CN108155805B - The control method of electric car and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter - Google Patents

The control method of electric car and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108155805B
CN108155805B CN201611110272.2A CN201611110272A CN108155805B CN 108155805 B CN108155805 B CN 108155805B CN 201611110272 A CN201611110272 A CN 201611110272A CN 108155805 B CN108155805 B CN 108155805B
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Prior art keywords
bridge
control
total time
converter
way
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CN108155805A (en
Inventor
张妮
王兴辉
王超
沈晓峰
邬白贺
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electric car and its control methods of DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter, wherein, DC-DC converter includes H bridge, H bridge includes first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, control method is the following steps are included: in the whole life cycle of DC-DC converter, using phase shift modulation control mode and down tube modulate control mode alternately, using phase shift modulation control mode when based on total time TA and TB come select in the first way or second method control H bridge, and it selects to control H bridge with Third Way or fourth way to start DC-DC converter based on total time TC and TD in the control mode for using down tube to modulate, then alternately control is carried out to H bridge based on Tm and Ti again, to open first Guan Guan, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, so that the fever relative equilibrium of first to fourth switching tube in H bridge, improves the working life of switching tube in H bridge.

Description

The control method of electric car and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle engineering field, in particular to a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, a kind of DC- DC converter and a kind of electric car.
Background technique
DC-DC converter is always the important component part of field of power electronics, along with the commercialized hair of electric car Exhibition, DC-DC converter also have become one of important spare part on electric car.The topological structure of DC-DC converter has very much, In Medium-and-large-sized power domain, full bridge PWM converter are a kind of most commonly used topologys.
Wherein, the control mode of full bridge PWM converter has very much, and mostly uses the control of phase shift modulation greatly in the related technology The control mode of mode and down tube modulation.However, using phase shift modulation control mode when, leading arm Sofe Switch easy to accomplish, And lagging leg is not easy to realize Sofe Switch, so that lagging leg is more serious than leading arm fever；When the control mode modulated using down tube, on Sofe Switch easy to accomplish is managed, and down tube is not easy to realize Sofe Switch, so that down tube is more serious than upper tube fever.
Therefore, both the above control mode will lead to switching tube fever serious problems, influence the working life of switching tube.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve one of the technical problem in above-mentioned technology at least to a certain extent.For this purpose, of the invention First purpose be to propose a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, enables to first to fourth switching tube in H bridge Fever relative equilibrium, improves the working life of switching tube in H bridge.
Second object of the present invention is to propose a kind of DC-DC converter.Third object of the present invention is to propose A kind of electric car.
In order to achieve the above objectives, one aspect of the present invention embodiment proposes a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, In, the DC-DC converter includes H bridge, and the H bridge includes that first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th are opened Guan Guan, wherein the first switch tube and the second switch constitute the first bridge arm, the third switching tube and the described 4th Switching tube constitutes the second bridge arm, and the control method obtains the following steps are included: when the DC-DC converter is worked The DC-DC converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control Mode selects control mode when this task, wherein the control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control of phase shift modulation The control mode of mode and down tube modulation；Control mode when selecting this work for the phase shift modulation control mode When, acquisition controls total time TA of the H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and leads to It crosses and judges relationship between the total time TA and the total time TB in a manner of selecting to control the H bridge, with right The first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein with described When first method controls the H bridge, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lag bridge Arm；When controlling the H bridge with the second method, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and first bridge arm is made For lagging leg；When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, obtain with third party Formula is controlled total time TC of the H bridge and is controlled the total time TD of the H bridge with fourth way, and obtains the DC-DC transformation With Third Way control in each working cycles in the course of work that device uses the control mode of the down tube modulation to carry out Setting time Ti of the H bridge and the setting time Tm that the H bridge is controlled with the fourth way, and it is described total by judging Relationship between time TC and the total time TD is to select the DC-DC converter to be controlled when starting the H bridge Mode, and alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Ti and setting time Tm, to open described first Guan Guan, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein with the Third Way control When making the H bridge, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as upper tube and by the second switch and institute The 4th switching tube is stated as down tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to the first switch tube to the 4th switching tube It is controlled；When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as down tube And using the second switch and the 4th switching tube as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to described the One switching tube to the 4th switching tube is controlled.
The control method of DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention is obtained when DC-DC converter is worked The DC-DC converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select Control mode when this task, so that the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube tune in DC-DC converter whole life cycle The control mode of system is alternately.Wherein, the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, obtain Take in the first way control H bridge total time TA and in a second manner control H bridge total time TB, then judge total time TA and Relationship between total time TB finally selects the side controlled H bridge according to the relationship between total time TA and total time TB Formula, to carry out temperature equalization control to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube；When selection sheet When control mode when task is the control mode of down tube modulation, obtain with total time TC of Third Way control H bridge and with Fourth way controls the total time TD of H bridge, and obtains the worked of control mode progress of the DC-DC converter using down tube modulation With the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridge and with the setting time of fourth way control H bridge in each working cycles in journey Then Tm judges the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, finally according to the relationship between total time TC and total time TD Mode that H bridge is controlled when selection DC-DC converter starting, and in the course of work of DC-DC converter according to Ti and Tm carries out alternately control to H bridge, to carry out temperature to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Balance route, thus in whole life cycle, total time TA when DC-DC converter uses the control mode of phase shift modulation with Total time, TB was equal as far as possible, DC-DC converter using down tube modulation control mode when according to total time TC of record and it is total when Between TD first select Third Way or fourth way to control H bridge, then again using Third Way and fourth way to H bridge It alternately controls, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube improves switching tube in H bridge in the case where not increasing cost Working life, so as to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
In order to achieve the above objectives, a kind of DC-DC converter that another aspect of the present invention embodiment proposes, comprising: H bridge, institute Stating H bridge includes first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein the first switch tube and institute It states second switch and constitutes the first bridge arm, the third switching tube and the 4th switching tube constitute the second bridge arm；Control module, The control module when the DC-DC converter is worked for obtaining when once working in the DC-DC converter Control mode, and control mode when control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects this task, The control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the control mode of down tube modulation, wherein elected When control mode when selecting this task is the control mode of the phase shift modulation, the control module acquisition is controlled in the first way Make total time TA of the H bridge and control the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and by judge the total time TA and Relationship between the total time TB is in a manner of selecting to control the H bridge, to open the first switch tube, second Guan Guan, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein when controlling the H bridge with the first method, Using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；Institute is controlled with the second method When stating H bridge, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg；When this work of selection When control mode when making is the control mode of down tube modulation, the control module, which is obtained, controls the H with Third Way Total time TC of bridge and the total time TD that the H bridge is controlled with fourth way, and the DC-DC converter is obtained using under described Control the setting of the H bridge in the course of work that the control mode of pipe modulation carries out in each working cycles with the Third Way The time Ti and setting time Tm that the H bridge is controlled with the fourth way, and by judge the total time TC with it is described Relationship between total time TD is in a manner of selecting the DC-DC converter to control when starting the H bridge, and according to institute It states the setting time Ti and setting time Tm and alternately control is carried out to the H bridge, to the first switch tube, second switch Pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, will when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way The first switch tube and the third switching tube are made as upper tube and by the second switch and the 4th switching tube Control mode for down tube, and use down tube modulation controls the first switch tube to the 4th switching tube；With institute When stating fourth way and controlling the H bridge, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as down tube and by described the Two switching tubes and the 4th switching tube are as upper tube, and the control mode modulated using down tube is to the first switch tube to institute The 4th switching tube is stated to be controlled.
DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention obtains DC-DC by control module when being actuated for work The converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select this Control mode when work so that in DC-DC converter whole life cycle the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube modulation Control mode is alternately.Wherein, the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, pass through control Molding block obtains total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner, and then judgement is total Relationship between time TA and total time TB finally carries out H bridge according to the relationship selection between total time TA and total time TB The mode of control, to carry out temperature equalization control to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube； When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for down tube, obtained by control module with Third Way control Total time TC of H bridge processed and the total time TD that H bridge is controlled with fourth way, and DC-DC converter is obtained using down tube modulation With the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridge and with four directions in each working cycles in the course of work that control mode carries out Formula controls the setting time Tm of H bridge, then judge the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, finally according to total time TC and The mode that relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TD controls H bridge when starting, and in DC-DC converter In the course of work according to Ti and Tm to H bridge carry out alternately control, with to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and 4th switching tube carries out temperature equalization control, thus in whole life cycle, using phase shift modulation control mode when it is total Time TA and total time TB are equal as far as possible, according to total time TC of record and total time TD when the control mode modulated using down tube It first selects Third Way or fourth way to control H bridge, then H bridge is replaced using Third Way and fourth way again Control, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube improves the work of switching tube in H bridge in the case where not increasing cost Service life, so as to extend life cycle.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of electric car comprising above-mentioned DC-DC converter.
The electric car of the embodiment of the present invention can control DC-DC converter in whole life cycle using phase shift tune System control mode and down tube modulation control mode alternately, and using phase shift modulation control mode when total time TA and total time TB are equal as far as possible, according to first selecting with total time TD total time TC of record when the control mode modulated using down tube Third Way or fourth way is selected to control H bridge, then again alternately control H bridge using Third Way and fourth way System can be realized and carry out temperature equalization to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube in H bridge Control, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube improves the work of switching tube in H bridge in the case where not increasing cost Service life, to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram according to the DC-DC converter of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart according to the control method of the DC-DC converter of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 A is four when being controlled using first method the H bridge switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 B is four when being controlled using second method the H bridge switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 A is four when being controlled using Third Way the H bridge switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 B is four when being controlled using fourth way the H bridge switching tube according to one embodiment of the invention Drive waveforms schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart according to the control method of the DC-DC converter of a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the block diagram according to the electric car of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
With reference to the accompanying drawings come describe the embodiment of the present invention proposition DC-DC converter control method, DC-DC converter And the electric car with the DC-DC converter.
As shown in Figure 1, DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the invention includes H bridge, H bridge may include first switch Pipe Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4.Wherein, first switch tube Q1 and second switch Q2 The first bridge arm is constituted, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 constitute the second bridge arm, first switch tube Q1 and second switch There is first node A between Q2, there is second node B between third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4.
Also, as shown in Figure 1, the DC-DC converter further includes transformer, the first inductance L1, first capacitor C1, the second electricity Sense L2 and the second capacitor C2, the 5th switching tube Q5, the 6th switching tube Q6, one end of the first inductance L1 are connected with first node A, the The other end of one inductance L1 is connected with one end of first capacitor C1, the armature winding of the other end and transformer of first capacitor C1 One end is connected, and the other end of the armature winding of transformer is connected with second node B.The secondary windings of transformer is separately connected the 5th Switching tube Q5 and the 6th switching tube Q6, the second inductance L2 and the second capacitor C2 are connected to the output end of DC-DC converter.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the control method of above-mentioned DC-DC converter the following steps are included:
S1 obtains the control mode when work of DC-DC converter last time, and root when DC-DC converter is worked Control mode when working according to the DC-DC converter last time selects control mode when this task, wherein DC-DC converter Control mode include phase shift modulation control mode and down tube modulation control mode.
In other words, the every task of DC-DC converter starts, and reads control mode used by the last time, if last work Control mode used by making is the control mode of phase shift modulation, then this task of DC-DC converter will be using down tube modulation Control mode；If last time work used by control mode be down tube modulation control mode, DC-DC converter this Work will be using the control mode of phase shift modulation.In this way, in the whole life cycle of DC-DC converter, the control of phase shift modulation The control mode of mode and down tube modulation processed is alternately.
S2, control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, acquisition is controlled in the first way Total time TA of H bridge processed and the total time TB for controlling H bridge in a second manner, and by judging between total time TA and total time TB Relationship in a manner of selecting to control H bridge, to open first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th It closes pipe and carries out temperature equalization control.
Wherein, when controlling the H bridge with the first method, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and will be described Second bridge arm is as lagging leg；When controlling the H bridge with the second method, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, And using first bridge arm as lagging leg.
According to one embodiment of present invention, when controlling the H bridge with the first method, output to first switch tube Q1 Control signal with output to second switch Q2 control signal it is complementary and export to third switching tube Q3 control signal It is complementary with the control signal of output to the 4th switching tube Q4, and the previous phase angle super than the 4th switching tube Q4 first switch tube Q1 It opens and the previous phase angle super than third switching tube Q3 second switch Q2 is open-minded.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch tube Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgeABWaveform is as shown in Figure 3A.From figure 3A it can be concluded that, the control signal of Q1, Q2 are complementary in four switching tubes of H bridge, and the control signal of Q3, Q4 are complementary, and diagonal line is opened The pass super previous phase angle pipe Q1 ratio Q4 is open-minded, and Q2 ratio Q3 is super, and previous phase angle is open-minded.Also, by adjusting the phase angle Size adjusts output voltage.
Also, when controlling the H bridge with the second method, exports to the control signal of first switch tube Q1 and export extremely The control signal and output to the 4th switching tube that the control signal of second switch Q2 is complementary and output is to third switching tube Q3 The control signal of Q4 is complementary, and the previous phase angle super than first switch tube Q1 the 4th switching tube Q4 is opened and third switch Pipe Q3 is super than second switch Q2, and previous phase angle is open-minded.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch tube Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgeABWaveform is as shown in Figure 3B.From figure 3B it can be concluded that, the control signal of Q1, Q2 are complementary in four switching tubes of H bridge, and the control signal of Q3, Q4 are complementary, and diagonal line is opened The pass super previous phase angle pipe Q4 ratio Q1 is open-minded, and Q3 ratio Q2 is super, and previous phase angle is open-minded.Equally, by adjusting the phase angle Size adjusts output voltage.
