CN105717023B - A kind of permeable structure performance detector and detection method - Google Patents
A kind of permeable structure performance detector and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105717023B CN105717023B CN201610076540.7A CN201610076540A CN105717023B CN 105717023 B CN105717023 B CN 105717023B CN 201610076540 A CN201610076540 A CN 201610076540A CN 105717023 B CN105717023 B CN 105717023B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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Abstract
A kind of permeable structure performance detector of present invention offer and detection method, permeable structure performance detector therein include rainfall simulator (1), surface runoff simulator (2), permeable structure (3) and seeped water collection device (4)；Rainfall simulator (1) setting the top of surface runoff simulator (2) and spray point from the ground Runoff Simulation device (2) distance not less than setting minimum altitude threshold value；The bottom of surface runoff simulator (2) connects with permeable structure (3)；The bottom connection on the top and permeable structure (3) of seeped water collection device (4).The present invention carries out permeable structure whole experimental study convenient for indoor, it is compared with prior art, the water penetration, water-retaining property, the decay situation at any time of runoff performance that permeable structure entirety can be detected can flexibly select various permeable structure combinations to carry out desk research.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to detection field more particularly to a kind of permeable structure performance detector and detection methods.
Background technology
Permeable structure is more at present, and the runoff situation of water penetration, water-retaining property and earth's surface directly affects oozes under rainwater.
Therefore need that there is an urgent need for a set of detecting systems to evaluate to permeable structure.
The experimental rig of detection pavement bricks coefficient of permeability has two classes, Yi Leishi at present《Permeable pavement brick and porous pavement
Plate》Constant head infiltration coefficient experimental rig, another kind specified in specifications such as (GBT 25993-2010) are《Urban road coagulation
Dirt road face brick》Varying head infiltration coefficient experimental rig specified in specifications such as (DB11 T 152-2003).The former is usually used in interior
The coefficient of permeability of the seepy materials such as testing inspection water-permeable brick has a larger advantage to the good material of detection water permeability, but because
To be constant head and the high-order deficiency of head, when test material water permeability is poor, stringency of test is relatively low；The latter is common
It is tested in outdoor coefficient of permeability, is mainly used to detect the coefficient of permeability of permeable brick, to the applicability of laboratory test research
It is poor.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of permeable structure performance detector of present invention offer and detection method, it can
The performance of permeable structure is detected indoors, and the precision of experimental result can be improved.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of permeable structure performance detector comprising：
Rainfall simulator, surface runoff simulator, permeable structure and seeped water collection device；
Rainfall simulator is arranged in the top of surface runoff simulator and spray point Runoff Simulation device from the ground
Minimum altitude threshold value of the distance not less than setting；
The bottom of surface runoff simulator connects with permeable structure；The top of seeped water collection device and the bottom of permeable structure
Portion connects.
Further, the rainfall simulator includes：
Gate, water meter, water pipe, shower and supporting rack；
One end of gate connects water supply pipeline, and the other end connects water pipe；
Water-meter outdoors are between gate and water pipe；Water pipe is fixed on supporting rack；Multiple sprays are uniformly arranged below water pipe
It drenches point and arranges corresponding shower in each spray point.
Further, the surface runoff simulator includes：
Rain visor, the first water outlet, runoff water collecting plate, the second water outlet and rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric；
Rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric is surrounded by baffle and middle part is hollow structure, wherein a side shield is equipped with opening；
One end of rain visor is fixed on the surrounding in rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric, and outer end is provided with rib；It is drenched in rainwater
Upper edge in opening is arranged in the one end for spilling the rain visor of adapting structure for electric opening side, and all rain visors are set according to the gradient of setting
It sets, gradient direction is arranged from high to low from the position far from the first water outlet to the position close to the first water outlet；
First water outlet is arranged on the baffle for the rain visor end that rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric has opening side, and close
The minimum point of rain visor；
Runoff water collecting plate is arranged at the lower edge that rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric is open；It is arranged according to the gradient of setting；The slope
Degree is identical as the pavement runoff gradient of design, and direction is consistent；
Second water outlet is arranged in the bottom of the minimum point of runoff water collecting plate.
