CN105719623A - Novel improved Qiang flute - Google Patents
Novel improved Qiang flute Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105719623A CN105719623A CN201610267755.7A CN201610267755A CN105719623A CN 105719623 A CN105719623 A CN 105719623A CN 201610267755 A CN201610267755 A CN 201610267755A CN 105719623 A CN105719623 A CN 105719623A
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- Prior art keywords
- reed
- flute
- pipe
- qiang
- reed pipe
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
- G10D9/02—Mouthpieces; Reeds; Ligatures
- G10D9/035—Reeds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
- G10D7/02—General design of wind musical instruments of the type wherein an air current is directed against a ramp edge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
- G10D7/02—General design of wind musical instruments of the type wherein an air current is directed against a ramp edge
- G10D7/03—General design of wind musical instruments of the type wherein an air current is directed against a ramp edge with a windway for leading the air to the labium, e.g. recorders
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel improved Qiang flute. The novel improved Qiang flute comprises a reed pipe and a flute pipe connected to one end of the reed pipe, wherein the reed pipe is provided with a reed, a plurality of flute holes are formed in the flute pipe, the reed is one part of the wall of the reed pipe, the wall of the region, in which the reed is positioned, of the reed pipe is thicker than the other part of the reed pipe, the length direction of the reed is identical with that of the reed pipe, and the vibration resistance of one end, close to the free end of the reed pipe, of the reed is higher than that of the other end of the reed. With the structure, a player can control the intonation of the Qiang flute conveniently in a playing process and thus can freely give full play to oral cavity control techniques, such as up-down vibration of tongue, gnawing, gliding and acciaccatura, namely the structure can effectively broaden the expression of the Qiang flute and is compatible with the playing skills of traditional national wind instruments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to China's traditional instrument technical field, particularly relate to a kind of new wound improvement Qiang flute.
Background technology
Qiang flute is single spring aerophone that China is ancient, existing more than 2000 year history, the popular ground in the inhabitation of the Qiang of Northern Sichuan Province Aba Zang Qiang autonomous prefecture.Qiang flute generally comprises two single tubes, and each on offer several pore (with the first five hole, mostly be now six holes), the bamboo one-tenth of oil of growth on the local high mountain of Qiang flute, ring length, pipe shaft relatively carefully, are grown in the place of height above sea level 3500-4000 rice.Two-tube winding with line side by side links together.Lifelong total length 13～19 centimetres, nozzle diameter 2 cm, flute pipe upper end is equipped with the bamboo blow gun of 4 centimeter length.Blow gun front cutter scabbles, and in upper end about 3 centimeters, cut a thin slice as reed with cutter.
Qiang flute is mainly used in solo, has more than the 10 first ancient names of tune, and music content is quite extensive, mainly passes on the feelings of the miss yearning of the Qiangs.Qiang flute is also referred to as Qiang's pipe, endways plays wind instruments, and two pipes send same pitch, and tone color is clear and melodious loud and sonorous, and with sad and dreary sense, " Qiang flute what is the need blames willow, and spring breeze does not spend Yumen Pass " is the optimal write photograph of its representability, therefore is most suitable for solo, it is possible to accompany for song and dance.
2006, Qiang flute is played and manufacture skill is put into first " List of National Intangible Cultural Heritage ", therefore the improvement innovation work this national folk traditional instrument of Qiang flute carried out, is the useful act inheriting outstanding national arts tradition, propagation and developing ethnic cultures.
Summary of the invention
For the set forth above improvement innovation work that this national folk traditional instrument of Qiang flute is carried out, it is the problem of the useful act inheriting outstanding national arts tradition, propagation and developing ethnic cultures, the invention provides a kind of new wound improvement Qiang flute.
New wound improvement Qiang flute provided by the invention solves problem by techniques below main points: new wound improvement Qiang flute, including reed pipe and the flute pipe being connected to reed pipe one end, described reed pipe is additionally provided with reed, described flute pipe is additionally provided with multiple flute hole, described reed is a part for reed pipe tube wall, and the reed pipe wall thickness of reed region is less than other part wall thickness of reed pipe, the length direction of described reed is along the length direction of reed pipe, and the vibration resistance that reed is near one end of reed pipe free end is more than the vibration resistance of the reed other end.