Wherein, it should be noted that in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation In, if controlled only with first method A H bridge, Sofe Switch is difficult to realize as switching tube Q3, Q4 in lagging leg That is zero voltage switch, therefore the switching loss of switching tube Q3, Q4 are big, cause to overheat.
Similarly, in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation, if only with Second method B controls H bridge, is difficult to realize Sofe Switch, that is, zero voltage switch as switching tube Q1, Q2 in lagging leg, Therefore the switching loss of switching tube Q1, Q2 are big, cause to overheat.
Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation When, when being controlled using first method A H bridge, the time that record controls H bridge using first method A, so as to To the total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way, then stored；When being controlled using second method B H bridge, record The time that H bridge is controlled using second method B, thus the available total time TB for controlling H bridge in a second manner, then into Row storage.Total time TA and total is judged when DC-DC converter uses the control mode of phase shift modulation to be worked every time in this way Relationship between time TB, and the mode controlled H bridge is selected according to the relationship between total time TA and total time TB, Temperature equalization control is carried out to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube so as to realize.
Wherein, the H bridge is controlled according to the relationship selection between the total time TA and the total time TB Mode specifically includes: when the total time TA is greater than the total time TB, the second method being selected to carry out the H bridge Control；When the total time TA is less than the total time TB, the first method is selected to control the H bridge；Work as institute When stating total time TA equal to the total time TB, the first method or the second method is selected to control the H bridge.
That is, being obtained before DC-DC converter is started to work using the control mode of phase shift modulation from storage region It takes total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner, then to total time TA and always Time, TB was judged, is determined according to judging result using first method and is controlled H bridge or controlled using second method H bridge processed.Wherein, DC-DC converter chooses mode later just during being worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation H bridge is controlled according to fixed form, that is, first method or second method, work total time is recorded when DC-DC converter stops working, For example, the total time recorded when stopping working is this when DC-DC converter this task is using first method control H bridge The total time obtained when task starts from storage region adds this working time, i.e., wants after the every task of DC-DC converter Total time is updated, to select which kind of mode when convenient lower task to control H bridge.
It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention, controlling H bridge, or in the first way either with second Mode controls H bridge, and what DC-DC converter used is all the control mode of phase shift modulation.Wherein, first to fourth switching tube is equal It is driven using 50% duty ratio, the driving voltage of same bridge arm is complementary, phase phase difference 180 degree, and leading-bridge and lagging leg Between differ a phase angle, adjust output voltage by adjusting the size at the phase angle.
In conclusion when DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of phase shift modulation, by recording DC-DC Converter is to be controlled using first method or second method H bridge, and total time TA when recording using first method and adopt Total time TB when with second method, then judges the relationship between TA and TB, so that the mode of control H bridge is selected, The fever of switching tube Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 in H bridge can be realized in control mode of the DC-DC converter using phase shift modulation Relative equilibrium is measured, is not necessarily to increase additional component in this way, reduces cost, and the working life of DC-DC converter can be increased, Reduce failure rate.
S3 when the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for down tube, is obtained with Third Way control Total time TC of H bridge processed and the total time TD that H bridge is controlled with fourth way, and DC-DC converter is obtained using down tube modulation With the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridge and with four directions in each working cycles in the course of work that control mode carries out Formula controls the setting time Tm of H bridge, and by judging the relationship between total time TC and the total time TD to select DC-DC The mode that converter controls H bridge when starting, and alternately control is carried out to H bridge according to setting time Ti and setting time Tm System, to carry out temperature equalization control to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube.
Wherein, when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, using first switch tube Q1 and third switching tube Q3 as upper tube And using second switch Q2 and the 4th switching tube Q4 as down tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to first switch tube It is controlled to the 4th switching tube；When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, by first switch tube Q1 and third switching tube Q3 As down tube and using second switch Q2 and the 4th switching tube Q4 as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to the One switching tube to the 4th switching tube is controlled.
According to one embodiment of present invention, when controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, output to first switch tube Q1 Control signal it is complementary with the control signal of output to third switching tube Q3 and for fixed duty cycle, and to exporting to second switch The failing edge of the control signal of pipe Q2 and the 4th switching tube Q4 carries out PWM control.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch tube Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgeABWaveform is as shown in Figure 4 A.From figure 4A it can be concluded that, the control signal of Q1, Q3 are complementary and to fix 50% duty ratio, the decline of Q2, Q4 in four switching tubes of H bridge Edge is modulated by PWM rule, and is to adjust output voltage by adjusting the driving voltage failing edge of down tube.
Also, when controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, exports to the control signal of second switch Q2 and export extremely The control signal of 4th switching tube Q4 is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to first switch tube Q1 and third switching tube Q3 Control signal failing edge carry out PWM control.
Specifically, the drive of the drive waveforms of first switch tube Q1, the drive waveforms of second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 Voltage U between two bridge arms of dynamic waveform, the drive waveforms of the 4th switching tube Q4 and H bridgeABWaveform is as shown in Figure 4 B.From figure 4B it can be concluded that, the control signal of Q2, Q4 are complementary and to fix 50% duty ratio, the decline of Q1, Q3 in four switching tubes of H bridge Edge is modulated by PWM rule, and is to adjust output voltage by adjusting the driving voltage failing edge of down tube.
Wherein, it should be noted that in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of down tube modulation In, if controlled only with Third Way C H bridge, since the resonant discharge stage can only utilize primary side resonant inductance, because This is difficult to realize Sofe Switch, that is, zero voltage switch as switching tube Q2, Q4 of down tube, thus the switching loss of switching tube Q2, Q4 Greatly, cause to overheat.
Similarly, in the course of work that DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of down tube modulation, if only with Fourth way D controls H bridge, since the resonant discharge stage can only utilize primary side resonant inductance, as down tube Switching tube Q1, Q3 are difficult to realize Sofe Switch, that is, zero voltage switch, so that the switching loss of switching tube Q1, Q3 are big, cause to overheat.
Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of down tube modulation When, when being controlled using Third Way C H bridge, the time that record controls H bridge using Third Way C, so as to To with the total time TC of Third Way control H bridge, then stored；When being controlled using fourth way D H bridge, record The time that H bridge is controlled using fourth way D, thus the available total time TD with fourth way control H bridge, then into Row storage.Then when DC-DC converter starts every time, judge the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, last basis The mode that relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TC and total time TD controls H bridge when starting.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of present invention, according to the pass between the total time TC and the total time TD When system selects the mode controlled when DC-DC converter starting to the H bridge, wherein when the total time TC is greater than When the total time TD, the fourth way is selected to control the H bridge in DC-DC converter starting, until The total time TC is equal to the total time TD；When the total time TC is less than the total time TD, converted in the DC-DC Device selects the Third Way to control the H bridge when starting, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；When When the total time TC is equal to the total time TD, the Third Way or described is selected in DC-DC converter starting Fourth way is to carry out alternately control to the H bridge according to Ti and Tm.