Further, the permeable structure includes：
Surface layer structure and base layer structure；
Surface layer structure and base layer structure are in H-type, and the wherein height of lower half portion is less than the height of top half；Face layer knot
It is clearance fit between the lower half portion internal cavities of structure and the outside of the top half of base layer structure；It puts each layer of centre
The all uniformly distributed drain hole of plate, meets such as between the area S of drain hole and the cross-sectional area F of this layer of top half internal cavities
Lower relationship：S/F=1/8；
It is filled in the internal cavities of the surface layer structure top half：Pavement material with pervious function；Thickness is
6cm~10cm；
The material filled in the internal cavities of the top half of the base layer structure meets：Effective drainage porosity >=10% is thick
Degree is 15cm~20cm.
Further, the base layer structure includes：
First base layer structure；It is filled in the internal cavities of the top half of first base layer structure：Upper base course+pad
Layer material, wherein effective drainage porosity >=10% of the material of upper base, thickness is 13~18ccm；The wherein thickness of course
For 2cm, effective drainage porosity >=10%；
And/or
Second base layer structure；It is filled in the internal cavities of the top half of second base layer structure：Effective drainage porosity >=
10% material and thickness is 15cm~20cm.
Further, the seeped water collection device includes：
Supporting rack, water outlet, dilution collector are collected in infiltration；
Infiltration is collected supporting rack and is arranged in the bottom of the permeable structure；
Water outlet is uniformly arranged on infiltration and collects the forward position of support frame bottom；
Dilution collector is arranged in the lower section of water outlet.
Further, the permeable structure performance detector further includes：
For supporting the pedestal of the surface runoff simulator, permeable structure and seeped water collection device, it is arranged in institute
State the bottom of seeped water collection device.
Further, the permeable structure further includes：
Ground layer structure；
The ground layer structure is in H-type, and the wherein height of lower half portion is less than the height of top half；The ground layer knot
The top half external mounting of structure is in the lower half portion internal cavities of the base layer structure；
The cross section face of the top half internal cavities of uniformly distributed drain hole in the intermediate shelf of the ground layer structure
Meet following relationship between product F：S/F=1/8；
It for the soil matrix layer of 13-17cm and is compacted filled with thickness in the ground layer structure.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of permeable structure method for testing performance, arbitrary using claim 1-7
A kind of permeable structure performance detector described in one is detected, and the permeable structure method for testing performance includes：
All water outlet ends in step 11, opening surface runoff simulator, permeable structure and seeped water collection device
Valve；
Step 12 opens gate, and regulating gate flow is Q0；Start to discharge water and with manual time-keeping t；Keep set period of time
Closed shutter afterwards；
Step 13 calculates total water yield Qz, runoff water Qj, overflow water Qy, amount of seepage Qs；
Total water yield Q thereinz=Qt-Q0；
Runoff water Q thereinj, overflow water QyWith amount of seepage QsBy measurer or by weighing and in conjunction with the close of water
Degree is calculated；
Step 14, every setting duration, repeat the above steps again, there are three groups of experimental datas, average, taken
Total water yield Q after average valuez, runoff water Qj, overflow water Qy, amount of seepage Qs；
Step 15, the moisture-holding capacity Q for calculating permeable structure 3b：
Qb=Qz-
Step 16, the coefficient of permeability k for calculating permeable structure 3：
In formula：
K is the coefficient of permeability of permeable structure；
H1、H2、H3The thickness of surface layer structure, the first base layer structure and the second base layer structure respectively in permeable structure；
F is the upper surface area of the sample of each structure sheaf in permeable structure；
QbFor the moisture-holding capacity of permeable structure, it is calculated by formula 1；
QsFor the amount of seepage of permeable structure.
