CN208043607U - The normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete - Google Patents
The normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete, including four parts：Water reserve, pressure pool, permeable area, infiltration water is collected and data processing area.Water reserve is water storage place needed for experiment.Hydraulic pressure is adjusted in pressure pool.It is permeable to divide into four parts：At water inlet, test specimen placing position, at water outlet and drainage position；Flow is entered by water inlet, by the test specimen of test specimen placing position, and is flowed out at water outlet, and remaining water in drainage position discharge permeable area is then first passed through when replacing test specimen.The temperature that water is collected and data processing area is the water that receiving sensor measures is permeated, the water flowed out for a period of time by test specimen is collected and weighed to acid-base value, and carry out data is calculated coefficient of permeability.The utility model can successfully avoid the deficiency of a large amount of pertinent instruments.Such as：Side wall intercommunicating pore, permeable sectional area variation, the vortex slough of four angular zone of cube specimen.This experimental provision is easy for installation, easy to operate, and accuracy is high, effectively can efficiently be tested.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to Material Testing Technology fields, are surveyed more particularly to the normal varying head coefficient of permeability of pervious concrete
Trial assembly is set.
Background technology
With the increasingly quickening of China's modernization, the raising of the level of urbanization, especially urban size speedup is very fast,
So that surface sealing area increasingly increases, rainwater is lost in as surface water mostly, cannot have again while groundwater abstraction
Effect is supplemented, and the rainwater being lost in causes urban waterlogging etc. more in summer.Therefore the construction in sponge city is extremely urgent, and
Pervious concrete is the important ring in sponge urban construction again, is used to build road, square, park etc..Permeable coagulation
Soil is by cementitious material, coarse aggregate, micro or without made of fine aggregate, water, additive and admixture according to a certain percentage mixing
A kind of celluar concrete.Referred to as cement pervious concrete, often referred to simply as pervious concrete when cementitious material is cement.It is this
For concrete since no fine aggregate or fine aggregate are less, there are larger porositys in concrete bodies after curing, have good
Permeance property, " tropical island effect " in city can be alleviated, sqouynd absorption lowering noise, improve urban Heat Environment, can effectively solve common coagulation
A series of ecological problems caused by soil.
Pervious concrete can meet the requirement on light-duty road surface as a kind of concrete of ecological, environmental protective.Permeable cement is mixed
Solidifying soil is required to meet resistance to compression, the requirement of anti-folding and water permeability.Water permeability is the important indicator of pervious concrete.
In pervious concrete standard cube test specimen coefficient of permeability test device (Wang Junqiang) text, branch is equipped with below test specimen
Support, reduces the cross-section of river of test specimen, experimental result is not accurate enough, and there are errors.And in the utility model, test specimen relies on side wall
Frictional force support test specimen, thus without setting support, so the cross-section of river of test specimen will not be reduced.
In test device (department Sun Yi, Zhang Yating, Li Tianyan) text of permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, using test specimen upper end
Water intake mode is intake, this just falls flow to have hit spray at test specimen upper end, made to circulate large quantity of air in water, and flow fell
Journey also will produce minute bubbles, influence test specimen water penetration.And the utility model is intake using lower end, can effectively reduce gas in water
Dissolving and minute bubbles generation.
In water-permeable cement concrete coefficient of permeability test device and method (Chen Yu, Liu Yanjun) text, during water inlet, only
Amount of water can be slowly adjusted, to reach condition needed for experiment.And the utility model is equipped with partition board, superfluous water meeting nature flows out, no
With inflow is deliberately adjusted, keep experimental implementation simpler.
