CN105698617A

CN105698617A - Electronic detonator controlled through detonation controller and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN105698617A
Application number: CN201610048362.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 娄文忠; 郭云龙; 卢宇飞; 刘鹏; 丁旭冉
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Priority date: 2016-01-25
Filing date: 2016-01-25
Publication date: 2016-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2036-01-25
Also published as: CN105698617B

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic detonator controlled through a detonation controller and a control method thereof. Instructions of the control process are designed one by one, so that strict control over the detonation process is achieved. Through the four checking processes of an encoding head and an end code, a check code, a serial number and a unique code, the safety of the electronic detonator which is a dangerous initiating explosive device is improved, and hidden danger caused by misoperation is greatly reduced. By using a special chip specially designed for the electronic detonator, the size and power consumption of the electronic detonator are substantially reduced, miniaturization of the electronic detonator is achieved, and the number of electronic detonators capable of being carried on the detonation controller is greatly increased. Through the special dormancy and awakening function design, the practical power consumption of the electronic detonator in the operation process is further reduced. Through clock calibration operation and an adjustable RC oscillating circuit, microsecond level accurate reckoning of detonation delay time is achieved under the condition that low cost is guaranteed.

Description

A kind of electric detonator controlled by initiation control device and control method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to priming system detonating technique, be specifically related to a kind of electric detonator controlled by initiation control device and control method thereof。

Background technology

Existing electric detonator initiation device is generally adopted series connection or the electric cap networking of connection in series-parallel combination。Connect thousands of electric detonator time, for ensureing that in network, all electric caps all can detonate simultaneously, electric detonator initiation device should be able to produce one moment to the electric current of several amperes, and this electric current otherwise can must produce to miss-fire more than the series connection safe firing current of every electric detonator, half phenomenon such as quick-fried。The resistance of single-shot electric cap is typically in one and arrives several ohms, it is therefore desirable to above-mentioned electric detonator initiation utensil has booster circuit, and is provided that the output voltage of kilovolt magnitude。Therefore, above-mentioned electric detonator initiation device has certain danger in use。Due to the drawbacks described above of electric cap and initiator thereof, electric detonator arises at the historic moment。

From last century the eighties, electric detonator concept one proposes, and multiple countries just expand competition at electric detonator and priming device field thereof in the world。Electric detonator, especially electric detonator, can realize the control to initiation process by logic control and two-way communication, it is prevented that illegally detonate。

But the general volume of control circuit of existing electric detonator is relatively big, wiring is complicated and device is various, and this reduces the reliability of electric detonator all to a certain extent。Conditional electronic detonator uses RC oscillating circuit as clock source to reduce cost and circuit volume, but this sacrifices the electric detonator accuracy of timekeeping to the time of delaying to a certain extent。On the other hand, the integrated level that existing electric detonator is relatively low, also make electric detonator that the processing speed of external command is relatively slow, and power consumption is higher, it reducing an electronic detonator initiating controller can the quantity of electric detonator of load。

Summary of the invention

For above problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of electric detonator being undertaken by initiation control device and detonating, it is achieved that electric detonator and initiation control device two-way communication, electronic detonator initiating process control, electronic detonator initiating time delay the function such as can be accurately controlled。

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of electric detonator controlled by initiation control device。

The electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present invention is included: power subsystem, communication unit, timing unit, initiating unit, memory element and control unit；Wherein, control unit is connected with communication unit, timing unit and memory element respectively by each interface, carries out information mutual；Power subsystem is respectively connecting to control unit, communication unit, timing unit and memory element by each interface, it is provided that running voltage；Communication unit is connected to initiation control device also by signal bus, it is achieved the two-way communication of initiation control device and electric detonator；

Power subsystem includes rectification circuit, power supply storage capacitor and decompression device；Wherein, first port of rectification circuit is connected to signal bus by signal bus interface, guarantee that the polarity of voltage of signal bus input electric detonator is stable, second port is respectively connecting to power supply storage capacitor, decompression device and initiating unit interface, provides input voltage for power supply storage capacitor, decompression device and initiating unit；3rd port is connected to communication unit by communication unit interface；One end of power supply storage capacitor connects rectification circuit, and the other end connects decompression device, when signal bus is in low-voltage state, provides input voltage for decompression device；First port of decompression device connects rectification circuit, when signal bus is in high-voltage state, input voltage is obtained from signal bus by rectification circuit, second port connects power supply storage capacitor, when signal bus is in low-voltage state, obtaining input voltage from the power supply storage capacitor of power subsystem, the 3rd port connects control unit, timing unit and memory element by running voltage output interface, provides running voltage for control unit, timing unit and memory element；

Communication unit includes sending manipulator and receiving demodulator；Wherein, the one end sending manipulator is connected with control unit, the feedback signal of reception control unit, and the other end is connected with signal bus by the rectification circuit of power subsystem, and the electric current of signal bus is modulated by the feedback signal according to control unit；The one end receiving demodulator is connected with signal bus by the rectification circuit of power subsystem, the voltage signal identifying and receiving on signal bus, and the other end is connected with control unit, and the command information after demodulation is sent to control unit；