Wherein, described that alternately control, packet are carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Ti and setting time Tm It includes: when the time for controlling the H bridge using the Third Way reaching Ti, the H bridge being carried out using the fourth way Control, until reaching Tm using the time that the fourth way controls the H bridge；Or when using fourth way control institute When stating time of H bridge and reaching Tm, the H bridge is controlled using the Third Way, until using the Third Way control The time for making the H bridge reaches Ti.
That is, DC-DC converter using down tube modulation control mode work before, from storage region obtain with Third Way controls total time TC of H bridge and with the total time TD of fourth way control H bridge, then Ti and Tm is arranged, then to total Are judged time TC and total time TD, is determined according to judging result and first control H bridge using Third Way or first adopt H bridge is controlled with fourth way, i.e., obtains from storage region with total time TC of Third Way control H bridge and with fourth way control The total time TD of H bridge processed, and the purpose judged the relationship between total time TC and total time TD is confirmation DC-DC transformation The mode to the control of H bridge that device first selects when starting.For example, if the TC=20 minute, TD=18 minutes that get, DC- DC converter first selects fourth way D to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts work to H bridge in this task, and 2 It is switched to after minute and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using Third Way C, until using third party The time that formula C controls H bridge reaches Ti, then is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC is converted to H bridge using fourth way D Device works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge, so completes a working cycles (i.e. One net cycle time=Ti+Tm), then be switched to using Third Way C to H bridge be controlled such that DC-DC converter into Row work is then switched to using fourth way D until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridge to H Bridge is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until being reached using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge Tm ... ... is carried out repeatedly, is realized and is carried out alternately control to H bridge, to realize to first switch tube, second switch, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.And if the TC=18 minute, TD=20 minutes that get, DC-DC converter first selects Third Way C to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts work to H bridge in this task, and It is switched to after the 2 minutes and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D, until using the 4th The time that mode D controls H bridge reaches Tm, then is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC becomes to H bridge using Third Way C Parallel operation works, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridge, so completes a working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time=Ti+Tm), then be switched to and DC-DC converter is controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D It works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge, then switches to using C pairs of Third Way H bridge is controlled such that DC-DC converter works, until being reached using the time that Third Way C controls H bridge Ti ... ... is carried out repeatedly, is realized and is carried out alternately control to H bridge, to realize to first switch tube, second switch, the Three switching tubes and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.
Certainly, it when total time TC got being equal to total time TD, directly can first be used in DC-DC converter starting Third Way C is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge, until being controlled using Third Way C H bridge Time reach Ti, be switched to and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D, until use The time that fourth way D controls H bridge reaches Tm, so complete working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time= Ti+Tm), then it is switched to DC-DC converter, which works, is controlled such that H bridge using Third Way C, until uses third The time that mode C controls H bridge reaches Ti, then switches to and is controlled such that DC-DC to H bridge using fourth way D Converter works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge ... ..., carries out repeatedly, It realizes and alternately control is carried out to H bridge, to realize to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Carry out temperature equalization control.Alternatively, when total time TC got being equal to total time TD, in DC-DC converter starting DC-DC converter, which works, first directly can be controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D, until using D pairs of fourth way The time that H bridge is controlled reaches Tm, is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC converter carries out work to H bridge using Third Way C Make, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridge, so completes a working cycles, and according in this way Working cycles be repeated, until DC-DC converter stops working.
Wherein, mode is chosen in each working cycles later just according to fixed form i.e. Third Way or fourth way control H bridge processed, when switching mode, record total time, for example, in the ban using Third Way control H bridge when, when switching mode record with The total time of Third Way control H bridge is to be obtained from storage region when this task of DC-DC converter starts with Third Way The total time of H bridge is controlled plus the time with Third Way control H bridge recorded in this working cycles of DC-DC converter.
It in one embodiment of the invention, can with the setting time Ti that the Third Way controls the H bridge Equal to the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridge, can guarantee with Third Way and the 4th in this way Mode guarantees first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 fever when alternately controlling H bridge Relative equilibrium.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, being carried out with the Third Way to the H bridge Setting time Ti of control can also be unequal with the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridge.
It should be noted that in an embodiment of the present invention, H bridge is either controlled with Third Way, or with the 4th Mode controls H bridge, and what DC-DC converter used is all the control mode of down tube modulation.Wherein, the control modulated using down tube When mode, two switching tubes of upper tube be it is open-minded in turn by 50% duty ratio, there is no dead time, pass through and adjust the two of down tube The failing edge of a switching tube driving voltage, realizes the adjusting of output voltage.
Also, in the control mode of down tube modulation, two switching tubes Sofe Switch, that is, no-voltage easy to accomplish of upper tube is opened It closes, corresponding to the leading-bridge in the control mode of phase shift modulation, and two switching tubes of down tube correspond to the control of phase shift modulation Lagging leg in mode processed is difficult to realize zero voltage switch.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when DC-DC converter uses the control mode of down tube modulation in whole life cycle, It can make temperature by first to fourth switching tube alternately as top tube and down tube, that is, Q1, Q3 and Q2, Q4 alternate play upper tube, down tube Stress is equivalent in four switching tubes of H bridge to be uniformly distributed, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube, is realized whole Thermal balance extends the service life of DC-DC converter.
In conclusion when DC-DC converter is worked using the control mode of down tube modulation, by recording DC-DC Converter is to be controlled using Third Way or fourth way H bridge, and total time TC when recording using Third Way and adopt Total time TD when with fourth way, then judges the relationship between TC and TD, thus in DC-DC converter starting The mode of control H bridge is selected, then is being based on that time Tm is arranged and time Ti is arranged alternately to control H bridge, therefore can be in DC-DC The calorific value relative equilibrium of switching tube Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 in H bridge are realized in the control mode that converter is modulated using down tube, In this way without increasing additional component, cost is reduced, and the working life of DC-DC converter can be increased, reduce failure rate.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of present invention, as shown in figure 5, the control method of above-mentioned DC-DC converter The following steps are included:
S501, work start, i.e., when DC-DC converter starts and starts to work, need to export control waveform and come in H bridge Switching tube controlled.
S5011 reads used control mode when the work of DC-DC converter last time.
S5011 judges the last time using no for the control mode of phase shift modulation.If so, executing step S517；Such as Fruit is no, executes step S502.