Third purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of permeable structure method for testing performance, utilizes a kind of above-mentioned permeable structure
Performance detector is detected, and the permeable structure method for testing performance includes：
All water outlet ends in step 11, opening surface runoff simulator, permeable structure and seeped water collection device
Valve；
Step 12 opens gate, and regulating gate flow is Q0；Start to discharge water and with manual time-keeping t；Keep set period of time
Closed shutter afterwards；
Step 13 calculates total water yield Qz, runoff water Qj；
Total water yield Q thereinz=Qt-Q0；
Runoff water Q thereinjBy measurer or by weighing and being calculated in conjunction with the density of water；
Step 14, every setting duration, repeat the above steps again, there are three groups of experimental datas, average, taken
Total water yield Q after average valuez, runoff water Qj；
Step 15 calculates runoff coefficient α, and calculation formula is as follows：
α=Qj/Qz
In formula：
α is runoff coefficient；
QjFor runoff water；
QzFor total water yield.
The present invention carries out experimental study convenient for indoor to permeable structure it can be seen from the technical solution of aforementioned present invention,
It can detect the water penetration of permeable structure, the overall condition that water-retaining property performance decays at any time compared with prior art, can spirit
It is living that various permeable structure combinations is selected to carry out desk research.
In addition, the present invention can detect the runoff performance of permeable structure, and various permeable structures can flexibly be selected to combine
Carry out desk research.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2-1 is the elevation of rainfall simulator in the present invention；
Fig. 2-2 is the plan view of rainfall simulator in the present invention；
Fig. 3-1 is the elevation of surface runoff simulator in the present invention；
Fig. 3-2 is the A-A views in Fig. 3-1；
Fig. 3-3 is the B-B views in Fig. 3-1；
Fig. 4-1 is the front view of permeable structure in the present invention；
Fig. 4-2 is the C-C views in Fig. 4-1；
Fig. 5-1 is the combination assumption diagram of seeped water collection device and pedestal in the present invention；
Fig. 5-2 is the D-D views in Fig. 5-1.
In attached drawing：
Rainfall simulator 1, surface runoff simulator 2, permeable structure 3 and seeped water collection device 4 and pedestal 5；Gate
1-1, water meter 1-2, water pipe 1-3, shower 1-4 and supporting rack 1-5；Rain visor 2-1, the first water outlet 2-2, runoff water collecting plate 2-
3, the second water outlet 2-4 and rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric 2-5；Surface layer structure 3-1, the first base layer structure 3-2, the second base layer structure
3-3 and ground layer structure 3-4；Supporting rack 4-1, water outlet 4-2, dilution collector 4-3 are collected in infiltration；Support column 4-1-1.
Specific implementation mode
To keep the present invention relatively sharp, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one：
The embodiment of the present invention one provides a kind of permeable structure performance detector, can detect the runoff system of permeable structure
Number, structure is as shown in Figure 1, include：
Rainfall simulator 1, surface runoff simulator 2, permeable structure 3 and seeped water collection device 4 and pedestal 5.
Rainfall simulator 1 is arranged on the top of surface runoff simulator 2 and sprays point Runoff Simulation device from the ground
Minimum altitude threshold value of 2 distance not less than setting；The bottom of surface runoff simulator 2 connects with permeable structure 3；Infiltration is received
The bottom connection on the top and permeable structure 3 of acquisition means 4, seeped water collection device 4 are supported by pedestal 5.
The structure of above-mentioned rainfall simulator 1 is as shown in Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2 comprising：Gate 1-1, water meter 1-2, water pipe
1-3, shower 1-4 and supporting rack 1-5；
Gate 1-1 is used to control the flow of water, and one end connects water supply pipeline, and the other end connects water pipe 1-3；Water meter 1-2
It is arranged between gate 1-1 and water pipe 1-3, for measuring total Water；Water pipe 1-3 is fixed on supporting rack 1-5；Water pipe 1-3's
It is uniformly arranged multiple spray points and arranges corresponding shower 1-4 in each spray point；Supporting rack 1-5 is by proximate matters such as angle steel or reinforcing bars
It is welded, the outer fixed position set indoors can be installed, can also be supported by multiple supporting leg 1-6, under supporting leg 1-6
Portion can install pulley and be pushed with facilitating.