Timing unit includes enumerator and clock source；Wherein, the first port of enumerator connects power subsystem, power subsystem provide running voltage, and the second port connects control unit, and clocking information is sent to control unit, and the 3rd port connects clock source, and clock source provides sprocket pulse for enumerator；

Initiating unit includes charge switch circuit, the storage capacitor that detonates, the on-off circuit that detonates, discharge switching circuit and electric spark workpiece；Wherein, first port of charge switch circuit connects the rectification circuit of power subsystem by power subsystem interface, second port connects and detonates storage capacitor, and the 3rd port connects control unit by control unit interface, the control signal of response control unit to storage capacitor charging of detonating；Detonate storage capacitor first port connect charge switch circuit, from signal bus, energy is obtained by charge switch circuit, second port connects the on-off circuit that detonates, the energy of storage capacitor of detonating passes to electric spark workpiece via the on-off circuit that detonates, 3rd port connects discharge switching circuit, and the energy of the storage capacitor that detonates is discharged by discharge switching circuit；The first port of on-off circuit of detonating connects and detonates storage capacitor, and the second port connects electric spark workpiece, and the 3rd port connects control unit by control unit interface, and the energy of the storage capacitor that detonates is passed to electric spark workpiece by the on-off circuit that controls to detonate by control unit；First port of discharge switching circuit picks up quick-fried storage capacitor, second port connect electric detonator ground wire, the 3rd port by control unit interface connect control unit, control unit by control discharge switching circuit will detonate storage capacitor internal energy discharge；Electric spark workpiece is connected with the on-off circuit that detonates, control unit by control detonate on-off circuit control electric spark workpiece effect；

One end of memory element connects power subsystem, power subsystem provide running voltage；The other end connects control unit, and the every terms of information of storage electric detonator, including No. ID, sequence number, priming network design time, the unique word of initiation control device, registered symbol position, clock alignment flag bit and the clock alignment control bit of dispatching from the factory of electric detonator；Wherein, dispatch from the factory the intrinsic coding that No. ID is electric detonator, sequence number is the temporary code that electric detonator is given by initiation control device in use, the priming network design time is the delayed data that electric detonator writes when time delay sets operation, the unique word of initiation control device is the coding of the current initiation control device of electric detonator identification, registered symbol position is for whether recorded electronic detonator completes registration operation, clock alignment flag bit is for whether recorded electronic detonator completes clock alignment operation, clock alignment control bit is for controlling the change of timing unit clock source frequency in clock alignment operation；

First port of control unit is connected with the running voltage output interface of power subsystem, power subsystem provide running voltage；Second port is connected with communication unit, carries out two-way communication by communication unit and initiation control device；3rd port is connected with timing unit, and electric detonator is opened timing unit after receiving fuze and carried out timing；4th port is connected with initiating unit, assigns charging, electric discharge and initiation control instruction to initiating unit；Fifth port is connected with memory element, and memory element is written and read operation。

The control unit of the present invention is the process chip being integrated in special chip。

Further object is that the control method that a kind of electric detonator controlled by initiation control device is provided。

The control method of the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present invention, is comprised the following steps:

1) one piece of electric detonator is accessed signal bus, it is achieved with the connection of outside initiation control device, and from signal bus, obtain energy, power supply storage capacitor automatically begins to charging, and power subsystem provides running voltage to control unit and memory element simultaneously；

2) electric detonator initializes after powering on, and control unit and memory element are opened, the reception demodulator of control unit open communication unit subsequently, and electric detonator enters and waits clock alignment state；

3) self clock is adjusted by electric detonator according to the pulse signal on signal bus, performs clock alignment operation, regulates clock alignment control bit, so that the clock matches of electric detonator and initiation control device, it is achieved proper communication function；

4) coomand mode to be received such as electric detonator entrance；

5) when control unit receives demodulated initiation control device instruction, first coding head and end code are proofreaded, it may be judged whether for effective instruction, if illegal command, instruction do not responded and return step 4)；If effective instruction, then use the checking algorithm identical with initiation control device to carry out verifying and proofreading with the check code in instruction, if check code differs, illustrate instruction transmitting procedure makes a mistake, instruction do not responded and return step 4)；If check code is identical, illustrate that instruction is correct, then enter step 6)；

6) command bits identification is carried out, then corresponding operation is performed according to the instruction of input, instruction includes clock alignment detection instruction, register instruction, communication check instruction, time delay sets instruction, charging instruction, fuze, electric discharge instruction, log-out instruction, wherein, clock alignment detection instruction and register instruction belong to the front instruction of registration, communication check instruction, time delay sets instruction, charging instruction, fuze, electric discharge instruction and log-out instruction belong to instruction after registration, operate corresponding with instruction includes clock alignment detection operation, registration operation, communication check operates, charging operations, detonate operation, discharge operation, nullify operation and read operation, wherein, clock alignment detection operation and registration operation belong to the front operation of registration, communication check operates, time delay sets operation, charging operations, detonate operation, discharge operation and cancellation operation operate after belonging to registration, if need not operate, enter step 7)；