Qiang flute is single spring aerophone, namely, on the reed pipe of thick bamboo tube, the outer layer of the reed pipe tube wall of corresponding region is being removed a part with upper reed plate, and the reed pipe tube wall of the thinner thickness obtained is reed.In prior art, the reed of Qiang flute is opening down, one end that its vibration resistance is less is positioned at reed pipe front portion, namely towards one end of blow gun, this just requires that Qiang flute is when playing, and player needs with mouth deeply containing reed pipe, and fortune, the change of tongue position, muscle control etc. are created restriction greatly by the bamboo trunk deeply embedding oral cavity, as the shake of throat's air-flow can only be leaned on when playing trill to complete, cause the many excellent playing technique of folks of china reed pipe musical instrument cannot be put to good use on tradition Qiang flute.
In this structure, by being set to the reed vibration resistance near one end of reed pipe free end the vibration resistance more than the reed other end, it is set to opening up by original downward opening reed, player has only to mouth shallow containing reed pipe, this just leaves comparatively abundant space for oral cavity, so it is greatly expanded the space that reed pipe playing skill of instruments plays, as double; two told, three tells and the playing technique such as flower tongue, all can be easily accomplished on the Qiang flute that this structure provides.This measure facilitates performing artist and controls accuracy in pitch in performance process, it is thus possible to play oral cavity comparatively freely to control skill, as played colored tongue, gnaw sound, glide, acciaccatura etc., namely this structure can effectively expand the representability of musical instrument, compatible traditional national wind instrument performing technique.
Further technical scheme is:
Form is implemented as described reed, described reed is formed by the otch being opened in reed pipe outside wall surface, described otch makes reed pipe thinning by the wall thickness cutting region, the cutting face gradient that described otch obtains in close flute pipe side more than otch in the cutting face gradient obtained near reed pipe free end side, and along the length direction of reed pipe, by the link of the free end of reed pipe to reed pipe, the thickness of reed is linearly increasing.
As the further way of realization of reed, described otch obtains two cutting faces on reed pipe.In this way of realization, by first cutting a stramazon at the open at one end of reed pipe, then cut second cutting face by the other end of reed pipe, just can produce reed more convenient and efficiently.
In prior art, Qiang flute flute pipe generally comprising 5 or 6 flute holes, in this manner it is possible to play five sound or heptachord, for ease of extending effective range of Qiang flute, the quantity in described flute Guan Shangdi hole has at least 8.So, as adopted the quantity in flute hole to be set to 8, the range of this Qiang flute increases to 11, has reached the purpose of the extension effective range of Qiang flute.As those skilled in the art, above flute hole is it can also be provided that 10 or other quantity, being set to 10 can make range be further added by two semitones, but the problem of 10 flute pore areas is the situation that sounding is unstable that easily produces, therefore consider traditional Qiang flute playing skill and operability, it is preferable that the flute hole number on flute pipe is set to 8.
Controlling flute hole for ease of player, the quantity in described flute hole is 8, and in 8 flute holes, a part of flute hole therein is positioned at the front side of flute pipe, and another part flute hole is positioned at the rear side of flute pipe.
For making player can control one of them flute hole respectively through thumb easily, controlling other flute holes by other fingers, seven flute holes are positioned at the front side of flute pipe, and a flute hole is positioned at the rear side of flute pipe.
In Qiang flute manufacturing process, it is generally adopted needle-like cone to be pierced through at ring place, it is equal or approximately equal to the through hole of thick bamboo tube internal diameter obtaining internal diameter at ring place, it is different from modern wind instrument, due to the length direction along bamboo bamboo body, wall thickness and the material of bamboo each point are slightly different, therefore the spacing in adjacent flute hole is preferably determined according to concrete material.The convenience for the benefit of played and the voice quality of Qiang flute, it is preferable that be set to the spacing between the adjacent flute hole on front side of flute pipe between 1.8 centimetres to 2.9 centimetres, and each spacing between adjacent flute hole is not completely equivalent.
