CN105720376B - Leaky-wave antenna and beam form-endowing method based on leaky-wave antenna - Google Patents
Leaky-wave antenna and beam form-endowing method based on leaky-wave antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN105720376B CN105720376B CN201610086580.XA CN201610086580A CN105720376B CN 105720376 B CN105720376 B CN 105720376B CN 201610086580 A CN201610086580 A CN 201610086580A CN 105720376 B CN105720376 B CN 105720376B
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- leaky
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/22—Longitudinal slot in boundary wall of waveguide or transmission line
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of leaky-wave antenna and the beam form-endowing method based on leaky-wave antenna, and the shape for sewing gap of the leaky-wave antenna is the composite construction for including different cycles structure of corresponding different radiation directions.The principle of the invention is clear, design is simple, is conducive to the design and optimization of wave beam forming.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronics and fields of communication technology.More particularly, to a kind of leaky-wave antenna and it is based on leaky-wave antenna
Beam form-endowing method.
Background technology
In low-consumption wireless communication and certain certain applications, need to the region of antenna energy and range into
Pedestrian be planning, such as certain directions of antenna it is hoped that there will be it is stronger radiation, other directions radiate it is weaker, or antenna it is certain compared with
It is desirable to there is stronger radiation etc. in big angular range, this just must carry out desirable wave beam to the antenna pattern of antenna
Shape design.Existing antenna beam shaping method is mostly based on aerial array theory, using the more complex array-fed side of weighting
Method, and to only there are one the shaping methods of the leaky-wave antenna wave beam of feed port then seldom to study.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of simple in structure, convenient leaky-wave antenna of feed and the wave beam forming based on leaky-wave antenna
Method.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of leaky-wave antenna and based on the beam form-endowing method of leaky-wave antenna, solve existing
Beamforming algorithm is complicated, realizes difficult problem, while expanding application scenario and the range of leaky-wave antenna.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
Traditional leaky-wave antenna mostly uses the mode of fundamental radiation, and radiation main lobe direction immobilizes, thus to realize
The method that can only use array according to the wave beam forming of antenna radiation pattern.However for period uniform gap leaky-wave antenna and
Speech, when changing gap period P in proper range, other than fundamental radiation, other space harmonicses may also generate radiation, and
And the propagation constant for radiating harmonic wave can be significantly changed with the period, thus space harmonics beam position can be realized by changing the period
Variation.
A kind of leaky-wave antenna, the shape for sewing gap of the leaky-wave antenna are the difference week for including the different radiation directions of correspondence
The composite construction of phase structure.
Preferably, the composite construction including different cycles structure is the different cycles according to the different radiation directions of correspondence
SIN function weighted superposition after the composite function that is formed be calculated.
Preferably, the combination letter formed after the SIN function weighted superposition of the different cycles of the different radiation directions of the correspondence
Several expression formulas are：
Wherein, x, y are respectively the x for sewing the rectangular coordinate system where gap, the y-axis coordinate of leaky-wave antenna, and y-axis direction is
The distribution arrangement for sewing gap of leaky-wave antenna, N are the SIN function number to form composite function, PnFor n-th of SIN function
The period in shape gap, weighting coefficient WnFor the gap width in n-th of sine function shape gap, α is periodic coefficient, and β is folded
Add coefficient.
A kind of beam form-endowing method based on leaky-wave antenna, this method comprises the following steps：
The shape that gap is sewed in making is the leakage of the composite construction for the different cycles structure for including the different radiation directions of correspondence
Wave antenna；
Multiple -1 space harmonics are generated using the leaky-wave antenna to be superimposed, and figuration is carried out to antenna beam.
Preferably, the shape that gap is sewed in the making is the answering including different cycles structure of corresponding different radiation directions
The leaky-wave antenna for closing structure further comprises following sub-step：
Utilize the combination letter formed after the SIN function weighted superposition corresponding to multiple and different periods of different radiation directions
The shape for sewing gap of leaky-wave antenna is calculated in number；
The radiant field intensity on different directions is adjusted by selecting the weighting coefficient of each cycle sinusoidal function.
Preferably, the combination letter formed after the SIN function weighted superposition of the different cycles of the different radiation directions of the correspondence
Several expression formulas are：
Wherein, x, y are respectively the x for sewing the rectangular coordinate system where gap, the y-axis coordinate of leaky-wave antenna, and y-axis direction is
The distribution arrangement for sewing gap of leaky-wave antenna, N are the SIN function number to form composite function, PnFor n-th of SIN function
The period in shape gap, weighting coefficient WnFor the gap width in n-th of sine function shape gap, α is periodic coefficient, and β is folded
Add coefficient.
The radiant field intensity on different directions is adjusted by selecting the weighting coefficient of each cycle sinusoidal function, thus
Making is utilized in step " being superimposed using multiple -1 space harmonics of leaky-wave antenna generation, figuration is carried out to antenna beam "
Leaky-wave antenna generation is differently directed, the superposition of varying strength wave beam, completes to the figuration of antenna beam.
