CN103217079A

CN103217079A - Nonpolar double-wire communication digital electronic detonator capable of self-delaying and detonation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN103217079A
Application number: CN2012105341997A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 兰旺盛; 余迅猛; 何圣; 吴建中; 甘清海; 罗世苹
Original assignee: Guangxi Jinjianhua Industrial Explosive Materials Co Ltd; LIUZHOU CHANGHONG MACHINE MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Jinjianhua Industrial Explosive Materials Co Ltd; LIUZHOU CHANGHONG MACHINE MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-12-12
Filing date: 2012-12-12
Publication date: 2013-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-12
Also published as: CN103217079B

Abstract

A nonpolar double-wire communication digital electronic detonator capable of self-delaying, comprises a leg wire and a pipe body, wherein the pipe body comprises a pipe casing, and an ignition device, a detonator charging and tail plugging device, a control circuit and an ignition energy storage device, which are installed in the pipe casing. The control circuit comprises a power supply module, a communication module, a core control module and an ignition loop module, which are orderly electrically connected; input terminals A and B of the power supply module are connected to the leg wire, the ignition loop module is electrically connected with the ignition device and the ignition energy storage device; and a detonation method comprises: (1) detonator configuration, (2) networking, and (3) detonation operation. The nonpolar double-wire communication digital electronic detonator has a UID code and detonation authorization code verifying function, has advantages of controllable itself, high authority security, convenient self-delay, on-site laying, accuracy detonation control, good explosion effect, no need to distinguish polarities of the leg wire, convenient usage and low human error rate, and can obtain higher delay precision by using an internal clock module or an external clock module.

Description

Nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator and the igniting method thereof that can independently delay time

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of explosive, particularly a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator and the igniting method thereof that can independently delay time.

Background technology

Itself belongs to dangerous material detonator, if supervision causes the illegal society that flows into inadequately, will bring very big threat to social public security.The mode that existing electric cap relies on shell to beat sign indicating number is mostly managed, and does not make the detonator of sign indicating number and is forbidden without exception to dispatch from the factory, sell and use.Such system norms the production management in detonator market, but can't stop the illegal use of detonator, if the offender has obtained detonator by illegal channels, can use it for explosion easily, the beating and yard it is had no restraining force of shell this moment.

Because the above-mentioned defective of old-fashioned electric cap, digital electric detonator and blasting system arise at the historic moment, it can realize accurate control to blasting process by online programming and two-way communication, simultaneity factor controller and detonator body itself all have internal electron safety verification mechanism, can guarantee it is that whole system or independent detonator all are difficult to illegally be used, greatly improve the security and the manageability of detonator blasting system.

But the digital electric detonator product has the following disadvantages at present:

1. the delay function of a lot of products still belongs to fragment delay, and detonator itself does not possess the time-delay ability, but relies on the higher level's control appliance as adapter to carry out delay operation, ignites all detonators that are connected on the adapter after time-delay finishes simultaneously.Though such product technical difficulty is low, realize that easily shortcoming is that an adapter is responsible for a segmentation, if the segmentation that demolition duty needs is a lot, will need to use a large amount of adapters and relevant auxiliary equipment, the scene of being not easy to is laid and is used; If layout density is big, using a plurality of adapters in the region among a small circle, the fried point that detonates earlier might destroy the lead that demolition point is played in the back, and fried point of part or segmentation can't be detonated, and influences demolition effect even causes the demolition duty failure.

2. have the rights management pattern of detonating of electric detonator now, can't stop the illegal use of detonator, security and poor reliability: itself does not do any checking the detonator that 1) has, all controls of authority are finished by adapter, as long as the adapter checking is passed through, just can detonating capsule, though detonator need not carry out the computing checking, simplified control circuit greatly, reduce cost, but not controlled substantially because of detonator itself, adapter can use the same model detonator of any batch and incoming road, still can't stop the illegal use of detonator.

2) detonator that has uses the instruction of encrypting to communicate, control the use of detonator by using different clear crytpographic keys, detonator uses the clear crytpographic key of storage inside to be decrypted after receiving enciphered message, if successful decryption is just carried out corresponding operating, otherwise just be failure to actuate, demolition duty must hold clear crytpographic key simultaneously and the given batch that matches, the detonator of quantity just can carry out.Though do the legal power safety height like this, detonator itself is controlled, but the communication information adds secret meeting entirely makes communication become complicated, longer through the instruction of encrypting, transmitting time is also longer, is disturbed the possibility of makeing mistakes high relatively in the communication, under the situation especially abominable in environment for use, that the circuit quality of connection is not good, if error of transmission appears in the part detonator when assigning key instruction (as fuze), will have a strong impact on task.

