CN105720283A - Fuel cell hybrid power system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell hybrid power system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105720283A CN105720283A CN201610214672.1A CN201610214672A CN105720283A CN 105720283 A CN105720283 A CN 105720283A CN 201610214672 A CN201610214672 A CN 201610214672A CN 105720283 A CN105720283 A CN 105720283A
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- hydrogen
- cell stack
- storage tank
- hydrogen storage
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04044—Purification of heat exchange media
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell hybrid power system. The fuel cell hybrid power system mainly comprises a solar power generation panel (1), a load controller (2), a current converter (3), a water tank (5), an electrolyzer (6), a hydrogen storage tank (7), a fuel cell stack (8), and an absorption refrigerator (9). The invention further provides a working method of the fuel cell hybrid power system. The working method is characterized in that solar energy is utilized to generate electricity and electrolyze water for hydrogen production; produced hydrogen enters the fuel cell stack together with air for electrochemical reaction; electric energy generated through the reaction makes up for such defects of solar power generation as a small power and a large scale. Therefore, solar energy and the fuel cell stack are fully utilized, the fuel utilization efficiency and the working capacity of electric energy are improved, and zero emission of automobiles is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel cell hybrid power system and a working method thereof.
Background
The urgent need for energy conservation and environmental protection in recent years has necessitated the development of practical clean energy.
The solar energy on earth is very huge, and about 40 minutes of solar energy on earth is enough for global human energy consumption for one year. The solar energy is inexhaustible energy, and the solar energy generates electricity cleanly without generating public nuisance. However, the energy distribution density of solar energy irradiation is small, the current solar power generation needs to occupy a huge area, the generated energy is wavy or discontinuous due to weather conditions of four seasons, day and night, cloudy and sunny and the like, and the complexity of load balance during grid-connected operation is increased.
The invention patent (CN103256190B) discloses a solar power generation system, but how to deal with weak electric energy generated by solar energy is not provided, the design of the whole device is not sufficient, and further research is needed. The common civil solar power generation device has small power, and the solar power generation device of a power plant has large scale, so that the high-power requirement of the vehicle power during starting can not be met.
The electric energy obtained by solar power generation is electrolyzed by an electrolytic cell to obtain pure water, so that hydrogen and oxygen can be obtained, the oxygen is discharged into the atmosphere, and the hydrogen enters a storage tank for storage after hydrogen/water separation, drying and dehumidification. When in use, the pressure is regulated to the rated pressure through the pressure stabilizing valve and the regulating valve and is output from the outlet of the storage tank. The electrochemical reaction of hydrogen in the fuel cell stack can produce powerful electric energy, and the product is only water. By the above processing means, the use of solar power generation can be greatly widened.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a hybrid power system composed of solar power generation and a fuel cell, which is a feasible energy design scheme for zero emission vehicles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hybrid power system composed of solar power generation and a fuel cell, which is suitable for vehicles, makes up for the defect of small solar power generation power or large scale, can realize self-sufficiency of hydrogen fuel required by the fuel cell, can realize zero emission of vehicles, and accords with the current state of energy conservation and emission reduction reform in China.
The invention adopts the following specific scheme: a fuel cell hybrid power system mainly comprises a solar power generation panel, a load controller, a current converter, a water tank, an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell stack and an absorption refrigerator. The solar panel is electrically connected with the current converter through the load controller. The water tank is connected with the water inlet of the electrolyzer through a water pipe. The positive and negative electrodes of the electrolyzer are electrically connected with the load controller. The hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer is connected with a hydrogen storage tank. The hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack. The waste gas outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected with an absorption refrigerator through a pipeline.
Further, the fuel cell stack has a housing, and air and hydrogen inlets are provided at one side portion of the housing, and an exhaust gas outlet is provided at the other side portion.
Furthermore, the positive and negative output ends of the fuel cell stack are connected with a load controller.
Preferably, the hydrogen storage pressure in the hydrogen storage tank is about 7 MPa.
Preferably, a pressure-stabilizing valve and a regulating valve are mounted at a hydrogen gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank.
The invention also provides a working method of the fuel cell hybrid power system, which comprises the following steps: the solar power generation panel generates direct current, and a part of direct current is converted into alternating current or direct current through the current converter through the load controller and is supplied to the electric equipment; the other part of direct current electrolyzes water from the water tank in an electrolyzer to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen enters a hydrogen storage tank for storage; the hydrogen comes out from the hydrogen storage tank and then enters the anode of the fuel cell stack, meanwhile, the oxygen in the air enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack, and the hydrogen and the oxygen in the air generate electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell stack to generate electric energy.
Further, the exhaust gas generated from the fuel cell stack is supplied to a heat-using device after passing through the absorption refrigerator.
