CN106058490A - Method for generating vortex electromagnetic wave - Google Patents
Method for generating vortex electromagnetic wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN106058490A CN106058490A CN201610383709.3A CN201610383709A CN106058490A CN 106058490 A CN106058490 A CN 106058490A CN 201610383709 A CN201610383709 A CN 201610383709A CN 106058490 A CN106058490 A CN 106058490A
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- electromagnetic wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for generating a vortex electromagnetic wave. For an array antenna that has a total number of n array elements, excitations are applied to all array elements so as to generate the vortex electromagnetic wave, wherein the excitations have equal amplitude and sequentially have a difference of 2pi1/n in phase, an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode of the vortex electromagnetic wave is 1 or -1 (1 or -1 changes clockwise or anticlockwise according to a phase difference or is controlled through ascending or descending of the phase difference), and the total number n of the array element and a topological charge 1 only needs to meet a relationship of |1|<n/2. The method for generating the vortex electromagnetic wave is simple to carry out and does not limit an array unit form, the array elements are arranged flexibly, vortex electromagnetic waves of different OAM modes can be generated by adjusting the number of the array elements and the array element arrangement manner, and vortex electromagnetic waves of multiple OAM modes that work simultaneously can be generated through proper combination.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electromagnetic field microwave technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method producing vortex electromagnetic wave.
Background technology
Being understood electromagnetic radiation by Maxwell's classical electromagnetic theory and can be loaded with energy and momentum simultaneously, momentum includes linearly
Momentum and angular momentum.Angular momentum is divided into spin angular momentaum (Spin Angular Momentum, SAM) and orbital angular momentum
(Orbital Angular Momentum, OAM).As a basic physical attribute of electromagnetic wave, the eigenstate of OAM has shape
AsPhase factor, l is the pattern of OAM, is also called topological charge (Topological Charge, TC), represents OAM's
Spatial distribution.Common electromagnetic wave OAM pattern is l=0, and equiphase surface is plane；If wave beam is twisted, the OAM of electromagnetic wave
Pattern is not zero, the direction of propagation that wavefront spirally state will be caused to rotate on ripple, and the field intensity at wavefront center is zero, this tool
The extraordinary electromagnetic wave having helical form phase front is exactly vortex electromagnetic wave.Vortex electromagnetic wave can by Ordinary Electromagnetic Wave add phase place because of
Son produces, and expression formula isIn formula, A (r) is electromagnetic wave amplitude, r be to beam center axis radiation away from
From.
At present, with method that spiral phase plate and array antenna are the raw vortex electromagnetic wave of main product it has been reported that such as document
[Zhu L.,Wei X.,Wang J.,et al.,Experimental demonstration of basic
functionalities for 0.1-THz orbital angular momentum(OAM)communications[C],
Optical Fiber Communication Conference,Optical Society of America,2014:M3K.7]
[Wei W., Mahdjoubi K., Brousseau C., et al., Generation of OAM waves with
circular phase shifter and array of patch antennas[J],Electronics Letters,
2015,51 (6): 442-443] etc., it is achieved that the vortex electromagnetic wave of single OAM pattern.
Document [Tennant A., Allen B., Generation of radio frequency OAM radiation
modes using circular time-switched and phased array antennas[C],IEEE Antennas
And Propagation Conference (LAPC), Loughborough, 2012:1-4] use time switch array, produce
The vortex electromagnetic wave of multiple OAM patterns, but multiple OAM patterns that this method produces are not in same frequency.