3. most of digital electric detonator product duty is only used single operating voltage or is lacked safety protective circuit; if unexpected when causing the detonator internal circuit to lose efficacy between energising configuration and detection period, very easily cause the quick-fried initiation potential of mistake because of external interference or internal fault.

4. existing procucts are the shared energy storage device of circuit and sparking gear mostly, and delay time is long more, and the energy of circuit module consumption in operation is just many more, and the obtainable energy of sparking gear is just few more when detonating at last, the reliability that influence is detonated.

5. the lead of quite a few digital electric detonator product needed more than two connects, even also need distinguish polarity, and very inconvenience of actual use wiring error easily takes place brings danger.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator and the igniting method thereof that can independently delay time, to overcome the existing above-mentioned deficiency of prior art.

In order to solve above technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time, comprise payment to a porter and body, described body comprises shell and is installed in the interior sparking gear of shell, charging explosive in detonator and tail plug device, the ignition element of sparking gear closely contacts with charging explosive in detonator, the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the control circuit that is installed in the shell, and described control circuit comprises the power module of circuit connection successively, communication module, the kernel control module and the return circuit module of getting angry; The input A of described power module is connected with payment to a porter with B, and described ignition return circuit module is connected with described sparking gear circuit;

Described power module is used for: the one, and the signal of telecommunication from the outside by the payment to a porter input extracts electric energy, is converted to be fit to the working power that described communication module, described kernel control module and described ignition return circuit module use; The 2nd, keep the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time and upper control machine or adapter to communicate information exchange by payment to a porter;

Described communication module is used to receive the signal from the payment to a porter input, and extracts the bus command of adapter LetterNumber, signal is sent to described kernel control module handle;

Described kernel control module is used for the information that communication module sends is analyzed, judges, handles, stored, and realization logic control function, and require to carry out corresponding program according to adapter: the one, storage UID sign indicating number, authorization code detonates, the 2nd, the authorization code that detonates of the authorization code that adapter is sent and self storage compares checking, the 3rd, open or close authorized order, the execution authority that comprises charging instruction, time-delay sign on, the 4th, assign or cancel fuze to the ignition return circuit module, the 5th, control communication module back information;

Described ignition return circuit module is used to receive the instruction that kernel control module sends, and helps kernel control module to realize the monitoring of sparking gear real-time status and detonate or cancel the various operations of detonating.

Its further technical scheme is: the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the ignition energy storage device that is installed in the shell, described ignition energy storage device is made up of the 3rd electric capacity that is parallel to the sparking gear two ends, the positive terminal of the anodal sending and receiving fire device of the 3rd electric capacity, the negative pole end of negative pole sending and receiving fire device, described the 3rd electric capacity is the large bulk capacitance device, be installed in tail plug device inner chamber, the energy storage device of getting angry is used to sparking gear that blasting cap initiation required energy of moment is provided.

Its further technical scheme be: described kernel control module mainly is made up of digital microcontroller module, internal electric source administration module, non-volatile memory module, I/O controller module, ADC module and internal clocking module;

Described digital microcontroller module is the control centre of kernel control module, is used for carrying out various calculating or instruction by the program of its inner programming;

Described internal electric source administration module provides suitable power supply management and control for other modules in the kernel control module, it is controlled by the digital microcontroller module, be used for: one, the instruction of combine digital micro controller module, close or open the power supply of other modules except that digital micro controller module, with minimization system power consumption; Two, carry out voltage detecting, cross when low or unstable the result sent when input voltage and notify digital microprocessor module, it is disorderly to make it can in time take measures to avoid control to occur;

Described non-volatile memory module is used to store delay adjustments, address setting, authority checking data configuration, the operation that can write, wipe, read data by the instruction of digital microcontroller module;

Described I/O controller module provides the service relevant with exchanges data and port driver for kernel control module, wherein:

No. 1 port is an input port, is used to receive the signal after the bus demodulation;

No. 2 port is an output port, is used to drive transtation mission circuit and sends information;

No. 3 port is an output port, and the return circuit module that is used for drive getting angry is finished and detonated;

No. 5 port is standby output port, can be used for the outer circuit module of quota;

All output ports power on and are defaulted as high-impedance state;

Described ADC module is an analog-to-digital conversion module, be used for: the digital information that will gather, change ignition return circuit module voltage gained by the pulse code modulation mode sends the digital microcontroller resume module to, whether be used for monitoring and judge get angry return circuit module voltage normal and whether the sparking gear state is intact, the ADC module uses No. 4 ports as input;

Described internal clocking module provides work required clock signal for the digital microcontroller module.