When seven flute holes are positioned at the front side of flute pipe, when a flute hole is positioned at the rear side of flute pipe, operate these flute holes for ease of player, will be located in the flute hole of rear side and be positioned close between first flute hole of mouthpiece and second flute hole.As concrete scheme, the spacing being positioned at first above-mentioned flute hole of the flute pitch-row of rear side is 0.5 centimetre.As further technical scheme, for ease of playing, above first the flute pitch-row flute pipe distance near mouthpiece one end is 3 centimetres.
In the playing procedure of Qiang flute, the variations in temperature in player oral cavity, the factors such as variation of ambient temperature all can affect the generation of reed, and temperatures above change is also must be evitable, so, the problem often brought is that Qiang flute can produce pitch and is gradually lowered and helpless difficulty, therefore in this programme, also include the spring root kinking being wound on reed pipe, described spring root kinking contacts with described reed, and described spring root kinking is relative to the position of reed, the width that spring root kinking covers reed is all adjustable, described spring root kinking is for changing the vibration resistance of reed or/and effectively vibrate length.Above reed pipe kinking is the flexible wires being wound on reed pipe, and above spring root kinking, changing the vibration resistance of reed or/and effectively vibrate in the process of length, can be used for accuracy in pitch is adjusted easily.
For avoiding under non-artificial active sense, spring root kinking slides on reed pipe and causes the accuracy in pitch of Qiang flute to change, also include the concavo-convex microgroove being arranged on reed pipe and/or the grooving being positioned at reed pipe circumferential direction, described concavo-convex microgroove and/or grooving for increasing the drag size that spring root kinking slides along reed pipe length direction.
As a kind of two-tube Qiang flute structure, so that this Qiang flute has the musical form of more horn of plenty when meeting Qiang flute player and playing custom, a piece reed pipe and a flute pipe piece single tube of composition, described Qiang flute includes two single tubes, two single tubes are parallel to each other, and two single tubes are interfixed by pipe rope, the two ends of two single tubes are provided with pipe rope.
The method have the advantages that
By being set to the reed vibration resistance near one end of reed pipe free end the vibration resistance more than the reed other end, it is set to opening up by original downward opening reed, player has only to mouth shallow containing reed pipe, this just leaves comparatively abundant space for oral cavity, so it is greatly expanded the space that reed pipe playing skill of instruments plays, as double; two told, three tell and the playing technique such as flower tongue, all can be easily accomplished on the Qiang flute that this structure provides.This measure facilitates performing artist and controls accuracy in pitch in performance process, it is thus possible to play oral cavity comparatively freely to control skill, as played colored tongue, gnaw sound, glide, acciaccatura etc., namely this structure can effectively expand the representability of musical instrument, compatible traditional national wind instrument performing technique.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of new wound improvement one specific embodiment of Qiang flute of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that in new wound improvement one specific embodiment of Qiang flute of the present invention, view is broken in the local of reed pipe side.
Numbering in figure is followed successively by: 1, reed pipe, and 2, reed, 3, spring root kinking, 4, Guan Sheng, 5, flute pipe, 6, flute hole, 7, otch.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the structure of the present invention is not limited only to following example.
Embodiment 1:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, new wound improvement Qiang flute, including reed pipe 1 and the flute pipe 5 being connected to reed pipe 1 one end, described reed pipe 1 is additionally provided with reed 2, being additionally provided with multiple flute hole 6 on described flute pipe 5, described reed 2 is a part for reed pipe 1 tube wall, and reed pipe 1 wall thickness of reed 2 region is less than other part wall thickness of reed pipe 1, the length direction of described reed 2 is along the length direction of reed pipe 1, and the vibration resistance that reed 2 is near one end of reed pipe 1 free end is more than the vibration resistance of reed 2 other end.
Qiang flute is single spring aerophone, namely, on the reed pipe 1 of thick bamboo tube, the outer layer of reed pipe 1 tube wall of corresponding region is being removed a part with upper reed plate 2, and reed pipe 1 tube wall of the thinner thickness obtained is reed 2.In prior art, the reed 2 of Qiang flute is opening down, it is anterior that one end that its vibration resistance is less is positioned at reed pipe 1, namely towards one end of blow gun, this just requires that Qiang flute is when playing, and player needs with mouth deeply containing reed pipe 1, and fortune, the change of tongue position, muscle control etc. are created restriction greatly by the bamboo trunk deeply embedding oral cavity, as the shake of throat's air-flow can only be leaned on when playing trill to complete, cause the many excellent playing technique of folks of china reed pipe 1 musical instrument cannot be put to good use on tradition Qiang flute.
