CN105699243B - Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system - Google Patents
Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105699243B CN105699243B CN201610141968.5A CN201610141968A CN105699243B CN 105699243 B CN105699243 B CN 105699243B CN 201610141968 A CN201610141968 A CN 201610141968A CN 105699243 B CN105699243 B CN 105699243B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system, it is characterised in that：Including mechanical composition part, Internet of Things nucleus module, data transmission module, data detection module and long-range upper computer module；Field data can remotely be obtained by realizing；Being obtained using laminate sensor influences the environmental information of plant growth different soils depth, and the data of acquisition are accurately and reliably；The data of acquisition are stored in database, facilitate the analysis of follow-up data；It is capable of the fertilizer consumption of periodic measurement crop different depth root system, facilitates liquid manure to study.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to modern agricultural technology and Internet of Things crossing domain, is Internet of Things information technology and modern agricultural technology
Combination, more particularly to a kind of Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system.
Background technology
The Integration of Water into Fertilizer is a key factor of modern intensive Irrigation farming, especially in such a agriculture of China
State of sparetime university, on the one hand it is the contradictory requirements Developing Water-saving Agriculture of the huge and water resource deficiency of Water Consumption in Agriculture, measures crop
Moisture evaporation, water consumption is studied, to improve agriculturally to the producing level of water resource, to water-saving significant；
On the other hand it is that China is used as chemical fertilizer consumption big country, Land Units area dose is at the forefront in the world, and excessive for chemical fertilizer makes
With with production caused by the deterioration of the ecological environment, it is necessary to invent efficient fertilizer, with reference to above-mentioned 2 points, the research pair of water-fertilizer integral
In promoting, China's agricultural and economic development are significant.
Lysimeter is usually the important instrument for studying crop water consumption rule.Lysimeter is embedded in natural soil, and
Its moisture is regulated and controled effectively to simulate actual Evapotranspiration Processes, in the change by weighing, so that it may obtain evapotranspiration.
This method is maximally efficient and economic measurement method in field evapotranspiration research.In existing lysimeter apparatus and method,
The stability of system is bad, and the precision of test is not high, it is impossible to the Law of Water Consumption of the local plant of reflection well；In current skill
It is few in art scheme to be combined together lysimeter and water-fertilizer integral research, so needing to study a kind of new lysimeter
System, integrate high-precision sensor, high-precision A/D switch technologies and mechanics of communication, apply to lysimeter TT＆C system
In, the measuring accuracy of system is improved, makes it reliable and stable work, and liquid manure Expenditure Levels can be conveniently studied, with full
The current demand of foot.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the invention provides a kind of Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system, the system pin
, stability poor the problem of low to domestic existing precision, on the basis of traditional lysimeter measuring method, modern Internet of Things skill is incorporated
Art, a kind of novel high-precision electronic weighing type lysimeter of research is put forth effort on, measuring accuracy, stability are improved, so as to more preferable
Ground meets the needs of user, and field data can remotely be obtained by realizing；Being obtained using laminate sensor influences plant growth difference
The environmental information of depth of soil, the data of acquisition are accurately and reliably；The data of acquisition are stored in database, facilitate point of follow-up data
Analysis；It is capable of the fertilizer consumption of periodic measurement crop different depth root system, facilitates liquid manure to study.