In other words, if the last used control mode that works is the control mode of phase shift modulation, DC-DC converter This task will be using the control mode of down tube modulation；If control mode used by the last time works is not phase shift modulation Control mode, then this task of DC-DC converter will be using the control mode of phase shift modulation.
S502 reads total time TA of A control H bridge in the first way and B controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner.
S503, judges whether TA is greater than TB.If so, executing step S504；If not, executing step S508.
S504 selects second method B to control H bridge.
S505, DC-DC converter are in the course of work.
S506, judges whether this course of work of DC-DC converter terminates.If so, executing step S507；If It is no, return step S505.
S507 records this working time of DC-DC converter, thus when being started according to DC-DC converter this task Total time TB obtained from storage region updates total time TB plus this working time.
S508, judges whether TA is less than TB.If so, executing step S509；If not, executing step S513.
S509 selects first method A to control H bridge.
S510, DC-DC converter are in the course of work.
S511, judges whether this course of work of DC-DC converter terminates.If so, executing step S512；If It is no, return step S510.
S512 records this working time of DC-DC converter, thus when being started according to DC-DC converter this task Total time TA obtained from storage region updates total time TA plus this working time.
S513 selects first method A or second method B to control H bridge.
S514, DC-DC converter are in the course of work.
S515, judges whether this course of work of DC-DC converter terminates.If so, executing step S516；If It is no, return step S514.
S516 records this working time of DC-DC converter.Wherein, H bridge is controlled if it is selection first method A, Total time TA obtained when to be started according to DC-DC converter this task from storage region is plus this working time come more New total time TA；H bridge is controlled if it is selection second method B, so that this task starts Shi Congcun according to DC-DC converter Total time TB that storage area domain obtains updates total time TB plus this working time.
S517 is read with total time TC of Third Way C control H bridge and with the total time TD of fourth way D control H bridge.
Ti and Tm is arranged in S518.
S519, judges whether TC is greater than TD.If so, executing step S520；If not, executing step S521.
S520 selects fourth way D to control H bridge, until TC=TD, then executes step S523.
S521, judges whether TC is less than TD.If so, executing step S522；If not, executing step S523 or S524.
S522 selects Third Way C to control H bridge, until TC=TD, then executes step S524.
S523 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using Third Way C, and during the work time Judge whether this task terminates, if so, terminating process, continues to judge if not, returning.
S524 is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using fourth way D, and during the work time Judge whether this task terminates, if so, terminating process, continues to judge if not, returning.
S525 judges whether reach Ti using the time of Third Way C control H bridge.If so, executing step S524；Such as Fruit is no, return step S523.
S526 judges whether reach Tm using the time of fourth way D control H bridge.If so, returning to step S523；If not, return step S524.
Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, in the whole life cycle of DC-DC converter, using phase shift modulation Control mode and the control mode of down tube modulation alternately, and are based on total time TA when using the control mode of phase shift modulation It is selected with total time TB in the first way or second method controls H bridge, and when using the control mode of down tube modulation, base In total time TC and total time TD come select with Third Way or fourth way control H bridge, come so that DC-DC converter start, Then alternately H bridge is controlled based on setting time Tm and setting time Ti again, thus in whole life cycle, so that DC-DC converter uses total time TA and total time TB when the control mode of phase shift modulation equal as far as possible and DC-DC transformation Third Way or the 4th are first selected according to total time TC of record and total time TD when the control mode that device is modulated using down tube Mode is controlled H bridge, is then alternately controlled using Third Way and fourth way H bridge again, it is ensured that each switching tube Fever relative equilibrium, substantially increases the working life of DC-DC converter.
The control method of DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention is obtained when DC-DC converter is worked The DC-DC converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select Control mode when this task, so that the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube tune in DC-DC converter whole life cycle The control mode of system is alternately.Wherein, the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, obtain Take in the first way control H bridge total time TA and in a second manner control H bridge total time TB, then judge total time TA and Relationship between total time TB finally selects the side controlled H bridge according to the relationship between total time TA and total time TB Formula, to carry out temperature equalization control to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube；When selection sheet When control mode when task is the control mode of down tube modulation, obtain with total time TC of Third Way control H bridge and with Fourth way controls the total time TD of H bridge, and obtains the worked of control mode progress of the DC-DC converter using down tube modulation With the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridge and with the setting time of fourth way control H bridge in each working cycles in journey Then Tm judges the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, finally according to the relationship between total time TC and total time TD Mode that H bridge is controlled when selection DC-DC converter starting, and in the course of work of DC-DC converter according to Ti and Tm carries out alternately control to H bridge, to carry out temperature to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Balance route, thus in whole life cycle, total time TA when DC-DC converter uses the control mode of phase shift modulation with Total time, TB was equal as far as possible, DC-DC converter using down tube modulation control mode when according to total time TC of record and it is total when Between TD first select Third Way or fourth way to control H bridge, then again using Third Way and fourth way to H bridge It alternately controls, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube improves switching tube in H bridge in the case where not increasing cost Working life, so as to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
As shown in Figure 1, DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention includes H bridge and such as MCU of control module 100 (Micro Control Unit, microcontroller).Wherein, H bridge includes first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switch Pipe Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4, first switch tube Q1 and second switch Q2 constitute the first bridge arm, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th Switching tube Q4 constitutes the second bridge arm, has first node A, third switching tube Q3 between first switch tube Q1 and second switch Q2 There is second node B between the 4th switching tube Q4.
Control module 100 is for obtaining primary work in the DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter is worked Control mode when making, and control when control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects this task Mode processed, wherein the control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the controlling party of down tube modulation Formula.
Also, the control mode when selecting this work for the phase shift modulation control mode when, control module 100 Acquisition controls total time TA of the H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and by sentencing The relationship broken between the total time TA and the total time TB is in a manner of selecting to control the H bridge, to described First switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein with described first When mode controls the H bridge, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；With When the second method controls the H bridge, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lag Bridge arm.When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, control module 100 is obtained with the Three modes are controlled total time TC of the H bridge and are controlled the total time TD of the H bridge with fourth way, and obtain the DC-DC With the Third Way in each working cycles in the course of work that converter uses the control mode of the down tube modulation to carry out It controls setting time Ti of the H bridge and controls the setting time Tm of the H bridge with the fourth way, and by judging institute The relationship between total time TC and the total time TD is stated to select the DC-DC converter to control when starting to the H bridge The mode of system, and alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Ti and setting time Tm, to described the One switching tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein with the third party When formula controls the H bridge, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as upper tube and by the second switch With the 4th switching tube as down tube, and the first switch tube to the described 4th is opened using the control mode of down tube modulation Pipe is closed to be controlled；When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as Down tube and using the second switch and the 4th switching tube as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to institute First switch tube to the 4th switching tube is stated to be controlled.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the control module is according between the total time TA and the total time TB Relationship selection the H bridge is controlled mode when, wherein when the total time TA is greater than the total time TB, institute Stating control module selects the second method to control the H bridge；When the total time TA is less than the total time TB, The control module selects the first method to control the H bridge；When the total time TA is equal to the total time TB When, the control module selects the first method or the second method to control the H bridge.