The clock signal that described digital microcontroller module is required or provide by the internal clocking module, or provide by external external clock module.

Described power module is made of rectifier bridge, output voltage stabilizing circuit and energy-storage travelling wave tube:

Described rectifier bridge is made up of 4 commutation diodes, described output voltage stabilizing circuit is made up of the 1st triode, the 1st resistance and the 1st Zener diode, the input A of rectifier bridge is connected with payment to a porter with B, cathode output end E connects the colelctor electrode of the 1st triode, the base stage of the 1st triode connects ground connection behind the 1st Zener diode, the emitter stage of the 1st triode connects the VCC port of kernel control module, and connects ground connection behind the energy-storage travelling wave tube simultaneously, and the 1st resistance is connected in parallel between the colelctor electrode and base stage of the 1st triode; Described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises big capacity accumulation energy type electric capacity and the 4th electric capacity in parallel, the emitter stage of anodal termination the 1st triode of big capacity accumulation energy type electric capacity, negative pole end ground connection;

Rectifier bridge is used for being adjusted into from the signal of telecommunication rectification of payment to a porter input the circuit after flowing to after the polarity that is fit to handle;

Output voltage stabilizing circuit is used for from rectifier bridge output signal cutting out partial energy and is transformed to stablizing communication module and the kernel control module use after supplying with of suitable direct current;

That energy-storage travelling wave tube is used for is destroyed when payment to a porter, when output voltage stabilizing circuit loses the payment to a porter energy resource supply, continue to provide electric energy to keep the short-term operation of kernel control module.

Described communication module comprises receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit:

Described receiving circuit is made up of the 2nd electric capacity, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance and the 3rd NMOS pipe, the source ground of the 3rd NMOS pipe, drain electrode connects No. 1 port of kernel control module, connects the VCC port that connects kernel control module behind the 6th resistance simultaneously, the 5th resistance is connected in parallel between the grid and source electrode of the 3rd NMOS pipe, the grid of the 2nd electric capacity one termination the 3rd NMOS pipe meets power module rectification output cathode end E behind another termination the 4th resistance; Described receiving circuit is used to realize the communication receiving function, wherein:

The 4th resistance, the 2nd electric capacity and the 5th resistance are formed high-pass filtering circuit, are used for control signal is separated in pulse-modulated signal;

The signal that the 3rd NMOS pipe and the 6th resistance are used for demodulating amplifies and switching levels, delivers kernel control module and handles;

Described transtation mission circuit is made up of the 2nd resistance, the 3rd resistance and the 2nd triode, the grounded emitter of the 2nd triode, and colelctor electrode meets power module rectification output cathode end E after connecing the 2nd resistance, and base stage connects No. 2 ports that connect kernel control module behind the 3rd resistance; Described transtation mission circuit is used to realize the communication sending function, transtation mission circuit is subjected to the control of kernel control module, kernel control module drags down bus level manufacturing negative pulse by controlling the 2nd triode short time conducting, sends signal to the outside adapter that connects by payment to a porter, bus.

Described ignition return circuit module comprises obstruct circuit, potential-divider network, bypass resistance, rushes down the energy passage and gets angry control circuit:

Described obstruct circuit is made up of the 1st diode between the positive terminal Q that is serially connected with power module rectification output cathode end E and sparking gear and the 7th resistance, meet power module rectification output cathode end E behind anodal termination the 7th resistance of the 1st diode, the 7th resistance plays metering function, the energy storage device that guarantees to get angry can fill energy with the speed of safety, and the effect of the 1st diode is to stop the energy of ignition energy storage device to be lost in other circuit;

Described potential-divider network is made up of the 10th resistance and 11 resistance, the negative pole end P of the 10th resistance one termination sparking gear, the other end is connected in series ground connection behind the 11st resistance, the common junction of the 10th resistance and the 11st resistance connects No. 4 ports of kernel control module, potential-divider network is used to cooperate kernel control module to the monitoring of sampling of the real-time working voltage of energy storage device and sparking gear, for No. 4 ports of kernel control module provide sampled voltage;