Further, the electrical energy generated by the fuel cell stack is fed back into the load controller, the current converter and the consumer circuit.
Preferably, the hydrogen gas is subjected to hydrogen/water separation, drying and dehumidification and pressurization treatment before entering the hydrogen storage tank.
The invention generates electricity by utilizing solar energy, electrolyzes water to continuously generate hydrogen, and provides the hydrogen to the fuel cell stack to generate high-power electric energy, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the vehicle and realizing the zero emission of the vehicle.
The invention uses the solar energy and the fuel cell stack to provide power, so that the automobile can realize self-power generation without charging, the hydrogen storage tank is not limited by the energy of the charging battery, the defect of small power generation power or large scale of solar energy is made up, various pollutants combusted by the internal combustion engine are avoided, the fuel use efficiency and the electric energy working capacity are improved, and the zero emission of the automobile is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an overall scheme of a fuel cell hybrid system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a solar power panel; 2. a load controller; 3. a current converter; 4. an electricity-consuming device; 5. a water tank; 6. an electrolyzer; 7. a hydrogen storage tank; 8. a fuel cell stack; 9. an absorption refrigerator; 10. a heat-using device.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to the attached drawing 1, the fuel cell hybrid power system of the invention mainly comprises a solar power generation panel 1, a load controller 2, a current converter 3, a water tank 5, an electrolyzer 6, a hydrogen storage tank 7, a fuel cell stack 8 and an absorption type refrigerator 9.
The sunlight is generated by the solar power generation panel 1 to be about 100W/m2Direct current.
The solar power generation panel 1 is electrically connected to a current converter 3 via a load controller 2.
The current converter 3 converts a part of the direct current from the solar panel 1 into alternating current or direct current, and supplies electric energy to the electric equipment 4.
The electric equipment 4 is a driving motor of a vehicle, and may also include various electric appliances mounted on the vehicle, or other electric devices.
The water tank 5 is connected with the water inlet of the electrolyzer 6 through a water pipe.
The positive and negative electrodes of the electrolyzer 6 are electrically connected to the load controller 2. The load controller 2 passes a portion of the direct current to the electrolyzer 6, which electrolyzes water from the water tank 5 to produce hydrogen.
The hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer 6 is connected with a hydrogen storage tank 7.
Before the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank 7, the hydrogen is subjected to hydrogen/water separation, drying and dehumidification and pressurization treatment in sequence, and corresponding treatment equipment and flow are not shown in the figure.
The hydrogen storage pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 7 is about 7 MPa.
A hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 7 is connected to a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack 8. A pressure stabilizing valve and a regulating valve are arranged at a hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 7.
The fuel cell stack 8 of the present invention has a housing with air and hydrogen inlets provided at one side portion of the housing and an exhaust gas outlet provided at the other side portion.
The positive and negative output ends of the fuel cell stack 8 are connected with the load controller 2.
The exhaust gas outlet of the fuel cell stack 8 is connected to the absorption refrigerator 9 via a pipe. The absorption refrigerator 9 heats the exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell stack 8 and supplies the heated exhaust gas to the heat consuming device 10.
The operation method of a fuel cell hybrid system according to the present invention will be briefly described with reference to fig. 1.
According to the flow chart 1, sunlight generates direct current through a solar power generation panel 1, and a part of the direct current is converted into alternating current or direct current through a current converter 3 through a load controller 2 and is provided for electric equipment 4; the other part of the direct current electrolyzes water from the water tank 5 in an electrolyzer 6 to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen enters a hydrogen storage tank 7 for storage;
hydrogen comes out of the hydrogen storage tank 7 and then enters the anode of the fuel cell stack 8, meanwhile, oxygen in the air enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack 8, and the hydrogen and the oxygen in the air generate electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell stack 8 to generate electric energy;
the exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell stack 8 passes through the absorption refrigerator 9 and is supplied to the heat-using equipment 10.
Meanwhile, the electric energy generated by the fuel cell stack 8 is fed back to the load controller 2, the current converter 3 and the electric equipment loop so as to improve the load capacity of the current converter 3.
The invention generates electricity by utilizing solar energy, electrolyzes water to continuously generate hydrogen, provides the hydrogen to the fuel cell stack to generate high-power electric energy, ensures the normal operation of the vehicle and realizes the zero emission of the vehicle.
The invention can also use the electrolyzed water as a conversion means, and the hydrogen storage tank 7 as an energy intermediate storage device for solar power generation, thereby overcoming the technical problems of small power, fluctuating or intermittent generated energy and the like of a solar power generation device, and simultaneously realizing the self-sufficiency of the hydrogen fuel required by the fuel cell. Therefore, the power of the solar power generation panel can be effectively improved, the defect of electric quantity stability of the solar power generation panel is avoided, the fuel cell in the system can supply hydrogen, the power demand of a vehicle can be met, and the energy conservation and emission reduction of the vehicle are really realized.