Surface runoff simulator 2 can be made of organic glass, can also be by galvanized steel plain sheet or stainless-steel sheet etc.
It is made.Its structure is as shown in Fig. 3-1 to Fig. 3-3 comprising：
Rain visor 2-1, the first water outlet 2-2, runoff water collecting plate 2-3, the second water outlet 2-4 and rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric
2-5。
The surrounding of rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric 2-5 is with baffle, and middle part is hollow structure, and one side is equipped with opening.Greatly
The rainwater that part sprinkle gets off can reach in the hollow structure, therefore the hollow structure is also referred to as rainwater sprinkle space 2-6.
Waters of the rain visor 2-1 for shield portions outflow rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric 2-5, setting are held in rainwater sprinkle
The external surrounding of binding structure 2-5, and outer end is provided with rib；The rain cover for the side that is open in rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric 2-5 is set
One end of plate 2-1 is in the upper edge of opening, and all rain visor 2-1 are according to the gradient setting of setting, and gradient direction is from far from first
The position of water outlet 2-2 to the position close to the first water outlet 2-2 is arranged from high to low.The pavement runoff slope of the gradient and design
Spend it is identical, such as 1.0%.
Above-mentioned first water outlet 2-2 is arranged in the ends rain visor 2-1 that rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric 2-5 has opening side
On baffle, and close to the minimum point of rain visor 2-1, so that the rainwater flowed down by rain visor 2-1 (is called spilling herein
Water) discharge, water is overflowed to collect metering, is denoted as Qy.The 2-3 settings of runoff water collecting plate have in rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric 2-5
The side of opening, and one end is docked with baffle at the lower edge of the opening.Runoff water collecting plate 2-3 is arranged according to the gradient of setting,
The gradient is identical as the transverse slope of the pavement structure of design, and direction is consistent, in order to drain.
Second water outlet 2-4 is arranged in the bottom of the minimum point of runoff water collecting plate 2-3, will be flowed by runoff water collecting plate 2-3
Under rainwater (referred to here as runoff water) discharge be denoted as Q to collect metering runoff waterj。
The structure of permeable structure 3 is made as shown in Fig. 4-1 to 4-2 of organic glass.Permeable structure 3 in the present embodiment
Including four-layer structure, it is respectively：Surface layer structure 3-1, the first base layer structure 3-2, the second base layer structure 3-3 and ground layer structure 3-
4.Every layer of structure includes the top half of internal cavities in H-type, has lower half portion and the intermediate shelf of internal cavities.
Wherein the height of lower half portion is less than the height of top half；Each layer of lower half portion internal cavities and its next layer upper half
Between partial outside can clearance fit, perfect assembled with ensure between each layer structure.
The above is illustrated by taking the first base layer structure 3-2 and the second base layer structure 3-3 as an example, but base in the present invention
The number of plies of structure can be arranged according to Testing index difference, that is to say, that the base layer structure number of plies can increase and decrease.
The aperture of each layer of intermediate shelf all uniformly distributed drain hole 3-5, drain hole 3-5 are about 8mm, spacing 2cm.If
The cross-sectional area of this layer of top half internal cavities is F, and the area of drain hole 3-5 is denoted as S, between meet following relationship：
S/F=1/8.
Different materials is filled in the internal cavities of each structure sheaf top half respectively, it is specific as follows：
Surface layer structure 3-1：
It is formed by the pavement material-paving with pervious function, thickness is 6cm~10cm.The people with pervious function
Trade material can be any one in following material：
1) water-permeable brick：Thickness 6cm~10cm can be pervious concrete brick, sand base brick, seepage brick etc..
2) pervious concrete：Thickness 8cm~10cm.
First base layer structure 3-2：
Including upper base+bed course, the wherein thickness of course is 2cm, and effective drainage porosity >=10% can be 1:5
Sand dry mixing in cement can also be the permeable dry mortars of M10；Effective drainage porosity >=10% of the material of wherein upper base,
Can be graded broken stone, thickness is 15cm~20cm or pervious concrete (non-fine concrete), thickness be 15cm~
20cm。
Second base layer structure 3-3：
Effective drainage porosity >=10%.It can be graded broken stone, and thickness is 15cm~20cm；Can also be coarse sand, thickness
For 5cm.
