CN210111045U - Artificial electromagnetic surface for generating Bessel beams carrying orbital angular momentum - Google Patents
Artificial electromagnetic surface for generating Bessel beams carrying orbital angular momentum Download PDFInfo
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- CN210111045U CN210111045U CN201920859851.XU CN201920859851U CN210111045U CN 210111045 U CN210111045 U CN 210111045U CN 201920859851 U CN201920859851 U CN 201920859851U CN 210111045 U CN210111045 U CN 210111045U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an artifical electromagnetic surface for producing the Bessel wave beam that carries orbital angular momentum is arranged by a plurality of first phase shift unit and a plurality of second phase shift unit array and is formed. The first phase-shifting unit and the second phase-shifting unit both comprise three layers of metal and two layers of dielectric substrates, wherein the upper layer of metal and the lower layer of metal are two squares with the same size, and the middle layer of metal is a square metal with a specific gap shape. Two vertical I-shaped gaps are dug out from a square metal sheet by the middle layer metal of the first phase-shifting unit, and the middle layer metal of the second phase-shifting unit is a square frame. The utility model discloses a disclosed artifical electromagnetic surface can produce the Bessel electromagnetic wave beam that carries orbital angular momentum, is applied to the communication field and will be expected to improve communication capacity to this utility model has advantages such as the quality is light, thickness is thin, manufacturing process is ripe.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of communication technology, especially, relate to orbit angular momentum electromagnetic wave produces technical field, concretely relates to an artificial electromagnetic surface for producing the Bessel wave beam that carries orbit angular momentum.
Background
With the rapid development of communication technology, limited spectrum resources, which are non-renewable resources, become more and more crowded, and many approaches, such as code division multiple access technology, time division multiple access technology, multichannel technology, etc., are used to further increase communication capacity. In recent years, orbital angular momentum waves show a new degree of freedom due to carrying orbital angular momentum, theoretically have infinite orthogonal modes without interference at any frequency, are expected to improve spectrum efficiency and communication capacity in the communication field, show the potential of improving resolution in the radar imaging field, and gradually become a research hotspot. However, the orbital angular momentum wave has inherent weakness, and the beam dispersion is difficult to concentrate due to the special phase distribution. Bessel beams are of interest to many researchers because of their diffraction-free nature, and although absolutely diffraction-free bessel beams cannot be realized, approximate bessel beams can nevertheless propagate over considerable distances without diffraction. The beam convergence of the orbital angular momentum wave dispersion has great research value and potential by utilizing the diffraction-free characteristic of the Bessel beam.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that to the defect that involves in the background art, provide an artifical electromagnetic surface that is used for producing the Bessel wave beam that carries orbital angular momentum.
The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem and adopt following technical scheme:
the artificial electromagnetic surface is used for generating Bessel beams carrying orbital angular momentum and comprises a plurality of first phase-shifting units and a plurality of second phase-shifting units;
the first phase shifting unit and the second phase shifting unit respectively comprise a first metal layer, a first medium substrate layer, a second metal layer, a second medium substrate layer and a third metal layer from top to bottom; the first metal layer and the third metal layer are both square, and the side length is a; the first medium substrate layer and the second medium substrate layer are both square, the side length is b, and b is larger than or equal to a;
the second metal layer of the first phase-shifting unit is square, the side length is b, first to sixth gaps are arranged on the second metal layer, and the first gap and the second gap are vertical to each other to form a cross-shaped gap with the center positioned at the center of the second metal layer; the third gap and the fifth gap are respectively and vertically connected with two ends of the first gap at the middle points of the first metal layer, the fourth gap and the sixth gap are respectively and vertically connected with two ends of the second gap at the middle points of the second metal layer, and the third gap, the fourth gap, the fifth gap and the sixth gap are respectively and correspondingly parallel to four edges of the second metal layer one by one; the patterns formed by the first to sixth gaps are symmetrical about the center of the second metal layer;
the second metal layer of the second phase-shifting unit is a square frame, and the side length of the outer frame of the second phase-shifting unit is b;
the range of the phase compensation amount of the first phase shifting unit is [0, 180 degrees ], and the range of the phase compensation amount of the second phase shifting unit is [180 degrees, 360 degrees ];
the plurality of first phase-shifting units and the plurality of second phase-shifting units are arranged in an array mode to form an artificial electromagnetic surface, the center of the artificial electromagnetic surface is made to be an original point, a straight line passing through the original point and perpendicular to the artificial electromagnetic surface is a z-axis, coordinates from the center of any phase-shifting unit to the original point are (x, y), and phase compensation quantity of the phase-shifting unit is
Where λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency and β is the angle between the direction of exit of the bessel beam and the z-axis.
The utility model adopts the above technical scheme to compare with prior art, have following technological effect:
the artificial electromagnetic surface has special properties that do not exist in natural substances. The utility model discloses utilized the phase place sudden change function on artifical electromagnetic surface, made and passed through the utility model relates to a quasi-plane electromagnetic wave on artifical electromagnetic surface can turn into the Bessel electromagnetic wave that carries the orbit angular momentum. Can be with during the use the utility model relates to an artifical electromagnetic surface is placed on horn antenna mouth face or just can realize turning into the Bessel wave beam that carries orbital angular momentum with ordinary quasi-plane ripples on the array antenna mouth face of suitable size.
