CN105140655B - A kind of reflective array antenna based on phase delay line style reflector element - Google Patents
A kind of reflective array antenna based on phase delay line style reflector element Download PDFInfo
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- CN105140655B CN105140655B CN201510463489.0A CN201510463489A CN105140655B CN 105140655 B CN105140655 B CN 105140655B CN 201510463489 A CN201510463489 A CN 201510463489A CN 105140655 B CN105140655 B CN 105140655B
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- delay line
- reflector element
- phase delay
- line style
- outer toroid
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of reflective array antenna based on phase delay line style reflector element, including pyramid loudspeaker feed and reflecting surface array, and wherein reflecting surface array is formed by several delay line phase reflector elements by the symmetrical mode periodic arrangement of minute surface.Described delay line phase reflector element structure is made up of two nested relative delay line phases in additional two positions of the annulus that cracks.The present invention substantially increases the gain bandwidth of reflection planar array antenna, realizes ultra-wideband antenna, while cross polarization has obtained effective suppression.And the reflective array antenna of the present invention uses single-layer medium board structure so that reflecting surface array structure is simple, and easy processing, cost is low, light weight.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to antenna technical field, is related to a kind of microstrip reflectarray antenna, especially a kind of to be based on phase delay
The reflective array antenna of line style reflector element.
Background technology
In recent years microstrip reflectarray antenna technology due to the advantage that it is protruded radar and communication field obtain widely should
With.But reflective array antenna also has a place of some shortcomings, it is most important be exactly its bandwidth compare it is relatively low.Cause reflective array
The reason for beamwidth of antenna is low has two：The electricity in path between microband antenna unit narrow-band characteristic in itself and feed and reflector element
Length is not constant.For the reflective array antenna of medium size bore, first reason is most important.
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that reflective array antenna frequency band is narrow, forefathers propose a variety of methods.Wherein using has big model
The reflector element for the linear phase response characteristic enclosed can improve the bandwidth of reflective array antenna.Existing many methods can realize big model
Contour phase response characteristic, such as phase delay line style reflector element, thicken medium substrate and sandwich construction type reflector element.From
Consider in terms of structure processing, phase delay line style reflector element has certain advantage.Although prior art proposes some phases
Position delay line type reflector element can improve to a certain extent reflective array antenna bandwidth (refer to bibliography H.Hasani,
M.Kamyab,and A.Mirkamali,“Low cross-polarization reflectarray antenna,”IEEE
Trans.Antennas Propag., vol.59, no.5, pp.1752-1756, May 2011 and bibliography
R.Shamsaee and Z.Atlasbaf,“Design and implementation of a broadband single
layer circularly polarized reflectarray antenna,”IEEE Antennas Wireless
Propag.Lett., vol.11, pp.973-976,2012), but other methods for improving reflective array antenna bandwidth that compare do not have
Have a clear superiority.The resonance structure that existing phase delay line style reflector element uses has round paster or circular ring structure, it is impossible to
The gain bandwidth of reflective array is further improved, while the shortcomings that cross polar component is larger also be present so that delay line phase
Haplotype microstrip reflectarray antenna also has some limitations.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to be the defects of overcoming prior art, it is a kind of new based on phase delay so as to provide
The microstrip reflectarray antenna of line style reflector element type, broader gain bandwidth can be realized, while reflective array antenna can also be suppressed
Cross polar component.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of reflective array day based on phase delay line style reflector element type
Line, the reflective array antenna include：Feed pyramid loudspeaker and reflecting surface array；
The reflecting surface array includes：Some phase delay line style reflector elements, and the reflection of each phase delay line style is single
First periodic arrangement in a manner of minute surface is symmetrical is in upper surface of base plate；
The phase delay line style reflector element includes microband paste and bottom plate, the phase delay line style reflector element it is micro-
Band paster further includes：The interior annular and outer toroid that nesting is placed, and two delay line phases；Wherein, interior annular and cylindrical
Two gaps are set respectively on ring, and the line in two gaps of interior annular is a diameter of interior annular, and two of outer toroid
The line in gap is a diameter of outer toroid；
Two described delay line phases are connected by the tie point in outer toroid with outer toroid respectively, and two companies
The line of contact is a diameter of outer toroid, and the diameter parallel that two tie point lines obtain is in polarised direction.
Optionally, above-mentioned bottom plate includes following three-decker：Medium substrate, froth bed and earth plate；Wherein, the micro-strip
Paster is laid on the upper surface of the medium substrate using the symmetrical mode of minute surface, and the lower surface of the medium substrate with it is described
The upper surface of froth bed, the lower surface of the froth bed are in contact with the earth plate.