7) electric detonator is pulled up from signal bus, if electric detonator is in normal operating conditions, properly should preserve after reclaiming；If electric detonator is in malfunction, appropriate method should be adopted after reclaiming to destroy。

In step 3) in, clock alignment operation, based on the mode of outside pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, comprises the following steps:

I. confirm that at least one piece of electric detonator is connected on signal bus；

Ii. clock alignment instruction assigned by initiation control device, the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal that time span is hundred Milliseconds is sent to electric detonator, the frequency of pwm signal is directly proportional to the target frequency of the clock source of electric detonator timing unit, the target frequency of electric detonator timing unit clock source is fixed value, therefore pwm signal frequency is also definite value, and the dutycycle of pwm signal is between 10%～90%；

Iii. electric detonator receives pwm signal, and as time reference signal；Electric detonator captures pwm signal pulse number, is simultaneously based on timing unit clock source and starts counting up；

Iv. convert according to the counting number of the pwm signal pulse number captured and internal clocking, it is thus achieved that binary data is as scaling results；

V. scaling results write clock is calibrated control bit, and according to clock alignment control bit, the clock source of timing unit is adjusted, thus obtaining target frequency；Only timing unit is under target frequency, and electric detonator could be normally carried out communicating with initiation control device；

Vi. the clock alignment of electric detonator completes, end operation。

Wherein, in step 6) in, perform corresponding operation according to the instruction identified, including situations below:

A) clock alignment detection operation:

After electric detonator successfully identifies clock alignment detection instruction, if clock alignment flag bit is in SM set mode, then this instruction not being responded, if clock alignment flag bit is in reset state (default conditions are reset state), then whether detection internal clock frequencies has been calibrated；If calibration is not fully complete, then control communication unit signal bus electric current is modulated, the calibration of feedback tape verifying code is not fully complete information, if having calibrated, then controlling communication unit the electric current of signal bus is modulated, the calibration of feedback tape verifying code completes information, simultaneously by the clock alignment flag bit set in memory element, after having fed back, return step 4)；

B) registration operation:

Electric detonator successfully identifies register instruction, if the registered symbol position in memory element is SM set mode, then this instruction is not responded, if the registered symbol position in memory element is reset state (default conditions are reset state), then the electric spark workpiece in initiating unit is detected；If the duty of electric spark workpiece is normal, then set registered symbol position, simultaneously by the unique word of initiation control device carried in register instruction and the sequence number write storage unit of electric detonator, and control communication unit signal bus electric current is modulated, feed back to initiation control device that the duty of tape verifying code is normal and electric detonator dispatches from the factory No. ID；If electric spark workpiece operating condition failures, then control communication unit and signal bus electric current is modulated, dispatch from the factory No. ID to what initiation control device fed back the operating condition failures of tape verifying code and electric detonator, after feed back, return step 4)；

C) communication check operation:

After electric detonator successfully identifies communication check instruction, carrying out the order number matches of electric detonator, if sequence number is not mated, illustrate that instruction object is not this electric detonator, this instruction is not responded by this electric detonator, if order number matches, then carries out unique word coupling；If unique word does not mate, the initiation control device that current operation equipment is used when not being registration is described, instruction is not responded, if unique word mates, then control communication unit the electric current of signal bus is modulated, feed back the communication normal information of tape verifying code to initiation control device, after having fed back, return step 4)；

D) time delay sets operation:

Electric detonator successfully identifies that time delay sets instruction, carries out the order number matches of electric detonator, if sequence number is not mated, illustrates that instruction object is not this electric detonator, and this instruction is not responded by this electric detonator, if order number matches, then carries out unique word coupling；If unique word does not mate, the initiation control device that current operation equipment is used when not being registration is described, instruction is not responded, if unique word mates, time delay is set in the priming network design temporal information write storage unit carried in instruction, write successfully, then feed back the successful operation information of tape verifying code to initiation control device；If writing unsuccessfully, then feeding back the operation failure information of tape verifying code, after having fed back, returning step 4)；

E) charging operations:

After electric detonator successfully identifies charging instruction, carrying out the order number matches of electric detonator, if sequence number is not mated, this instruction is not responded by this electric detonator, if order number matches, then carries out unique word coupling；If unique word does not mate, instruction not being responded, if unique word coupling, control unit controls the charge switch circuit of conducting initiating unit, it is achieved the charging to the storage capacitor that detonates, and the voltage of the storage capacitor that detonates is monitored simultaneously；If detonating, storage capacitor voltage at the appointed time reaches threshold value, then control communication unit the electric current of signal bus is modulated, the charging complete information of feedback tape verifying code, if detonating, storage capacitor voltage at the appointed time is not up to threshold value, then control communication unit the electric current of signal bus is modulated, the charging of feedback tape verifying code is not fully complete information, after having fed back, returns step 4)；