Ground layer structure 3-4：
It is filled with soil matrix layer in ground layer structure 3-4, can be made of the soil property of different condition, thickness 15cm fills
Partial pressure is real (compactness meets design requirement).
For the structure of seeped water collection device 4 and pedestal 5 as shown in Fig. 5-1 to 5-2, seeped water collection device 4 is placed on pedestal 5
Top.
Above-mentioned seeped water collection device 4 is made of organic glass comprising：
Supporting rack 4-1, water outlet 4-2, dilution collector 4-3 are collected in infiltration.
It is reeded framework that supporting rack 4-1 is collected in infiltration, and bottom portion of groove is evenly arranged with multiple protrusions；Infiltration is collected
There are multiple support column 4-1-1 in supporting rack 4-1.Support column 4-1-1 is hollow-core construction, by being fixed on infiltration with male cooperation
Inside collection device supporting rack 4-1, for supporting superstructure layer；
Water outlet 4-2 is uniformly arranged on infiltration and collects the forward position in the bottoms supporting rack 4-1, is arranged by water outlet 4-2
The water gone out is that infiltration water is denoted as Q for calculating amount of seepages。
Dilution collector 4-3 is used for collecting the rainwater permeated, can be bucket, can also be with graduated appearance
Device can also be other vessel.
The bottom in the present invention is arranged in above-mentioned pedestal 5, for supporting top overall structure.It is by angle steel and reinforcement welding
It forms.
Embodiment two：
Second embodiment of the present invention provides another permeable structure performance detectors, can detect the permeable of permeable structure
Between coefficient, with embodiment one difference lies in：Embodiment two does not include the ground layer structure 3-4 in permeable structure 3, remaining
It is identical as the parts in embodiment one, it is not detailed herein.
Embodiment three：
The embodiment of the present invention three provides a kind of permeable structure method for testing performance, utilizes the permeable structure in embodiment one
Performance detector detects the coefficient of permeability of permeable structure, before doing detection experiment, needs first to do following preparation：
1) the surface layer structure 3-1 of permeable structure 3, the first base layer structure 3-2 and the second base layer structure 3-3 are installed successively
It is good.
2) surrounding sealing material or other means is sealed, makes it not from clearance leakage, reduce wall effect, water only from
The upper and lower surface of permeable structure 3 is permeated.
3) shower of adjustment rainfall simulator 1 is 1.5m between the surface layer structure 3-1 that permeable structure 3 includes.
4) the inner cavity length of side of the 1 each layer of permeable structure measured with straight steel ruler, is denoted as D, calculates the impermeable surface face of structure sheaf
Product, is denoted as F.Measure each of surface layer structure 3-1, the first base layer structure 3-2 and the second base layer structure 3-3 that permeable structure 3 includes
Layer thickness is denoted as H1, H2, H3 respectively, measures the both sides numerical value of 3 each layer of permeable structure when measuring thickness respectively, is averaged, essence
Really to 0.1cm.
Operating procedure is as follows：
All water outlet ends in step 11, opening surface runoff simulator 2, permeable structure 3 and seeped water collection device 4
Valve.
Step 12 opens gate 1-1, and water-meter reading flow is Q0(such as 15~17l/min), regulating gate 1-1 start
It discharges water and uses manual time-keeping t.Closed shutter 1-1 (as stopped water inlet after keeping 10min) after holding set period of time, guarantee is permeable
The sample of each layer fully absorbs water in structure 3.
Step 13 calculates total water yield Qz, runoff water Qj, overflow water Qy, amount of seepage Qs。
Total water yield Q thereinz=Qt-Q0；Wherein QtThe stoichiometric number of water meter, Q after the expression t times0Before indicating Open valve
The stoichiometric number of water meter.
Runoff water Q thereinj, overflow water QyWith amount of seepage QsIt can be calculated by measurer, or pass through title
It weighs and combines the density of water that can also be calculated.