Described bypass resistance the 9th resistance is connected in parallel between positive and negative end Q of sparking gear and the P, is used to regulate the sparking gear impedance operator, improves the ignition reliability;

Described rushing down can be constituted jointly by the 9th resistance, the 10th resistance and the 11st resistance by passage, be used for effective bleed off ignition energy storage device electric energy stored, after guaranteeing that detonator leaves standstill a period of time, the interior noenergy storage of the energy storage device of getting angry, avoid sparking gear under uncontrolled situation, can't the bleed off energy to meet accident and detonate, guarantee safety because of getting angry energy storage device;

Described ignition control circuit is made up of the 12nd resistance and the 4th NMOS pipe, the grid of the 4th NMOS pipe connects No. 3 ports of kernel control module, the negative pole end P of drain electrode sending and receiving fire device, source ground, the 12nd resistance is connected in parallel between the grid and source electrode of the 4th NMOS pipe, and the control circuit of getting angry is used to block or the work loop of conducting sparking gear.

Described ignition return circuit module also comprises holding circuit and input mu balanced circuit:

Described holding circuit is made up of the 8th resistance, the 13rd resistance, the 14th resistance and the 5th NMOS pipe, the grid of the 5th NMOS pipe connects No. 5 ports of kernel control module, the drain electrode of the 5th NMOS pipe connects the negative pole end of the 1st diode, the 14th resistance is connected in parallel between the grid and source electrode of the 5th NMOS pipe, the grid of the 13rd resistance one termination the 5th NMOS pipe, the positive terminal of another termination the 1st diode, the drain electrode of the 8th resistance one termination the 5th NMOS pipe, the positive terminal Q of other end sending and receiving fire device; Holding circuit is used to detonator that controlled safety protection function is provided, and the 8th resistance is used for current limliting, can be with the electric energy of proper speed bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device when making the conducting of the 5th NMOS pipe;

Described input mu balanced circuit is made of second Zener diode, the positive terminal of anodal termination the 1st diode of second Zener diode, and the negative pole end ground connection of second Zener diode, the input mu balanced circuit is used for the input voltage of stable ignition energy storage device.

Described power module, communication module, kernel control module and ignition return circuit module or constitute or for single integrated chip by discrete device.

Another technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of igniting method of the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time, the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time comprises payment to a porter and body, described body comprises shell and is installed in shell interior sparking gear, charging explosive in detonator, tail plug device and control circuit, the ignition element of sparking gear closely contacts with charging explosive in detonator, and described control circuit comprises power module, communication module, kernel control module and the ignition return circuit module of circuit connection successively; The input A of described power module is connected with payment to a porter with B, and described ignition return circuit module is connected with described sparking gear circuit; The described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the ignition energy storage device that is installed in the shell, and described ignition energy storage device is parallel to the sparking gear two ends;

Described igniting method comprises:

(1) detonator configuration, it is used to the exclusive separately address of described each detonator configuration, carries out the checking of reading of delay adjustments and UID sign indicating number;

A. initial configuration: the adapter of outside is connected with described detonator payment to a porter;

B. this configuration flow comprises:

S101: adapter is kept the bus low voltage power supply, and described detonator carries out power-up initializing, enters the low-voltage state;

S102: adapter sends and reads the UID code instruction;

S103: whether adapter receives that the detonator feedback receives the message of UID code instruction; Be in this way and receive, enter S104; Do not receive as not being, enter S1031;

S1031: whether adapter is attempted once more sends, and promptly gets back to S102 in this way; As just not carrying out troubleshooting, finish described configuration flow;

S104: the UID sign indicating number of adapter extraction detonator storage is verified, record;

S105: adapter judges whether the UID sign indicating number is legal, and is illegal as not being, and is judged to be in violation of rules and regulations to use, and finishes described configuration flow; It is legal to be in this way, enters S106;

S106: adapter sends the configuration address instruction;

S107: whether adapter receives the address configuration success message of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enters S108; As not, be and do not receive, enter S1071;

S1071: whether adapter is attempted once more sends, and promptly gets back to S106 in this way; Do not attempt as not being, carry out troubleshooting, finish described configuration flow;