Utility model content
Above-mentioned in order to solve the problems, such as, the utility model provides pervious concrete normal varying head coefficient of permeability test dress
It sets, can successfully avoid the deficiency of a large amount of pertinent instruments.Such as：Side wall intercommunicating pore, permeable sectional area variation, cube specimen quadrangle
The vortex slough in region.This experimental provision is easy for installation, easy to operate, and accuracy is high, effectively can efficiently be tested,
For this purpose, the utility model provides the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete, including water storage box, draw water
Pump, upper hose, return pipe, partition board, sensor, pressure water tank, water inlet pipe, tripod, test specimen placing position, outlet pipe, drainpipe,
Dust-collecting bucket and computing unit, suction pump in the water storage box, the suction pump connect water pipe, upper hose bending posterior end mouthful
On pressure water tank, the pressure water tank is placed on tripod, there is partition board in the pressure water tank, and the partition board is by pressure water
Case is divided into pressure waters and return water domain, there is sensor, the return water domain of the pressure water tank in the pressure waters of the pressure water tank
It is connected to return pipe, on water storage box, the water inlet pipe one terminates pressure water tank and pressure for return pipe bending posterior end mouthful
The pressure waters of water tank is connected to, at the water inlet of the right-angle tee pipe one of another termination test specimen placing position side of water inlet pipe, institute
It includes horizontal segment structure, vertical segment structure, right-angle tee pipe one, right-angle tee pipe two, pipe lid one, pipe lid two to state test specimen placing position
And vertical tube, test specimen is enclosed in the horizontal segment structure and vertical segment structure, and the horizontal segment structure and vertical segment structure wrap
Include semicircle strap, semicircle ambulatory splint, pipe one, pipe two, anchor ear, crossover sub one and crossover sub two, institute
It states semicircle strap both ends by glue to be respectively connected with one end of pipe one and pipe two, the semicircle ambulatory splint
It is connected with semicircle strap, pipe one and pipe two by anchor ear, test specimen is placed as required on horizontal segment structure or perpendicular
In straight section structure, there is test specimen to substitute pipeline in the horizontal segment structure or vertical segment structure of no test specimen and substituted, the pipe two
It is first that outboard end switches through changing-over, and one outboard end of the pipe connects crossover sub two, outside the crossover sub one of the horizontal segment structure
Side connects the horizontal ends of right-angle tee pipe one, and the lower end of the right-angle tee pipe one has pipe lid one, the horizontal segment structure to turn
The horizontal ends of two outside termination right-angle tee pipe two of changing-over head, there is pipe lid two in the lower end of the right-angle tee pipe two, described vertical
Connected water outlet pipe at the water outlet of the vertical tube of crossover sub side above segment structure, one other side of right-angle tee pipe passes through drainpipe
Water storage box is connect, has valve, the lower end outlet of the drainpipe to have filter device one, the lower end of the outlet pipe on the drainpipe
Outlet there is filter device two, the lower section of the filter device two to have dust-collecting bucket, the dust-collecting bucket is above computing unit.
Further improvement of the utility model, the tripod it is height-adjustable, tripod it is height-adjustable, to
Adjusting the height of pressure water tank makes hydraulic pressure generate variation, and then measures coefficient of permeability of the test specimen under different hydraulic pressure, can assess water
Press the influence to coefficient of permeability.
Further improvement of the utility model, the sensor in the pressure waters of the pressure water tank are temperature sensor,
Temperature sensor in the pressure waters can measure experiment water temperature used, and be printed upon on final result, keep experiment more all
In detail.
There are button, touch screen displays and printing outlet in further improvement of the utility model, the computing unit side, adopt
With intelligentized data processing system, experimental result can be quickly obtained, avoid the error in manual operation calculating process.
The side wall of further improvement of the utility model, the test specimen wraps up the soft compressible layer of one layer of waterproof, test specimen
It is cellular rubber that side wall, which wraps up one layer of waterproof and soft squeezable material, eligible material, and material can protrude into outside test specimen
Portion's hole effectively solves the problems, such as the side wall intercommunicating pore of test specimen, and in test specimen placing position, 2 semicircle clamping plates can be consolidated by anchor ear
Fixed to live to have wrapped up the test specimen of material, to which the both ends of test specimen do not have to the support constructions such as partition board, and the material of test specimen package is then suitable
Reduce so the cross-section of river of test specimen will not change in acting as one section of pipe as the both ends pipe of semicircle clamping plate
Experimental error.
Further improvement of the utility model surveys coefficient of permeability when the test device tests coefficient of permeability using constant head
Or varying head tests coefficient of permeability, when the system testing coefficient of permeability, constant head can not only be used to survey coefficient of permeability, additionally it is possible to
Coefficient of permeability is tested using varying head.The purpose for realizing a tractor serves several purposes, economizes on resources；Coefficient of permeability in the case where testing constant head
Afterwards, varying head coefficient of permeability can be tested by closing the pumping source that draws water, and can reduce the installation process of test specimen, improve test effect
Rate.
