CN105720852A - Single-phase five-level inverter with battery energy balance function and control strategy thereof - Google Patents
Single-phase five-level inverter with battery energy balance function and control strategy thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105720852A CN105720852A CN201610081856.5A CN201610081856A CN105720852A CN 105720852 A CN105720852 A CN 105720852A CN 201610081856 A CN201610081856 A CN 201610081856A CN 105720852 A CN105720852 A CN 105720852A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-phase five-level inverter with a battery energy balance function. The inverter consists of a half-bridge two-level inverter, a three-level diode-clamped inverter, a bilateral switch and two filter inductors. In an inverter topological structure provided by the invention, redundant switch combinations exist on a part of levels, but electric energy charging and discharging situations of an energy storage battery on a direct-current side are different in different switch states. Balance of battery energy can be realized by means of selecting the redundant switch combinations. Compared with a conventional five-level inverter, the single-phase five-level inverter has the advantages that a quantity of switching devices is reduced, and the reliability is enhanced. A voltage and an electric quantity of a battery (capacitor) can be balanced, so that the problem of imbalance of the electric quantity of the battery (capacity) on the direct-current side caused by charging imbalance can be solved when shadows or hot spots occur on a local photovoltaic panel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric and electronic technical field, relate to a kind of one-phase five-level inverter, particularly relate to a kind of one-phase five-level inverter with energy content of battery equilibrium function and control strategy thereof.
Background technology
In academia and industrial quarters, of increased attention with the new forms of energy etc. that solar energy, wind energy are Typical Representative, because new forms of energy largely decrease the dependence to traditional fossil energy, there is important effect for alleviating energy crisis and protection environment.Especially with the development of semiconductor technology in recent years, the efficiency of photovoltaic battery panel improves constantly, and cost constantly declines, thus promoting photovoltaic generating system to be used more and more widely.And independent island etc. regional for remote geographic location is powered and then needs independent photovoltaic generating system.
The most frequently used structure of angle of solar battery system is exactly that solar energy is each first changed into electrical power storage in respective battery by multiple photovoltaic panel, then by the battery DC side as inversion, gets up to carry out inversion by multiple serial battery.If battery imbalance may result in local fault even whole system and shuts down, battery will also result in the damage of unrepairable, this needs the longer time to recover.These problems make to must take into certain measure and carry out the energy of balancing battery so that the energy difference opposite sex between battery is little as far as possible.
Present inversion system substantially has a two schemes, and a kind of is the system relatively low for DC voltage, adopts the photovoltaic generating system of twin-stage topology, namely first passes through booster circuit and rise to high pressure, then carry out inversion.This mode controls to be relatively easy to, but the loss that the cascade of two-stage also makes system increases, and efficiency declines.In order to reduce loss, improve efficiency, also a kind of scheme is the inversion system higher for DC voltage, adopts single-stage inverter.For single-stage inverter, although improve efficiency, if but to adopt a very big shortcoming of traditional full-bridge inverting be exactly that output harmonic wave content is significantly high, and this meaning is higher to the requirement of wave filter.Then considering to use multi-electrical level inverter, many level reduce the harmonic wave of output, and low harmony wave reduces the requirement of wave filter, reduces wave distortion, improve the quality of power supply of photovoltaic generating system.But, for the development of traditional multi-electrical level inverter be limited by always power device increase cause that loss increase, device voltage stress be limited, the restricted problem such as condenser voltage equilibrium problem and integrity problem aspect.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of one-phase five-level inverter with energy content of battery equilibrium function and control strategy thereof.
The one-phase five-level inverter with energy content of battery equilibrium function of the present invention, including: the first battery, the second battery, the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the 3rd switching tube, the 4th switching tube, the 5th switching tube, the 6th switching tube, the 7th switching tube, the first diode, the second diode, the 3rd diode, the 4th diode, the 5th diode, the 6th diode, the first filter inductance, the second filter inductance;
Above-mentioned all switching tubes all adopt MOSFET to manage;
The positive pole of the first battery and the drain electrode of the first switching tube, the drain electrode of the 6th switching tube is connected, the source electrode of the first switching tube and the negative pole of the first diode, the drain electrode of second switch pipe is connected, the source electrode of second switch pipe and the drain electrode of the 3rd switching tube, one end of first filter inductance is connected, the source electrode of the 3rd switching tube and the positive pole of the second diode, the drain electrode of the 4th switching tube connects, the positive pole of the first diode, the negative pole of the second diode and the negative pole of the first battery, the positive pole of the second battery, the positive pole of the 5th diode, the negative pole of the 6th diode connects altogether, the source electrode of the 6th switching tube and the positive pole of the 3rd diode, the negative pole of the 4th diode, the drain electrode of the 7th switching tube, one end of second filter inductance is connected, the source electrode of the 4th switching tube, the source electrode of the 7th switching tube is all connected with the negative pole of the second battery, the negative pole of the 3rd diode, the negative pole of the 5th diode and the drain electrode of the 5th switching tube are connected, the positive pole of the 4th diode, the positive pole of the 6th diode and the source electrode of the 5th switching tube are connected, and the other end of the first filter inductance and the other end of the second filter inductance are connected with the two ends of load respectively.
