottonseed meal of 9% and the Semen Tritici aestivi of 4%
Wheat-middlings uniformly mixes；
Step 4, the mixture respectively obtained in step 2, step 3 is remixed uniformly, the concentrated feed being uniformly mixed；
Step 5, the concentrated feed obtained in the roughage obtained in step one that percentage by weight is 25% and step 4 is uniformly mixed
Close；
Step 6, percentage by weight are the molasses of 40%, the heating in water bath more than 60 degree；
Step 7, by percentage by weight be 0.6% feeding carbamide, be slowly added in the molasses of heating in water bath, and stir；
Step 8, molasses after heating in water bath, be slowly added in the compound that step 5 obtains, and be uniformly mixed；
Step 9, the compound that will obtain in step 8, pelletize with Flat die cuber；
Step 10, cooling, pack after drying.
Preferably, in step 5, first pour described roughage into mixer, add the described concentrated feed of mix homogeneously, mixing
Uniformly.
Preferably, the molasses described in step 8, it is slowly added in the compound that step 5 obtains, and is uniformly mixed.
Preferably, Flat die cuber pore size of template described in step 9 is 6mm or 8mm, and pelletize a length of 1.5-2cm.
In use, selecting low-cost corn stalk, the most emergent feedstuff provides certain crude fibre, to ensure sheep cud
Normal physiological function, on the other hand, the corn stalk good hygroscopicity after pulverizing, absorb molasses ability strong, and corn stalk is easy
Be combined with other raw materials, do not ftracture after shaping.
Energy feed raw material selects wheat bran, molasses, wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi.Wheat bran is the energy feed that domestic animal is fabulous；Wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi is commonly called as
Black flour, bloom or third powder, be not only provided that energy and protein, and viscosity be extremely strong after gelatinizing, is adhered to by other raw materials,
Ensure that emergent feedstuff does not ftractures after shaping；Molasses are also a kind of energy feeds, have certain sugariness, are the fabulous food callings of domestic animal
Agent, can improve the palatability of feedstuff and increase energy matter.In colloidal state under molasses room temperature, viscosity is big, poor fluidity, but indirectly
Being heated to more than 38 DEG C, not only viscosity reduces, and contributes to being absorbed by other powder raw materials.Molasses after cooling also have one
Fixed adhesive effect.
Protein raw material selects soybean meal, cottonseed meal and feeding carbamide.Soybean meal and cottonseed meal are conventional vegetable protein and raise
Material, protein content is high and is easy to buy from the market；Feeding carbamide can be that cattle and sheep provide a kind of non-protein nitrogen (NPN),
On the premise of effectively the energy ensures, synthesising thalli protein under rumen microorganism effect, supplements rumen microorganism self and protein in body
Needs.
Macro minerals raw material selects Sal, calcium hydrogen phosphate.The plant feed that Livestock is searched for food contains sodium and chlorine is less, phase
Big, so Sal is supplementary essential to consuming；Calcium hydrogen phosphate is as calcium source and phosphorus source.
Calcium propionate is preservative, has again the effect reducing urine ketone concentration；Ammonium chloride has preventive effect to phosphatic calculus.
Embodiment
In the present embodiment, the emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder, include following components by weight percentage: molasses 40%,
Wheat bran 8%, corn stalk 25%, soybean meal 9%, cottonseed meal 9%, wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi 4%, feeding carbamide 0.6%, Sal 1%, phosphoric acid
Hydrogen calcium 2%, ammonium chloride 1%, calcium propionate 0.4%.
1, feeding quality
Dried water content is 8%-8.5%, is suitable for long-term preservation and never degenerates；Hardness is 4.8-5.0kg/cm2, has certain hard
Degree；Density is 600-650kg/m3, density is bigger, it is simple to storing；Shaping rate more than 90%, percentage of powdered pellets is less than 5%.
2, effective nutritional labeling
Thick protein 12.72%, metabolizable energy 10.66MJ/kg, calcium 6.2g/kg；Phosphorus 4.1g/kg；Sal 10g/kg；Thick protein contains
Amount is high, digestible energy is high, under extreme weather conditions, it is ensured that energy and the effective supply of albumen；Calcium, phosphorus ratio are 1.51:1, place
Within the scope of normal rates, prevent Ca,P metabolism from lacking of proper care.
Table 1 show the trophic level of the present embodiment emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder.
The table 1 emergent special feed trophic level with corn stalk as coarse fodder
3, emergent feed applications effect test
As emergent feedstuff, should be just to be under hungry situation and play a role herding sheep.This test and Selection Gansu Alpine fine, soft fur
Sheep grows up ewe, standby ewe and lamb as test sheep, equal fasting 48 hours, the emergent feed of 7 days laggard behavior phases of weighing
Test, measure body weight and blood index of correlation respectively.Due to fasting 2 days, sheep was in starvation, for preventing because of voracious and rob
Eating and cause dyspepsia, this test takes to limit the measure fed, and i.e. raises by 1.5% throwing of sheep body weight, meeting an urgent need of every sheep
Feedstuff loads in canvas bag after weighing respectively, is enclosed within Caput Caprae seu ovis by pocket, allows it each search for food when feeding.Table 2 is test knot
Really.