S108: adapter sends the instruction of configuration delay time;

S109: whether adapter receives the delay time configuration successful message of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enters S110; Do not receive as not being, enter S1091;

S1091: whether adapter is attempted once more sends, and does not propose as not being, and carries out troubleshooting, finishes described configuration flow; Be proposition in this way, get back to S108;

S110: configuration is finished;

(2) networking is laid: the payment to a porter of n detonator is connected in parallel on externally the adapter bus;

(3) operation of detonating, the operation main flow that detonates comprises:

S201: adapter is kept the power supply of bus low pressure pattern;

S202: assign instruction at the n detonator;

S203: adapter sends and detects voltage instruction, monitoring ignition energy storage device voltage;

S204: whether adapter receives the voltage message of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enters S205; Do not receive as not being, enter S2041;

S2041: whether adapter is attempted once more sends, and is proposition in this way, gets back to S203; Do not propose as not being, carry out troubleshooting, finish the described operation main flow that detonates, outage is also got rid of fault;

S205: whether adapter is normal according to detonator feedback information analytical voltage, is in this way normally, enters S206; Undesired as not being, enter S2051;

S2051: whether adapter is attempted once more sends, and is proposition in this way, gets back to S203; Do not propose as not being, carry out troubleshooting, finish the described operation main flow that detonates, outage is also got rid of fault;

S206: adapter judges whether and need dispose again, does not need as not being, and enters S207; Be needs in this way, enter S2061;

S2061: adapter sends the relevant configuration instruction;

S2062: whether adapter receives the configuration successful message of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enters S2063; Do not receive as not being, enter S20621;

S20621: whether adapter is attempted sending the relevant configuration instruction once more, promptly gets back to S2061 in this way, does not attempt as not being, and carries out troubleshooting, finishes the described operation main flow that detonates, and outage is also got rid of fault;

S2063: adapter judges whether to continue other configurations, is needs in this way, gets back to S2061, does not need as not being, and enters S207;

S207: adapter sends the authority checking instruction of detonating;

S208: whether adapter receives the checking results messages of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enters S209; Do not receive as not being, enter S2081;

S2081: whether adapter is attempted sending the authority checking instruction of detonating once more, promptly gets back to S207 in this way, does not attempt as not being, and carries out troubleshooting, finishes the described operation main flow that detonates, and outage is also got rid of fault;

S209: adapter judges whether authority checking is passed through, and is checking in this way and passes through, and enters S210; Do not pass through as not being, enter S2091:

S2091: whether adapter is attempted sending the authority checking instruction of detonating once more, promptly gets back to S207 in this way, does not attempt as not being, and is judged to be in violation of rules and regulations and uses, and finishes the described operation main flow that detonates, and outage is extractd this detonator or changed legal detonator;

S210: adapter judges whether that all detonator authority checkings all pass through, and then enters S211 in this way; As otherwise get back to S202;

S211: assign instruction at the n detonator;

S212: adapter sends the de-preservation instruction;

S213: whether adapter receives the de-preservation success message of detonator feedback, just enters S214 in this way; As otherwise enter S2131;

S2131: whether adapter is attempted sending the de-preservation instruction once more, promptly gets back to S212 in this way, as otherwise carry out troubleshooting, finishes the described operation main flow that detonates, outage is the eliminating fault also;

S214: whether adapter receives the de-preservation success message of all detonator feedbacks, just enters S215 in this way; As otherwise get back to S211;

S215: adapter is drawn high bus voltage, enters the high pressure mode power supply;

S216: the charging of wait detonator ignition energy storage device is finished;

S217: assign instruction at the n detonator;

S218: adapter sends and detects voltage instruction, the monitoring charge condition;

S219: whether adapter receives the voltage message of detonator feedback, promptly enters S220 in this way; As otherwise enter S2191;

S2191: whether adapter is attempted sending detecting voltage instruction once more, promptly gets back to S218 in this way; As otherwise carry out troubleshooting, finish the described operation main flow that detonates, fault is also got rid of in outage;

S220: whether adapter is normal according to detonator feedback information analytical voltage, is in this way normally, then enters S221; Undesired as not being, then enter S2201;

S2201: adapter determines whether to be charged finishing such as continuation, is in this way to continue to wait for, then gets back to S216; Do not continue to wait for as not being, then carry out troubleshooting, finish the described operation main flow that detonates, outage is also got rid of fault;

S221: whether all detonator voltages are normal according to the analysis of detonator feedback information for adapter, are in this way normally, enter S222; Undesired as not being, get back to S217;

S222: adapter forward delay interval sign on picks up counting after all networking detonators are obtained instruction simultaneously;

S223: the networking detonator detonates separately and finishes.

