CN105705841A

CN105705841A - Vehicle manual gearbox, with a catch for controlling the reverse-gear brake

Info

Publication number: CN105705841A
Application number: CN201480059208.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·马蒂亚斯
Original assignee: Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Current assignee: PSA Automobiles SA
Priority date: 2013-10-28
Filing date: 2014-09-22
Publication date: 2016-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2034-09-22
Also published as: CN105705841B; EP3063435A1; FR3012555B1; EP3063435B8; FR3012555A1; EP3063435B1; WO2015063383A1; ES2639804T3

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle manual gearbox, with a catch for controlling the reverse-gear brake. The manual gearbox is fitted to a vehicle and comprises a fork (F3) comprising a catch (LF) mounted for rotation and provided with a housing (LL) ending in an end-stop (BL), and a gear lever (LP) comprising a control finger (DC) able to become housed in this housing (LL) when translated during a phase of selecting a reverse gear, then, when rotationally driven, to push this end-stop (BL) to cause the translational movement of the fork (F3) thereof between a rest position and an active position capable of causing a braking assembly to operate, while at the same time causing the catch (LF) to rotate by pressing in the housing (LL) in order to break free of this end-stop (BL) and thus allow the fork (F3) to return to the rest position thereof for the purpose of actually engaging the reverse gear using a gear-change finger.

Description

There is the means of transport manual transmission for controlling the bolt fastener that reverse gear shift is braked

Technical field

The present invention relates to the manual transmission with asynchronous reverse gear shift being assemblied on some means of transports, optionally motor driven type means of transport。

Background technology

As known to those skilled in the art, the change speed gear box of the above-mentioned type generally includes:

-power shaft and output shaft, described power shaft and output shaft are provided with (forward gear and reverse gear shift) fixed gear and idler gear (pignonfou), and described gear is used for limiting change gear train (or change-speed gearing),

-reverse gear shift trigger, described trigger is responsible for the mobile multi-joint balladeur train of reverse gear shift, so that described multi-joint balladeur train engages with the reverse gear shift gear of power shaft and output shaft,

-shift fork, described shift fork is provided with shifting block (crosse) and can be translated the friction-type lock unit being associated with idler gear for startup,

-shift handle, described shift handle is provided with the interlocking spanner that including shifts gears refers to, described gearshift refers to as the selectivity being used on shifting block for promoted in selector fork and translates,

-brake assemblies, when one of them shift fork being associated with forward gear change gear train is translated, described brake assemblies is responsible for causing the friction of the lock unit of the idler gear of described forward gear change gear train, (described reverse gear shift gear is more properly braked), so as to refer to engage reverse gear shift by shifting gears in the speed acting on reverse gear shift gear。

In order to trigger the friction of above-mentioned lock unit, change speed gear box includes internal control mechanism, described internal control mechanism includes control and refers to, described control refers to integrated with interlocking spanner and is responsible for the shifting block making the shift fork being associated with this lock unit and translates between resting position and moving position。When rubbing ends, this shift fork returns in resting position, and for select handle translatable the shift handle that connects rotate the purpose driven and promote the rotation referred to for shifting gears to drive, this forces reverse gear shift trigger to move the multi-joint balladeur train of reverse gear shift, and described multi-joint balladeur train is assembled into can translation on reversing gear shaft。This moves and promotes described multi-joint balladeur train to engage with the reverse gear shift gear of power shaft and output shaft, therefore promotes the joint of reverse gear shift。

Can correctly act on the shifting block of above-mentioned shift fork to make the control of internal control mechanism refer to, especially for make described control refer to can from this shifting block natural separation (or depart from) so that described shift fork can be made to return in resting position, described control refers to need to be that the angle of 45 ° tilts relative to the translation direction of this shift fork substantially, and this volume that seems prohibits more greatly and therefore the use that described control refers in the change speed gear box of some compact (or horizontal small volumes)。It addition, this configuration seems, up-to-date change speed gear boxes more inverted with reverse gear shift direction of engagement are incompatible。