A diameter of first diameter that the line in above-mentioned two gaps in interior annular is formed, two in outer toroid
A diameter of Second bobbin diameter that individual gap line is formed；First diameter and Second bobbin diameter are vertical.
Above-mentioned first diameter parallel is in polarised direction, while Second bobbin diameter is perpendicular to polarised direction.
The length of above-mentioned two delay line phases is identical, and compensates road by changing the length of two delay line phases
Phase difference caused by footpath.
Above-mentioned interior annular is different with the resonant frequency of outer toroid, is made by controlling the size of interior annular and outer toroid interior
Annulus and outer toroid are coupled to the working frequency set；By control the size cracked in gap in interior annular and outer toroid and then
Optimize the frequency response characteristic at the resonant frequency of phase delay line style reflector element.
Optionally, when selected center of antenna working frequency is 10GHz, and the cycle of phase delay type reflector element is 0.5
During times wavelength：The size of cracking in the gap of the interior annular and outer toroid is 0.6 millimeter；And interior annular external diameter is 1.8 millimeters,
Width is 0.88 millimeter；The external diameter of outer toroid is 4 millimeters, and width is 0.8 millimeter.
Two above-mentioned delay line phases are connected respectively at outer toroid by two tie points, and two tie points are positioned at outer
The both ends of circle diameter, the diameter is along X-direction (i.e. parallel to polarised direction).In above-mentioned technical proposal, described interior annular
A diameter of first diameter that upper two gaps lines is formed, a diameter of Second bobbin diameter that two gap lines are formed in outer toroid,
Wherein, the first diameter and Second bobbin diameter are vertical.First diameter is along X-direction (parallel to polarised direction), while Second bobbin diameter is along Y
Direction of principal axis (perpendicular to polarised direction).
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：The present invention can realize super wide band microstrip reflecting surface array day
Line, and can effectively suppress cross polar component.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1-a and 1-b are the schematic diagram based on delay line phase haplotype microstrip reflectarray antenna of the present invention, wherein scheming
1-b is the partial enlarged drawing of any one phase delay reflector element in Fig. 1-a；
Fig. 2-a and 2-b are a micro-strip reflection units in delay line phase haplotype microstrip reflectarray antenna of the invention
Structural representation, wherein Fig. 2-b are Fig. 2-a side views；
Fig. 3 is the reflected phase of micro-strip reflection units with delay line phase length change situation map；
Fig. 4 is the design principle figure of the delay line phase haplotype microstrip reflectarray antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the main polarization and Cross polarization pattern in antenna E faces at 10GHz and 11GHz；
Fig. 6 is the main polarization and Cross polarization pattern in antenna H faces at 10GHz and 11GHz；
Fig. 7 is antenna maximum gain with frequency situation of change figure.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In order to be better understood from technical scheme, embodiments of the present invention are made below in conjunction with accompanying drawing further
Description.
The present invention devises a phase delay line style reflector element structure to improve the bandwidth of microstrip reflectarray antenna, real
Existing ultra-wideband antenna.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1-a and 1-b, delay line phase haplotype microstrip reflectarray antenna of the invention has 9 × 9 micro-strips anti-
Cellular construction composition is penetrated, they are arranged by the symmetrical mode of minute surface.This arrangement mode can be effectively reduced
Reflect the cross polar component of planar array antenna, principle is adjacent reflector element by by cross polarization side on delay line phase
To the method for line current partial offset reduce the cross polar component of antenna.
Reflective array antenna design process is divided into two steps, and the first step designs for reflector element, and second step is that reflecting surface array is set
Meter.
The first step, reflector element design.Selected center of antenna working frequency is 10GHz, as shown in Fig. 2-a and 2-b, reflection
The cycle of unit is 0.5 times of wavelength, i.e., 15 millimeters.Chip unit is made up of resonance structure and delay line phase, wherein resonance knot
Structure is formed by two annulus nestings of cracking of different sizes, and internal annulus cracks position in the X-axis direction, and outside annulus cracks
Position is in the Y-axis direction.Resonance structure size design is as follows：Inner and outer ring cracks size for 0.6 millimeter, and outside diameter of inner ring is 1.8 millis
Rice, width are 0.88 millimeter, and outer shroud external diameter is 4 millimeters, and width is 0.8 millimeter, and resonance structure size keeps constant.Reflection
Unit controls reflected phase by changing the length of delay line phase, so as to compensate phase difference caused by path difference.Phase is prolonged
The angle, θ that the length of slow line is turned over delay line phase represents.Microband paste is positioned on single-layer medium substrate, under medium substrate
Supported between surface and earth plate provided with froth bed, wherein, medium substrate is FR4 epoxy glass fiber plates, normal with respect to dielectric
Number is 4.4, and thickness is 1.5 millimeters, and froth bed relative dielectric constant is about 1, and thickness is 2 millimeters.