The control strategy of above-mentioned one-phase five-level inverter is as follows:
1) the first, second, the 7th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;First battery, the second battery all discharge;
2) second, third, the 7th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turn off;Second battery discharge;
3) the first, second, the 5th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;First battery discharge;
4) second, third, the 5th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turn off;Battery does not all discharge;
5) the three, the four, the 7th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;Battery does not all discharge;
6) the first, second, the 6th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;Battery does not discharge;
7) second, third, the 6th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turn off;First battery discharge;
8) the three, the four, the 5th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;Second battery discharge;
9) the three, the four, the 6th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;First battery, the second battery all discharge.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: this inverter topology has the on off state of redundancy when section output levels, by these on off states of reasonable distribution, the energy of the set of cells of DC side can be balanced, reduce the uneven degree of the energy content of battery, battery is played the effect of maintenance, it is also possible to improve the reliability of system.It addition, this topology employs less switching tube so that the loss of system reduces, and efficiency and reliability are improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-phase five-level inverter topology diagram with energy content of battery equilibrium function.
Fig. 2 is the application entire block diagram of the five-electrical level inverter topology of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of one-phase five-level inverter with energy content of battery balancing, as it is shown in figure 1, include two batteries (voltage is Vdc1, Vdc2 respectively), 7 MOSFET (S1-S7), 6 diodes (D1-D6), two output inductors (L1, L2);The positive pole of the first battery and the drain electrode of S1, the drain electrode of S6 is connected, the source electrode of S1 and the negative pole of D1, the drain electrode of S2 is connected, the source electrode of S2 and the drain electrode of S3, one end of L1 is connected, the source electrode of S3 and the positive pole of D2, the drain electrode of S4 connects, the positive pole of D1, the negative pole of D2 and the negative pole of the first battery, the positive pole of the second battery, the positive pole of D5, the negative pole of D6 connects altogether, the source electrode of S6 and the positive pole of D3, the negative pole of D4, the drain electrode of S7, one end of L2 is connected, the source electrode of S4, the source electrode of S7 is all connected with the negative pole of the second battery, the negative pole of D3, the negative pole of D5 is connected with the drain electrode of S5, the positive pole of D4, the positive pole of D6 is connected with the source electrode of S5, the other end of L1 and the other end of L2 are connected with the two ends of load R respectively.
This topological structure is the output of diode clamping three level to be connected on one end of load, and another termination of load is the output point of half-bridge two level block.Two-way switch S5 is connected between the output point of nature midpoint and half-bridge two level.Diode clamp three level can produce Vdc1, and 0, and the level of-Vdc2, the inversion output of half-bridge two level can produce Vdc1, with the voltage of-Vdc2, namely this topology can export five level+(Vdc1+Vdc2), Vdc1,0 ,-Vdc2, and-(Vdc1+Vdc2).If the voltage of two batteries is well balanced to energy approximately equivalent, the voltage simultaneously making them is equal, namely has Vdc1=Vdc2=0.5Vdc, then it appeared that five level produced will become+Vdc ,+0.5Vdc, 0 ,-0.5Vdc, and-Vdc.The switch combination that each level is corresponding is as shown in table 1, gives the power of two batteries in table, and wherein P1 represents the battery 1 i.e. power of Vdc1, and wherein P2 represents the battery 2 i.e. power of Vdc2, and wherein P represents the power that this inverter exports.Listing the switch redundant state exported under each level in table, wherein the energy of battery is had Different Effects by the switch redundant state when 0.5Vdc and-0.5Vdc, utilizes this feature can solve the problem when two battery electric quantity imbalances.
Table 1
Present invention ground topological structure being applied in photovoltaic generating system, as in figure 2 it is shown, be the application entire block diagram of this topology, this topology can be specifically designed for the energy balance problem of two set of cells series resonant inverters of solution.The voltage ratio of two batteries is higher, it is possible to be being composed in series of monomer high-tension battery or multiple batteries, if carrying balanced management inside the words of series connection.It is output as AC load, such as alternating current generator or bulk power grid.Solar energy is first each changed into electrical power storage and (is usually large-capacity single battery or with balanced set of cells in the battery by two independent photovoltaic panel, later description will represent with " battery "), so latter two battery combination carries out inversion together as dc bus side, and solar energy photovoltaic panel comprises MPPT maximal power tracing algorithm to the charge controller of battery.Inversion adopts the single-phase five level inverse conversion topologys that the present invention proposes.Ideally each battery provides the half of inversion output energy.