In this structure, by being set to the reed 2 vibration resistance near one end of reed pipe 1 free end the vibration resistance more than reed 2 other end, it is set to opening up by original downward opening reed 2, player has only to mouth shallow containing reed pipe 1, this just leaves comparatively abundant space for oral cavity, so it is greatly expanded the space that reed pipe 1 playing skill of instruments plays, as double; two told, three tells and the playing technique such as flower tongue, all can be easily accomplished on the Qiang flute that this structure provides.This measure facilitates performing artist and controls accuracy in pitch in performance process, it is thus possible to play oral cavity comparatively freely to control skill, as played colored tongue, gnaw sound, glide, acciaccatura etc., namely this structure can effectively expand the representability of musical instrument, compatible traditional national wind instrument performing technique.
Embodiment 2:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present embodiment is further qualified on the basis of embodiment 1: implement form as described reed 2, described reed 2 is formed by the otch 7 being opened in reed pipe 1 outside wall surface, described otch 7 makes reed pipe 1 thinning by the wall thickness cutting region, the cutting face gradient that described otch 7 obtains in close flute pipe 5 side more than otch 7 in the cutting face gradient obtained near reed pipe 1 free end side, and along the length direction of reed pipe 1, by the link of the free end of reed pipe 1 to reed pipe 1, the thickness of reed 2 is linearly increasing.
As the further way of realization of reed 2, described otch 7 obtains two cutting faces on reed pipe 1.In this way of realization, by first cutting a stramazon 7 at the open at one end of reed pipe 1, then cut second cutting face by the other end of reed pipe 1, just can produce reed 2 more convenient and efficiently.
Embodiment 3:
This case is further qualified by the present embodiment on the basis of embodiment 1, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in prior art, Qiang flute flute pipe 5 generally comprises 6 flute holes 6, and for ease of extending effective range of Qiang flute, on described flute pipe 5, the quantity in flute hole 6 is 8.
Controlling in flute hole 6,6,8, flute hole for ease of player, a part of flute hole 6 therein is positioned at the front side of flute pipe 5, and another part flute hole 6 is positioned at the rear side of flute pipe 5.
For making player can control one of them flute hole 6 respectively through thumb easily, controlling other flute holes 6 by other fingers, seven flute holes 6 are positioned at the front side of flute pipe 5, and a flute hole 6 is positioned at the rear side of flute pipe 5.
Embodiment 4:
This case is further qualified by the present embodiment on the basis of embodiment 1, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in the playing procedure of Qiang flute, the variations in temperature in player oral cavity, the factors such as variation of ambient temperature all can affect the generation of reed 2, and temperatures above change is also must be evitable, so, the problem often brought is that Qiang flute can produce pitch and is gradually lowered and helpless difficulty, therefore in this programme, also include the spring root kinking 3 being wound on reed pipe 1, described spring root kinking 3 contacts with described reed 2, and described spring root kinking 3 is relative to the position of reed 2, the width that spring root kinking 3 covers reed 2 is all adjustable, described spring root kinking 3 is for changing the vibration resistance of reed 2 or/and effectively vibrate length.Above reed pipe 1 kinking is the flexible wires being wound on reed pipe 1, and above spring root kinking 3, changing the vibration resistance of reed 2 or/and effectively vibrate in the process of length, can be used for accuracy in pitch is adjusted easily.
For avoiding under non-artificial active sense, spring root kinking 3 slides on reed pipe 1 and causes the accuracy in pitch of Qiang flute to change, also include the concavo-convex microgroove being arranged on reed pipe 1 and/or the grooving being positioned at reed pipe 1 circumferential direction, described concavo-convex microgroove and/or grooving for increasing the drag size that spring root kinking 3 slides along reed pipe 1 length direction.