Technical scheme is used by the present invention solves the above problems：
A kind of Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system, including mechanical composition part, Internet of Things nucleus module, number
According to transport module, data detection module and long-range upper computer module；
Described mechanical composition part includes Master cylinder body, and Master cylinder body upper end is provided with water valve, and lower end senses provided with cylinder pressure
Device, at least three protruded tubes connected with Master cylinder body are provided with from top to bottom along Master cylinder body in the side wall of Master cylinder body, protruded tube
Lower end is provided with container, and the lower end of container is provided with container pressure sensor；Sensor installation branch corresponding to being inserted with Master cylinder body
Frame, has sensor on mounting frame for sensor；The number of mounting frame for sensor is corresponding with the number of protruded tube, and sensor
Depth of the mounting bracket bottom apart from Master cylinder body upper surface is identical with depth of the corresponding protruded tube apart from Master cylinder body upper surface；
Master cylinder body inwall is provided with indent annulus, and the number of indent annulus is corresponding with protruded tube number, each protruded tube pair
There should be an indent annulus, interior annular is correspondingly provided with each indent annulus, interior annular is elastomeric material, and has fracture,
The outside of interior annular is provided with the annular chamber of an evagination, and the height of annular chamber is less than interior annular, and the thickness of annular chamber is less than interior
The thickness of recessed annulus, the outer wall of annular chamber are provided with a tap hole corresponding with protruded tube；
Cylinder pressure sensor main will be responsible for measuring the change of master cylinder body weight；Container is responsible for periodically receiving by protruded tube stream
The liquid manure gone out, container pressure sensor are responsible for measuring the weight that container is held；Mounting frame for sensor is responsible for the biography of different depth
The laying of sensor；Mounting frame for sensor is provided with soil moisture detection sensor, soil tension force detection sensor；
Described Internet of Things nucleus module includes central processing unit, and power module, clock electricity are connected with central processing unit
Road, reset circuit, signaling conversion circuit and screen display unit；On the one hand Internet of Things nucleus module is responsible for what host computer was sent
Instruction is parsed, and requires that gathered data and the data collected according to the agreement of agreement to host computer transmission are believed according to instruction
Breath, on the other hand it is responsible for completing by screen display unit and the interaction of user, ambient parameter information can be displayed on screen,
Also screen can be manually controlled to obtain the ambient parameter information and input crop liquid manure consumption at scene in real time；
Described data detection module includes data acquisition unit, soil moisture detection sensor, soil tension force detection biography
Sensor, cylinder pressure sensor；
Described data acquisition unit includes A/D change-over circuits and signal conditioning circuit, and A/D change-over circuits are mainly responsible for will
Sensor die analog quantity is converted into digital quantity；Signal conditioning circuit is mainly responsible for the filtering and conversion of signal, and RS485 signals are changed
For TTL signal, ensure that the stabilization of signal is accurate；
Described data transmission module includes GPRS DTU, main to be responsible between Internet of Things nucleus module and upper computer module
Communication；
Described long-range upper computer module includes data processing upper computer software, database and data analysis display platform,
Long-range upper computer module is responsible for the transmission of acquisition instructions and the storage of data is shown；Gathered when data processing upper computer software is sent
After instruction, data acquisition module carries out data acquisition under the control of Internet of Things nucleus module, and Internet of Things nucleus module will afterwards
The data encapsulation collected uploads；Data processing upper computer software stores to database, data analysis exhibition after receiving the data
Show that platform reads data display in database.
Preferably, A/D change-over circuits use the A/D of 24 using system, and range is 000000 ~ FFFFFF, input
Between -1V ~+1V；Significance bit is 23, and range reduces half, is C0 00 00 ~ FF FF FF and 00 00 00 ~ 3F
FF FF, as input -1V, corresponding digital quantity is C00000, and as input+1V, corresponding digital quantity is 3FFFFF.
Preferably, described protruded tube is provided with three, and mounting frame for sensor is provided with three.
Measuring method is oozed using the steaming of Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter：
Modeling：
Bottom is selected to be provided with a pressure sensor in Master cylinder body outer wall bottom lower end without the Master cylinder body of open-work；
At least three through holes are opened up in the side wall of Master cylinder body, above-mentioned at least three through hole is setting up and down, on each through hole
It is connected with a corresponding protruded tube and make it that the end of protruded tube is downward；
The embedded elastic interior annular on the indent annulus of the inwall of Master cylinder body, and annular chamber is corresponded to the recessed of indent annulus
In groove；And the tap hole of interior annular is corresponded to the through hole of Master cylinder body；
Dress compost is buried in Master cylinder body；
A mounting frame for sensor is provided with the corresponding position of each protruded tube, and in mounting frame for sensor interpolation
Provided with sensor；
A container is provided with the lower end of protruded tube, container accepts the liquid of outflow in protruded tube, and is provided with container
One container pressure sensor；
In the top of Master cylinder body, one water valve is set；
Measurement：
A, water valve is opened, the water filling fertilizer into Master cylinder body；
B, the change of the cylinder pressure sensor record pressure of the interior lower section of Master cylinder body, so as to be converted to according to the change of pressure
The quality of water filling fertilizer；And the change of pressure is recorded in real time, and uploaded and recorded by Internet of Things；
C, excessive liquid manure is flowed out by protruded tube, container pressure sensor record influx, and is uploaded by Internet of Things
Record；Draw and penetrate into time, infiltration capacity；
D, after container pressure sensor no longer changes, continue to record the change of cylinder pressure sensor, can by change
Liquid manure steaming amount is flowed out to calculate；
E, signal is sent by the sensor being arranged in mounting frame for sensor, and signal is transmitted by Internet of Things.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are shown：
（1）The present invention can effectively improve water-fertilizer integral Efficiency, facilitate periodic measurement crop water and fertilizer to consume
Situation, the liquid manure consumption of crop root different depth can be measured；
（2）The present invention has precision high, automation collection uploads data, stabilization etc. relative to traditional lysimeter equipment
Feature, utilize the wireless network transmissions ability of GPRS module, it is possible to achieve the long-range function of checking field data, while by data
Database is stored into by remote server, manpower is saved, reduces human error, improve system accuracy, while data are deposited
Storage facilitates follow-up data analysis to server database；
（3）The present invention has soil moisture content detection module, ground pressure detection module, soil moisture detection module, detection
Multiple environmental factors for influenceing plant growths, after surveyed data are carried out into finishing analysis, to analyzing crop growing state or yield
Influence with growing environment provides data and supported.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system mechanical composition block diagram；
Fig. 2 is Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system theory diagram；；
Fig. 3 is interior annular structural representation；
Fig. 4 is the part sectioned view of interior annular.