Owing to take technique scheme, the present invention's nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator and the control method thereof that can independently delay time have following beneficial effect:

1. the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time has the UID sign indicating number, the authorization code authentication function detonates, the UID sign indicating number can be set and store to kernel control module and the authorization code that detonates in advance, the checking of being correlated with when using, this makes that detonator itself is controlled, the legal power safety height, also circulation, the use for detonator provides very high controllability and trackability; Simultaneously the authorization code verification mode of detonating of quickness and high efficiency avoided appearance " communication information is complete encrypt cause communicating by letter become complicated, long through the instruction of encrypting, transmitting time is also long, disturbed the possibility height of makeing mistakes in the communication " problem.

2. the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time can independently be delayed time, even demolition duty needs a large amount of segmentations, high density is laid, also need not to use a large amount of adapters and relevant auxiliary equipment, on-the-spot laying is convenient, initiation control is accurate, demolition effect good, guarantees that demolition duty is smooth.

3. because the communication module of the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time adopts the pulse modulated communication mode of FSK, make this digital electric detonator can realize dual-voltage operation mode:

In setting before and after detonator is laid, the testing process, the 5th NMOS pipe V5 automatic conducting in detonator energising back drags down the input voltage of energy storage device and sparking gear, and described digital electric detonator can work in low-voltage.Even this moment, detonator internal security device all lost efficacy, ignition loop conducting, sparking gear can not ignite yet.Detonator laid and detected pass through after, kernel control module sends low level signal, described digital electric detonator can be removed the safeguard protection state by instruction and enter high pressure mode, the 5th NMOS pipe V5 ends, bus voltage can directly be loaded into gets angry on the energy storage device, and the energy storage device of getting angry begins charging, fill can finish after, detonator has promptly entered armed condition, receives instruction and just can detonate; If after getting angry in the energy storage device charging way or charging finishes, need cancellation to detonate, kernel control module can be controlled the 5th NMOS pipe V5 conducting, and bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device institute electric energy stored makes detonator recover safe condition.Dual-voltage operation mode has improved the security in detonator configuration, the testing process, effectively avoids the quick-fried initiation potential of mistake.

4. because the ignition return circuit module of the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time comprises holding circuit and the standby energy passage that rushes down: the holding circuit acquiescence provides protection voluntarily, need not ACTIVE CONTROL, just understand de-preservation after receiving corresponding control signal, simultaneously as running into the situation that needs interim cancellation to detonate, it can also recovery and protection and can passage as getting angry mainly rushing down of energy storage device, electric energy in the bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device makes digital electric detonator return safe condition fast; When the 5th NMOS of holding circuit pipe V5 presents off state so that effective bleed off ignition energy storage device during electric energy stored because of some failure condition; standby rush down can passage can be after the digital electric detonator power down electric energy in the automatic slowly bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device; guarantee that detonator leaves standstill a period of time; the interior noenergy storage of the energy storage device of getting angry; digital electric detonator returns safe condition; sparking gear also just can not be under uncontrolled situation can't the bleed off energy meets accident and detonates because of getting angry energy storage device, thus the security that greatly improves execute-in-place.

5. the power module of the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time disposes the energy-storage travelling wave tube that is independent of outside the ignition energy storage device, and the circuit module running can not consume the energy of ignition energy storage device; When circuit loses payment to a porter energy resource supply (being that payment to a porter is destroyed), the short-term running that energy-storage travelling wave tube in the power module can provide electric energy to continue holding circuit, thereby reach timing and start the autonomous time-delay in back, breaking away from the purpose that works alone under the payment to a porter electric power thus supplied, the energy of ignition energy storage device did not have big decay when time-delay finished simultaneously, finished smoothly thereby guarantee to detonate.

6. because the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time adopts the two-wire system bus, mode and adapter with pulsewidth modulation communicate, and only require that each detonator connects two payment to a porter, and need not to distinguish polarity, easy to use, the mistake rate is low.