The hybrid power system can be used for vehicles running in areas with sufficient sunlight, and meanwhile, the power generation power of the fuel cell stack can be adjusted in time according to the requirements of different powers of the vehicles under different working conditions, so that the normal running of the vehicles is ensured.
The present invention is not limited to the above description of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art should, according to the present disclosure, make improvements and modifications without having to go through the inventive work, such as the selective arrangement of the current converter and the absorption chiller, and so on, within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fuel cell hybrid power system is characterized by mainly comprising a solar power generation panel (1), a load controller (2), a current converter (3), a water tank (5), an electrolyzer (6), a hydrogen storage tank (7), a fuel cell stack (8) and an absorption refrigerator (9); wherein,
the solar power generation panel (1) is electrically connected with the current converter (3) through the load controller (2);
the water tank (5) is connected with the water inlet of the electrolyzer (6) through a water pipe;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrolyzer (6) are electrically connected with the load controller (2);
a hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzer (6) is connected with a hydrogen storage tank 7;
the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank (7) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack (8);
the waste gas outlet of the fuel cell stack (8) is connected with an absorption refrigerator (9) through a pipeline.
2. A fuel cell hybrid system in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the hot gas outlet of the absorption refrigerator (9) is connected with a heat device (10) through a pipeline.
3. A fuel cell hybrid system in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the fuel cell stack (8) has a housing, an air inlet and a hydrogen inlet provided at one side portion of the housing, and an exhaust gas outlet provided at the other side portion of the housing.
4. A fuel cell hybrid system in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the positive and negative output ends of the fuel cell stack (8) are connected with the load controller (2).
5. A fuel cell hybrid system in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen storage pressure in the hydrogen storage tank (7) is about 7 MPa.
6. A fuel cell hybrid system in accordance with claim 1, wherein: a pressure stabilizing valve and a regulating valve are arranged at a hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank (7).
7. A method of operating a fuel cell hybrid system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by:
the solar power generation panel (1) generates direct current, and a part of the direct current is converted into alternating current or direct current through the current converter (3) through the load controller (2) and is supplied to the electric equipment (4);
the other part of direct current electrolyzes water from the water tank (5) in an electrolyzer (6) to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen enters a hydrogen storage tank (7) for storage;
hydrogen comes out of the hydrogen storage tank (7) and then enters the anode of the fuel cell stack (8), meanwhile, oxygen in the air enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack (8), and the hydrogen and the oxygen in the air generate electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell stack (8) to generate electric energy;
exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell stack (8) is supplied to a heat-using device (10) after passing through an absorption refrigerator (9).
8. The method of operating a fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the electric energy generated by the fuel cell stack (8) is fed back to the load controller (2), the current converter (3) and the electric equipment loop.
9. The method of operating a fuel cell hybrid system according to claim 7, characterized in that: hydrogen is subjected to hydrogen/water separation, drying and dehumidification and pressurization treatment before entering the hydrogen storage tank (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610214672.1A CN105720283A (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2016-04-07 | Fuel cell hybrid power system and working method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610214672.1A CN105720283A (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2016-04-07 | Fuel cell hybrid power system and working method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105720283A true CN105720283A (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610214672.1A Pending CN105720283A (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2016-04-07 | Fuel cell hybrid power system and working method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106402647A (en) * | 2016-11-20 | 2017-02-15 | 硕橙（厦门）科技有限公司 | Self-supporting hydrogen refueling station utilizing renewable energy sources |
| CN108749636A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽安凯汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of hydrogen fuel cell car with the hydrogen self-control circulatory system |
| CN113036191A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-25 | 陕西嘉杰能源集团有限公司 | Hydrogen preparation and power generation system |
| CN113991141A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-28 | 上海交通大学 | Integrated reversible fuel cell energy system |
| CN114351166A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-15 | 昆山国通新能源科技有限公司 | Reclaimed water treatment energy control system |
| CN115637455A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-01-24 | 昆明理工大学 | Proton exchange membrane PEM (proton exchange membrane) water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on solar power generation and energy supply |
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| CN113991141A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-28 | 上海交通大学 | Integrated reversible fuel cell energy system |
| CN113991141B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-08-22 | 上海交通大学 | Integrated reversible fuel cell energy system |
| CN115637455A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-01-24 | 昆明理工大学 | Proton exchange membrane PEM (proton exchange membrane) water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on solar power generation and energy supply |
| CN114351166A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-15 | 昆山国通新能源科技有限公司 | Reclaimed water treatment energy control system |
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