It is as shown in Figure 3 by changing the phase curve that delay line phase obtains.Phase delay line length θ is in excursion 5
At~180 °, the scope of the reflected phase of reflector element is more than 550 °.Phase curve of the frequency from 9GHz to 12GHz is put down substantially
OK, for especially θ in 60~180 ° of scopes, the phase curve depth of parallelism of four frequencies is very well and the linearity is also fine.This
As a result show, the bandwidth of new phase delay line style micro-strip reflection units is relatively good, with some existing phase delay line styles
The performance of reflector element structure is compared and had a clear superiority.
Second step, reflecting surface Array Design.Design principle is as shown in figure 4, Feed Horn is located at the surface of reflection front
At 86 millimeters, belong to positive feedback.The beam angle of reflectarray antenna is designed as 0 °, i.e., points to horn feed perpendicular to reflection front
Direction.The phase that each reflector element of reflection front needs to compensate is calculated according to the following equation.
K in above formula0Represent propagation constant in vacuum, diRepresent i-th of unit to the distance of feed, (xi, yi) represent i-th
The position coordinates of individual unit,Represent the antenna beam direction of design.Curve map in such as Fig. 3 obtains each anti-
The physical dimension of unit is penetrated, then in full-wave simulation software CST Microwave Studio, to the reflecting surface array of design
Antenna is modeled (such as Fig. 1) and Electromagnetic Simulation, to verify the performance of the reflective array antenna of the invention designed.
Above is the description of one embodiment to the reflective array antenna of the present invention.In other embodiments, it is described anti-
Penetrate the content that array antenna is not limited to embodiment description.
In the above-described embodiments, reflective array antenna includes 81 reflector elements.In other embodiments, in reflective array antenna
Phase delay line style reflector element number as the case may be depending on, the number of antenna should ensure that reflective array antenna bore is no more than
15 times of wavelength.
In the above-described embodiments, the working frequency of reflective array antenna is not limited to the frequency described in the present embodiment, at other
Working frequency can be adjusted according to concrete application in embodiment.
The periodic dimensions of the phase delay line style reflector element are not limited to the size described in the present embodiment, in other realities
Apply in example, unit periodic dimensions are relevant with working frequency, and frequency is higher, and size is smaller, but be to ensure that electric size 0.4~
Between 0.7 times of wavelength.
In the above-described embodiments, in described phase delay line style reflector element resonance structure size, two annulus
External diameter, annular width and the annulus width that cracks are not limited to size described in the present embodiment, in other embodiments, they
Size can be adjusted according to the scene of concrete application, but be to ensure that the nest relation of two annulus and the relative position cracked
It is constant, and the resonant frequency of resonance structure will be consistent with the working frequency of reflective array antenna.
In the above-described embodiments, the thickness of the medium substrate of described phase delay line style reflector element and froth bed is not
It is limited to the thickness described in the present embodiment, in other embodiments, their thickness can be adjusted as the case may be
It is whole.
It can be proved by full-wave simulation in the reflective array antenna to the present invention, it is of the invention anti-based on phase delay line style
The bandwidth of reflective array antenna can be improved by penetrating the microstrip reflectarray antenna of unit, realize ultra-wideband antenna, and can effectively suppress
The cross polarization of reflective array antenna.
Accompanying drawing 5,6,7 gives the simulation result of the reflective array antenna based on phase delay line style reflector element.Such as Fig. 5,6
Shown, 10GHz and 11GHz E faces and the antenna pattern in H faces illustrate good uniformity.At centre frequency 10GHz,
Maximum gain is 20.1dB, and cross polar component is less than -35dB.
In terms of simulation result, the bandwidth range internal reflection array antenna antenna pattern uniformity near centre frequency is good,
And cross polarization is effectively suppressed.
As shown in fig. 7, the frequency of the work based on phase delay line style reflector element microstrip reflectarray antenna that the present invention designs
Band covers 9~14GHz, wherein, 1-dB gain bandwidths are about 20% (9.74~11.7GHz), and 3-dB gain bandwidths are about
38.5% (9.45~13.3GHz), having shown good ultra wideband, (accompanying drawing 5,6 gives 10GHz and 11GHz two
The antenna pattern of frequency).
