CN105724792A - Wheat/rice straw feed containing enzyme complexing agent and preparing method and application of wheat/rice straw feed - Google Patents
Wheat/rice straw feed containing enzyme complexing agent and preparing method and application of wheat/rice straw feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN105724792A CN105724792A CN201610094052.9A CN201610094052A CN105724792A CN 105724792 A CN105724792 A CN 105724792A CN 201610094052 A CN201610094052 A CN 201610094052A CN 105724792 A CN105724792 A CN 105724792A
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- rice straw
- tritici aestivi
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wheat/rice straw feed containing an enzyme complexing agent. The wheat/rice straw feed is prepared from wheat/rice straw and the enzyme complexing agent including cellulase, xylanase, beta-dextranase, pectinase and laccase. The invention further provides mutton sheep full-mix daily food including the wheat/rice straw feed. According to the wheat/rice straw feed and the mutton sheep full-mix daily food, wheat and rice straw resources can be fully used, raw materials are easy to obtain, preparing steps are simple, cost is low, the growth performance and the slaughtering performance of mutton sheep can be remarkably improved, and good practical application value is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to domestic animal cultivation field, be specifically related to a kind of Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw feedstuff and
Its preparation method and application.
Background technology
China is the first in the world straw big country, and stalk resource is the abundantest.According in 2014
State's statistical yearbook and corresponding conversion factor calculate, and rice straw yield is 2.065 hundred million tons, little
Wheat Straw yield is 1.262 hundred million tons, and its total output presents ever-increasing trend.Due to wheat straw
With the overwhelming majority that crude fiber content in Caulis et Folium Oryzae accounts for dry, and crude protein proportion is relatively low,
Quality and palatability are poor, and overall nutritive value and animal body are relatively low to its digestive utilization ratio,
It is not suitable for as the haylage survived the winter, so straw feed utilization rate is limited, except part is used as
Outside papermaking, life fuel, major part on-site incineration or also field, cause the tight of feed resource
Heavily waste.The most how to improve its nutritive value and digestibility, it is big for improving its utilization ratio
The needs of power development grain-saving type Herbivores cultivation, are also that to become structure of animal husbandry efficient, excellent
Matter, the inexorable trend of sustainable development.
Wheat stalk and rice straw are by substantial amounts of Organic substance and a small amount of inorganic matter and moisture
Being formed, wherein, organic main component is carbohydrate, and carbohydrate is by fiber
Element class material and soluble saccharide composition, additionally, the most a small amount of crude protein and crude fat.Fine
Dimension element class material is the main component of plant cell wall, and it includes cellulose, hemicellulose and three
Tie up cancellated lignin etc..In the composition big composition of straw coarse-fibred three, affect straw and raise
The main limiting factor of material digestibility is lignin.Hemicellulose in straw composition and cellulose
Can be degraded by the rumen microorganism of ruminant and utilize, but due to lignin and hemicellulose phase
In cross-linking and cellulose is embedded in mutually, connect with firm ehter bond or ester bond；Simultaneously,
Lignin surrounds again cellulose and forms a kind of surrounding matrix, causes microorganism and double fiber of enzyme
Element, the degraded of cellulose are suppressed, and lack again the enzyme of lignin degrading in animal body；
Therefore, this special ligno-cellulosic-hemicellulose complex of stalk cell wall, limit
Plant-eating animal is to the digestion of the composition such as hemicellulose, cellulose and utilization, thus hinders straw
The release of stalk intracellular nutritional material, causes the digestibility of straw to reduce.So, interrupt wooden
Ester bond or the ehter bond of element are lignin degradings, improve the key of straw digestibility.