In photovoltaic system, the energy inconsistency of two batteries is perhaps because part photovoltaic panel and is blocked by cloud or tree or occur what the reasons such as hot localised points caused.The appearance of shade can reduce the charge power of battery, and focus can increase the charge power of battery, and this all can make the energy not reequilibrate of battery thus causing that imbalance occurs in the SOC of battery.Typically, at the photovoltaic inverting system that some are independent, the time of load electricity consumption is greater than the time of illumination.If running in unbalanced situation of battery last, the battery of low electricity will quickly run out and cause that system is quickly paralysed.This also makes other battery not be fully utilized.
In the topological structure of the present invention, the balancing energy method of an effective balancing battery discharge and recharge is that the Redundanter schalter state using same level carries out cell equalization.When exporting+Vdc and-Vdc, two batteries respectively provide the half of output, it is impossible to the electricity of battery is balanced.When output level is+0.5Vdc and-0.5Vdc, then redundant state can be used to carry out the power distribution of battery, thus realizing energy (i.e. electricity) balance of two batteries.When being output as 0 level, the power of battery is 0.
If the capacity difference of battery is within the scope of restriction, then it is assumed that the energy of battery 1 and battery 2 is equal.If the electricity difference absolute value of power supply exceedes limits value, then it is assumed that their electricity is unequal, by comparing the energy magnitude relationship determining battery 1 and battery 2.Being allocated as follows of on off state (with reference to table 1):
Situation 1: when battery 1 energy is equal to the energy content of battery 2, when+0.5Vdc, select Switch State Combination in Power Systems sequence number 3 (2), is carried out output electric energy by battery 1 (2);When-0.5Vdc, select Switch State Combination in Power Systems sequence number 8 (7), battery 2 (1) carry out output electric energy (two ways takes turns to operate with certain frequency, thus playing the purpose of equalizer switch pipe heat radiation);Output 0 then three kinds of switch combination 4,5,6 states take turns to operate, it is possible to play the effect that switching tube heating is balanced.
Situation 2: when battery 1 energy is more than the energy content of battery 2, when+0.5Vdc, selects Switch State Combination in Power Systems sequence number 3, battery 1 carry out output electric energy;When-0.5Vdc, select Switch State Combination in Power Systems sequence number 7, battery 1 carry out output electric energy;Output 0 then three kinds of switch combination 4,5,6 states take turns to operate, it is possible to play the effect that switching tube heating is balanced.This makes electricity (SOC) difference between battery reduce.Until returning to battery 1 and battery 2 energy is equal, enter situation 1.
Situation 3: when battery 2 energy is more than the energy content of battery 1, when+0.5Vdc, selects Switch State Combination in Power Systems sequence number 2, battery 2 carry out output electric energy;When-0.5Vdc, select Switch State Combination in Power Systems sequence number 8, battery 2 carry out output electric energy;Output 0 then three kinds of switch combination 4,5,6 states take turns to operate, it is possible to play the effect that switching tube heating is balanced.This makes electricity (SOC) difference between battery reduce.Until returning to battery 1 and battery 2 energy is equal, enter situation 1.
In fact it is found that the power of two battery offers can accurately calculate, and their numerical values recited depends on amplitude modulation(PAM) ratio, and such feature can be advantageously used in the energy balance aspect of battery.
The components and parts inside MATLAB/Simulink are adopted to build phantom, the one-phase five-level inverter that the present invention is proposed emulates and its electric energy balance effect is verified, simulation parameter is as shown in table 2, simulation result shows, decline along with modulating wave amplitude modulation(PAM) ratio, the gross energy that two batteries provide declines, and when amplitude modulation(PAM) ratio drops to below 0.5, inverter is changed in quality for tri-level inversion.But whether amplitude modulation(PAM) ratio is for how many, this topology all can realize the equilibrium between energy, and this is significant for ensureing inverter safe and stable operation and prolongation battery life.