Further improvement of the utility model, the interface that the drainpipe connects water storage box have a filter device two, it is described go out
The lower end of water pipe has filter device one, the utility model to be provided with filter device, and the utility model experiment water used is recyclable, because
This is equipped with filter device in corresponding position, ensures clean free from admixture when water recycles.
The utility model provides the constant head test side of the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete and method
Method is as follows：
Step 1：Test specimen is installed：
The side wall of test specimen is wrapped up into one layer of waterproof and soft squeezable material, test specimen is put into semicircle fixation after wrapping
In clamping plate, semicircle ambulatory splint is buckled, anchor ear and the anchor ear as it be used in combination that two pieces of semicircle clamping plates are fixedly clamped,
If test specimen placing position is horizontal segment in, and vertical section replaces test specimen with one section of pipe, identical material is equally wrapped in its side wall,
Remaining is similarly on the contrary if test specimen is in vertical section；
Step 2：Connect instrument：
It is covered in the lower end of right-angle tee pipe one and right-angle tee pipe two with pipe lid one and pipe lid two；It is horizontal in test specimen placing position
The pipe one and pipe two of section are connected with one end of crossover sub two and crossover sub one respectively；Crossover sub one and crossover sub
Two are connected with right-angle tee pipe one and two horizontal ends of right-angle tee pipe respectively；Right-angle tee pipe one side is connected with drainpipe；Directly
It is connected at one upper end of angle three-way pipe and water inlet；Adjust tripod height；It is connected with water inlet pipe at water inlet；On right-angle tee pipe two
End is connected with test specimen placing position vertical section；Test specimen placing position vertical section upper end is connected with vertical tube；At the water outlet of vertical tube and outlet pipe
It is connected；
Step 3：Water flowing；
Suction pump is immersed in water storage box, and the water for pumped of drawing water passes through in upper hose feed pressure water tank, when water is full of
In pressure waters, extra water can overflow across partition board and enter in return water domain, and be back flowed back into water storage box by return pipe, pressure
Water in waters is by water inlet pipe, and in flowing at water inlet, the water of inflow passes through right-angle tee pipe one, crossover sub one and circle successively
Pipe two by test specimen, then flows into pipe one, crossover sub two, right-angle tee pipe two, the vertical placing position of test specimen and vertical tube successively,
And eventually arrive at water outlet, it flows into outlet pipe, and after the filtering of filter device one, flow into dust-collecting bucket；
Step 4：Calculate coefficient of permeability；
Intellectualizing system button to be opened, inputs the length of institute's test block on a touch-screen display, diameter tests head difference,
Data needed for the experiment such as duration, intellectualizing system receive the data that temperature sensor transmits, and water to be flowed out reaches requirement of experiment
Stable state after, weigh the dust-collecting bucket water collected, data in the case where meeting experiment streamflow regime and show on a touch-screen display, one
After fixing time, the automatic note for carrying out data is calculated, and output result is exported from printing；
Formula used is as follows：
In constant head water permeabillity test, the head difference of hydraulic gradient i, i.e. test specimen two ends remain unchanged；
Q/t=K*i*A=K* (Δ h/L) * A； (1)
In formula, Q is the exudation water in time t second, cm3；T is permeability time, s；Δ h is head difference, i.e. pressure waters
Middle aqueous upper surface and the difference in height being discharged at water outlet, cm；L is piece lengths, cm；A is that flow passes through test specimen section
Area, cm2；
It can then be found out by following formula by formula (1) coefficient of permeability；
K=Q/ (A*t*i)=Q*L/ (A*t* Δs h)； (2)
If testing the coefficient of permeability of different head height differences, change the height of tripod, adjust head difference height, repeats
Step 4 operates, and measures the coefficient of permeability of different head differences；
The viscosity of water and water temperature are closely related, therefore the coefficient of permeability and water temperature that measure are also closely related.Therefore it need to will be different
The coefficient of permeability measured under water temperature is converted into standard coefficient of permeability；
Using 15 DEG C of water temperatures as normal temperature, the coefficient of permeability under normal temperature is then standard coefficient of permeability, should be counted as the following formula
It calculates：
KT=K15×ηT/η15 (3)
In formula：
K15The coefficient of permeability (mm/s) of sample when-normal temperature；
ηTThe power coefficient of viscosity (kPas) of water at-T DEG C；
η15The power coefficient of viscosity (kPas) of water at -15 DEG C；
ηT/η15The power coefficient of viscosity ratio of-water；
Step 5：It restores；
After testing a test specimen, suction pump is closed, opens valve, make the water in device by drainpipe and was passed through
It is flowed into water storage box after filtering device filtering, is then shut off valve, and the water collected in dust-collecting bucket is poured into water storage box；
By the rear sequence for filling and first tearing open, instrument is restored, and takes out test specimen so that next time tests；
Step 6：Experiment terminates；
Repeating the above steps one two three four can test other test specimens, if it is the examination that need to test different-diameter or length
Part replaces with the clamping plate of respective diameters or length, pipe and anchor ear in test specimen placing position, connects corresponding crossover sub,
Subsequent operation is same as above.