The above method can be applied to need wave beam forming leaky-wave antenna design and work in, such as applied to by
Limit wide lobe low-loss leaky-wave antenna etc. in space；The above method specifically can be by corresponding to different -1 subharmonic directions by multiple
Cycle sinusoidal function superposition, formed a composite function, the composite gap of leaky-wave antenna is designed with this composite function
The shape of structure realizes mapping from mathematical combination to structure composite, to reach using be differently directed beam superposition, into traveling wave
The purpose of beam figuration.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1, the present invention can realize the wave beam forming of leaky-wave antenna, and feed simple, it is only necessary to a feed port；It can
To carry out the design of antenna slots shape and the optimization of antenna structure according to specific required antenna pattern.
2, in the present invention compound sine function shape gap design, the consecutive variations in gap are ensure that, compared to existing
Some discontinuous-cycle transverse joints, ensure that impedance be gradual change, it is continual, to improve the input characteristics of antenna；Simultaneously
For travelling-wave aerial, what many structures used was exactly similar consecutive variations structure originally, thus the present invention is easy to be adopted
With with certain practical application.
3, the present invention has the advantages that definite principle, design are simple, is conducive to the design and optimization of wave beam forming.
Description of the drawings
The present invention and its specific implementation mode are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the Integral Thought schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the overall structure diagrams of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 3 shows the structural schematic diagram in combined sine function shape gap in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 4 shows the structural schematic diagram in single cycle sine function shape gap in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 5 shows the far field of rectangular waveguide single cycle sine function shape gap leaky-wave antenna in the embodiment of the present invention one
Direction of an electric field figure.
Fig. 6 shows the wave beam forming direction of an electric field figure of rectangular waveguide leaky-wave antenna in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 7 shows the overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 8 shows the structural schematic diagram in combined sine function shape gap in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 9 shows the structural schematic diagram in single cycle sine function shape gap in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Figure 10 shows one cycle sinusoidal function shape gap leaky-wave antenna of substrate integrated waveguide single in the embodiment of the present invention two
Far field direction of an electric field figure.
Figure 11 shows the wave beam forming direction of an electric field figure of substrate integrated waveguide leaky-wave antenna in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Specific implementation mode
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
It is bright.Similar component is indicated with identical reference numeral in attached drawing.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below
The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment one
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the rectangular waveguide wide lobe leaky-wave antenna based on the present invention, the rectangular waveguide of sewing
Upper surface offers combined sine function shape gap as shown in Figure 3；It is respectively a=to sew rectangular waveguide width and height
110mm and b=50mm, waveguide length L=1000mm, working frequency f=2.4GHz.
As shown in figure 3, combined sine function shape gap is along sewing rectangular waveguide central axis y directional spredings.Institute
Stating combined gap can be by the gap of the sine function shape of 10 kinds of single cycles as shown in Figure 4, according to different weighting systems
Array conjunction is formed by stacking.The period P in the sine function shape gap of 10 kinds of single cyclesnWith the gap width as weighting coefficient
WnAnd the direction angle θ of corresponding -1 space harmonics-1As shown in the table：
By above table, according to weighting coefficient Wn, the weighted superposition of the SIN function of 10 single cycles is carried out, it is final to obtain
The function expression of seam shape after to combination：
Wherein, x, y are respectively the x for sewing the rectangular coordinate system where gap, the y-axis coordinate of leaky-wave antenna, and y-axis direction is
The distribution arrangement for sewing gap of leaky-wave antenna, PnFor the period in the sine function shape gap of n-th of single cycle, WnIt is n-th
The gap width in the sine function shape gap of a single cycle.
As shown in figure 4, single sine function shape gap is stitched along rectangular waveguide central axis y directional spredings are sewed
Gap period P1=68, gap width W1=10mm, gap length l=800mm.Gap function expression is as follows：
As shown in figure 5, there are two lobe spokes in the antenna radiation pattern of single cycle sine function shape gap leaky-wave antenna
It penetrates.The beam position θ of -1 subharmonic at this time-1=-75 °, 3dB beam angles are 25.5 °.
As shown in fig. 6, the wave beam forming direction of an electric field figure for the rectangular waveguide leaky-wave antenna being calculated using composite function
In aerial radiation direction better conformed to the desired secant figuration for meeting restricted clearance feature, and 3dB wave beams
Width has reached 45.9 °, and antenna performance reaches a preferable state.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7, the wide lobe leaky-wave antenna of substrate integration wave-guide based on the present invention, it is described to sew rectangular wave
The upper surface led offers combined sine function shape gap as shown in Figure 8；Substrate integrated waveguide medium layer thickness h=
1.524mm permittivity εr=3.0, metal throuth hole diameter d=1.0mm, the center distance s in homonymy adjacent metal hole=
1.7mm, the width w=22.15mm of substrate integration wave-guide, length L=200mm.Working frequency is f=5.8GHz.