A people magnetic surface of Bessel wave beam that production carried orbital angular momentum, surpass surface or orbital angular momentum ripples with other and produce the antenna and compare, have advantages such as strong adaptability of polarization, transmission efficiency height, quality are light, the section is low, easily make.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first phase shift unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a Bessel beam phase compensation cloud diagram carrying orbital angular momentum;
fig. 3(a) and fig. 3(b) are unit parameter labels of the first phase shift unit and the second phase shift unit, respectively;
FIG. 4 is the amount of phase shift at different frequencies for a cell of 12 different parameters;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the entire artificial electromagnetic surface for generating bessel beams carrying orbital angular momentum according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a phase common taken at z-200 mm;
fig. 7 is a cloud of electric field amplitude distributions.
In the figure: 1-a first metal layer, 2-a first dielectric substrate layer, 3-a second metal layer, 4-a second dielectric substrate layer, 5-a third metal layer, 6-a second aperture.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the utility model is further explained in detail with the attached drawings as follows:
the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.
The utility model discloses an artificial electromagnetic surface for generating Bessel wave beams carrying orbital angular momentum, which comprises a plurality of first phase shifting units and a plurality of second phase shifting units;
as shown in fig. 1, the first phase shifting unit and the second phase shifting unit each include, from top to bottom, a first metal layer, a first dielectric substrate layer, a second metal layer, a second dielectric substrate layer, and a third metal layer; the first metal layer and the third metal layer are both square, and the side length is a; the first medium substrate layer and the second medium substrate layer are both square, the side length is b, and b is larger than or equal to a;
the second metal layer of the first phase-shifting unit is square, the side length is b, first to sixth gaps are arranged on the second metal layer, and the first gap and the second gap are vertical to each other to form a cross-shaped gap with the center positioned at the center of the second metal layer; the third gap and the fifth gap are respectively and vertically connected with two ends of the first gap at the middle points of the first metal layer, the fourth gap and the sixth gap are respectively and vertically connected with two ends of the second gap at the middle points of the second metal layer, and the third gap, the fourth gap, the fifth gap and the sixth gap are respectively and correspondingly parallel to four edges of the second metal layer one by one; the patterns formed by the first to sixth gaps are symmetrical about the center of the second metal layer;
the second metal layer of the second phase-shifting unit is a square frame, and the side length of the outer frame of the second phase-shifting unit is b;
the phase compensation amount range of the first phase shifting unit is 0-180 degrees, and the phase compensation amount range of the second phase shifting unit is 180-360 degrees;
the plurality of first phase-shifting units and the plurality of second phase-shifting units are arranged in an array mode to form an artificial electromagnetic surface, the center of the artificial electromagnetic surface is made to be an original point, a straight line passing through the original point and perpendicular to the artificial electromagnetic surface is a z-axis, coordinates from the center of any phase-shifting unit to the original point are (x, y), and phase compensation quantity of the phase-shifting unit is
Where λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency and β is the angle between the direction of exit of the bessel beam and the z-axis.
Compensation formula
Is orbital angular momentum wave phaseThe superposition of a bit compensation law and a Bessel wave phase compensation law, wherein the orbital angular momentum wave phase compensation law is
In the formula, phi1Represents the phase compensation amount of the phase shift unit with the center coordinate of (x, y); the Bessel wave phase compensation law is
In the formula, phi2The phase compensation amount of the phase shift unit having the center coordinate (x, y) is expressed.
In the utility model, the side length b of the first metal layer and the third metal layer in the first phase shift unit is adjusted, or the width of the first to the sixth gaps in the second metal layer of the first phase shift unit is adjusted, so that the phase compensation quantity of the first phase shift unit can be changed at [0, 180 °; the side length b of the first metal layer and the third metal layer in the second phase shifting unit is adjusted, or the side length of the inner frame of the second metal layer in the second phase shifting unit is adjusted, so that the phase compensation quantity of the first phase shifting unit can be changed within the range of 180 degrees and 360 degrees.
When the artificial electromagnetic surface is formed, the length of a is determined according to the working frequency, and then the formula of the phase compensation quantity is usedAnd calculating the phase compensation quantity of each phase shifting unit on the artificial electromagnetic surface, and determining whether to adopt the first phase shifting unit or the second phase shifting unit according to whether the phase compensation quantity is in the interval [0, 180 degrees ] or the interval [180 degrees ] and 360 degrees.
And preparing a comparison table of the side length b of the first phase shifting unit, the widths of the first to sixth gaps and the phase compensation amount under the working frequency, and a comparison table of the side length b of the second phase shifting unit, the side length of the inner frame of the second metal layer and the phase compensation amount in advance, so that the parameters of each first phase shifting unit and each second phase shifting unit can be easily determined according to the phase compensation amount of each phase shifting unit.