Summary of the invention

Therefore the purpose of the present invention is in particular, in that improve described situation。

For this, invention particularly provides a kind of manual transmission, described change speed gear box is for being assemblied on means of transport and including: power shaft and output shaft, and described power shaft and output shaft are provided with the gear limiting change gear train；Shift fork, described shift fork is provided with shifting block and can be translated the friction-type lock unit being associated with some in described gear for startup；Shift handle, described shift handle is provided with the interlocking spanner that including shifts gears refers to, described gearshift refers to act on described shifting block and translates for the selectivity of promoted in described shift fork；And brake assemblies, when the shift fork making forward gear change gear train translates, described brake assemblies can result in the friction of the lock unit being associated with described forward gear change gear train, in the speed acting on reverse gear shift gear。

It is characterized in that:

In-described shift fork one includes bolt fastener, and described bolt fastener is assembled into rotatable and is provided with the holding part terminated by block, and

The control that-described shift handle is additionally included in described interlocking spanner refers to, described control refers to include Part I and Part II, and when described control refers to be translated during selecting the stage of reverse gear shift, described control refers to be placed in this holding part, then, when described control refers to be driven in rotation, described control refers to promote this block by Part I, translate between resting position and moving position for making shift fork, described moving position can make described brake assemblies run, the inner surface of described holding part drive described bolt fastener to rotate by making described Part II be resisted against simultaneously, separate from described block for making Part I, so as to make shift fork return to resting position, refer to effectively engage reverse gear shift thereby through described gearshift。

Due to this bolt fastener, the control of small volume can being used from now on to refer to, described control refers in a forced fashion with separated in the angle more than 45 ° relative to the translation direction of described shift fork。

Change speed gear box according to the present invention can include being separated or to combine the further feature adopted, especially:

-before the Part I controlling to refer to is driven in rotation, described Part I can be positioned to substantially vertical with the translation direction of the shift fork including described bolt fastener；

The Part I that-control refers to can include front surface and rear surface, described front surface can promote the inner surface of described block, described rear surface chamfering and can act on the outer surface of described block, promotes described shift fork to translate between centre position and resting position for after referring to effectively engage reverse gear shift by described gearshift；

-described holding part can be carried out gauge by the wall of the 3rd subdivision including the first subdivision of substantially flat, the second subdivision of inclination and substantially flat, described second subdivision makes described first subdivision extend and described bolt fastener can be driven in a controlled manner gradually to rotate by the Part II controlling to refer to, described 3rd subdivision makes described second subdivision extend and terminate at described stop location place；

The Part II that-control refers to can include the first subdivision and the second subdivision, and described first subdivision is essentially perpendicularly connected with described Part I, and described second subdivision is essentially perpendicularly connected with this first subdivision；

-described change speed gear box can include Elastic return members, described Elastic return members connects with the connection of described bolt fastener and with the shift fork including described bolt fastener, and described Elastic return members configures for automatically described bolt fastener being relocated to wait (or static) position when described control refers to no longer act on described bolt fastener；

-described bolt fastener can be assembled into and can rotate on the shift fork being associated with the 5th change gear train and the 6th change gear train；

-described control refers to can be include shifting gears the ingredient of the part referred to。

Present invention also offers a kind of means of transport, optionally motor driven type means of transport, described means of transport includes the manual transmission of the above-mentioned type。

Accompanying drawing explanation

By reading detailed description below and accompanying drawing (described accompanying drawing is obtained, and wherein there are lines and seems discontinuous feature) by CAO/DAO, other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from, in the accompanying drawings:

-Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the different perspective views of the embodiment of a part for the manual transmission according to the present invention,

-Fig. 3 diagrammatically illustrates the side view of a part for the change speed gear box of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,