That is, in one embodiment of the invention, DC-DC converter is carried out using the control mode of phase shift modulation When work, when control module controls H bridge using first method A, what record controlled H bridge using first method A Time, so that the available total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way, is then stored；Control module uses second method B When controlling H bridge, the time that record controls H bridge using second method B, to be controlled in a second manner The total time TB of H bridge, is then stored.The control mode of phase shift modulation is used to carry out work every time in DC-DC converter in this way Control module judges the relationship between total time TA and total time TB when making, finally according between total time TA and total time TB Relationship selects the mode controlled H bridge, to realize to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th Switching tube carries out temperature equalization control.
According to one embodiment of present invention, with the first method control the H bridge when, the control module export to The control signal of the first switch tube is complementary with the control signal of output to the second switch and exports to described the The control signal of three switching tubes is complementary with the control signal of output to the 4th switching tube, and described in first switch tube ratio The super previous phase angle of 4th switching tube is opened and the second switch previous phase angle super than the third switching tube It is open-minded.
Also, when controlling the H bridge with the second method, the control module is exported to the control of the first switch tube Signal processed is complementary with the control signal of output to the second switch and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube It is complementary with the control signal of output to the 4th switching tube, and the 4th switching tube is super than the first switch tube previous Phase angle is opened and the third switching tube previous phase angle super than the second switch is open-minded.
In one embodiment of the invention, it is worked in DC-DC converter using the control mode of down tube modulation In the process, when control module is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using Third Way C, record is using the The time that three mode C control H bridge, so that the available total time TC with Third Way control H bridge, is then deposited Storage；When control module is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge using fourth way D, record is using four directions The time that formula D controls H bridge, so that the available total time TD with fourth way control H bridge, is then stored.This For sample when DC-DC converter needs to carry out starting work using the control mode of down tube modulation, control module judges total time TC With the relationship between total time TD, and according between total time TC and total time TD relationship selection DC-DC converter starting when The mode that H bridge is controlled.
Specifically, according to one embodiment of present invention, the control module according to the total time TC and it is described total when Between relationship between TD select the DC-DC converter to be controlled when starting to the H bridge mode when, wherein when described When total time TC is greater than the total time TD, the control module selects the four directions when the DC-DC converter starts Formula controls the H bridge, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；When the total time TC is total less than described When time TD, the control module selects the Third Way to control the H bridge when the DC-DC converter starts System, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；When the total time TC is equal to the total time TD, the control Module selected when the DC-DC converter starts the Third Way or the fourth way with according to Ti and Tm to the H Bridge carries out alternately control.
Also, when the control module alternately control to the H bridge according to setting time Ti and setting time Tm, In, when the time for controlling the H bridge using the Third Way reaching Ti, the H bridge is carried out using the fourth way Control, until reaching Tm using the time that the fourth way controls the H bridge；Or when using fourth way control institute When stating time of H bridge and reaching Tm, the H bridge is controlled using the Third Way, until using the Third Way control The time for making the H bridge reaches Ti.
That is, control module is from memory block before DC-DC converter is using the control mode work of down tube modulation Domain is obtained with total time TC of Third Way control H bridge and with the total time TD of fourth way control H bridge, then Ti and Tm is arranged, Then judge total time TC and total time TD determine it is that H bridge is first controlled using Third Way according to judging result Still first control H bridge using the second control mode, i.e., obtain from storage region with total time TC of Third Way control H bridge and With the total time TD of fourth way control H bridge, and the purpose judged the relationship between total time TC and total time TD is The mode to the control of H bridge first selected when confirmation DC-DC converter starting.For example, if the TC=20 minute got, TD= 18 minutes, then DC-DC converter first selects fourth way D to be controlled such that DC-DC converter opens to H bridge in this task It starts building to make, and is switched to DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using Third Way C after the 2 minutes, directly Reach Ti to the time controlled H bridge using Third Way C, then be switched to use fourth way D to H bridge controlled with So that DC-DC converter is worked, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge, so completes one Working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time=Ti+Tm), then be switched to and DC- is controlled such that H bridge using Third Way C DC converter works, until the time controlled H bridge using Third Way C reaches Ti, then switches to using the Four mode D are controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge, until H bridge is controlled using fourth way D Time reaches Tm ... ..., carries out repeatedly, realizes and carries out alternately control to H bridge, to realize to first switch tube, second Switching tube, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.And if the TC=18 minute got, TD=20 Minute, then DC-DC converter first selects Third Way C to be controlled such that DC-DC converter starts to H bridge in this task Work, and be switched to DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D after the 2 minutes, until Tm is reached using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge, then is switched to and H bridge is controlled such that using Third Way C DC-DC converter works, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridge, so completes a work (i.e. a net cycle time=Ti+Tm) is recycled, then is switched to and DC-DC is controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D Converter works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge, then switches to using third Mode C is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge, until using Third Way C to H bridge controlled when Between reach Ti ... ..., carry out repeatedly, realize to H bridge carry out alternately control, thus realize first switch tube, second are opened Guan Guan, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control.
Certainly, it when total time TC got being equal to total time TD, directly can first be used in DC-DC converter starting Third Way C is controlled such that DC-DC converter works to H bridge, until being controlled using Third Way C H bridge Time reach Ti, be switched to and DC-DC converter, which works, to be controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D, until use The time that fourth way D controls H bridge reaches Tm, so complete working cycles (i.e. a net cycle time= Ti+Tm), then it is switched to DC-DC converter, which works, is controlled such that H bridge using Third Way C, until uses third The time that mode C controls H bridge reaches Ti, then switches to and is controlled such that DC-DC to H bridge using fourth way D Converter works, until reaching Tm using the time that fourth way D controls H bridge ... ..., carries out repeatedly, It realizes and alternately control is carried out to H bridge, to realize to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube Carry out temperature equalization control.Alternatively, when total time TC got being equal to total time TD, in DC-DC converter starting DC-DC converter, which works, first directly can be controlled such that H bridge using fourth way D, until using D pairs of fourth way The time that H bridge is controlled reaches Tm, is switched to and is controlled such that DC-DC converter carries out work to H bridge using Third Way C Make, until reaching Ti using the time that Third Way C controls H bridge, so completes a working cycles, and according in this way Working cycles be repeated, until DC-DC converter stops working.