Document [Cheng L., Hong W., Hao Z.C., Generation of electromagnetic waves
with arbitrary orbital angular momentum modes[J],Scientific reports,2014:1-5]
Create multiple OAM pattern based on lens principle in same frequency, however it is necessary that drill precise holes is defeated to control on medium substrate
Go out phase place, and be TV university structure.Thus, explore a kind of simple vortex electromagnetic wave production method and microwave engineering is had weight
Want value and significance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method producing vortex electromagnetic wave, the spirit simple, convenient of institute's extracting method
Live, the vortex electromagnetic wave of any OAM pattern can be realized.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method producing vortex electromagnetic wave based on phased array principle, specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1. is for needing to generate the vortex electromagnetic wave that OAM pattern is l, and building an array element sum is the planar array of n
Array antenna, as it is shown in figure 1, wherein array number n should meet | l | < n/2；Described n array element is arranged and structure for non-rectilinear on front
Become a closed curve, choose wherein any one array element numbered 1, with suitable for starting point along described closed curve of No. 1 array element
Hour hands or counterclockwise will remain that array element is numbered 2 successively, 3 ..., n；
The excitation phase of all array element of step 2. is arithmetic progression arrangement with the numbered sequence of array element, and described arithmetic progression is with 1
The excitation phase α of number array element1It is 2 π l/n or-2 π l/n for first term, phase place tolerance of going forward one by one；
All array elements are applied step 3. constant amplitude and phase place meets the excitation set described in step 2, can produce OAM pattern
Vortex electromagnetic wave for l.
Being the array antenna of n for described array element sum, all antenna elements can be arranged in triangle or concentric circumferences
Or on ellipse week, the most described closed curve of front shape can be triangle, rectangle, circle, ellipse or other polygons；Institute
The array element form stating array antenna does not limits, and can be micro-strip paster antenna, such as rectangle or Circular microstrip patch antenna, it is possible to
To be monopole antenna or dipole antenna etc..
Further, by array element maximum spacing dmaxLimit, i.e. meet dmax≤ λ, wherein λ is described array sky
The waveguide wavelength that lineman's working frequency is corresponding, can avoid the occurrence of too high graing lobe.
The vortex effect of vortex electromagnetic wave can be strengthened by adjusting the arrangement mode of array element sum n or change array element.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The vortex electromagnetic wave production method that the present invention proposes is simple, and the array element form of array antenna does not limits, array element
Arrangement mode is flexible；By regulation array element number and array element arrangement mode, the vortex electromagnetic wave of any OAM pattern can be produced；
Additionally, by the appropriately combined vortex electromagnetic wave that can realize there is multiple OAM pattern simultaneously, thus the abundantest and development
The corresponding theory of microwave engineering and technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the array antenna structure schematic diagram for producing vortex electromagnetic wave.
The single array element model that Fig. 2 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the single array element coverage diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the PHASE DISTRIBUTION figure of the single array element electric field in the specific embodiment of the invention.
The array antenna model that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 1.
The electric field phase scattergram of the array antenna that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 1.
The array antenna model that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 2.
The electric field phase scattergram of the array antenna that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 2.
The array antenna model that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 3.
The electric field phase scattergram of the array antenna that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 3.
The array antenna model that Figure 11 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 4.
The electric field phase scattergram of the array antenna that Figure 12 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 4.
The array antenna model that Figure 13 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 5.
The electric field phase scattergram of the array antenna that Figure 14 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 5.
The array antenna model that Figure 15 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 6.
The electric field phase scattergram of the array antenna that Figure 16 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 6.
The array antenna model that Figure 17 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 7.
The electric field phase scattergram of the array antenna that Figure 18 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 7.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the array antenna structure schematic diagram (array number is n) for producing vortex electromagnetic wave that the present invention proposes, its
Middle k (k=1,2 ..., k ..., n) it is array element numbering, dmaxArray element maximum spacing for described array antenna.Here, for control gate
Lobe level, need to be to array element maximum spacing dmaxLimit, i.e. dmax≤ λ, wherein λ is that described array antenna operating frequency is corresponding
Waveguide wavelength.Being the array antenna of n for described array element sum, all antenna elements can be arranged in triangle or be positioned at one heart
On annulus or elliptical ring, the front shape that all antenna elements surround can be triangle, rectangle, circle, ellipse or other
Polygon；The array element form of described array antenna does not limits, and can be rectangular microband paste antenna, Circular microstrip patch antenna or list
Extremely son, dipole antenna etc..
This detailed description of the invention is as a example by n=4 element array antenna, it is achieved OAM pattern is the vortex electromagnetic wave of 1.Due to institute
The array element form stating array antenna does not limits, and embodiment alternative costs are low, it is simple to make, widely used monopole antenna.