F) detonate operation:

After electric detonator successfully identifies fuze, carry out the order number matches of electric detonator, fuze broadcast sequence number, and the order number matches of any electric detonator, carry out the coupling of unique word subsequently；If unique word does not mate, instruction is not responded, if unique word mates, control unit controls the on-off circuit that detonates of conducting initiating unit, the energy of the storage capacitor that detonates release storage inside is to realize detonating of electric spark workpiece, when electric detonator performs fuze, not to initiation control device feedback information, the control of electric detonator terminates；

G) discharge operation:

Electric detonator carries out the order number matches of electric detonator after successfully identifying electric discharge instruction, command broadcast sequence number of discharging, and the order number matches of any electric detonator, carries out the coupling of unique word subsequently；If unique word does not mate, instruction is not responded, if unique word mates, control unit controls the discharge switching circuit of conducting initiating unit, is discharged through ground wire by the energy of the storage capacitor that detonates, thinks that electric discharge completes after the time delay stipulated time, when electric detonator performs electric discharge instruction, not to initiation control device feedback information, after having discharged, return step 4)；

H) operation is nullified:

After electric detonator successfully identifies log-out instruction, if to the log-out instruction specifying electric detonator, then carrying out the order number matches of electric detonator, if sequence number is not mated, this electric detonator not instruction responds, if order number matches, then carries out unique word coupling；If unique word does not mate, instruction is not responded, if unique word coupling, then reset registered symbol position, and write sequence number flag bit and clock alignment flag bit, reset the sequence number in memory element, delayed data and unique word；If aforesaid operations completes, then the electric current of signal bus is modulated by communication unit, and the cancellation of feedback tape verifying code completes instruction, if aforesaid operations is not fully complete, then controlling communication unit the electric current of signal bus is modulated, the cancellation of feedback tape verifying code is not fully complete instruction；If to whole electric detonator log-out instruction, then carry out the order number matches of electric detonator, the log-out instruction of whole electric detonators broadcast sequence number, and the order number matches of any electric detonator, carry out the coupling of unique word subsequently；If unique word does not mate, instruction is not responded, if unique word coupling, then reset registered symbol position, and write sequence number flag bit and clock alignment flag bit, reset the sequence number of electric detonator in memory element, delayed data and unique word；When electric detonator performs all detonators log-out instruction, not feedback information；If the log-out instruction to mistake detonator, then carrying out the order number matches of electric detonator, if sequence number is not mated, instruction is not responded by electric detonator, if short order number matches, then carries out the coupling of unique word；If unique word does not mate, instruction is not responded, if unique word mates, then reset registered symbol position, and write sequence number flag bit and clock alignment flag bit, reset the sequence number of electric detonator in memory element, delayed data and unique word, when electric detonator performs mistake detonator log-out instruction, not feedback information, after having nullified, returns step 4)。

Step c), d), e), f), g) and h) in, communication check operation, time delay set operation, charging operations, detonate operation, discharge operation and cancellation operate after operating these six registrations and all follow dormancy and wake mechanism up, and dormancy and the realization waking mechanism up comprise the following steps:

Ii. initiation control device send registration to electric detonator after instruction (after registration, instruction includes communication check instruction, time delay sets instruction, charging instruction, fuze, electric discharge instruction and log-out instruction), with the sequence number of electric detonator in instruction, for selecting to perform the electric detonator of instruction；

Iii. the voltage on the whole electric detonator identification signal bus on signal bus it is connected to, obtain command information, and mated with the sequence number in command information by the sequence number being stored in self memory element, if two sequence numbers are consistent, the electric detonator that then sequence number of command information is corresponding is followed command information and is performed operation, if two sequence numbers are inconsistent, the electric detonator that then sequence number of command information is not corresponding enters resting state, the electric detonator entering resting state closes self all function except arousal function, it is achieved reduce the purpose of power consumption；

Iv. after initiation control device completes instruction transmission, the voltage of control signal bus is changed into the low pressure of reception state by the high pressure sending state, wait and receive the feedback information from electric detonator, when receiving the information returned from electric detonator or the feedback-less information that (is generally taken as 200ms) in the setting time returns, then transferred to the high pressure of transmission state by the low pressure of the state of reception；

V. being connected to all electric detonator identification signal bus voltages in a dormant state on signal bus, and compare with internal threshold voltage, this threshold voltage is between the high voltage and the low-voltage of the state of reception of the state of transmission；When the voltage of signal bus is higher than threshold voltage, electric detonator in a dormant state is waken up, and electric detonator opens all functions；

If vi. electric detonator need to be worked on, return step ii, if not needing electric detonator to be worked on, then close the controller that detonates, terminate the operation to electric detonator。