Bio-enzyme degradation technology mainly relies on cellulase, hemicellulase and lignoenzyme
Between synergism carry out decomposing lignocellulose structure.Cellulase can attack glycosidic bond,
Make cell wall structure loose, lignin is carried out oxide side chain simultaneously and methylates, then wood
Phenyl ring in quality is unwind, and degraded makes it soft further, and surface area increases, micro-
Biology is in contact with it area and increases, thus promotes the degraded of fibre fractionation, and cellulase can drop
Solving cellulose and generate glucose, hydrolysis β-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae glycosidic bond is by a part of cellulose in straw
Be converted into the cellobiose or glucose that can be utilized, and inside and outside in cellulase cut β-
Glucanase degradable stalk cellulose generates cellobiose and cell-oligosaccharide, then through β-Fructus Vitis viniferae
Glycosidase resolves into the available glucose of body, and 1,4 beta-glucanase and xylanase etc. half is fine
Dimension element enzyme energy degradation of hemicellulose is various pentose, and reduces after hemicellulose is dissolved in water viscous
Degree.Xylanase can destroy the lignin component in straw further.Pectase can make plant
The protective layer on top layer is destroyed, and internal probiotic bacteria can enter plant tissue and become fiber
Decompose, improve the degradation rate of lignocellulose.Laccase has degraded and makees lignin
With.Above-mentioned 3 class enzyme preparations are respectively acting on cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin
Layer, it is simple to internal probiotic bacteria plays a role in timely entering plant cell；Destroy Plant fiber
Structure, make cellulose be converted into utilizable carbohydrate, thus improve further
The degradation rate of Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw lignocellulose, promotes that animal is to wheat stalk and Oryza sativa L. straw
The digestion of stalk nutrition and absorption, the final utilization rate improving straw feed and promotion growth of animal.
Additionally, enzyme can be produced in batches and compound becomes enzyme preparation, apply simple and convenient, before application
Scape is wide.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to utilize Semen Tritici aestivi or rice straw resource, by use Enzyme reactors
Obtain a kind of novel wheat/rice straw promoting meat sheep growth performance and Slaughter to raise
Material.
Specifically, the invention provides a kind of Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw feedstuff, it comprises little
Wheat/rice straw and Enzyme reactors.
Enzyme reactors of the present invention comprises: cellulase, xylanase, beta glucan
Enzyme, pectase and laccase.Described Enzyme reactors can by the enzyme agent of commercially available corresponding kind by than
Example mixes.
In described Enzyme reactors: cellulase >=100,000 U/g, xylanase >=10,000,000
U/g, 1,4 beta-glucanase >=20,000,000 U/g, pectase >=100,000 U/g, and laccase >=
0.5 ten thousand U/g.
As the preferred version of the present invention, in described Enzyme reactors: cellulase >=300,000
U/g, xylanase >=20,000,000 U/g, 1,4 beta-glucanase >=50,000,000 U/g, pectin
Enzyme >=300,000 U/g, laccase >=10,000 U/g.
It is further preferred that described Enzyme reactors contains: cellulase 30～400,000 U
/ g, xylanase 2000～25,000,000 U/g, 1,4 beta-glucanase 5000～fifty-five million U/g,
Pectase 30～400,000 U/g, laccase 1～50,000 U/g.
In order to improve effect, the present invention consumption to Semen Tritici aestivi or rice straw with described Enzyme reactors
Relation has carried out preferably, specifically comprises the composition of following weight portion: Semen Tritici aestivi or rice straw 1000
Part, Enzyme reactors 0.1～10 parts；Preferably comprise: Semen Tritici aestivi or rice straw 1000 parts, enzyme is multiple
Mixture 0.5～2 parts.
In scheme of the present invention, respectively with wheat stalk, rice straw as raw material, Ji Kexiang
Wheat stalk feedstuff, rice straw feedstuff should be obtained in ground.
In actual applications, the Semen Tritici aestivi gathered in immediately after preferably removing fringe or rice straw；In order to
Increasing specific surface area, can be used by the described powder of straw section of being broken into shape, segment length is preferably smaller than 5cm,
More preferably 2～3cm.
Semen Tritici aestivi of the present invention/rice straw feedstuff is prepared from the most in the following manner: will go
The Semen Tritici aestivi gathered in immediately after fringe or rice straw are pulverized, and are dissolved in by enzyme compound formulation after water with described
Straw mix homogeneously after pulverizing,.When mixing, preferably by agricultural crop straw water content
Control 50～70%.