Table 2
Parameter | Size |
Battery rated voltage | Vdc1=Vdc2=96V |
Output voltage frequency | 50Hz |
Switching frequency | 1kHz |
Amplitude modulation(PAM) ratio | 0.9、0.6、0.3 |
Test load | 78 Ω resistance+50mH inductance |
The topological structure that the present invention proposes can realize single-phase five level inverse conversions very well, and output voltage, current harmonic content are few, easy to control.This inversion scheme and traditional five-electrical level inverter (the many level of such as neutral-point-clamped, the many level of striding capacitance and full-bridge cascading multiple electrical level) are compared and are had lot of advantages,.Less switching tube and less clamp diode is needed than five traditional level inverse conversion topologys.Carrier modulation of shifting to based on PWM is applied in the control of this five-electrical level inverter.The switch combination state utilizing redundancy realizes the balance of battery electric quantity, especially when the situation of local photovoltaic panel generation shadow occlusion or strong illumination.The present invention can be advantageously applied in the micro-inversion of single-phase photovoltaic or microgrid, and particularly with the independent photovoltaic inversion system accessed without electrical network, this topology has good application prospect.
Claims (2)
1. there is an one-phase five-level inverter for energy content of battery equilibrium function, including: the first battery, the second battery, the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the 3rd switching tube, the 4th switching tube, the 5th switching tube, the 6th switching tube, the 7th switching tube, the first diode, the second diode, the 3rd diode, the 4th diode, the 5th diode, the 6th diode, the first filter inductance, the second filter inductance;
Above-mentioned all switching tubes all adopt switch mosfet device;
The positive pole of the first battery and the drain electrode of the first switching tube, the drain electrode of the 6th switching tube is connected, the source electrode of the first switching tube and the negative pole of the first diode, the drain electrode of second switch pipe is connected, the source electrode of second switch pipe and the drain electrode of the 3rd switching tube, one end of first filter inductance is connected, the source electrode of the 3rd switching tube and the positive pole of the second diode, the drain electrode of the 4th switching tube connects, the positive pole of the first diode, the negative pole of the second diode and the negative pole of the first battery, the positive pole of the second battery, the positive pole of the 5th diode, the negative pole of the 6th diode connects altogether, the source electrode of the 6th switching tube and the positive pole of the 3rd diode, the negative pole of the 4th diode, the drain electrode of the 7th switching tube, one end of second filter inductance is connected, the source electrode of the 4th switching tube, the source electrode of the 7th switching tube is all connected with the negative pole of the second battery, the negative pole of the 3rd diode, the negative pole of the 5th diode and the drain electrode of the 5th switching tube are connected, the positive pole of the 4th diode, the positive pole of the 6th diode and the source electrode of the 5th switching tube are connected, and the other end of the first filter inductance and the other end of the second filter inductance are connected with the two ends of load respectively.
2. the control strategy of one-phase five-level inverter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that include following nine kinds of modes:
1) the first, second, the 7th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;
2) second, third, the 7th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turn off;
3) the first, second, the 5th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;
4) second, third, the 5th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turn off;
5) the three, the four, the 7th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;
6) the first, second, the 6th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;
7) second, third, the 6th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turn off;
8) the three, the four, the 5th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off;
9) the three, the four, the 6th switching tube conducting, rest switch pipe turns off.
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CN108155794A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | The control method of electric vehicle and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter |
CN108155805A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | The control method of electric vehicle and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter |
CN109256843A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-22 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of dynamically reconfigurable battery energy storage system and its control method |
CN109756138A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-14 | 河海大学 | A kind of control circuit of five Level Full Bridges inverter |
CN111030440A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-17 | 三峡大学 | Single-phase two-tube five-level rectifier based on hybrid H bridge |
CN111030441A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-17 | 三峡大学 | Single-phase power factor correction circuit based on three-tube five-level topology |
CN111082680A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-28 | 三峡大学 | Single-phase five-level rectifier based on T-shaped structure |
CN113517815A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-10-19 | 浙江日风电气股份有限公司 | Three-level bidirectional direct current converter and control system and control method thereof |
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CN108155805B (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2019-11-22 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | The control method of electric car and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter |
CN108155794B (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2019-12-27 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle, DC-DC converter thereof and control method of DC-DC converter |
CN108155794A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | The control method of electric vehicle and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter |
CN109256843B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2021-06-22 | 北京交通大学 | Dynamically reconfigurable battery energy storage system and control method thereof |
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CN109756138A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-14 | 河海大学 | A kind of control circuit of five Level Full Bridges inverter |
CN111030440A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-17 | 三峡大学 | Single-phase two-tube five-level rectifier based on hybrid H bridge |
CN111082680A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-28 | 三峡大学 | Single-phase five-level rectifier based on T-shaped structure |
CN111082680B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-05-04 | 三峡大学 | Single-phase five-level rectifier based on T-shaped structure |
CN111030441B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-04 | 三峡大学 | Single-phase power factor correction circuit based on three-tube five-level topology |
CN111030441A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-17 | 三峡大学 | Single-phase power factor correction circuit based on three-tube five-level topology |
CN113517815A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-10-19 | 浙江日风电气股份有限公司 | Three-level bidirectional direct current converter and control system and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160629 |