Signal bus initiation control device in receive state time, electric detonator by modulate signal bus electric current come modulation bus voltage with realize information feedback。Therefore, being connected to the timing chip of signal bus under signal bus reception state, the power supply storage capacitor being fixed against self is powered, and it is abnormal that to prevent pulldown signal bus current from causing, feedback information occurs。Relying on dormancy and wake mechanism up, the electric detonator power consumption that non-instruction selects can be made to be greatly reduced, the power-on time of power supply storage capacitor is substantially increased, thus largely reducing under reception state electric detonator from the probability of pull-down current signal bus。Both reduce the power consumption of electric detonator, in turn ensure that the reliability of communication。

Advantages of the present invention:

Electric detonator that the present invention proposes and control method thereof, have initiation process strictly controlled, safety is high, volume is little, low in energy consumption, accuracy of timekeeping is high advantage。By dividing bar to design the instruction of the process of control, it is achieved that initiation process strictly controlled；By encoding four checking procedures of head and end code, check code, sequence number and unique word, improve the safety of electric detonator as dangerous priming system, and high degree reduces the hidden danger that maloperation brings；By using the special chip of the electric detonator design aiming at the present invention, significantly reducing volume and the power consumption of electric detonator, not only achieve the miniaturization of electric detonator, also drastically increasing initiation control device can the quantity of load electric detonator；By distinctive dormancy and arousal function design, reduce the actual power loss of electric detonator in operating process further；By clock alignment operation and adjustable RC oscillating circuit, when ensureing lower cost, it is achieved that the accurate timing of Microsecond grade to the priming network design time。

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the power subsystem of the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the initiating unit of the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the control method of the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the clock correcting method of the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is the dormancy of the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present invention and wakes the flow chart of mechanism up。

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention will be further described。

As it is shown in figure 1, the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present embodiment is included: power subsystem, communication unit, timing unit, initiating unit, memory element and control unit。

As in figure 2 it is shown, power subsystem includes rectification circuit, power supply storage capacitor and decompression device；Wherein, first port of rectification circuit is connected to signal bus by signal bus interface, guarantee that the polarity of voltage of signal bus input electric detonator is stable, second port is respectively connecting to power supply storage capacitor, decompression device and initiating unit interface, provides input voltage for power supply storage capacitor, decompression device and initiating unit；3rd port is connected to communication unit by communication unit interface；One end of power supply storage capacitor connects rectification circuit, and the other end connects decompression device, when signal bus is in low-voltage state, provides input voltage for decompression device；First port of decompression device connects rectification circuit, when signal bus is in high-voltage state, input voltage is obtained from signal bus by rectification circuit, second port connects power supply storage capacitor, when signal bus is in low-voltage state, obtaining input voltage from the power supply storage capacitor of power subsystem, the 3rd port connects control unit, timing unit and memory element by running voltage output interface, provides running voltage for control unit, timing unit and memory element。

The rectification circuit of power subsystem can adopt bridge rectifier, it is ensured that the polarity of voltage of the electric detonator of input is stable。Power supply storage capacitor realizes the short-term energy supply to electric detonator。Being connected by diode between power supply storage capacitor and rectification circuit, the positive pole of diode connects rectification circuit, and negative pole connects power supply storage capacitor, it is ensured that the communication voltage of signal bus will not be impacted by power supply storage capacitor。Decompression device can adopt DC/DC blood pressure lowering chip, with the running voltage that stable output control unit, timing unit and memory element need。The rectification circuit of the present embodiment and decompression device are all integrated in the special chip of electric detonator。

Communication unit includes sending manipulator and receiving demodulator。Communication unit can adopt to be integrated with and sends manipulator and receive the equipment end chip of demodulator, and this equipment end chip is connected with the host side communication chip of initiation control device, such as C-MBUS host side communication chip and equipment end communication chip。The communication unit of the present invention is integrated in special chip, mates with initiation control device communication。

Timing unit includes enumerator and clock source。The enumerator of the present embodiment is the tally function module being integrated in special chip, and clock source is RC oscillating circuit integrated in special chip。Integrated RC oscillating circuit is adjustable RC oscillating circuit, frequency of oscillation coupling can be carried out according to a string high-frequency pulse signal that outside sends, making adjustable RC oscillating circuit produce more accurate frequency of oscillation, adjustable RC oscillating circuit possesses higher accuracy of timekeeping for traditional RC oscillating circuit。