Embodiment
Following correlation technique contents do not addressed can use or use for reference prior art.
As shown in figure 1,1, cylinder pressure sensor；2, container pressure sensor；3, Master cylinder body；4, container；5,40cm stretch
Outlet pipe;6,60cm protruded tubes；7,80cm protruded tubes；8, water valve；9,40cm mounting frame for sensor；10,60cm sensors are installed
Support；11,80cm mounting frame for sensor.
A kind of Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system, including mechanical composition part, Internet of Things nucleus module, number
According to transport module, data detection module and long-range upper computer module.
Wherein：
Described mechanical composition part includes Master cylinder body 3, and Master cylinder body upper end is provided with water valve 8, and lower end passes provided with cylinder pressure
Sensor 1, at least three protruded tubes connected with Master cylinder body, this reality are provided with from top to bottom along Master cylinder body in the side wall of Master cylinder body 3
The protruded tube for applying example is provided with three：40cm protruded tubes 5,60cm protruded tubes 6；80cm protruded tubes 7；
The lower end of protruded tube is provided with container 4, and the lower end of container 4 is provided with container pressure sensor 2；It is inserted with Master cylinder body
Corresponding mounting frame for sensor, the mounting frame for sensor of the present embodiment are provided with three：40cm mounting frame for sensor 9；
60cm mounting frame for sensor 10；80cm mounting frame for sensor 11.
Has sensor on mounting frame for sensor；The number of mounting frame for sensor is corresponding with the number of protruded tube, and
Depth depth phase with corresponding protruded tube apart from Master cylinder body upper surface of the mounting frame for sensor bottom apart from Master cylinder body upper surface
Together.
Master cylinder body inwall is provided with the annulus of indent, and the number of indent annulus is corresponding with telescoping tube number, each telescoping tube
An indent annulus is corresponding with, interior annular 12 is correspondingly provided with each indent annulus, interior annular 12 is elastomeric material, and is had
Fracture, the outside of interior annular are provided with the annular chamber of an evagination, and the height of annular chamber is less than interior annular, and the thickness of annular chamber is small
In the thickness of indent annulus, the outer wall of annular chamber is provided with a tap hole corresponding with protruded tube；
Cylinder pressure sensor main will be responsible for measuring the change of master cylinder body weight；Container is responsible for periodically receiving to be stretched out by Xcm
The liquid manure of pipe outflow, container pressure sensor are responsible for measuring the weight that container is held；Xcm mounting frame for sensor is responsible for different depths
The laying of the sensor of degree.
In use, Master cylinder body weight change is measured transmission by data detection module in real time；System at regular intervals reminds user to open
The liquid manure of water valve timing receipt Xcm protruded tubes outflow, user obtain gravimetric value in container by interactive screen；User can measure
In container then the content of fertilizer is input to system to calculate the uptake of crop root different depth fertilizer by interactive screen
It is interior.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system, including Internet of Things nucleus module, data
Transport module, data detection module and long-range upper computer module.