-Fig. 4 diagrammatically illustrates the side view of a part of element of the change speed gear box of Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, especially the 3rd shift fork, described 3rd shift fork refers to bolt fastener and control, described bolt fastener is placed in resting position, described control refers to be placed in the holding part of described bolt fastener when the stage selecting reverse gear shift starts

-Fig. 5 diagrammatically illustrates including bolt fastener and controlling the side view being exaggerated of the middle body referred to of Fig. 4,

-Fig. 6 diagrammatically illustrates including bolt fastener and controlling the middle body that refers to and just make when the stage selecting reverse gear shift terminates described control refer to the side view being exaggerated before departing from of Fig. 4,

-Fig. 7 diagrammatically illustrates including bolt fastener and controlling the middle body that refers to and just close the side view being exaggerated after reverse gear shift at the finger that passes through to shift gears of Fig. 4, and

-Fig. 8 diagrammatically illustrates including bolt fastener and controlling the middle body that the refers to side view being exaggerated when the stage that shift handle returns initial position starts of Fig. 4。

Detailed description of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is in particular, in that provide a kind of manual transmission BV with asynchronous reverse gear shift, and described change speed gear box is for being assemblied in means of transport。

Hereinafter, as non-limiting example, it is believed that means of transport is motor driven type means of transport。Such as can relate to car。But the present invention is not restricted to the means of transport of the type。In fact the present invention relates to all means of transports in land or marine (or on river)。

Diagrammatically illustrating a part of the type hand change speed gear box BV with asynchronous reverse gear shift on Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, described change speed gear box is for connecting with internal combustion engine and/or connecting with the motor of means of transport via clutch。

Although change speed gear box is shown on Fig. 1 with local mode, described change speed gear box BV generally especially at least includes: power shaft AP, output shaft AS, the selection handle of reversing gear shaft ADMP and change gear train (or change-speed gearing) change lever LP connection, control shift fork Fj, reverse gear shift trigger AMR, friction-type lock unit, interlocking spanner CI and brake assemblies。

Power shaft AP constitutes the input of change speed gear box BV。Described power shaft is for receiving motor torque via clutch, and described power shaft includes multiple fixed gears and the idler gear of forward gear and reverse gear shift, the plurality of fixed gear and idler gear for participating in limiting the selectable change gear train (or change-speed gearing) of change speed gear box BV。

Output shaft AS constitutes the outfan of change speed gear box BV。Described output shaft is for receiving motor torque via power shaft AP, described motor torque to be passed to the power transmission shaft connect with described output shaft, and in fact described output shaft includes multiple fixed gears and the idler gear of forward gear and reverse gear shift, the plurality of fixed gear and idler gear are for engaging with some gears of described power shaft AP, in order to participate in limiting the selectable different change gear trains (or change-speed gearing) of change speed gear box BV。

As shown in Figure 2, trigger (or trigger) AMR of reverse gear shift is responsible for the mobile multi-joint balladeur train PB of reverse gear shift, described multi-joint balladeur train is assembled into and can translate on reversing gear shaft ADMR, engages for the reverse gear shift gear with power shaft AP and output shaft AS。By the gearshift being described below, described trigger refers to that DP starts。

Noticing that the gear wheel being positioned at the rightmost side on Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is differential mechanism ring gear, described differential mechanism ring gear is responsible for implementing the final speed reducing ratio between output shaft AS and actuating device, and described actuating device is contained in the center of described differential mechanism ring gear。

Each shift fork Fj is provided with shifting block Cj and can refer to that DP is translated for starting friction-type lock unit by the gearshift being arranged in interlocking spanner CI, and described friction-type lock unit is associated with described shift fork and also is associated with the idler gear being exclusively used at least one change gear train。In the shown change speed gear box BV example including six forward gear change gear trains and a reverse gear shift change gear train, use three shift fork F1 to F3 (j=1 to 3)。First shift fork F1 is exclusively used in first stud gear system and second stud gear system, and the second shift fork F2 is exclusively used in the 3rd change gear train and the 4th change gear train, and the 3rd shift fork F3 is exclusively used in the 5th change gear train and the 6th change gear train。But change speed gear box BV can include more than three shift forks or less than three of that shift fork。