The utility model provides the varying head test side of the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete and method
Method is as follows：
Step 1：Test specimen is installed；
The side wall of test specimen is wrapped up into one layer of waterproof and soft squeezable material, test specimen is put into semicircle fixation after wrapping
In clamping plate, semicircle ambulatory splint is buckled, anchor ear and the anchor ear as it be used in combination that two pieces of semicircle clamping plates are fixedly clamped,
If test specimen placing position is horizontal segment in, and vertical section replaces test specimen with a segment pipe, identical material is equally wrapped in its side wall,
Remaining is similarly on the contrary if test specimen is in vertical section；
Step 2：Connect instrument：
It is covered in the lower end of right-angle tee pipe one and right-angle tee pipe two with pipe lid one and pipe lid two；It is horizontal in test specimen placing position
The pipe one and pipe two of section are connected with one end of crossover sub two and crossover sub one respectively；Crossover sub one and crossover sub
Two are connected with right-angle tee pipe one and two horizontal ends of right-angle tee pipe respectively；One other side of right-angle tee pipe is connected with drainpipe；
It is connected at one upper end of right-angle tee pipe and water inlet；Adjust tripod height；It is connected with water inlet pipe at water inlet；Right-angle tee pipe two
Upper end is connected with test specimen placing position vertical section；Test specimen placing position vertical section upper end is connected with vertical tube；At the water outlet of vertical tube and it is discharged
Pipe is connected；
Step 3：Water flowing；
Suction pump is immersed in water storage box, and the water for pumped of drawing water passes through in upper hose feed pressure water tank, when water is full of
When pressure waters, extra water can overflow across partition board and enter in return water domain, and be back flowed back into water storage box by return pipe, pressure
Water in waters is by water inlet pipe, and in flowing at water inlet, the water of inflow passes through right-angle tee pipe one, crossover sub one and circle successively
Pipe two by test specimen, then flows into pipe one, crossover sub two, right-angle tee pipe two, the vertical placing position of test specimen and vertical tube successively,
And eventually arrive at water outlet, it flows into outlet pipe, and after the filtering of filter device one, flow into dust-collecting bucket；
Step 4：Calculate coefficient of permeability；
Intellectualizing system button is opened, inputs the length of institute's test block, diameter, pressure waters Nei Shui on a touch-screen display
Face falling head, the required data of the experiment such as pressure waters cross-sectional area, intellectualizing system receive the data that temperature sensor transmits,
After the water flowed out reaches the stable state of requirement of experiment, the pumping source that draws water is closed, stops supplying water, starts simultaneously at timing, wait collecting
The increment of water inner bucket water stops timing when reaching experiment setting value.Data are shown on a touch-screen display, carry out data automatically
Note is calculated, and output result is exported from printing；
Formula used is as follows：
In the permeable experiment of varying head, the head difference of hydraulic gradient, i.e. test specimen two ends changes over time, but seepage flow length does not have
It changes, at this moment the flow of dt times can be calculated by following formula：
dQ=K* (h/L) * Adt； (4)
In formula, dQFor the water yield in time dt second, cm3；H is the head at certain moment, cm；
If transformation period is from t0To t1, the water level in change of water level section pressure waters is from h0Drop to h1, by converting and accumulating
Point.Coefficient of permeability can be found out by following formula：
Wherein a is the inner section area of pipe (305)；
The viscosity of water and water temperature are closely related, therefore the coefficient of permeability and water temperature that measure are also closely related.Therefore it need to will be different
The coefficient of permeability measured under water temperature is converted into standard coefficient of permeability；
Using 15 DEG C of water temperatures as normal temperature, the coefficient of permeability under normal temperature is then standard coefficient of permeability, should be counted as the following formula
It calculates：
KT=K15×ηT/η15 (3)
In formula：
K15The coefficient of permeability (mm/s) of sample when-normal temperature；
ηTThe power coefficient of viscosity (kPas) of water at-T DEG C；
η15The power coefficient of viscosity (kPas) of water at -15 DEG C；
ηT/η15The power coefficient of viscosity ratio of-water；
Step 5：It restores；
After testing a test specimen, valve is opened, the water in device is made to be filtered by drainpipe and by filter device
It flows into water storage box afterwards, is then shut off valve, and the water collected in dust-collecting bucket is poured into water storage box；
By the rear sequence for filling and first tearing open, instrument is restored, and takes out test specimen so that next time tests；
Step 6：Experiment terminates；
Repeating the above steps one two three four can test other test specimens, if it is the examination that need to test different-diameter or length
Part replaces with the clamping plate of respective diameters or length, pipe and anchor ear in test specimen placing position, connects corresponding crossover sub,
Subsequent operation is same as above.
The normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of the utility model pervious concrete, advantage is the utility model
The size of hydraulic pressure can be adjusted, coefficient of permeability of the same test specimen under different hydraulic pressure can be measured；Successfully solves test specimen side wall
Intercommunicating pore problem；The cross-section of river of test specimen does not change, keeps experimental result more acurrate；It is designed using circulating filtration, saves water resource
While again not to experiment impact；Intelligentized system can receive the numerical value of temperature sensor and to experimental data
Fast and accurately handle；Horizontal segment and vertical section can measure the test specimen of different placement statuses；Different placement statuses are replaced opposite
The horizontal segment or vertical section and crossover sub answered, can test the cylinder test specimen of different-diameter or length.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model overall schematic；
Fig. 2 is the utility model modular construction schematic diagram one；
Fig. 3 is the utility model modular construction schematic diagram two；
Fig. 4 is the utility model modular construction schematic diagram three；
Fig. 5 is the utility model modular construction schematic diagram four；
It illustrates:
101, water storage box；102, suction pump；103, upper hose；201, return pipe；202, partition board；203, temperature sensor；
204, pressure water tank；205, water inlet pipe；206, tripod；207, pressure waters；208, return water domain；301, at water inlet；302, half
Round strap；303, semicircle ambulatory splint；304, pipe one；305, pipe two；306, anchor ear；307, outlet pipe；
308, filter device one；309, valve；310, drainpipe；311, filter device two；312, crossover sub one；313, crossover sub
Two；314, at water outlet；315, right-angle tee pipe one；316, right-angle tee pipe two；317, pipe lid one；318, pipe lid two；319, it erects
Pipe；401, dust-collecting bucket；402, button；403, touch screen displays；404, printing outlet.
Specific implementation mode
The utility model is described in further detail with specific implementation mode below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
The utility model provides the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete, can successfully avoid a large amount of correlations
The deficiency of instrument.Such as：Side wall intercommunicating pore, permeable sectional area variation, the vortex slough of four angular zone of cube specimen.This practicality
It is novel to use intelligentized data processing system, it can quickly obtain experimental result, avoid in manual operation calculating process
Error.This experimental provision is easy for installation, easy to operate, and accuracy is high, effectively can efficiently be tested.