Described Internet of Things nucleus module includes central processing unit, the power module being connected with central processing unit, clock electricity
Road, reset circuit, signaling conversion circuit and screen display unit.On the one hand Internet of Things nucleus module is responsible for what host computer was sent
Instruction is parsed, and requires that gathered data and the data collected according to the agreement of agreement to host computer transmission are believed according to instruction
Breath, on the other hand it is responsible for completing by screen display unit and the interaction of user, ambient parameter information can be displayed on screen,
Also screen can be manually controlled to obtain the ambient parameter information at scene in real time；Central processing unit plate uses processor
MSP430F5438A, include the peripheral modules such as flash memory, clock circuit, timer module circuit.Central processing unit and number
It is connected according to transport module, when signal transmission module receives the command signal that long-range host computer is sent, this command signal is passed through
Signal conversion module is respectively transmitted to be responded to central processing unit, central processing unit according to the particular content of order.Screen shows
Show that unit uses Jinpeng C series color screens, carry out information exchange with central processing unit by interrupting communication modes, realize real-time display
The soil moisture, soil moisture, the ground pressure of collection.This unit is connected with central microprocessor, and this type color screen has operation
Simply, it is powerful, transmit the advantages that data are accurate, and speed is fast.
Data detection module as shown in Figure 3 includes data acquisition unit, soil moisture detection sensor, the inspection of soil tension force
Survey sensor, cylinder pressure sensor.Described data acquisition unit includes A/D change-over circuits and signal conditioning circuit, and A/D turns
Circuit is changed mainly to be responsible for sensor die analog quantity being converted into digital quantity；Signal conditioning circuit is as shown in figure 4, be mainly responsible for signal
Filtering and conversion, are converted to TTL signal by RS485 signals, ensure that the stabilization of signal is accurate；
To improve system acquisition precision, A/D change-over circuits use FS511 modules, and system is from 12V power supplys to sensor
Power supply, signal output be 2mV/V during due to sensor full scale, then sensor output signal range is 0~24mV, and this compares
A/D reference voltage is much smaller, in order to improve conversion accuracy, signal should be amplified by operational amplifier, makes its voltage
Approached with A/D reference voltage（ Vref=VRH-VRL）.
System uses 24（AD[23：0]）A/D, theoretical range is 000000 ~ FFFFFF, is inputted as -1V ~+1V
Between.Because the 23rd is sign bit, so significance bit is 23, range reduces half, is 00 00 ~ FF of C0 FF
FF and 00 00 00 ~ 3F FF FF, as input -1V, corresponding digital quantity is C00000, and as input+1V, corresponding digital quantity is
3FFFFF.Therefore FS511 reference voltage need to be arranged to 1.2V, fully uses A/D range, could turn in high precision
Change, improve the measurement accuracy of system.
Long-range upper computer module includes data processing upper computer software, database and data analysis display platform, is responsible for adopting
Collect the transmission of instruction and the storage of data is shown.After data processing upper computer software sends acquisition instructions, data acquisition module
Data acquisition is carried out under the control of Internet of Things nucleus module, Internet of Things nucleus module is by the data collected encapsulation afterwards
Pass；Data processing upper computer software is stored to database, data analysis display platform and read in database after receiving the data
Take data display.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to the structure of the present invention
Think and scope is defined.On the premise of design concept of the present invention is not departed from, technology of the ordinary people in the field to the present invention
The all variations and modifications that scheme is made, all should drop into protection scope of the present invention, the claimed technology contents of the present invention,
All record in detail in the claims.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system, it is characterised in that：Including mechanical composition part, Internet of Things core Core module, data transmission module, data detection module and long-range upper computer module；Described mechanical composition part includes Master cylinder body, and Master cylinder body upper end is provided with water valve, and lower end is provided with cylinder pressure sensor, At least three protruded tubes connected with Master cylinder body are provided with from top to bottom along Master cylinder body in the side wall of Master cylinder body, and the lower end of protruded tube is set There is container, the lower end of container is provided with container pressure sensor；Corresponding mounting frame for sensor is inserted with Master cylinder body, is sensed Has sensor in device mounting bracket；The number of mounting frame for sensor is corresponding with the number of protruded tube, and sensor installation branch Depth of the frame bottom apart from Master cylinder body upper surface is identical with depth of the corresponding protruded tube apart from Master cylinder body upper surface；Master cylinder body inwall is provided with indent annulus, and the number of indent annulus is corresponding with protruded tube number, and each protruded tube is corresponding with One indent annulus, interior annular is correspondingly provided with each indent annulus, interior annular is elastomeric material, and has fracture, inner circle The outside of ring is provided with the annular chamber of an evagination, and the height of annular chamber is less than interior annular, and the thickness of