Step 14 repeated the above steps such as 5 minutes every setting duration, and there are three groups of experimental datas again, was averaging
Value, total water yield Q after being averagedz, runoff water Qj, overflow water Qy, amount of seepage Qs。
Step 15, the moisture-holding capacity Q for calculating permeable structure 3b：
Qb=Qz-(Qy+Qj+Qs) ... ... ... ... formula 1
Step 16, the coefficient of permeability k for calculating permeable structure 3：
In formula：
K is the coefficient of permeability of permeable structure；
H1、H2、H3Surface layer structure 3-1, the first base layer structure 3-2 and the second base layer structure 3-3 respectively in permeable structure
Thickness；
F is the upper surface area of the sample of each structure sheaf in permeable structure；
QbFor the moisture-holding capacity of permeable structure, it is calculated by formula 1；
QsFor the amount of seepage of permeable structure.
Example IV：
The embodiment of the present invention four provides another permeable structure method for testing performance, utilizes the permeable knot in embodiment two
Structure performance detector detects the runoff coefficient of permeable structure, which carries out in the case where being configured base layer structure 3-4, doing
Before detection experiment, need first to do following preparation：
1) by the surface layer structure 3-1 of permeable structure 3, the first base layer structure 3-2, the second base layer structure 3-3 and ground layer knot
Structure 3-4 is installed successively.
2) surrounding sealing material or other means is sealed, makes it not from clearance leakage, reduce wall effect, water only from
The upper and lower surface of permeable structure 3 is permeated.
3) shower of adjustment rainfall simulator 1 is 1.5m between the surface layer structure 3-1 that permeable structure 3 includes.
4) the inner cavity length of side of the 1 each layer of permeable structure measured with straight steel ruler, is denoted as D, calculates the impermeable surface face of structure sheaf
Product, is denoted as F.
Experimental procedure：
The experimental procedure of this experiment is similar to step 14 with the step 11 in the first experiment above, no longer retouches in detail here
It states.Total water yield Q after being finally averagedzWith runoff water Qj。
Then runoff coefficient α is calculated, calculation formula is as follows：
α=Qj/Qz... ... ... ... ... ... formula 3
In formula 3：
α is runoff coefficient；
QjFor runoff water (i.e. diameter flowing plate discharge)；
QzFor total water yield.
Although the present invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, embodiment is not for the purpose of limiting the invention.Not
It is detached from the spirit and scope of the present invention, any equivalent change or retouch done also belongs to the protection domain of the present invention.Cause
This protection scope of the present invention should be using the content that claims hereof is defined as standard.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of permeable structure performance detector, which is characterized in that the permeable structure performance detector includes：
Rainfall simulator (1), surface runoff simulator (2), permeable structure (3) and seeped water collection device (4)；
Rainfall simulator (1) is arranged on the top of surface runoff simulator (2), and cloth on the rainfall simulator (1)
It is equipped with spray point, one end of the rainfall simulator (1) is connected as the water supply pipeline that the spray point supplies water, the spray point
Minimum altitude threshold value of the distance of Runoff Simulation device (2) not less than setting from the ground；
The bottom of surface runoff simulator (2) connects with permeable structure (3)；The top of seeped water collection device (4) and permeable knot
The bottom connection of structure (3)；
The permeable structure (3) includes：Surface layer structure (3-1) and base layer structure；The surface layer structure (3-1) and base layer structure are equal
In H-type, the wherein height of lower half portion is less than the height of top half；The lower half portion internal cavities of surface layer structure (3-1) with
It is clearance fit between the outside of the top half of base layer structure；The all uniformly distributed drain hole (3-5) of each layer of intermediate shelf.
2. a kind of permeable structure performance detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rainfall simulator
(1) include：
Gate (1-1), water meter (1-2), water pipe (1-3), shower (1-4) and supporting rack (1-5)；
One end of gate (1-1) connects water supply pipeline, and the other end connects water pipe (1-3)；
Water meter (1-2) is arranged between gate (1-1) and water pipe (1-3)；Water pipe (1-3) is fixed on supporting rack (1-5)；Water pipe
It is uniformly arranged multiple spray points below (1-3) and arranges corresponding shower (1-4) in each spray point.