The utility model is totally divided into four parts：Water reserve, pressure pool, permeable area are permeated at water collection and data
Manage area.The good instrument of installation and debugging before experiment starts.The height for regulating tripod 206 determines that the height of pressure water tank 204 is i.e. real
Test the size of hydraulic pressure.It is covered under right-angle tee pipe 1 and right-angle tee pipe 2 316 with pipe lid 1 and pipe lid 2 318
End, keeps its water-tight.Before test specimen is installed, the side wall of test specimen is first wrapped up into one layer of waterproof and soft squeezable material, after wrapping
Test specimen is put into semicircle strap 302, semicircle ambulatory splint 303 is buckled, anchor ear 306 and embracing as it is used in combination
Two pieces of semicircle clamping plates are fixedly clamped by hoop.If test specimen placing position is horizontal segment, then vertical section replaces test specimen with a segment pipe,
Its side wall equally wraps identical material, remaining is similarly (if test specimen in vertical section, otherwise).As shown in figure, suction pump 102
It is immersed in water storage box 101, the water that suction pump 102 is extracted out is by 103 feed pressure water tank 204 of upper hose.When water is full of pressure
In power waters 207, extra water can flow through partition board 202 and enter in return water domain 208, and back flow back into storage by return pipe 201
In water tank 101.Water in pressure waters 207 is by water inlet pipe 205, in flowing into 301 at water inlet.The water of inflow is successively by right angle
Three-way pipe 1, crossover sub 1 and pipe 2 305 by test specimen, then flow into pipe 1, crossover sub two successively
313, right-angle tee pipe 2 316, the vertical placing position of test specimen and vertical tube 319, and eventually arrive at 314 at water outlet, flow into outlet pipe 307
In, and after the filtering of filter device 1, flow into dust-collecting bucket 401.When hydrostatic head method tests test specimen, intelligent system is opened
It unites button 402, inputs the length of institute test block in touch screen displays 403, diameter tests head difference, needed for the experiments such as duration
Data, intellectualizing system receive the data that temperature sensor 203 transmits, and water to be flowed out reaches the stable state of requirement of experiment
Afterwards, the water that dust-collecting bucket is collected in the case where meeting experiment streamflow regime is weighed, data are shown in touch screen displays 403, certain time
Afterwards, the note for carrying out data automatically is calculated, from 404 output result of printing outlet；After testing previous test specimen, suction pump is closed
102, valve 309 is opened, the water in permeable area is made to flow into water storage by drainpipe 310 and after the filtering of filter device 2 311
In case 101.When variable water level method tests test specimen, intellectualizing system button 402 is opened, inputs and is tested in touch screen displays 403
The length of part, diameter, water surface falling head in pressure waters 207, data needed for the experiment such as 207 cross-sectional area of pressure waters, intelligence
System can be changed and receive the data that temperature sensor 203 transmits, after the water flowed out reaches the stable state of requirement of experiment, close and take out
102 power supply of water pump stops supplying water, starts simultaneously at timing, stops timing when the increment for the inner bucket water that catchments reaches experiment setting value.
Data are shown in touch screen displays 403, and the automatic note for carrying out data is calculated, from 404 output result of printing outlet；Before testing
After one test specimen, valve 309 is opened, the water in permeable area is made to be flowed by drainpipe 310 and after the filtering of filter device 2 311
Enter in water storage box 101.If you need to test the test specimen of different-diameter or length, then by replace corresponding horizontal segment or vertical section and
Crossover sub, subsequent operation are same as above.
It please refers to Fig.1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the utility model embodiment includes：
The normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete and method, including：The skill that the utility model mainly solves
Art problem is to provide the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete and method and method, can successfully avoid a large amount of phases
Close the deficiency of instrument.Such as：Side wall intercommunicating pore, permeable sectional area variation, vortex slough (this reality of four angular zone of cube specimen
It tests and uses cylinder test specimen).Using intelligentized data processing system, experimental result can be quickly obtained, avoid manpower behaviour
Make the error in calculating process.This experimental provision is easy for installation, easy to operate, and accuracy is high, effectively can efficiently carry out reality
It tests.The utility model is totally divided into four parts：Water reserve, pressure pool, permeable area, infiltration water is collected and data processing area.