Embodiment 5:
This case is further qualified by the present embodiment on the basis of any one technical scheme of one embodiment offer of any of the above, as shown in Figure 1, as a kind of two-tube Qiang flute structure, so that this Qiang flute has the musical form of more horn of plenty when meeting Qiang flute player and playing custom, a piece reed pipe 1 and a flute pipe 5 form a single tube, described Qiang flute includes two single tubes, two single tubes are parallel to each other, and two single tubes are interfixed by pipe rope 4, the two ends of two single tubes are provided with pipe rope 4.
Above content is the further description present invention made in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation, it is impossible to assert that the specific embodiment of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from other embodiments drawn under technical scheme, should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. new wound improvement Qiang flute, including reed pipe (1) and the flute pipe (5) being connected to reed pipe (1) one end, described reed pipe (1) is additionally provided with reed (2), described flute pipe (5) is additionally provided with multiple flute hole (6), described reed (2) is a part for reed pipe (1) tube wall, and reed pipe (1) wall thickness of reed (2) region is less than other part wall thickness of reed pipe (1), it is characterized in that, the length direction of described reed (2) is along the length direction of reed pipe (1), and the vibration resistance that reed (2) is near one end of reed pipe (1) free end is more than the vibration resistance of reed (2) other end.
2. new wound improvement Qiang flute according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described reed (2) is formed by the otch (7) being opened in reed pipe (1) outside wall surface, described otch (7) makes reed pipe (1) thinning by the wall thickness cutting region, the cutting face gradient that described otch (7) obtains in close flute pipe (5) side more than otch (7) in the cutting face gradient obtained near reed pipe (1) free end side, and along the length direction of reed pipe (1), by the link of the free end of reed pipe (1) to reed pipe (1), the thickness of reed (2) is linearly increasing.
3. new wound improvement Qiang flute according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described otch (7) obtains two cutting faces on reed pipe (1).
4. new wound improvement Qiang flute according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the quantity in the upper flute hole (6) of described flute pipe (5) has at least 8.
5. new wound improvement Qiang flute according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the quantity of described flute hole (6) is 8, in 8 flute holes (6), a part of flute hole (6) therein is positioned at the front side of flute pipe (5), and another part flute hole (6) is positioned at the rear side of flute pipe (5).
6. new wound improvement Qiang flute according to claim 5, it is characterised in that seven flute holes (6) are positioned at the front side of flute pipe (5), and a flute hole (6) is positioned at the rear side of flute pipe (5).
7. new wound improvement Qiang flute according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also include spring root kinking (3) being wound on reed pipe (1), described spring root kinking (3) contacts with described reed (2), and described spring root kinking (3) is all adjustable relative to the width that the position of reed (2), spring root kinking (3) cover reed (2), described spring root kinking (3) is used for changing the vibration resistance of reed (2) or/and effectively vibrate length.
8. new wound improvement Qiang flute according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, also including the concavo-convex microgroove being arranged on reed pipe (1) and/or the grooving being positioned at reed pipe (1) circumferential direction, described concavo-convex microgroove and/or grooving are used for increasing the drag size that spring root kinking (3) slides along reed pipe (1) length direction.
9. new wound improvement Qiang flute as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, a piece reed pipe (1) and flute pipe (5) piece single tube of composition, described Qiang flute includes two single tubes, two single tubes are parallel to each other, and two single tubes are interfixed by pipe rope (4), the two ends of two single tubes are provided with pipe rope (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610267755.7A CN105719623B (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Novel improved Qiang flute |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610267755.7A CN105719623B (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Novel improved Qiang flute |
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| CN105719623B CN105719623B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN301634119S (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-08-03 | 高荣金 | Qiang Di |
| CN203839021U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-17 | 袁永杰 | Novel intonation type Qiang flute |
| CN205541864U (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-31 | 四川省艺术研究院 | Novel improvement qiang flute |
| CN214203180U (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-09-14 | 茂县山谷羌风文化发展有限公司 | Novel qiang flute |
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2016
- 2016-04-27 CN CN201610267755.7A patent/CN105719623B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN301634119S (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-08-03 | 高荣金 | Qiang Di |
| CN203839021U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-17 | 袁永杰 | Novel intonation type Qiang flute |
| CN205541864U (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-31 | 四川省艺术研究院 | Novel improvement qiang flute |
| CN214203180U (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-09-14 | 茂县山谷羌风文化发展有限公司 | Novel qiang flute |
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