Firstly, a phase compensation value required by each pixel point in a plane range of 60mm multiplied by 70mm is obtained according to a Bessel beam phase compensation formula carrying orbital angular momentum, and the size of each pixel point is 2.4mm multiplied by 2.4 mm. The phase compensated cloud map obtained using the calculation tool is shown in fig. 2.
Then, a phase jump unit with a phase shifting capability meeting the phase compensation requirement proposed in fig. 2 needs to be designed, and specific design parameters of the phase jump unit are as follows:
as shown in fig. 3(a), H is 0.5mm, D is 2.4mm, no adjustment is made from 0 to 360 ° for phase compensation, and the left structure is used for phase compensation between 0 to 180 °, W ranges from 0.12mm to 0.2mm, La ranges from 1.5mm to 1.7mm, Lp ranges from 2.04mm to 2.24mm, and Lc ranges from 2.28 mm; when the phase compensation is between 180 and 360 degrees, the structure of fig. 3(b) is used, the variation range of Lc1 is between 2.0 and 2.28mm, and D is kept unchanged at 2.4 mm.
According to the required phase compensation quantity, 12 units with different parameters are designed to be respectively placed on corresponding pixel points, and the phase shift quantity of the 12 units at different frequencies is shown in fig. 4.
The general view of the super-surface designed according to the above steps of the embodiment is shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 6, the artificial electromagnetic surface designed according to the embodiment has a phase normal at 34GHz and z is 200mm when operating, and it can be seen that the phase normal is a single-wall helix, which achieves the expected effect of the orbital angular momentum wave.
As shown in fig. 7, the artificial electromagnetic surface designed according to the specific embodiment is an electric field amplitude distribution cloud chart taken at a plane where the frequency is 34GHz and y is 0 when the artificial electromagnetic surface works, and it can be seen that energy propagated by an electric field along the Z axis is relatively concentrated, and an expected effect of a bessel beam is achieved.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The above-mentioned embodiments further describe the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above description is only the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The artificial electromagnetic surface is used for generating Bessel beams carrying orbital angular momentum and is characterized by comprising a plurality of first phase-shifting units and a plurality of second phase-shifting units;
the first phase shifting unit and the second phase shifting unit respectively comprise a first metal layer, a first medium substrate layer, a second metal layer, a second medium substrate layer and a third metal layer from top to bottom; the first metal layer and the third metal layer are both square, and the side length is a; the first medium substrate layer and the second medium substrate layer are both square, the side length is b, and b is larger than or equal to a;
the second metal layer of the first phase-shifting unit is square, the side length is b, first to sixth gaps are arranged on the second metal layer, and the first gap and the second gap are vertical to each other to form a cross-shaped gap with the center positioned at the center of the second metal layer; the third gap and the fifth gap are respectively and vertically connected with two ends of the first gap at the middle points of the first metal layer, the fourth gap and the sixth gap are respectively and vertically connected with two ends of the second gap at the middle points of the second metal layer, and the third gap, the fourth gap, the fifth gap and the sixth gap are respectively and correspondingly parallel to four edges of the second metal layer one by one; the patterns formed by the first to sixth gaps are symmetrical about the center of the second metal layer;
the second metal layer of the second phase-shifting unit is a square frame, and the side length of the outer frame of the second phase-shifting unit is b;
the phase compensation amount range of the first phase shifting unit is 0-180 degrees, and the phase compensation amount range of the second phase shifting unit is 180-360 degrees;
the plurality of first phase-shifting units and the plurality of second phase-shifting units are arranged in an array mode to form an artificial electromagnetic surface, the center of the artificial electromagnetic surface is made to be an original point, a straight line passing through the original point and perpendicular to the artificial electromagnetic surface is a z-axis, coordinates from the center of any phase-shifting unit to the original point are (x, y), and phase compensation quantity of the phase-shifting unit is
Where λ is the wavelength at the operating frequency and β is the angle between the direction of exit of the bessel beam and the z-axis.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920859851.XU CN210111045U (en) | 2019-06-10 | 2019-06-10 | Artificial electromagnetic surface for generating Bessel beams carrying orbital angular momentum |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110165417A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | For generating the artificial electromagnetic surface for carrying the Bezier wave beam of orbital angular momentum |
| CN114221138A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-03-22 | 北京芯可鉴科技有限公司 | Artificial electromagnetic super surface and manufacturing method thereof |
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2019
- 2019-06-10 CN CN201920859851.XU patent/CN210111045U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110165417A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | For generating the artificial electromagnetic surface for carrying the Bezier wave beam of orbital angular momentum |
| CN110165417B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2024-04-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Artificial electromagnetic surface for generating Bessel beams carrying orbital angular momentum |
| CN114221138A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-03-22 | 北京芯可鉴科技有限公司 | Artificial electromagnetic super surface and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114221138B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-04-29 | 北京芯可鉴科技有限公司 | Artificial electromagnetic super surface and manufacturing method thereof |
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