The good instrument of installation and debugging before experiment starts.The height for regulating tripod 206 determines that the height of pressure water tank 204 tests water
The size of pressure.Before test specimen is installed, the side wall of test specimen is first wrapped up into one layer of waterproof and soft squeezable material, by test specimen after wrapping
It is put into semicircle strap 302, buckles semicircle ambulatory splint 303, be used in combination anchor ear 306 and anchor ear as it by two
Block semicircle clamping plate is fixedly clamped.If test specimen placing position is horizontal segment, then vertical section replaces test specimen with a segment pipe, in its side wall
Identical material is equally wrapped, remaining is similarly (if test specimen in vertical section, otherwise).As shown in figure, suction pump 102 is immersed in
In water storage box 101, the water that suction pump 102 is extracted out is by 103 feed pressure water tank 204 of upper hose.When water is full of pressure waters
In 207, extra water can overflow across partition board 202 and enter in return water domain 208, and back flow back into water storage box 101 by return pipe 201
In.Water in pressure waters 207 is by water inlet pipe 205, in flowing into 301 at water inlet.The water of inflow passes through right-angle tee pipe successively
One 315, crossover sub 1 and pipe 2 305 by test specimen, then flow into pipe 1 successively, crossover sub 2 313, directly
Angle three-way pipe 2 316, the vertical placing position of test specimen and vertical tube 319, and eventually arrive at 314 at water outlet, it flows into outlet pipe 307, and
After the filtering of filter device 1, flow into dust-collecting bucket 401.When hydrostatic head method tests test specimen, intellectualizing system button is opened
402, the length of institute's test block is inputted in touch screen displays 403, diameter tests head difference, the required data of the experiment such as duration, intelligence
System can be changed and receive the data that temperature sensor 203 transmits, after the water flowed out reaches the stable state of requirement of experiment, weigh collection
The bucket water collected, data in the case where meeting experiment streamflow regime are shown in touch screen displays 403, after a certain period of time, automatically into
The note of row data is calculated, from 404 output result of printing outlet；After testing previous test specimen, suction pump 102 is closed, opens valve
Door 309 makes the water in permeable area be flowed into water storage box 101 by drainpipe 310 and after the filtering of filter device 2 311.Become
When head method tests test specimen, intellectualizing system button 402 is opened, the length of institute's test block is inputted in touch screen displays 403, directly
Diameter, water surface falling head in pressure waters 207, data needed for the experiment such as 207 cross-sectional area of pressure waters, intellectualizing system receive
The data that temperature sensor 203 transmits close 102 power supply of suction pump after the water flowed out reaches the stable state of requirement of experiment,
Stop supplying water, start simultaneously at timing, stops timing when the increment for the inner bucket water that catchments reaches experiment setting value.Data are shown in tactile
On panel type display 403, the automatic note for carrying out data is calculated, from 404 output result of printing outlet；After testing previous test specimen,
Valve 309 is opened, the water in permeable area is made to flow into water storage box 101 by drainpipe 310 and after the filtering of filter device 2 311
In.If you need to test the test specimen of different-diameter or length, it is by replacing corresponding horizontal segment or vertical section and crossover sub then
Can, subsequent operation is same as above.
Coefficient of permeability is calculated using formula
In constant head water permeabillity test, the head difference of hydraulic gradient i, i.e. test specimen two ends remain unchanged；
Q/t=K*i*A=K* (Δ h/L) * A； (1)
In formula, Q is the exudation water in time t second, cm3；T is permeability time, s；Δ h is head difference, i.e. pressure waters
In at 207 aqueous upper surfaces and water outlet 314 water outlets differences in height, cm；L is piece lengths, cm；A is that flow passes through section
Area, cm2；
It can then be found out by following formula by formula (1) coefficient of permeability；
K=Q/ (A*t*i)=Q*L/ (A*t* Δs h)； (2)
If testing the coefficient of permeability of different head height differences, change the height of tripod, adjust head difference height, repeats
Step 4 operates, and measures the coefficient of permeability of different head differences；
In the permeable experiment of varying head, the head difference of hydraulic gradient, i.e. test specimen two ends changes over time, but seepage flow length does not have
It changes, at this moment the flow of dt times can be calculated by following formula：
dQ=K* (h/L) * Adt； (4)
In formula, dQFor the water yield in time dt second, cm3；H is the head at certain moment, cm；
If transformation period is from t0To t1, the water level in change of water level section pressure waters is from h0Drop to h1, by converting and accumulating
Point.Coefficient of permeability can be found out by following formula：
Wherein a is the inner section area of pipe 305；
The viscosity of water and water temperature are closely related, therefore the coefficient of permeability and water temperature that measure are also closely related.Therefore it need to will be different
The coefficient of permeability measured under water temperature is converted into standard coefficient of permeability；
Using 15 DEG C of water temperatures as normal temperature, the coefficient of permeability under normal temperature is then standard coefficient of permeability, should be counted as the following formula
It calculates：
KT=K15×ηT/η15 (3)
In formula：
K15The coefficient of permeability (mm/s) of sample when-normal temperature；
ηTThe power coefficient of viscosity (kPas) of water at-T DEG C；
η15The power coefficient of viscosity (kPas) of water at -15 DEG C；
ηT/η15The power coefficient of viscosity ratio of-water；
The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not to make any other to the utility model
The limitation of form, and according to any modification or equivalent variations made by the technical essence of the utility model, it is new to still fall within this practicality
Type range claimed.