Interlocking spanner CI is connected with gearshift (or joint) handle LP, and can not rotate relative to gear box casing translatablely。Shift handle LP is by means of selecting handle LS can translate (see Fig. 4) along arrow FD1, and described shift handle can be driven in rotation when engagement ratio gear system (or change-speed gearing)。

Interlocking spanner CI is responsible for acting on shifting block Cj, in order to the translation of the non-selected shift fork Fj of block。Described interlocking spanner includes two ribs on the lower surface, and said two rib is separated with selected distance each other, can house the prominent upper end of the shifting block Cj of shift fork Fj。When shift fork Fj is in resting position (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), the upper end of shifting block Cj contacts with the rib of the rightmost side substantially, therefore, when driving shift handle LP to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction, this shifting block Cj can be translatable to the right reach on moving position (as shown in Figure 6)。When shift fork Fj is on moving position (as shown on Fig. 6), when shift handle LP rotates in a clockwise direction, shifting block Cj can be translatable to return in resting position (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5) to the left。

Brake assemblies is responsible for work when shift handle LP causes the 3rd shift fork F3 translation being associated with at least one forward gear change gear train。More properly, often when that happens, the friction of this brake assemblies and the lock unit causing idler gear that forward gear change gear train is associated, described forward gear change gear train is associated with the shift fork Fj being translated, to act in the speed of reverse gear shift gear (more properly to brake described reverse gear shift gear) such that it is able to refer to that DP effect on reverse gear shift trigger (or trigger) AMR engages described reverse gear shift by shifting gears。

Hereinafter, as non-limiting example, it is believed that the translation of (herein with the 5th change gear train and what the 6th change gear train was associated) the 3rd shift fork F3 promotes the intervention of brake assemblies。But the 3rd shift fork may also refer to another shift fork when the internal structure controlling device allows。

According to the present invention, as shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 8, change speed gear box BV also includes internal control mechanism, shown internal control mechanism includes bolt fastener LF and control refers to DC, described bolt fastener and control refer to for interacting in the stage selecting reverse gear shift, to promote the braking by lock unit of the reverse gear shift gear of output shaft AS, described lock unit is associated with brake assemblies and (herein) is associated with the 3rd shift fork F3。

As shown on Fig. 4 to Fig. 8, bolt fastener LF be assembled into can wherein shift fork Fj, the shift fork being more properly responsible for promoting brake assemblies to get involved rotates。Therefore bolt fastener described herein is assembled into and can rotate on the side surface of the 3rd shift fork F3。

This bolt fastener LF is provided with the holding part LL terminated by block BL。

Control to refer to that DC is arranged in interlocking spanner CI and is connected regularly with shift handle LP。Such as, described control refers to can be included the ingredient that gearshift refers to the part of DP (being called " multifunction piece "), and described gearshift refers to be responsible for conversion speed。But in modification, described control refers to can be the ingredient of the part different from the part referring to DP that includes shifting gears。

When controlling to refer to that DC and shift handle LP is translated along arrow FD1 (as shown in Figure 3) during selecting the stage of reverse gear shift, this control refers to act on bolt fastener LF so that shift fork (herein F3) translates between resting position (as shown on Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) and moving position (as shown on Fig. 6)。This moving position is for forcing with the shift fork F3 lock unit being associated to brake the reverse gear shift gear of output shaft AS, until controlling to refer to that DC fails on bolt fastener LF (see Fig. 7), so that shift fork F3 can be made to return (first returning) to centre position to resting position herein, then can effectively engage reverse gear shift。

For this, control refers to that DC includes Part I P1 and Part II P2, described Part I and Part II configuration and is used for when described control refers to that DC is contained in the holding part LL of bolt fastener LF when the stage selecting reverse gear shift is translated by shift handle LP。