Monopole antenna is made up of metal floor and the thin cylinder of metal being perpendicular to floor, is presented by floor end
Electricity.Using CST full-wave simulator to carry out numerical computations, antenna model is as in figure 2 it is shown, operating frequency f is 2.5GHz, and floor is positioned at
Xoy plane, for reducing floor impact, ground board diameter D is taken as three times of operation wavelengths, i.e. 360mm, and thickness h is 1.5mm, optimized
Calculating, taking antenna length L is 26.62mm, metal thin cylinder diameter D0For 1mm, reflection parameters S obtained11As it is shown on figure 3,
Can be seen that resonant frequency is 2.5GHz, the return loss at resonance point be about 42dB, Fig. 4 be array element electric field phase distribution
Figure.
Embodiment 1
After determining array element size, in the present embodiment, 4 array elements being arranged in triangular rim, front is shaped as directly
Angle triangle, 4 element array antennas are positioned at xoy face, and CST phantom is as shown in Figure 5.In view of between the array element maximum of array antenna
Away from dmaxImpact on graing lobe, taking adjacent array element distance d is 0.1 λ (λ is the free space wavelength that resonant frequency is corresponding), i.e.
24mm, array element maximum spacing dmaxLess than wavelength, i.e. a 120mm.The excitation phase of first array element is α1, control other battle arrays
The excitation phase of unit increases by 2 π l/n=90 ° successively, thus realizes the vortex electromagnetic wave of OAM pattern l=1.Fig. 6 is embodiment 1
Electric field phase scattergram, it is seen that electric field phase circumferentially circle change 2 π, corresponding to the vortex electromagnetic wave of OAM pattern l=1.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 7 is the CST phantom of embodiment 2, and the difference with embodiment 1 is that front is shaped as acute triangle, Fig. 8
Electric field phase scattergram for embodiment 2.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 9 is the CST phantom of embodiment 3, and the difference with embodiment 1 is that front is shaped as obtuse triangle, figure
10 is the electric field phase scattergram of embodiment 3.
Embodiment 4
Figure 11 is the CST phantom of embodiment 4, and the difference with embodiment 1 is that front is shaped as convex quadrangle, array
The unit of antenna is unequal-interval arrangement, and array element distance is value in the range of 0.1 λ to 0.2 λ, and Figure 12 is the electric field phase of embodiment 4
Position scattergram.
Embodiment 5
Figure 13 is the CST phantom of embodiment 5, and the difference with embodiment 1 is that front is shaped as recessed tetragon, array element
Spacing is respectively 21.6mm and 13.4mm.Figure 14 is the electric field phase scattergram of embodiment 5.
Embodiment 6
Figure 15 is the CST phantom of embodiment 6, and the difference with embodiment 1 is that array element is equidistantly arranged on circular arc,
The radius of circular arc place circle is 12mm, and the angle of circular arc is 90 °.Figure 16 is the electric field phase scattergram of embodiment 6.
Embodiment 7
Figure 17 is the CST phantom of embodiment 7, and the difference with embodiment 1 is that array element is evenly spaced on annulus, circle
Ring radius is 12mm.Figure 18 is the electric field phase scattergram of embodiment 7.
Above-mentioned 7 embodiment only present invention are for realizing the section Example of OAM pattern l=1, by corresponding emulation
Result can be seen that the vortex electromagnetic wave all achieving OAM pattern l=1.Comparing result finds, array profiles shape more tends to
Circle, effect is the best, and when array element is evenly spaced on annulus, effect is best.
The vortex electromagnetic wave production method that the present invention proposes, is the array antenna of n for an array element sum, all array elements
Can equidistantly can also arrange by unequal-interval；Height can be produced by increasing the phase contrast of array element number or regulation array element excitation
The vortex electromagnetic wave of rank OAM pattern；Furthermore, it is possible to make array profiles shape tend to circle or not by adjusting array element arrangement mode
Increase array element number in the case of changing array element arrangement mode and required OAM pattern is better achieved；The battle array of described array antenna
N-ary form n is unrestricted, can consider the factor such as system index, antenna cost and select；The size of described antenna sections is also
Other length can be selected, zoom in or out the most in proportion；By taking its bandwidth of operation of corresponding measure i.e. scalable, this is right
It is apparent from for those skilled in the relevant art.