Claims (6)
1. the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete, including water storage box（101）, suction pump（102）, upper hose
（103）, return pipe（201）, partition board（202）, sensor（203）, pressure water tank（204）, water inlet pipe（205）, tripod
（206）, test specimen placing position, outlet pipe（307）, drainpipe（310）, dust-collecting bucket（401）And computing unit, it is characterised in that：Institute
State water storage box（101）Interior suction pump（102）, the suction pump（102）Connect water pipe（103）, the upper hose（103）After bending
Lower port is in pressure water tank（204）On, the pressure water tank（204）It is placed on tripod（206）On, the pressure water tank
（204）Inside there is partition board（202）, the partition board（202）By pressure water tank（204）It is divided into pressure waters（207）With return water domain
（208）, the pressure water tank（204）Pressure waters（207）Inside there is sensor（203）, the pressure water tank（204）Return water
Domain（208）With return pipe（201）Connection, the return pipe（201）Posterior end mouthful is bent in water storage box（101）On, the water inlet
Pipe（205）One termination pressure water tank（204）With pressure water tank（204）Pressure waters（207）Connection, the water inlet pipe（205）
The right-angle tee pipe one of another termination test specimen placing position side（315）At the water inlet of upper end（301）, the test specimen placing position includes
Horizontal segment structure, vertical segment structure, right-angle tee pipe one（315）, right-angle tee pipe two（316）, pipe lid one（317）, pipe lid two
（318）And vertical tube（319）, it is enclosed with test specimen in the horizontal segment structure and vertical segment structure, the horizontal segment structure and vertical
Segment structure includes semicircle strap（302）, semicircle ambulatory splint（303）, pipe one（304）, pipe two（305）,
Anchor ear（306）, crossover sub one（312）With crossover sub two（313）, the semicircle strap（302）Both ends pass through glue
Water respectively with pipe one（304）With pipe two（305）One end be connected, it is described semicircle ambulatory splint（303）Pass through anchor ear
（306）With semicircle strap（302）, pipe one（304）With pipe two（305）It is connected, test specimen is placed as required on water
In flat segment structure or vertical segment structure, there is test specimen to substitute pipeline in the horizontal segment structure or vertical segment structure of no test specimen and replaced
Generation, the pipe two（305）It is first that outboard end switches through changing-over（312）, the pipe one（304）Outboard end connects crossover sub two
（313）, the crossover sub one of the horizontal segment structure（312）Outside terminates right-angle tee pipe one（315）Horizontal ends, it is described straight
Angle three-way pipe one（315）Lower end have pipe lid one（317）, the crossover sub two of the horizontal segment structure（313）Outside termination is straight
Angle three-way pipe two（316）Horizontal ends, the right-angle tee pipe two（316）Lower end have pipe lid two（318）, the vertical section knot
The vertical tube of crossover sub side above structure（319）Water outlet at（314）Connected water outlet pipe（307）, the right-angle tee pipe one（315）
The other side passes through drainpipe（310）Connect water storage box（101）, the drainpipe（310）On have valve（309）, the drainpipe
（310）Lower end outlet have filter device one（311）, the outlet pipe（307）The outlet of lower end have filter device two
（308）, the filter device two（308）Lower section have dust-collecting bucket（401）, the dust-collecting bucket（401）Above computing unit.
2. the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described three
Tripod（206）It is height-adjustable.
3. the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pressure
Power water tank（204）Pressure waters（207）Interior sensor（203）For temperature sensor.
4. the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The examination
The side wall of part wraps up the soft compressible layer of one layer of waterproof.
5. the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The meter
Calculating unit side has button（402）, touch screen displays（403）It is exported with printing（404）.
6. the normal varying head coefficient of permeability test device of pervious concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The survey
When trying device to test coefficient of permeability, it can be not only used for hydrostatic head method survey coefficient of permeability and can be used for variable water level method test coefficient of permeability again.
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| CN107976393A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-01 | 金陵科技学院 | Permeation coefficient of permeable concrete constant head and varying head test device and test method |
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