Control refer to DC Part I P1 configuration for when control refer to DC (after it is placed in holding part LL) select reverse gear shift stage during be driven in rotation by shift handle LP time (herein to the right) promotion block BL。It is applied to this promotion on block BL for making the 3rd shift fork F3 translate (described moving position is used for making brake assemblies run) between resting position and moving position。

Controlling to refer to that the Part II P2 of DC drives bolt fastener LF to rotate for passing through to be resisted against on the inner surface of holding part LL, Part I P1 makes the 3rd shift fork F3 translate by promotion on block BL simultaneously。This rotation drives for making Part I P1 separate from block BL when the 3rd shift fork F3 arrives moving position (can act on the lock unit being associated), so that the 3rd shift fork F3 can be made to return to resting position, refer to that DP effectively engages reverse gear shift thereby through gearshift。

Especially for control can be made to refer to, DC is integrated with compact change speed gear box, particularly advantageously, the situation of the non-limiting example as shown on Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, before the Part I P1 referred in described control is driven in rotation, the translation direction of described Part I and the 3rd shift fork F3 is substantially vertical。

It addition, additionally advantageously, controlling to refer to that the Part II P2 of DC includes the first subdivision and the second subdivision, described first subdivision is essentially perpendicularly connected with Part I P1, and described second subdivision is essentially perpendicularly connected with this first subdivision。

Notice when (along arrow FD1) is translated towards shift fork F3 the spanner CI that interlocks by shift handle LP, control to refer in the holding part LL that DC arrives bolt fastener LF。Then, when shift handle LP is driven in rotation during selecting reverse gear shift, which results in and the rotation controlling to refer to DC is driven。Therefore control to refer to that the Part I P1 of DC will press against on the inner surface of the holding part LL of bolt fastener LF, promote the rotation for described bolt fastener LF (or swing) to drive simultaneously and therefore promote the reduction of position of block BL。Meanwhile, control to refer to that the Part II P2 of DC promotes to the right block BL, therefore cause the 3rd shift fork F3 to right translation until moving position。Rotation driving for shift handle LP proceeds, and is positioned at arrive block BL in a certain moment (see Fig. 6) below Part I P1。Therefore 3rd shift fork F3 can return to centre position, on described centre position, described 3rd shift fork no longer acts on the lock unit being associated, therefore the gearshift continuing through shift handle LP and be driven in rotation refers to that DP can act on reverse gear shift trigger AMP, to promote the joint of reverse gear shift。

Situation such as shown example non-limiting on Fig. 4 to Fig. 8, notice the return towards centre position can cause or the 3rd shift fork F3 be assembled into can translation under the effect of (such as being produced by spring or laminated spring) restoring force, or control to refer to the DC new effect on bolt fastener LF。

As shown in the figure, this second hypothesis needs the holding part LL of bolt fastener LF to be carried out gauge by the wall of the 3rd subdivision SP3 including the first subdivision SP1 (being positioned at left side) of substantially flat, the second subdivision SP2 tilted and substantially flat herein, described second subdivision makes described first subdivision SP1 extend and can pass through to control to refer to that the Part II P2 of DC drives described bolt fastener LF to rotate in a controlled manner gradually, and described 3rd subdivision makes described second subdivision SP2 extend and terminate in block BL position。According to making control refer to, the Part I P1 of the DC distance separated from the second subdivision controlling to refer to the Part II P2 of DC selects the length of the 3rd subdivision SP3。3rd subdivision SP3 a priori be used as control refer to DC Part II P2 be pressed against region。

In this case, control to refer to that second subdivision of the Part II P2 of DC extends on the height that the height of the Part I P1 referring to DC than described control is little, in order to consider the interval between the first subdivision SP1 and the three subdivision SP3 of the substantially flat of the wall of bound bolt fastener LF holding part LL。