As shown in figure 8, combined sine function shape gap is divided along the directions rectangular waveguide central axis y are sewed, it is described
Combined gap is by the gap of the sine function shape of 10 kinds of single cycles as shown in Figure 9, according to different weighting coefficients
Combination is formed by stacking.The period P in the sine function shape gap of 10 kinds of single cyclesnWith the gap width W as weighting coefficientn,
And the direction angle θ of corresponding -1 space harmonics-1As shown in the table：
By above table, according to weighting coefficient Wn, the weighted superposition of the SIN function of 10 single cycles is carried out, it is final to obtain
The function expression of seam shape after to combination：
Wherein, x, y are respectively the x for sewing the rectangular coordinate system where gap, the y-axis coordinate of leaky-wave antenna, PnIt is n-th
The period in the sine function shape gap of single cycle, WnFor the slit width in the sine function shape gap of n-th of single cycle
Degree.
As shown in figure 9, single cycle sine function shape gap is along sewing rectangular waveguide central axis y directional spredings,
Gap period P9=35, gap width W9=1mm, gap length l=175mm.Gap function expression is as follows：
As shown in Figure 10, there are two lobe spokes in the antenna radiation pattern of single cycle sine function shape gap leaky-wave antenna
It penetrates.The beam position θ of -1 subharmonic at this time-1=-15 °, 3dB beam angles are 15.5 °.
As shown in figure 11, the wave beam forming electric field side for the substrate integrated waveguide leaky-wave antenna being calculated using composite function
Radiation pattern into figure has better conformed to the desired secant figuration for meeting restricted clearance feature, and
3dB beam angles have reached 56.7 °, and antenna performance reaches a preferable state.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention may be used also on the basis of the above description for those of ordinary skill in the art
To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair
Row of the obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of leaky-wave antenna, which is characterized in that the shape for sewing gap of the leaky-wave antenna be include the different radiation sides of correspondence
To different cycles structure composite construction；
The composite construction including different cycles structure is the SIN function according to the different cycles of the different radiation directions of correspondence
What the composite function formed after weighted superposition was calculated；
The expression formula of the composite function formed after the SIN function weighted superposition of the different cycles of the different radiation directions of the correspondence
For：
Wherein, x, y are respectively the x for sewing the rectangular coordinate system where gap, the y-axis coordinate of leaky-wave antenna, and y-axis direction is leaky wave
The distribution arrangement for sewing gap of antenna, N are the SIN function number to form composite function, PnFor n-th of sine function shape
The period in gap, weighting coefficient WnFor the gap width in n-th of sine function shape gap, α is periodic coefficient, and β is that superposition is
Number.
2. a kind of beam form-endowing method based on leaky-wave antenna, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps：
The shape that gap is sewed in making is the leaky wave day of the composite construction for the different cycles structure for including the different radiation directions of correspondence
Line；
Multiple -1 space harmonics are generated using the leaky-wave antenna to be superimposed, and figuration is carried out to antenna beam；
The shape that gap is sewed in the making is the leakage of the composite construction including different cycles structure of corresponding different radiation directions
Wave antenna further comprises following sub-step：
Utilize the composite function meter formed after the SIN function weighted superposition corresponding to multiple and different periods of different radiation directions
Calculation obtains the shape for sewing gap of leaky-wave antenna；
The radiant field intensity on different directions is adjusted by selecting the weighting coefficient of each cycle sinusoidal function；
The expression formula of the composite function formed after the SIN function weighted superposition of the different cycles of the different radiation directions of the correspondence
For：
Wherein, x, y are respectively the x for sewing the rectangular coordinate system where gap, the y-axis coordinate of leaky-wave antenna, and y-axis direction is leaky wave
The distribution arrangement for sewing gap of antenna, N are the SIN function number to form composite function, PnFor n-th of sine function shape
The period in gap, weighting coefficient WnFor the gap width in n-th of sine function shape gap, α is periodic coefficient, and β is that superposition is
Number.
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| CN201610086580.XA CN105720376B (en) | 2016-02-15 | 2016-02-15 | Leaky-wave antenna and beam form-endowing method based on leaky-wave antenna |
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| CN113013614B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-05-06 | 北京交通大学 | Loaded antenna assembly of ware is divided to merit of two-way beam forming |
| CN113851850B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-03-28 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Zero-crossing scanning leaky-wave antenna |
Citations (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101000980A (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2007-07-18 | 北京海域天华通讯设备有限公司 | High gain oblique wave beam circular plate antenna |
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2016
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101000980A (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2007-07-18 | 北京海域天华通讯设备有限公司 | High gain oblique wave beam circular plate antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| "LEAKY WAVE ANTENNA WITH NON-UNIFORM CRLH TRANSMISSION LINE FOR WIDE RANGE SPACE FIELD COVERAGE IN MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM";Hou,HJ等;《3rd IEEE International Conference Microwave Technology and Computational Electromagnetics(ICMTCE)》;20130829;第172-175页 * |
| "New Approach of Radiation Pattern Control for Leaky-Wave Antennas Based on the Effective Radiation Sections";Zheng Li等;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION》;20150731;第63卷(第7期);第2867-2878页 * |
| Radiation Characteristic of the Periodic Leaky Wave Structure and Its Application to Leaky Wave Antenna Design;Junhong Wang等;《2015 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference(APMC)》;20151209;第1-3卷;第1页 * |
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