Table 2 is met an urgent need the special feed sheep amount of licking and blood index of correlation
If sheep body weight reduces, illustrate to make body tissue decompose because nutrition intake is not enough.This test finds, emergent feedstuff should
During test, there is not situation about declining in each group test sheep average weight, and illustrates that this emergent feedstuff is by sheep body weight
1.5% throw raise, just can preferably sheep maintenance needs；Normal sheep plasma glucose (GLU) concentration change scope is
32.43-81.07mg/dl；Plasma ketone bodies level is 1-6mg/dl, i.e. thinks metabolism disorder occur more than 10mg/dl.Result of the test can
To find out, within each group examination sheep blood plasma concentration of glucose and ketone body levels are all in normal range, illustrate cannot forage
Under extreme condition, take in this emergent special feed in 3-10 day and can ensure that body tissue is not consumed decomposition, every physiological function
Keep normal.Additionally experimental observation result shows, emergent feedstuff good palatability, sheep eating.
The invention have the benefit that
(1) cheap wheat stalk material can be made full use of, can cultivate for pastoral area and agriculture district cattle and sheep again provide a kind of cheap,
Colory feedstuff, solve winter-spring season because of feedstuff feedback weary, especially the shortage of extreme weather conditions forage and the cultivation that causes is damaged
Lose；
(2) domestic animal human body energy under extreme weather conditions, albumen and the minimum flow of various element can be supplemented, protect under contingency condition
Card body tissue is not consumed decomposition, domestic animal blood sugar level can be maintained for a long time the most acutely to decline, make every physiology machine of body
Can keep normal, and there is the effect necessarily delaying body satiety；
(3) solving single feed not comprehensive nutrition, digestibility is low, wastes big problem during transporting, store and feeding；
(4) rational formula and preparation technology, is suitable to promote, has huge economic implications and social meaning.
Although herein having been presented for several embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that without departing from
In the case of spirit of the present invention, the embodiments herein can be changed.Above-described embodiment is exemplary, not Ying Yiben
The embodiment of literary composition is as the restriction of interest field of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder, it is characterised in that include following components: 35-45% by weight percentage
Molasses, the corn stalk of 20-30%, the protein raw material of 15-20%, the macro minerals raw material of 6-7%, the wheat bran of 8-12%；
Described corn stalk is pulverized through 8mm sieve pulverizer, and granularity is within the scope of 2-3mm.
2. the emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described energy feed is former
Material includes wheat bran, molasses and wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi.
3. the emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described protein raw material
Including soybean meal, cottonseed meal and/or feeding carbamide.
4. the emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described macro minerals
Raw material includes Sal, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride and/or calcium propionate.
5. the emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that wrap by weight percentage
Include following components: molasses 40%, wheat bran 8%, corn stalk 25%, soybean meal 9%, cottonseed meal 9%, wheat-middlings of Semen Tritici aestivi 4%, feeding
Carbamide 0.6%, Sal 1%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 2%, ammonium chloride 1%, calcium propionate 0.4%.
6. the preparation method of the emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps:
Step one, corn stalk are pulverized through 8mm sieve pulverizer, and granularity, within the scope of 2-3mm, obtains roughage；
Step 2, percentage by weight is respectively 2% calcium hydrogen phosphate, the Sal of 1%, the ammonium chloride of 1% and 0.4% calcium propionate equal
Even mixing.
Step 3, will pulverize after percentage by weight be respectively 8% wheat bran, the soybean meal of 9%, the cottonseed meal of 9% and the Semen Tritici aestivi of 4%
Wheat-middlings uniformly mixes；
Step 4, the mixture respectively obtained in step 2, step 3 is remixed uniformly, the concentrated feed being uniformly mixed；
Step 5, the concentrated feed obtained in the roughage obtained in step one that percentage by weight is 25% and step 4 is uniformly mixed
Close；
Step 6, percentage by weight are the molasses of 40%, the heating in water bath more than 60 degree；
Step 7, by percentage by weight be 0.6% feeding carbamide, be slowly added in the molasses of heating in water bath, and stir；
Step 8, molasses after heating in water bath, be slowly added in the compound that step 5 obtains, and be uniformly mixed；
Step 9, the compound that will obtain in step 8, pelletize with Flat die cuber；
Step 10, cooling, pack after drying.
7. the preparation method of the emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that step
In five, first pour described roughage into mixer, add the described concentrated feed of mix homogeneously, mix homogeneously.
8. the preparation method of the emergent special feed with corn stalk as coarse fodder as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that step
Flat die cuber pore size of template described in nine is 6mm or 8mm, and pelletize a length of 1.5-2cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610160674.7A CN105724799A (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | Special emergency feed prepared from corn straws and preparation method of special emergency feed prepared from corn straws |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610160674.7A CN105724799A (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | Special emergency feed prepared from corn straws and preparation method of special emergency feed prepared from corn straws |
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| CN105724799A true CN105724799A (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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ID=56251022
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610160674.7A Pending CN105724799A (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | Special emergency feed prepared from corn straws and preparation method of special emergency feed prepared from corn straws |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105053595A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-11-18 | 甘肃农业大学 | Emergency and supplementary feeding complete compound pellet feed using maize straws for shepherding sheep and preparation method thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-03-21 CN CN201610160674.7A patent/CN105724799A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105053595A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-11-18 | 甘肃农业大学 | Emergency and supplementary feeding complete compound pellet feed using maize straws for shepherding sheep and preparation method thereof |
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| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Xiao Jinyu Inventor after: Zhang Changji Inventor after: Li Fadi Inventor after: Li Fei Inventor after: Le Xiangpeng Inventor after: Li Wanhong Inventor after: Weng Xiuxiu Inventor after: Ha Eralisha boolean Inventor after: Tang Shuzhen Inventor before: Xiao Jinyu Inventor before: Zhang Changji Inventor before: Li Fadi Inventor before: Li Fei Inventor before: Le Xiangpeng Inventor before: Weng Xiuxiu Inventor before: Hal Eric chable. Inventor before: Tang Shuzhen |
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Application publication date: 20160706 |