As shown in non-limiting on Fig. 4 to Fig. 8, this embodiment of bolt fastener LF can advantageously combine with Elastic return members MR, described Elastic return members and bolt fastener LF and connect with the 3rd shift fork F3, and the configuration of described Elastic return members is for referring to, when DC no longer acts on bolt fastener LF, bolt fastener LF relocates to wait (again vertical) position automatically when control。Notice when there is this Elastic return members MR, as shown in the figure, preferably, 3rd shift fork F3 includes protuberance BB, and described protuberance defines when bolt fastener LF arrives on static (or wait) position as shown on Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 for the card retaining bolt fastener LF block BL rotated。

In this case, when controlling to refer to that DC is driven in rotation, Part II P2 is pressed against on the first subdivision SP1 of substantially flat, and this makes bolt fastener LF swing, the block BL of simultaneously Part I P1 promotion bolt fastener LF, and this makes the 3rd shift fork F3 to right translation。Then, when block BL is positioned at the lower section of Part I P1, control to refer to that the DC purpose rotated promotes the Part II P2 controlling to refer to DC to be pressed against on the second subdivision SP2 of inclination for driving。This promotes the controlled translation gradually of bolt fastener LF, and therefore promotes the 3rd shift fork F3 to the left with therefore to the translation in the centre position of described 3rd shift fork F3。In this stage, the direction of rotation of shift handle LP is squeezed, this is because by shifting gears, reverse gear shift refers to that the effect of DP is effectively engaged。Therefore, controlling the Part II P2 referring to DC by the second subdivision SP2 being again pressed against inclination, this has promoted the controlled new swing gradually of bolt fastener LF, and this swing refers to below the position of Part I P1 of DC for described block can be reduced to control。Control to refer to the DC purpose rotated therefore, it is possible to control to be referred to the Part I P1 of DC relocates in the holding part LL of bolt fastener LF (upstream at block BL) for driving, and control can be made to refer to, and the Part II P2 of DC is pressed against on the second subdivision SP2 of inclination, therefore, it is possible to make bolt fastener LF controlled translation gradually, therefore, it is possible to make the 3rd shift fork F3 translate (therefore to the resting position of described 3rd shift fork F3) to the left。When for controlling to refer to that the rotation of DC drives end, control to refer to that the Part II P2 of DC is positioned on the first subdivision SP1。

In order to help the Part II P2 controlling to refer to DC to act on bolt fastener LF (to drive described bolt fastener rotate and make described bolt fastener translate by the 3rd shift fork F3), control to refer to that the part P1 of DC can advantageously comprise front surface FVD and rear surface FRD, described front surface can promote the inner surface FIB of block BL, described rear surface chamfering and can acting on the outer surface FEB of block BL。Can be substantially parallel with the inner surface FIB of block BL to promote described block in the best way when front surface FVD is initial。Rear surface FRD chamfering to be pressed against on block BL in a continuous manner to participate in the swing of bolt fastener LF, thus control to refer to after effectively engaging reverse gear shift can to make when the rotation of DC is squeezed Part I P1 from this block BL above through。

Such as, can between about 30 ° to about 60 ° when the FRD gradient relative to translation direction FD2 in rear surface is initial。

It is also noted that, in order to reduce the friction controlling to refer between the Part I P1 of DC and the block BL of bolt fastener LF and therefore improve driving vehicle condition, it is preferable that at least (for leaning on (or being used for promoting described block) with block BL phase) front portion of Part I P1 is provided with roller (or like)。

Internal control mechanism described above (bolt fastener/control refers to) has multiple advantage。It is true that described internal control organization volume is less and not expensive, and it is applicable to the many types of internal control device of commonly used change speed gear box。Being additionally, since by the degree of accuracy adjusting offer easily controlling to refer to the detachment point relative to bolt fastener block, described internal control mechanism can improve the braking function of reverse gear shift。Additionally, described internal control mechanism can enduringly in the power that the upper applying of reverse gear shift trigger (or trigger) is bigger。