annular chamber is justified less than indent The thickness of ring, the outer wall of annular chamber are provided with a tap hole corresponding with protruded tube；Cylinder pressure sensor main will be responsible for measuring the change of master cylinder body weight；Container is responsible for periodically receiving by protruded tube outflow Liquid manure, container pressure sensor are responsible for measuring the weight that container is held；Mounting frame for sensor is responsible for the sensor of different depth Laying；Mounting frame for sensor is provided with soil moisture detection sensor, soil tension force detection sensor；Described Internet of Things nucleus module includes central processing unit, is connected with power module, clock circuit with central processing unit, answers Position circuit, signaling conversion circuit and screen display unit；On the one hand Internet of Things nucleus module is responsible for the instruction sent to host computer Parsed, gathered data and the data message collected according to the agreement of agreement to host computer transmission are required according to instruction, separately On the one hand it is responsible for completing by screen display unit and the interaction of user, ambient parameter information can be displayed on screen, also may be used Manually control screen obtains the ambient parameter information and input crop liquid manure consumption at scene in real time；Described data detection module include data acquisition unit, soil moisture detection sensor, soil tension force detection sensor, Cylinder pressure sensor；Described data acquisition unit includes A/D change-over circuits and signal conditioning circuit, and A/D change-over circuits are mainly responsible for will sensing Device analog quantity is converted into digital quantity；Signal conditioning circuit is mainly responsible for the filtering and conversion of signal, and RS485 signals are converted to TTL signal, ensure that the stabilization of signal is accurate；Described data transmission module includes GPRS DTU, main to be responsible for leading between Internet of Things nucleus module and upper computer module Letter；Described long-range upper computer module includes data processing upper computer software, database and data analysis display platform, remotely Upper computer module is responsible for the transmission of acquisition instructions and the storage of data is shown；When data processing upper computer software sends acquisition instructions Afterwards, data acquisition module carries out data acquisition under the control of Internet of Things nucleus module, and Internet of Things nucleus module will gather afterwards The data encapsulation arrived uploads；Data processing upper computer software stores flat to database, data analysis displaying after receiving the data Platform reads data display in database.
- 2. Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described stretching Pipe is provided with three, and mounting frame for sensor is provided with three.
- 3. steamed using Internet of Things water-fertilizer integral lysimeter and ooze measuring method, it is characterised in that：Modeling：Bottom is selected to be provided with a pressure sensor in Master cylinder body outer wall bottom lower end without the Master cylinder body of open-work；At least three through holes are opened up in the side wall of Master cylinder body, above-mentioned at least three through hole is setting up and down, is connected on each through hole There is a corresponding protruded tube and make it that the end of protruded tube is downward；The embedded elastic interior annular on the indent annulus of the inwall of Master cylinder body, and annular chamber is corresponded to the groove of indent annulus It is interior；And the tap hole of interior annular is corresponded to the through hole of Master cylinder body；Dress compost is buried in Master cylinder body；A mounting frame for sensor is provided with the corresponding position of each protruded tube, and is inserted with mounting frame for sensor Sensor；A container is provided with the lower end of protruded tube, container accepts the liquid of outflow in protruded tube, and one is provided with container Container pressure sensor；In the top of Master cylinder body, one water valve is set；Measurement：A, water valve is opened, the water filling fertilizer into Master cylinder body；B, the change of the cylinder pressure sensor record pressure of the interior lower section of Master cylinder body, so as to be converted to water filling according to the change of pressure The quality of fertilizer；And the change of pressure is recorded in real time, and uploaded and recorded by Internet of Things；C, excessive liquid manure is flowed out by protruded tube, container pressure sensor record influx, and is uploaded and recorded by Internet of Things； Draw and penetrate into time, infiltration capacity；D, after container pressure sensor no longer changes, continue to record the change of cylinder pressure sensor, can be counted by change Calculate outflow liquid manure steaming amount；E, signal is sent by the sensor being arranged in mounting frame for sensor, and signal is transmitted by Internet of Things.
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| CN201510662991 | 2015-10-15 | ||
| CN2015106629914 | 2015-10-15 |
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| CN105699243B true CN105699243B (en) | 2018-01-30 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106325177A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-01-11 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Embedded monitor for constant compensation of lysimeter underground water |
| CN109406761A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-01 | 西安清远测控技术有限公司 | It is straight to claim formula soil lysimeter system |
| CN112033848B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2023-07-25 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Detection management method and device for lysimeter and detection management equipment |
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