It should be noted last that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted.Although ginseng
The present invention is described in detail according to embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, to the technical side of the present invention
Case is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover in the present invention
Right among.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of reflective array antenna based on phase delay line style reflector element, it is characterised in that the reflective array antenna includes：
Feed pyramid loudspeaker and reflecting surface array；
The reflecting surface array includes：Some phase delay line style reflector elements, some phase delay line style reflector elements
Periodic arrangement is in upper surface of base plate, and the two neighboring phase delay line style reflector element is arranged in a manner of minute surface is symmetrical；
The phase delay line style reflector element includes microband paste and bottom plate, the micro-strip patch of the phase delay line style reflector element
Piece further includes：The interior annular and outer toroid that nesting is placed, and two delay line phases；Wherein, in interior annular and outer toroid
Two gaps of setting, two gap lines of interior annular are vertical parallel to polarised direction, two gap lines of outer toroid respectively
In polarised direction, the line in two gaps of interior annular is a diameter of interior annular, and the line in two gaps of outer toroid
For a diameter of outer toroid；
Two described delay line phases are connected by the tie point in outer toroid with outer toroid respectively, and two tie points
Line be outer toroid a diameter, the diameter parallel that two tie point lines obtain is in polarised direction.
2. the reflective array antenna according to claim 1 based on phase delay line style reflector element, it is characterised in that described
Bottom plate includes following three-decker：Medium substrate, froth bed and earth plate；
Wherein, the microband paste is laid on the upper surface of the medium substrate, and the medium using the symmetrical mode of minute surface
The lower surface of substrate and the upper surface of the froth bed, the lower surface of the froth bed is in contact with the earth plate.
3. the reflective array antenna according to claim 1 based on phase delay line style reflector element, it is characterised in that described
The length of two delay line phases is identical, and compensates phase caused by path by changing the length of two delay line phases
Difference.
4. the reflective array antenna according to claim 1 based on phase delay line style reflector element, it is characterised in that inner circle
Ring is different with the resonant frequency of outer toroid, makes interior annular and cylindrical loop coupling by controlling the size of interior annular and outer toroid
To the working frequency of setting；
Optimize the humorous of phase delay line style reflector element by controlling the size cracked in gap in interior annular and outer toroid
Frequency response characteristic at vibration frequency.
5. the reflective array antenna according to claim 4 based on phase delay line style reflector element, it is characterised in that elected
It is 10GHz to determine center of antenna working frequency, and when the cycle of phase delay line style reflector element is 0.5 times of wavelength：
The size of cracking in the gap of the interior annular and outer toroid is 0.6 millimeter.
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| CN109935964B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna unit and antenna array |
| CN108539417B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-12-08 | 西安电子科技大学 | Circular polarization orbit angular momentum reflective array antenna |
| CN108847524B (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2021-01-26 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Microstrip reflection unit and reflection array antenna |
| CN109638464B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-30 | 尚光林 | Planar reflection array antenna |
| CN109802244B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-08-04 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband microstrip reflective array antenna |
| CN110444895B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-07-07 | 南京理工大学 | Broadband reflection array antenna based on single-layer embedded slotted ring unit |
| CN110504536B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 北京理工大学 | Super surface reflection array antenna unit with linear polarization broken line type structure |
| CN112072308B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2023-09-29 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Single-layer sub-wavelength reflective array phase modulation unit |
| CN113078461B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-05-13 | 重庆邮电大学 | Reflection array antenna unit based on mirror symmetry method |
| CN113097737B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-08-23 | 电子科技大学 | X-waveband micro-strip reflection unit |
| CN113036449B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-06-24 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Broadband microstrip plane reflection unit and array antenna |
| CN113314856B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-06-24 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Double-frequency microstrip plane reflection array antenna |
| CN113540821B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-08-23 | 厦门大学 | Offset-feed excitation multi-nested split-ring millimeter wave microstrip reflective array antenna |
| CN114006178B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-11-04 | 重庆大学 | Planar reflection array antenna for wireless energy transmission |
| CN115832722B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-30 | 南京理工大学 | All-metal multi-polarization reflection array antenna |
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| WO2007051487A1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-10 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.) | A reflectarry and a millimetre wave radar |
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| CN203950926U (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-11-19 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of micro-strip paster antenna |
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