As it is shown on figure 3, initiating unit includes charge switch circuit, the storage capacitor that detonates, the on-off circuit that detonates, discharge switching circuit and electric spark workpiece；Wherein, first port of charge switch circuit connects the rectification circuit of power subsystem by power subsystem interface, second port connects and detonates storage capacitor, and the 3rd port connects control unit by control unit interface, the control signal of response control unit to storage capacitor charging of detonating；Detonate storage capacitor first port connect charge switch circuit, from signal bus, energy is obtained by charge switch circuit, second port connects the on-off circuit that detonates, the energy of storage capacitor of detonating passes to electric spark workpiece via the on-off circuit that detonates, 3rd port connects discharge switching circuit, and the energy of the storage capacitor that detonates is discharged by discharge switching circuit；The first port of on-off circuit of detonating connects and detonates storage capacitor, and the second port connects electric spark workpiece, and the 3rd port connects control unit by control unit interface, and the energy of the storage capacitor that detonates is passed to electric spark workpiece by the on-off circuit that controls to detonate by control unit；First port of discharge switching circuit picks up quick-fried storage capacitor, second port connect electric detonator ground wire, the 3rd port by control unit interface connect control unit, control unit by control discharge switching circuit will detonate storage capacitor internal energy discharge；Electric spark workpiece is connected with the on-off circuit that detonates, control unit by control detonate on-off circuit control electric spark workpiece effect。Charge switch circuit, detonate on-off circuit and discharge switching circuit realize based on switching tube, the charge switch circuit of the present embodiment, detonate on-off circuit and discharge switching circuit is the on-off circuit being integrated in special chip。

One end of memory element connects power subsystem, power subsystem provide running voltage；The other end connects control unit, the every terms of information of storage electric detonator。Memory element is nonvolatile memory chip, for reading and writing important information and preventing power down from losing, the EEPROM EEPROM of individual packages, flash memory (Flashmemory) or Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM) can be adopted。

The present invention is when registration operation, initiation control device gives one sequence number of each electric detonator, include the initiation control device sequence number of 42 system numbers (0～15), the default bit of 12 system number and the sequence number position (0～2047) of 11 2 system numbers, dispatching from the factory No. ID (dispatching from the factory No. ID be the intrinsic ID of all electric detonators relative to electric detonator 32, differentiation for each other), length reduction half, can effectively reduce call duration time, improve communication efficiency。

Control unit is connected with power subsystem, communication unit, timing unit, initiating unit and memory element respectively。In the present embodiment, memory element is the EEPROM EEPROM being integrated in special chip。

The unit of the electric detonator of the present invention can adopt the element of individual packages, chip and peripheral circuit thereof, constitutes electric detonator by interconnecting, it is apparent that this embodiment can cause that electric detonator volume is excessive, power consumption is higher, and connects up numerous and diverse, and peripheral components is various。In the present embodiment, one piece of special chip will be all integrated in except the power supply storage capacitor of power subsystem and all the other entire infrastructures detonated except storage capacitor and electric spark workpiece of initiating unit, special chip is integrated with except power supply storage capacitor, detonate storage capacitor and electric spark workpiece all the other entire infrastructures and draws port, constitutes electric detonator by interconnecting。

The control method of the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, is comprised the following steps:

2) after electric detonator powers on, each unit automatically turns on and initializes, and control unit and memory element are opened, and control unit opens the reception demodulator of its communication unit subsequently, and electric detonator enters and waits clock alignment state；

4) coomand mode to be received such as electric detonator entrance；

6) command bits identification is carried out, then corresponding operation is performed according to the instruction of input, instruction includes clock alignment detection instruction, register instruction, communication check instruction, time delay sets instruction, charging instruction, fuze, electric discharge instruction, log-out instruction, wherein clock alignment detection instruction and register instruction belong to the front instruction of registration, communication check instruction, time delay sets instruction, charging instruction, fuze, electric discharge instruction and log-out instruction belong to instruction after registration, operate corresponding with instruction includes clock alignment detection operation, registration operation, communication check operates, charging operations, detonate operation, discharge operation, nullify operation and read operation, wherein clock alignment detection operation and registration operation belong to the front operation of registration, communication check operates, time delay sets operation, charging operations, detonate operation, discharge operation and cancellation operation operate after belonging to registration, if need not operate, enter step 7)；

In step 3) in, clock alignment operation is based on the mode of outside pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, as it is shown in figure 5, comprise the following steps:

Ii. clock alignment instruction assigned by initiation control device, the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal that time span is hundred Milliseconds is sent to electric detonator, the frequency of pwm signal is directly proportional to the target frequency of the clock source of electric detonator timing unit, the target frequency of the clock source of electric detonator timing unit is fixed value, therefore pwm signal frequency is also definite value, and the dutycycle of pwm signal is between 10%～90%；

Iii. electric detonator receives pwm signal, and as time reference signal；

Iv. electric detonator captures pwm signal pulse number, is simultaneously based on timing unit clock source and starts counting up；

V. convert according to the number of the pwm signal pulse captured and the counting number of internal clocking, it is thus achieved that 8 bit binary data are as scaling results；

Vi. scaling results write clock is calibrated control bit, and according to clock alignment control bit, the clock source of timing unit is adjusted, thus obtaining target frequency；Only timing unit is under target frequency, and electric detonator could be normally carried out communicating with initiation control device；

Vii. the clock alignment of electric detonator completes, end operation。

A) clock alignment detection operation:

B) registration operation:

C) communication check operation:

After electric detonator successfully identifies communication check instruction, carrying out the order number matches of electric detonator, if sequence number is not mated, illustrate that instruction object is not this electric detonator, this instruction is not responded by this electric detonator, if order number matches, then carries out unique word coupling；If unique word does not mate, the initiation control device that current operation equipment is used when not being registration is described, instruction is not responded, if unique word mates, then control communication unit the electric current of signal bus is modulated, feed back the communication normal information of tape verifying code to initiation control device, after having fed back, return step 5)；

D) time delay sets operation:

E) charging operations:

F) detonate operation:

G) discharge operation:

H) operation is nullified:

Step c), d), e), f), g) and h) in, communication check operation, time delay set operation, charging operations, detonate operation, discharge operation and cancellation operate after operating these six registrations and all follow dormancy and wake mechanism up, as shown in Figure 6, dormancy and the realization waking mechanism up comprise the following steps:

Ii. initiation control device send registration to electric detonator after instruction, with the sequence number of electric detonator in instruction, for select perform instruction electric detonator；

It is finally noted that, the purpose publicizing and implementing mode is in that help is further appreciated by the present invention, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and various substitutions and modifications are all possible。Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to embodiment disclosure of that, and the scope that the scope of protection of present invention defines with claims is as the criterion。

Claims

1. the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device, it is characterised in that described electric detonator includes: power subsystem, communication unit, timing unit, initiating unit, memory element and control unit；Wherein, described control unit is connected with communication unit, timing unit and memory element respectively by each interface, carries out information mutual；Described power subsystem is respectively connecting to control unit, communication unit, timing unit and memory element by each interface, it is provided that running voltage；Described communication unit is connected to initiation control device also by signal bus, it is achieved the two-way communication of initiation control device and electric detonator；

Described power subsystem includes rectification circuit, power supply storage capacitor and decompression device；Wherein, first port of described rectification circuit is connected to signal bus by signal bus interface, guarantee that the polarity of voltage of signal bus input electric detonator is stable, second port is respectively connecting to power supply storage capacitor, decompression device and initiating unit interface, provides input voltage for power supply storage capacitor, decompression device and initiating unit；3rd port is connected to communication unit by communication unit interface；One end of power supply storage capacitor connects rectification circuit, and the other end connects decompression device, when signal bus is in low-voltage state, provides input voltage for decompression device；First port of decompression device connects rectification circuit, when signal bus is in high-voltage state, input voltage is obtained from signal bus by rectification circuit, second port connects power supply storage capacitor, when signal bus is in low-voltage state, obtaining input voltage from the power supply storage capacitor of power subsystem, the 3rd port connects control unit, timing unit and memory element by running voltage output interface, provides running voltage for control unit, timing unit and memory element；

Described communication unit includes sending manipulator and receiving demodulator；Wherein, one end of described transmission manipulator is connected with control unit, the feedback signal of reception control unit, and the other end is connected with signal bus by the rectification circuit of power subsystem, and the electric current of signal bus is modulated by the feedback signal according to control unit；One end of described reception demodulator is connected with signal bus by the rectification circuit of power subsystem, the voltage signal identifying and receiving on signal bus, and the other end is connected with control unit, and the command information after demodulation is sent to control unit；

Described timing unit includes enumerator and clock source；Wherein, the first port of enumerator connects power subsystem, power subsystem provide running voltage, and the second port connects control unit, and clocking information is sent to control unit, and the 3rd port connects clock source, and clock source provides sprocket pulse for enumerator；

Described initiating unit includes charge switch circuit, the storage capacitor that detonates, the on-off circuit that detonates, discharge switching circuit and electric spark workpiece；Wherein, first port of described charge switch circuit connects the rectification circuit of power subsystem by power subsystem interface, second port connects and detonates storage capacitor, and the 3rd port connects control unit by control unit interface, the control signal of response control unit to storage capacitor charging of detonating；First port of the described storage capacitor that detonates connects charge switch circuit, from signal bus, energy is obtained by charge switch circuit, second port connects the on-off circuit that detonates, the energy of storage capacitor of detonating passes to electric spark workpiece via the on-off circuit that detonates, 3rd port connects discharge switching circuit, and the energy of the storage capacitor that detonates is discharged by discharge switching circuit；First port of the described on-off circuit that detonates connects the storage capacitor that detonates, second port connects electric spark workpiece, 3rd port connects control unit by control unit interface, and the energy of the storage capacitor that detonates is passed to electric spark workpiece by controlling the on-off circuit that detonates by control unit；First port of described discharge switching circuit picks up quick-fried storage capacitor, second port connect electric detonator ground wire, the 3rd port by control unit interface connect control unit, control unit by control discharge switching circuit will detonate storage capacitor internal energy discharge；Described electric spark workpiece is connected with the on-off circuit that detonates, control unit by control detonate on-off circuit control electric spark workpiece effect；