Wherein, mode is chosen in each working cycles later just according to fixed form i.e. Third Way or fourth way control H bridge processed, when switching mode, record total time, for example, in the ban using Third Way control H bridge when, when switching mode record with The total time of Third Way control H bridge is to be obtained from storage region when this task of DC-DC converter starts with Third Way The total time of H bridge is controlled plus the time with Third Way control H bridge recorded in this working cycles of DC-DC converter.
According to one embodiment of present invention, with the Third Way control the H bridge when, the control module export to The control signal of the first switch tube is complementary with the control signal of output to the third switching tube and is fixed duty cycle, and PWM control is carried out to the failing edge of the control signal of output to the second switch and the 4th switching tube.
Also, when controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, the control module is exported to the control of the second switch Signal processed is complementary with the control signal of output to the 4th switching tube and is fixed duty cycle, and opens output to described first The failing edge of the control signal of third switching tube described in Guan Guanhe carries out PWM control.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and 4th switching tube Q4 is IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), when So, in other embodiments of the invention, first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube Q4 may be metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, according to one embodiment of present invention, when the setting controlled the H bridge with the Third Way Between Ti can be equal to the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridge, can guarantee with Third Way in this way Guarantee first switch tube Q1, second switch Q2, third switching tube Q3 and the 4th switching tube when alternately controlling H bridge with fourth way Q4 fever relative equilibrium.
It is, of course, understood that in other embodiments of the invention, being carried out with the Third Way to the H bridge Setting time Ti of control can also be unequal with the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridge.
DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention obtains DC-DC by control module when being actuated for work The converter last time work when control mode, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select this Control mode when work so that in DC-DC converter whole life cycle the control mode of phase shift modulation and down tube modulation Control mode is alternately.Wherein, the control mode when selecting this work for phase shift modulation control mode when, pass through control Molding block obtains total time TA for controlling H bridge in the first way and controls the total time TB of H bridge in a second manner, and then judgement is total Relationship between time TA and total time TB finally carries out H bridge according to the relationship selection between total time TA and total time TB The mode of control, to carry out temperature equalization control to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube； When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for down tube, obtained by control module with Third Way control Total time TC of H bridge processed and the total time TD that H bridge is controlled with fourth way, and DC-DC converter is obtained using down tube modulation With the setting time Ti of Third Way control H bridge and with four directions in each working cycles in the course of work that control mode carries out Formula controls the setting time Tm of H bridge, then judge the relationship between total time TC and total time TD, finally according to total time TC and The mode that relationship selection DC-DC converter between total time TD controls H bridge when starting, and in DC-DC converter In the course of work according to Ti and Tm to H bridge carry out alternately control, with to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and 4th switching tube carries out temperature equalization control, thus in whole life cycle, using phase shift modulation control mode when it is total Time TA and total time TB are equal as far as possible, according to total time TC of record and total time TD when the control mode modulated using down tube It first selects Third Way or fourth way to control H bridge, then H bridge is replaced using Third Way and fourth way again Control, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube improves the work of switching tube in H bridge in the case where not increasing cost Service life, so as to extend life cycle.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of electric car 10 comprising above-mentioned DC-DC Converter 20.
The electric car of the embodiment of the present invention can control DC-DC converter in whole life cycle using phase shift tune System control mode and down tube modulation control mode alternately, and using phase shift modulation control mode when total time TA and total time TB are equal as far as possible, according to first selecting with total time TD total time TC of record when the control mode modulated using down tube Third Way or fourth way is selected to control H bridge, then again alternately control H bridge using Third Way and fourth way System can be realized and carry out temperature equalization to first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube in H bridge Control, so that the fever relative equilibrium of each switching tube improves the work of switching tube in H bridge in the case where not increasing cost Service life, to extend the life cycle of DC-DC converter.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside", " up time The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " be orientation based on the figure or Positional relationship is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must There must be specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect It connects, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be in two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements, unless otherwise restricted clearly.For those of ordinary skill in the art For, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature in the second feature " on " or " down " can be with It is that the first and second features directly contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of First feature horizontal height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature can be under the second feature " below ", " below " and " below " One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of control method of DC-DC converter, which is characterized in that the DC-DC converter includes H bridge, and the H bridge includes First switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein the first switch tube and described second is opened It closes pipe and constitutes the first bridge arm, the third switching tube and the 4th switching tube constitute the second bridge arm, and the control method includes Following steps:
When the DC-DC converter is worked, control mode when DC-DC converter last time work is obtained, and Control mode when being worked according to the DC-DC converter last time selects control mode when this task, and the DC-DC becomes Control mode when the parallel operation last time works is different from control mode when this task, wherein the control of the DC-DC converter Mode processed includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the control mode of down tube modulation；
Control mode when selecting this work for the phase shift modulation control mode when, acquisition controls institute in the first way State total time TA of H bridge and control the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and by judge the total time TA with it is described Relationship between total time TB is in a manner of selecting to control the H bridge, to the first switch tube, second switch Pipe, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein, will when controlling the H bridge with the first method First bridge arm is as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；The H is controlled with the second method When bridge, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg；
When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, obtains and institute is controlled with Third Way It states total time TC of H bridge and controls the total time TD of the H bridge with fourth way, and obtain the DC-DC converter using institute It states in the course of work of the control mode progress of down tube modulation and the H bridge is controlled with the Third Way in each working cycles Time Ti is set and controls the setting time Tm of the H bridge with the fourth way, and by judge the total time TC and Relationship between the total time TD is in a manner of selecting the DC-DC converter to control when starting the H bridge, and root Alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Ti and setting time Tm, to the first switch tube, second Switching tube, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein control the H bridge with the Third Way When, the first switch tube and the third switching tube are switched as upper tube and by the second switch and the described 4th Pipe controls the first switch tube to the 4th switching tube as down tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation； When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as down tube and by institute Second switch and the 4th switching tube are stated as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to the first switch tube It is controlled to the 4th switching tube.
2. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to the total time TA and institute It states the relationship between total time TB and selects the mode controlled the H bridge, specifically include:
When the total time TA is greater than the total time TB, the second method is selected to control the H bridge；
When the total time TA is less than the total time TB, the first method is selected to control the H bridge；
When the total time TA is equal to the total time TB, select the first method or the second method to the H bridge It is controlled.
3. the control method of DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridge with the first method, export to the control signal of the first switch tube and output to described the The control signal and output to the 4th switch that the control signal of two switching tubes is complementary and output is to the third switching tube The control signal of pipe is complementary, and the first switch tube previous phase angle super than the 4th switching tube is opened and described Second switch previous phase angle super than the third switching tube is open-minded；
When controlling the H bridge with the second method, export to the control signal of the first switch tube and output to described the The control signal and output to the 4th switch that the control signal of two switching tubes is complementary and output is to the third switching tube The control signal of pipe is complementary, and the 4th switching tube previous phase angle super than the first switch tube is opened and described Third switching tube previous phase angle super than the second switch is open-minded.
4. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to the total time TC and institute When stating the mode that the relationship between total time TD selects the DC-DC converter to be controlled when starting to the H bridge, wherein
When the total time TC is greater than the total time TD, the fourth way is selected in DC-DC converter starting The H bridge is controlled, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；
When the total time TC is less than the total time TD, the Third Way is selected in DC-DC converter starting The H bridge is controlled, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；
When the total time TC is equal to the total time TD, the Third Way is selected in DC-DC converter starting Or the fourth way is to carry out alternately control to the H bridge according to Ti and Tm.
5. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, export to the control signal of the first switch tube and output to described the The control signal of three switching tubes is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the second switch and the 4th switching tube Control signal failing edge carry out PWM control；
When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, export to the control signal of the second switch and output to described the The control signal of four switching tubes is complementary and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the first switch tube and the third switching tube Control signal failing edge carry out PWM control.
6. the control method of DC-DC converter as described in claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that it is described according to the setting when Between the Ti and setting time Tm to the H bridge carry out alternately control, comprising:
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the Third Way reaching Ti, the H bridge is carried out using the fourth way Control, until reaching Tm using the time that the fourth way controls the H bridge；Or
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the fourth way reaching Tm, the H bridge is carried out using the Third Way Control, until reaching Ti using the time that the Third Way controls the H bridge.
7. the control method of the DC-DC converter as described in any one of claim 1,2,4, which is characterized in that with described Setting time Ti that three modes control the H bridge is equal to the setting controlled with the fourth way the H bridge Time Tm.
8. a kind of DC-DC converter characterized by comprising
H bridge, the H bridge include first switch tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube, wherein described first Switching tube and the second switch constitute the first bridge arm, and the third switching tube and the 4th switching tube constitute the second bridge Arm；
Control module, the control module is for obtaining the DC-DC converter when the DC-DC converter is worked Control mode when one action, and according to the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode select this task When control mode, the DC-DC converter last time work when control mode it is different from control mode when this task, The control mode of the DC-DC converter includes the control mode of phase shift modulation and the control mode of down tube modulation, wherein
Control mode when selecting this work for the phase shift modulation control mode when, the control module is obtained with the One mode controls total time TA of the H bridge and controls the total time TB of the H bridge in a second manner, and described total by judging Relationship between time TA and the total time TB is in a manner of selecting to control the H bridge, to the first switch Pipe, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein with first method control When the H bridge, using first bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using second bridge arm as lagging leg；With described second When mode controls the H bridge, using second bridge arm as leading-bridge, and using first bridge arm as lagging leg；
When the control mode that the control mode when selecting this work is modulated for the down tube, the control module is obtained with the Three modes are controlled total time TC of the H bridge and are controlled the total time TD of the H bridge with fourth way, and obtain the DC-DC With the Third Way in each working cycles in the course of work that converter uses the control mode of the down tube modulation to carry out It controls setting time Ti of the H bridge and controls the setting time Tm of the H bridge with the fourth way, and by judging institute The relationship between total time TC and the total time TD is stated to select the DC-DC converter to control when starting to the H bridge The mode of system, and alternately control is carried out to the H bridge according to the setting time Ti and setting time Tm, to described the One switching tube, second switch, third switching tube and the 4th switching tube carry out temperature equalization control, wherein with the third party When formula controls the H bridge, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as upper tube and by the second switch With the 4th switching tube as down tube, and the first switch tube to the described 4th is opened using the control mode of down tube modulation Pipe is closed to be controlled；When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, using the first switch tube and the third switching tube as Down tube and using the second switch and the 4th switching tube as upper tube, and using the control mode of down tube modulation to institute First switch tube to the 4th switching tube is stated to be controlled.
9. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the control module according to the total time TA with When the mode that the relationship selection between the total time TB controls the H bridge, wherein
When the total time TA is greater than the total time TB, the control module select the second method to the H bridge into Row control；
When the total time TA is less than the total time TB, the control module select the first method to the H bridge into Row control；
When the total time TA is equal to the total time TB, the control module selects the first method or the second party Formula controls the H bridge.
10. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8 or 9, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridge with the first method, the control module export control signal to the first switch tube with The control signal of output to the second switch is complementary and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube and exports extremely The control signal of 4th switching tube is complementary, and the first switch tube previous phase angle super than the 4th switching tube is opened The logical and described second switch previous phase angle super than the third switching tube is open-minded；
When controlling the H bridge with the second method, the control module export control signal to the first switch tube with The control signal of output to the second switch is complementary and exports to the control signal of the third switching tube and exports extremely The control signal of 4th switching tube is complementary, and the 4th switching tube previous phase angle super than the first switch tube is opened The logical and described third switching tube previous phase angle super than the second switch is open-minded.
11. DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the control module according to the total time TC with When the mode that the relationship between the total time TD selects the DC-DC converter to be controlled when starting to the H bridge, In,
When the total time TC is greater than the total time TD, the control module is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The fourth way controls the H bridge, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；
When the total time TC is less than the total time TD, the control module is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The Third Way controls the H bridge, until the total time TC is equal to the total time TD；
When the total time TC is equal to the total time TD, the control module is selected when the DC-DC converter starts The Third Way or the fourth way are to carry out alternately control to the H bridge according to Ti and Tm.
12. the DC-DC converter as described in claim 8 or 11, which is characterized in that wherein,
When controlling the H bridge with the Third Way, the control module export control signal to the first switch tube with It exports to the control signal complementation of the third switching tube and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the second switch and institute The failing edge for stating the control signal of the 4th switching tube carries out PWM control；
When controlling the H bridge with the fourth way, the control module export control signal to the second switch with It exports to the control signal complementation of the 4th switching tube and is fixed duty cycle, and to output to the first switch tube and institute The failing edge for stating the control signal of third switching tube carries out PWM control.
13. the DC-DC converter as described in claim 8 or 11, which is characterized in that when the control module is according to the setting Between the Ti and setting time Tm to the H bridge carry out alternately control when, wherein
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the Third Way reaching Ti, the control module uses the fourth way The H bridge is controlled, until reaching Tm using the time that the fourth way controls the H bridge；Or
When the time for controlling the H bridge using the fourth way reaching Tm, the control module uses the Third Way The H bridge is controlled, until reaching Ti using the time that the Third Way controls the H bridge.
14. the DC-DC converter as described in any one of claim 8,9,11, which is characterized in that with the Third Way pair Setting time Ti that the H bridge is controlled is equal to the setting time Tm controlled with the fourth way the H bridge.
15. a kind of electric car, which is characterized in that including the DC-DC converter as described in any one of claim 8-14.
CN201611110272.2A 2016-12-02 2016-12-02 The control method of electric car and its DC-DC converter and DC-DC converter Active CN108155805B (en)

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