3. a kind of permeable structure performance detector according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the surface runoff simulation dress
Setting (2) includes：
Rain visor (2-1), the first water outlet (2-2), runoff water collecting plate (2-3), the second water outlet (2-4) and rainwater sprinkle are accepted
Structure (2-5)；
Rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric (2-5) is surrounded by baffle and middle part is hollow structure, wherein a side shield is equipped with opening；
One end of rain visor (2-1) is fixed on the surrounding in rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric (2-5), and outer end is provided with rib；
The upper edge in opening, all rain visors are arranged in one end of the rain visor (2-1) of rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric (2-5) opening side
(2-1) is arranged according to the gradient of setting, and gradient direction is from the position far from the first water outlet (2-2) to close to the first water outlet
The position of (2-2) is arranged from high to low；
First water outlet (2-2) setting has the gear of end rain visor (2-1) of opening side in rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric (2-5)
On plate, and close to the minimum point of rain visor (2-1)；
Runoff water collecting plate (2-3) is arranged at the lower edge that rainwater sprinkle adapting structure for electric (2-5) is open；It is set according to the gradient of setting
It sets；The gradient is identical as the pavement runoff gradient of design, and direction is consistent；
Second water outlet (2-4) is arranged in the bottom of the minimum point of runoff water collecting plate (2-3).
4. a kind of permeable structure performance detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The cross section face of the area S and this layer of top half internal cavities of the drain hole (3-5) that each layer of intermediate shelf is laid
Meet following relationship between product F：S/F=1/8；
It is filled in the internal cavities of surface layer structure (3-1) top half：Pavement material with pervious function；Thickness is
6cm~10cm；
The material filled in the internal cavities of the top half of the base layer structure meets：Effective drainage porosity >=10%, thickness are
15cm~20cm.
5. a kind of permeable structure performance detector according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the base layer structure includes：
First base layer structure (3-2)；It is filled in the internal cavities of the top half of first base layer structure (3-2)：Upper base
Material+course, wherein effective drainage porosity >=10% of the material of upper base, thickness is 13~18ccm；Wherein course
Thickness be 2cm, effective drainage porosity >=10%；
And/or
Second base layer structure (3-3)；It is filled in the internal cavities of the top half of second base layer structure (3-3)：Effective hole
The material and thickness of gap rate >=10% are 15cm~20cm.
6. a kind of permeable structure performance detector described in any one according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that described to ooze
Water collecting device (4) includes：
Supporting rack (4-1), water outlet (4-2), dilution collector (4-3) are collected in infiltration；
Infiltration is collected supporting rack (4-1) and is arranged in the bottom of the permeable structure (3)；
Water outlet (4-2) is uniformly arranged on infiltration and collects the forward position in the bottom supporting rack (4-1)；
Dilution collector (4-3) is arranged in the lower section of water outlet (4-2).
7. a kind of permeable structure performance detector according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the permeable structure performance inspection
Surveying instrument further includes：
For supporting the pedestal of the surface runoff simulator (2), permeable structure (3) and seeped water collection device (4), it is arranged
Bottom in the seeped water collection device (4).
8. a kind of permeable structure performance detector according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the permeable structure also wraps
It includes：
Ground layer structure (3-4)；
The ground layer structure (3-4) is in H-type, and the wherein height of lower half portion is less than the height of top half；The ground layer
The top half external mounting of structure (3-4) is in the lower half portion internal cavities of the base layer structure；
Uniformly distributed drain hole (3-5, drain hole (the area S of 3-5 and the ground in the intermediate shelf of the ground layer structure (3-4)
Meet following relationship between the cross-sectional area F of the top half internal cavities of base layer structure (3-4)：S/F=1/8；
It for the soil matrix layer of 13-17cm and is compacted filled with thickness in the ground layer structure (3-4).