One end of described memory element connects power subsystem, power subsystem provide running voltage；The other end connects control unit, and the every terms of information of storage electric detonator, including No. ID, sequence number, priming network design time, the unique word of initiation control device, registered symbol position, clock alignment flag bit and the clock alignment control bit of dispatching from the factory of electric detonator；Wherein, dispatch from the factory the intrinsic coding that No. ID is electric detonator, sequence number is the temporary code that electric detonator is given by initiation control device in use, the priming network design time is the delayed data that electric detonator writes when time delay sets operation, the unique word of initiation control device is the coding of the current initiation control device of electric detonator identification, registered symbol position is for whether recorded electronic detonator completes registration operation, clock alignment flag bit is for whether recorded electronic detonator completes clock alignment operation, clock alignment control bit is for controlling the change of timing unit clock source frequency in clock alignment operation；

First port of described control unit is connected with the running voltage output interface of power subsystem, power subsystem provide running voltage；Second port is connected with communication unit, carries out two-way communication by communication unit and initiation control device；3rd port is connected with timing unit, and electric detonator is opened timing unit after receiving fuze and carried out timing；4th port is connected with initiating unit, assigns charging, electric discharge and initiation control instruction to initiating unit；Fifth port is connected with memory element, and memory element is written and read operation。

2. electric detonator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the rectification circuit of described power subsystem adopts bridge rectifier；Being connected by diode between described power supply storage capacitor and rectification circuit, the positive pole of diode connects rectification circuit, and negative pole connects power supply storage capacitor；Described decompression device adopts DC/DC blood pressure lowering chip。

3. electric detonator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the enumerator of described timing unit is the tally function module being integrated in special chip；Described clock source is RC oscillating circuit integrated in special chip；Integrated RC oscillating circuit is adjustable RC oscillating circuit。

4. electric detonator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described memory element is nonvolatile memory chip, adopts the EEPROM EEPROM of individual packages, flash memory or Ferroelectric Random Access Memory。

5. electric detonator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when registration operation, described initiation control device gives one sequence number of each electric detonator, include the initiation control device sequence number of 42 system numbers, the default bit of 12 system number and the sequence number position of 11 2 system numbers。

6. electric detonator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electric detonator will all be integrated in one piece of special chip except the power supply storage capacitor of power subsystem and all the other entire infrastructures detonated except storage capacitor and electric spark workpiece of initiating unit, special chip is integrated with except power supply storage capacitor, detonate storage capacitor and electric spark workpiece all the other entire infrastructures and draws port, constitutes electric detonator by interconnecting。

7. the control method of the electric detonator controlled by initiation control device, it is characterised in that described control method comprises the following steps:

4) coomand mode to be received such as electric detonator entrance；

7) electric detonator is pulled up from signal bus, if electric detonator is in normal operating conditions, properly should preserve after reclaiming；If electric detonator is in malfunction, laggard marketing should be reclaimed and ruin。

8. control method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in step 3) in, clock alignment operation, based on the mode of outside pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, comprises the following steps:

Vi. the clock alignment of electric detonator completes, end operation。

9. control method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in step 6) in, perform corresponding operation according to the instruction identified, including situations below:

A) clock alignment detection operation:

This instruction if clock alignment flag bit is in SM set mode, is not then responded after successfully identifying clock alignment detection instruction by electric detonator, if clock alignment flag bit is in reset state, then whether detection internal clock frequencies has been calibrated；If calibration is not fully complete, then control communication unit signal bus electric current is modulated, the calibration of feedback tape verifying code is not fully complete information, if having calibrated, then controlling communication unit the electric current of signal bus is modulated, the calibration of feedback tape verifying code completes information, simultaneously by the clock alignment flag bit set in memory element, after having fed back, return step 4)；

B) registration operation:

Electric detonator successfully identifies register instruction, if the registered symbol position in memory element is SM set mode, then this instruction is not responded, if the registered symbol position in memory element is reset state, then the electric spark workpiece in initiating unit is detected；If the duty of electric spark workpiece is normal, then set registered symbol position, simultaneously by the unique word of initiation control device carried in register instruction and the sequence number write storage unit of electric detonator, and control communication unit signal bus electric current is modulated, feed back to initiation control device that the duty of tape verifying code is normal and electric detonator dispatches from the factory No. ID；If electric spark workpiece operating condition failures, then control communication unit and signal bus electric current is modulated, dispatch from the factory No. ID to what initiation control device fed back the operating condition failures of tape verifying code and electric detonator, after feed back, return step 4)；

C) communication check operation:

D) time delay sets operation:

E) charging operations:

F) detonate operation:

G) discharge operation:

H) operation is nullified:

10. control method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, step c), d), e), f), g) and h) in, communication check operation, time delay set operation, charging operations, detonate operation, discharge operation and cancellation operate after operating these six registrations and all follow dormancy and wake mechanism up, and dormancy and the realization waking mechanism up comprise the following steps:

Iv. after initiation control device completes instruction transmission, the voltage of control signal bus is changed into the low pressure of reception state by the high pressure sending state, wait and receive the feedback information from electric detonator, when receiving from the information of electric detonator return or feedback-less information return in the setting time, then transferred to the high pressure of transmission state by the low pressure of the state of reception；