Claims

1. a manual transmission (BV), it is for being assemblied on means of transport and including: power shaft (AP) and output shaft (AS), and described power shaft and output shaft are provided with the gear limiting change gear train；Shift fork (Fj), described shift fork is provided with shifting block (Cj) and can be translated the friction-type lock unit being associated with some in described gear for startup；Shift handle (LP), described shift handle is provided with and includes gearshift and refer to the interlocking spanner (CI) of (DP), and described gearshift refers to act on described shifting block (Cj) and translates for the selectivity of promoted in described shift fork (Fj)；And brake assemblies, when the shift fork (F3) making forward gear change gear train translates, described brake assemblies can result in the friction of the lock unit being associated with described forward gear change gear train, for in the speed acting on reverse gear shift gear, it is characterized in that, in described shift fork (Fj) one includes bolt fastener (LF), described bolt fastener is assembled into rotatable and is provided with the holding part (LL) terminated by block (BL), and the control that described shift handle (LP) is additionally included in described interlocking spanner (CI) refers to (DC), described control refers to include Part I (P1) and Part II (P2), and when described control refers to that (DC) is translated during selecting the stage of reverse gear shift, described control refers to be placed in described holding part (LL), then, when described control refers to be driven in rotation, described control refers to promote described block (BL) by Part I (P1), translate between resting position and moving position for making shift fork (F3), described moving position can make described brake assemblies run, the inner surface of described holding part (LL) drive described bolt fastener (LF) to rotate by making described Part II (P2) be resisted against simultaneously, separate from described block (BL) for making Part I (P1), so as to make shift fork (F3) return to resting position, refer to that (DP) effectively engages reverse gear shift thereby through described gearshift。

2. change speed gear box according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, before controlling to refer to that the described Part I (P1) of (DC) is driven in rotation, described Part I is positioned to substantially vertical with the translation direction of the shift fork (F3) including described bolt fastener (LF)。

3. change speed gear box according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, control to refer to that the described Part I (P1) of (DC) includes front surface (FVD) and rear surface (FRD), described front surface can promote the inner surface (FIB) of described block, described rear surface chamfering and can act on the outer surface (FEB) of described block (BL), for referring to that by described gearshift (DP) promotes shift fork (F3) to translate between centre position and resting position after effectively engaging reverse gear shift。

4. change speed gear box according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, described holding part (LL) is by the first subdivision (SP1) including substantially flat, the second subdivision (SP2) tilted and the wall of the 3rd subdivision (SP3) of substantially flat carry out gauge, described second subdivision makes described first subdivision (SP1) extend and can be referred to by control that the described Part II (P2) of (DC) drives described bolt fastener (LF) to rotate in a controlled manner gradually, described 3rd subdivision makes described second subdivision (SP2) extend and terminates in described block (BL) position。

5. change speed gear box according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, control to refer to that the described Part II (P2) of (DC) includes the first subdivision and the second subdivision, described first subdivision is essentially perpendicularly connected with described Part I (P1), and described second subdivision is essentially perpendicularly connected with described first subdivision。

6. change speed gear box according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, described change speed gear box includes Elastic return members (MR), described Elastic return members and described bolt fastener (LF) connection and connecting with the described shift fork (F3) including described bolt fastener (LF), and the configuration of described Elastic return members for when described control refer to (DC) no longer act on described bolt fastener (LF) upper time automatically described bolt fastener (LF) is relocated to holding fix。

7. change speed gear box according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that described bolt fastener (LF) is assembled into can in the upper rotation of the shift fork (F3) being associated with the 5th change gear train and the 6th change gear train。

8. change speed gear box according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that described control refers to that (DC) is the ingredient including the part that described gearshift refers to (DP)。

9. a means of transport, it is characterised in that described means of transport includes the change speed gear box (BV) according to any one of the claims。

10. means of transport according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described means of transport is motor driven type。