9. a kind of permeable structure method for testing performance, which is characterized in that a kind of permeable structure method for testing performance utilizes
A kind of permeable structure performance detector described in claim 1-7 any one is detected, permeable structure performance inspection
Survey method includes：
All water outlet ends in step 11, opening surface runoff simulator (2), permeable structure (3) and seeped water collection device (4)
The valve in portion；
Step 12 opens gate (1-1), and regulating gate (1-1) flow is Q0；Start to discharge water and with manual time-keeping t；Keep setting
Closed shutter (1-1) after period；
Step 13 calculates total water yield Qz, runoff water Qj, overflow water Qy, amount of seepage Qs；
Total water yield Q thereinz=Qt-Q0；
Runoff water Q thereinj, overflow water QyWith amount of seepage QsBy measurer or by weighing and in conjunction with the densitometer of water
It obtains；
Step 14, every setting duration, repeat the above steps again, there are three groups of experimental datas, average, be averaged
Total water yield Q after valuez, runoff water Qj, overflow water Qy, amount of seepage Qs；
Step 15, the moisture-holding capacity Q for calculating permeable structure 3b：
Qb=Qz-(Qy+Qj+Qs)
Step 16, the coefficient of permeability k for calculating permeable structure 3：
In formula：
K is the coefficient of permeability of permeable structure；
H1、H2、H3Surface layer structure (3-1), the first base layer structure (3-2) and the second base layer structure (3-3) respectively in permeable structure
Thickness；
F is the upper surface area of the sample of each structure sheaf in permeable structure；
QbFor the moisture-holding capacity of permeable structure, it is calculated by formula 1；
QsFor the amount of seepage of permeable structure.
10. a kind of permeable structure method for testing performance, which is characterized in that utilize a kind of permeable structure according to any one of claims 8
Energy detector is detected, and the permeable structure method for testing performance includes：
All water outlet ends in step 11, opening surface runoff simulator (2), permeable structure (3) and seeped water collection device (4)
The valve in portion；
Step 12 opens gate (1-1), and regulating gate (1-1) flow is Q0；Start to discharge water and with manual time-keeping t；Keep setting
Closed shutter (1-1) after period；
Step 13 calculates total water yield Qz, runoff water Qj；
Total water yield Q thereinz=Qt-Q0；
Runoff water Q thereinjBy measurer or by weighing and being calculated in conjunction with the density of water；
Step 14, every setting duration, repeat the above steps again, there are three groups of experimental datas, average, be averaged
Total water yield Q after valuez, runoff water Qj；
Step 15 calculates runoff coefficient α, and calculation formula is as follows：
α=Qj/Qz
In formula：
α is runoff coefficient；
QjFor runoff water；
QzFor total water yield.
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| CN106501154A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-15 | 华北理工大学 | The experimental provision of simulation coating precipitation leakage and method |
| CN108226011B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2020-05-26 | 南京林业大学 | Indoor simulation test system for water purification efficiency of permeable pavement |
| CN109655396B (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2024-06-04 | 常州工程职业技术学院 | Large-size permeable concrete blocking simulation device and method for determining retained particles |
| CN110308084B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2024-04-16 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Real-time measuring device for simulating real working environment and permeability coefficient change of permeable bricks |
| CN110398451A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-01 | 安徽华茂织染有限公司 | Beam dyeing Liquid penetrant testing device |
| CN112378708B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2024-03-26 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | Equipment assessment device based on Bayes method under small sample condition |
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| CN201583478U (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-09-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Device for measuring water permeability and runoff performance of pervious brick |
| CN102192869B (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2015-01-21 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | Apparatus and method for detecting permeable performance of permeable material product |
| KR101103267B1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2012-01-10 | 건국대학교 산학협력단 | The loading plate of flexible membrane and the device and the method thereof |
| CN201689033U (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2010-12-29 | 厦门市闽长鹭科技发展有限公司 | Permeable environment simulator experiment apparatus applied for permeable brick |
| CN203732408U (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏省建筑工程质量检测中心有限公司 | Testing device for permeation coefficient of pervious concrete |
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