Invention further provides a kind of meat sheep TRM, comprise the one-tenth of following weight portion
Point: Semen Tritici aestivi of the present invention or rice straw feedstuff 40～60 parts, Semen Maydis 15～25 parts, bean cake
10～20 parts, wheat bran 5～15 parts, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.1～1 part, Sal 0.1～1 part, stone powder 0.5～5
Part, the premix material 0.5 containing vitamin and trace element～2 parts.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described meat sheep TRM comprises the present invention
Described wheat stalk feedstuff, specifically comprises the composition of following weight portion: wheat stalk feedstuff
48～52 parts, Semen Maydis 17～20 parts, bean cake 17～19 parts, wheat bran 8～12 parts, calcium hydrogen phosphate
0.3～0.7 part, Sal 0.3～0.7 part, stone powder 1～2 parts, pre-containing vitamin and trace element
Batch mixing 0.5～1.5 parts.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described meat sheep TRM comprises the present invention
Described rice straw feedstuff, specifically comprises the composition of following weight portion: rice straw feedstuff
48～52 parts, Semen Maydis 19～22 parts, bean cake 15～17 parts, wheat bran 8～12 parts, calcium hydrogen phosphate
0.3～0.7 part, Sal 0.3～0.7 part, stone powder 1～2 parts, pre-containing vitamin and trace element
Batch mixing 0.5～1.5 parts.
Described stone powder refers to limestone mine stone powder, and wherein calcium content is 30～35%.
Premix material of the present invention comprises the vitamin of the necessary content of domestic animal growth institute and micro-
Secondary element, specifically comprises VA, VD3, VE, ferrum, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium, iodine and cobalt.
The composition of described premix material is preferably every kilogram of animal feeding-stuff and provides: VA13000IU,
VD34200IU, VE40mg, ferrum 66mg, copper 13mg, manganese 60mg, zinc 60mg, selenium
0.3mg, iodine 0.5mg, cobalt 0.2mg.
The present invention protects described Semen Tritici aestivi or rice straw feedstuff or described meat sheep complete further
Mixed ration application in feeding meat sheep；Described meat sheep is preferably fattening period meat sheep.
Described feed domestic animal particularly as follows: when domestic animal freely drinks water, morning every day and
Respectively feed once in the afternoon, and after feeding end, the surplus of feedstuff is 5～15% every time, is preferably
10%.
Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw feedstuff and meat sheep TRM that the present invention provides can be fully sharp
With stalk resource, raw material is easy to get, and preparation process is simple, with low cost, can significantly improve meat
The growth performance of sheep and Slaughter, have good actual application value.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
In following embodiment, described Enzyme reactors by the enzyme agent of commercially available corresponding kind by than
Example mixes；Wherein, cellulase, xylanase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, pectase and
Laccase is purchased from Baiyin Sino Biotechnology Co., Ltd..
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of wheat stalk feedstuff；The wheat stalk used takes from Gansu
Save Jinchang City, gather in after results seed on June 30th, 2015.
Described wheat stalk feedstuff comprises following composition: 2～3cm section shapes after results seed are little
Wheat Straw 1000kg, Enzyme reactors 1kg；Described Enzyme reactors contains: cellulase 300,000 U
/ g, xylanase 20,000,000 U/g, 1,4 beta-glucanase 50,000,000 U/g, pectase 300,000 U/g,
Laccase 10,000 U/g.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of rice straw feedstuff；Used rice straw takes from Jilin Province
Jilin, kind is the rice fragrance of a flower, gathers in after results seed in 2015.
Described rice straw feedstuff comprises following composition: gather in the crops 2～3cm section shape water after seed
Rice straw 1000kg, Enzyme reactors 1kg；The composition of described Enzyme reactors is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of meat sheep TRM, specifically become to be grouped into by following: real
Execute wheat stalk feedstuff 50kg, Semen Maydis 18.5kg, bean cake 18kg, wheat bran 10kg that example 1 provides,
Calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.5kg, Sal 0.5kg, stone powder 1.5kg, containing vitamin and the premix of trace element
Material 1kg；
The every kilogram of animal feeding-stuff that consists of of described premix material provides: VA13000IU,
VD34200IU, VE40mg, ferrum 66mg, copper 13mg, manganese 60mg, zinc 60mg, selenium 0.3mg,
Iodine 0.5mg, cobalt 0.2mg.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide a kind of meat sheep TRM, specifically become to be grouped into by following: real
Execute rice straw feedstuff 50kg, Semen Maydis 20.5kg, bean cake 16kg, wheat bran 10kg that example 2 provides,
Calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.5kg, Sal 0.5kg, stone powder 1.5kg, containing vitamin and the premix of trace element
Material 1kg；The composition of described premix material is with embodiment 4.
Experimental example
The meat sheep TRM that this experimental example provides by embodiment 3 and 4 feeds meat sheep, inspection
Survey it to meat sheep growth performance and the effect of Slaughter.