Claims (4)
1. the method producing vortex electromagnetic wave, comprises the following steps:
Step 1. is for needing to generate the vortex electromagnetic wave that orbital angular momentum pattern is l, and building an array element sum is the plane of n
Array antenna, wherein array element sum n should meet | l | < n/2；Described n array element is arranged for non-rectilinear on front and constitutes one
Closed curve, chooses wherein any one array element numbered 1, with No. 1 array element for starting point along described closed curve clockwise or
Person counterclockwise will remain that array element is numbered 2 successively, 3 ..., n；
The excitation phase of all array element of step 2. is arithmetic progression arrangement with numbered sequence, and described arithmetic progression is with No. 1 array element
Excitation phase α1It is 2 π l/n or-2 π l/n for first term, phase place tolerance of going forward one by one；
Step 3. applies constant amplitude to all array elements, phase place meets the excitation set described in step 2, and can produce OAM pattern is l's
Vortex electromagnetic wave.
The method of generation vortex electromagnetic wave the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described closed curve be circular,
Ellipse or polygon.
The method of generation vortex electromagnetic wave the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described array element is microband paste sky
Line, monopole antenna or dipole antenna.
4. according to the method producing vortex electromagnetic wave described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that array element maximum spacing dmax
Meet dmax≤ λ, wherein λ is the waveguide wavelength that described array antenna operating frequency is corresponding.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110210111A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-06 | 重庆邮电大学 | Vortex wave based on time-modulation concentric loop array generates and optimization method |
| CN110426707A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Vortex SAR imaging method and system based on orbital angular momentum |
| CN110988868A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-04-10 | 南京理工大学 | Equivalent fractional order mode vortex electromagnetic wave generation and imaging method |
| CN112240910A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-01-19 | 华中科技大学 | Magnetostrictive guided wave topological signal processing method and nondestructive testing method |
| CN112702138A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | Ovality parameter optimization selection method suitable for short-distance communication system |
| CN113660012A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-11-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | Random frequency diversity array-based distance-sensitive local vortex wave generation method |
| US20220123464A1 (en) * | 2019-02-06 | 2022-04-21 | Sony Group Corporation | Systems and devices for mutual directive beam switch array |
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| GB2410130A (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-20 | Roke Manor Research | Planar phased array radio antenna for orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex modes |
| CN105071034A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-18 | 宁夏大学 | Multi-modal orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex electromagnetic wave microstrip array antenna |
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2016
- 2016-06-01 CN CN201610383709.3A patent/CN106058490A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2410130A (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-20 | Roke Manor Research | Planar phased array radio antenna for orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex modes |
| CN105071034A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-18 | 宁夏大学 | Multi-modal orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex electromagnetic wave microstrip array antenna |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220123464A1 (en) * | 2019-02-06 | 2022-04-21 | Sony Group Corporation | Systems and devices for mutual directive beam switch array |
| CN110210111A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-06 | 重庆邮电大学 | Vortex wave based on time-modulation concentric loop array generates and optimization method |
| CN110426707A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Vortex SAR imaging method and system based on orbital angular momentum |
| CN110426707B (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2021-05-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Vortex SAR imaging method and system based on orbital angular momentum |
| CN110988868A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-04-10 | 南京理工大学 | Equivalent fractional order mode vortex electromagnetic wave generation and imaging method |
| CN110988868B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2023-09-26 | 南京理工大学 | Equivalent fractional order mode vortex electromagnetic wave generation and imaging method |
| CN112240910A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-01-19 | 华中科技大学 | Magnetostrictive guided wave topological signal processing method and nondestructive testing method |
| CN112702138A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | Ovality parameter optimization selection method suitable for short-distance communication system |
| CN113660012A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-11-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | Random frequency diversity array-based distance-sensitive local vortex wave generation method |
| CN113660012B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-09-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Random frequency diversity array-based distance-sensitive local vortex wave generation method |
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