This experimental example arranges Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. and the Semen Tritici aestivi being not added with enzyme preparation simultaneously and rice straw is made
For matched group, specifically comprise: Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. or Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw (no additives) 50kg, beautiful
Rice 25kg, bean cake 11.5kg, wheat bran 10kg, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.5kg, Sal 0.5kg, stone powder
1.5kg, containing vitamin and the premix material of trace element (composition is identical with embodiment 3,4) 1kg.
This experimental example selects body weight to be that (25.09kg ± 1.54kg), monthly age are close, and body condition is good
Du Bo × Small-fat-tail sheep first familiar generation public affairs lamb (non-castration) be laboratory animal；Each place
Manage and 5 circles are set, 4 sheep of each circle, 20 altogether；Experiment sheep every day is respectively at 8:00
Feed 2 times with 16:00, freely drink water.Scale of feeding is entered according to the food-intake of sheep the previous day
Row sum-equal matrix, it is ensured that have the surplus material of about 10% in feed trough；Raising in advance 10 days, the formal test phase is
60 days.
Testing index, particularly as follows: original body mass, terminates body weight, and daily gain, dry is searched for food
Amount, feed-weight ratio, Slaughter weight, carcass weight and dressing percentage.
Wherein, original body mass and end body weight: preliminary trial period starts and the just phase of trying terminates morning on the same day
Carry out claiming the empty body weight of every sheep before raising.Increase day by day according to body weight numerical computations at formal whole story phase
Weight；Accurately weigh every day and itemized record often enclose inventory and surplus doses.1 is gathered every 7d
Secondary feedstuff and surplus material sample, measure its conventional nutrients.Slaughter weight is 16 hours on an empty stomach
After body weight, carcass weight is weight for decaptitating, after hoof, skin, internal organs, and dressing percentage is according to trunk
Weight and Slaughter weight calculate.
Result is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.Test data uses SPSS19.0 statistical software
ANOVA carries out variance analysis, and significant difference then carries out multiple comparisons by DuncanShi method.
P < 0.05 is as the criterion of significant difference.
Table 1: the animal feeding-stuff impact on meat sheep growth performance
Table 1 result shows: in Semen Tritici aestivi process group and Oryza sativa L. process group, tests sheep inchoate aspect
The method of double differences different the most not notable (P > 0.05), meets the principle of random packet.From dry matter intake
On see, each group difference is notable (P=0.154).Without adding the end body of wheat stalk group
Weight and daily gain are substantially less than adds enzyme preparation wheat stalk group (embodiment 3；P < 0.05),
End body weight and daily gain without adding rice straw group are substantially less than adds enzyme preparation Oryza sativa L. straw
Stalk group (embodiment 4；P<0.05)；And feed-weight ratio value Changing Pattern is contrary with daily gain, say
After bright Semen Tritici aestivi and rice straw add enzyme preparation, efficiency of feed utilization is above being not added with group
(P<0.05).Add enzyme preparation wheat stalk group (embodiment 3) and terminate body weight and daily gain
Slightly above Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. group, feed-weight ratio is less than Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. group, and it is (real to add enzyme preparation rice straw group
Execute example 4) terminate body weight, average weight and feed-weight ratio all close in Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. group, illustrate Semen Tritici aestivi with
After rice straw adds enzyme preparation, growth performance performance is good.
Table 2: the animal feeding-stuff impact on meat sheep Slaughter
| Process group | Slaughterings (head) | Slaughter weight (kg) | Carcass weight (kg) | Dressing percentage (%) |
| Embodiment 3 | 5 | 36.34 | 16.10 | 44.30 |
| Air-dry wheat stalk (no additives) | 5 | 33.05 | 12.76 | 38.60 |
| Standard error (SEM) | - | 0.517 | 0.180 | 2.978 |
| P value | - | 0.000 | 0.024 | 0.009 |
| Embodiment 4 | 5 | 35.05 | 15.66 | 44.68 |
| Air-dry rice straw (no additives) | 5 | 30.77 | 13.08 | 42.51 |
| Standard error (SEM) | - | 0.412 | 0.306 | 0.607 |
| P value | - | 0.005 | 0.041 | 0.034 |
| Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. | 5 | 33.14 | 14.18 | 42.80 |
Table 2 result shows: without adding the Slaughter weight of wheat stalk group, carcass weight and butchering
Rate is all substantially less than adds enzyme preparation wheat stalk group (embodiment 3；P < 0.05), and without adding
Add the Slaughter weight of rice straw group, carcass weight and dressing percentage and the most substantially less than add enzyme preparation
Rice straw group (embodiment 4；P<0.05).Illustrate that Semen Tritici aestivi and rice straw add enzyme preparation
After can significantly improve Slaughter (P < 0.05).Add enzyme preparation Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw group
(embodiment 3,4) Slaughter weight, carcass weight and dressing percentage numerical value are all slightly above Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. group,
After Semen Tritici aestivi and rice straw interpolation enzyme preparation are described, Slaughter performance is good.
In described Tables 1 and 2, the feed mode of each process group is identical with condition.By
The data of Tables 1 and 2 understand, the present invention provide Semen Tritici aestivi or rice straw feedstuff and
Meat sheep TRM can significantly improve growth performance and the Slaughter of meat sheep, has good
Good actual application value.
Although, used general explanation, detailed description of the invention and test, to this
Bright make detailed description, but on the basis of the present invention, it can have been made some modifications or improvements,
This will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, without departing from present invention spirit
On the basis of these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw the feedstuff containing Enzyme reactors, it is characterised in that bag
Containing Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw and Enzyme reactors；
Described Enzyme reactors comprises: cellulase, xylanase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, pectin
Enzyme and laccase.
Semen Tritici aestivi the most according to claim 1/rice straw feedstuff, it is characterised in that institute
State in Enzyme reactors: cellulase, xylanase, 1,4 beta-glucanase, pectase and laccase
All >=10,000 U/g.
Semen Tritici aestivi the most according to claim 1/rice straw feedstuff, it is characterised in that
In described Enzyme reactors: cellulase >=300,000 U/g, xylanase >=20,000,000 U
/ g, 1,4 beta-glucanase >=50,000,000 U/g, pectase >=300,000 U/g, laccase >=10,000 U
/g。
4., according to the Semen Tritici aestivi described in claims 1 to 3 any one/rice straw feedstuff, it is special
Levy and be, comprise the composition of following weight portion: Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw 1000 parts, Enzyme reactors
0.1～10 part.
Semen Tritici aestivi the most according to claim 4/rice straw feedstuff, it is characterised in that bag
Composition containing following weight portion: Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw 1000 parts, Enzyme reactors 0.5～2 parts.
6., according to the Semen Tritici aestivi described in Claims 1 to 5 any one/rice straw feedstuff, it is special
Levying and be, described Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw is particularly as follows: Semen Tritici aestivi/Oryza sativa L. straw of gathering in immediately after removing fringe
Stalk or the Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw air-dried after removing fringe.
7. a meat sheep TRM, it is characterised in that comprise the composition of following weight portion:
Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw feedstuff 40 described in claim 1～6 any one～60 parts, Semen Maydis
15～25 parts, bean cake 10～20 parts, wheat bran 5～15 parts, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.1～1 part, Sal
0.1～1 part, stone powder 0.5～5 parts, the premix material 0.5 containing vitamin and trace element～2 parts.
8. Semen Tritici aestivi/rice straw the feedstuff described in claim 1～6 any one or claim
Meat sheep TRM application in feeding meat sheep described in 7.
Application the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described in feed meat sheep tool
Body is: when meat sheep freely drinks water, and morning every day and afternoon respectively feed once, often
Secondary feed end after the surplus of feedstuff be 5～15%.
Application the most according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that described meat sheep is
Fattening period meat sheep.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107047987A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-18 | 内蒙古河套农牧业技术研究院 | A kind of fermented composite feed for feeding Fattening Sheep and its application |
| CN110074269A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-02 | 兰州大学 | A kind of complex enzyme formulation and the feed for sheep for adding the complex enzyme formulation |
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| CN105211551A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-06 | 上海国龙生物科技有限公司 | A kind of high-efficiency biological active fodder additives for ruminant and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1457669A (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2003-11-26 | 北京精准动物营养研究中心 | Method for preparing compound granular fodder for cow and sheep using plant stalk and agricultural and sideline products |
| US20150250208A1 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2015-09-10 | Purina Animal Nutrition Llc | Methods of Feeding Animals Liquid Feed with Soluble Fiber and Sugar Alcohol |
| CN102726594A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-17 | 郝伟星 | High-efficiency multienzyme concentration forage |
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| CN110074269A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-02 | 兰州大学 | A kind of complex enzyme formulation and the feed for sheep for adding the complex enzyme formulation |
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Application publication date: 20160706 |