7. the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time can use internal clocking or external clock module, use the internal clocking module to reduce cost, use the external clock module can in very wide temperature range, obtain higher delay precision.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time and the technical characterictic of control method thereof are described further.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator structural representation that can independently delay time;

Fig. 2: connection diagram is laid in the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator networking that can independently delay time;

Fig. 3: the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator kernel control module structured flowchart that can independently delay time;

Fig. 4: the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit that can independently delay time and sparking gear and the energy storage device connecting circuit figure that gets angry;

Fig. 5: the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator configuration flow figure that can independently delay time;

Fig. 6: the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator igniting method main flow chart that can independently delay time;

The nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram that can independently delay time of Fig. 7: embodiment one;

The nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram that can independently delay time of Fig. 8: embodiment two;

The nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram that can independently delay time of Fig. 9: embodiment three;

The nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram that can independently delay time of Figure 10: embodiment four;

Figure 11: external clock module circuit diagram;

The nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit that can independently delay time of Figure 12: embodiment four and sparking gear and the energy storage device connecting circuit figure that gets angry;

Figure 13: the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator internal work flow process figure that can independently delay time.

Among the figure:

G, G1, G2, G3 ... the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of Gn-can independently delay time, I-payment to a porter, II-body, III-control circuit, M-quartz crystal oscillator;

21-shell, 22-sparking gear, 23-strengthening cap, 24-charging explosive in detonator, 25-tail plug device, 31-power module, 32-communication module, 33-kernel control module, 331-digital microcontroller module, 332-internal electric source administration module, 333-non-volatile memory module, 334-I/O controller module, 335-ADC module, 336-internal clocking module, 34-ignition return circuit module, 35-ignition energy storage device.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment one

A kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time, comprise payment to a porter I and body II, described body comprises shell 21 and is installed in shell interior sparking gear 22, charging explosive in detonator 24, tail plug device 25 and control circuit III, the ignition element of sparking gear 22 closely contacts with charging explosive in detonator 24, described control circuit comprises power module 31, communication module 32, the kernel control module 33 of circuit connection successively and the return circuit module 34 of getting angry, the input A of described power module 31 is connected with payment to a porter with B, and the return circuit module 34 of getting angry is connected with sparking gear 22 circuit.

The effect of described power module 31: the one, from the signal of telecommunication of outside input, extract electric energy by payment to a porter, be converted to the working power that suitable communication module, kernel control module and ignition return circuit module use; The 2nd, keep the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time and upper control machine or adapter to communicate information exchange by payment to a porter;

The effect of described communication module 32 is from the signal of payment to a porter input, extracts the bus command information of upper control machine or adapter, sends to kernel control module 33 and handles;

The effect of described kernel control module 33 is that the information that communication module sends is analyzed, judges, handles, stored, and realization logic control function, and require to carry out corresponding program according to adapter: the one, storage UID sign indicating number, authorization code detonates, the 2nd, the authorization code that detonates of the authorization code that adapter is sent and self storage compares checking, the 3rd, open or close authorized order, the execution authority that comprises charging instruction, time-delay sign on, the 4th, assign or cancel fuze to the ignition return circuit module, the 5th, control communication module back information;

The effect of described ignition return circuit module 34 is to receive the instruction that kernel control module 33 sends, and helps kernel control module to realize the monitoring of sparking gear 22 real-time status and detonate or cancel the various operations of detonating.

The described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the ignition energy storage device 35 that is installed in the shell, described ignition energy storage device 35 is made up of the 3rd capacitor C 3 that is parallel to sparking gear 22 two ends, the positive terminal of the anodal sending and receiving fire device of the 3rd capacitor C 3, the negative pole end of negative pole sending and receiving fire device, described the 3rd capacitor C 3 is the large bulk capacitance device, be installed in tail plug device inner chamber, the effect of ignition energy storage device is to provide blasting cap initiation required energy of moment for sparking gear.

Described kernel control module 33 mainly is made up of digital microcontroller module 331, internal electric source administration module 332, non-volatile memory module 333, I/O controller module 334, ADC module 335 and internal clocking module 336;

Described digital microcontroller module 331 is control centres of kernel control module, and its effect is to carry out various calculating or instruction by the program of its inner programming;

Described internal electric source administration module 332 provides suitable power supply management and control for other modules in the kernel control module, it is controlled by the digital microcontroller module, its effect: the one, the instruction of combine digital micro controller module, close or open the power supply of other modules except that digital micro controller module, with minimization system power consumption; The 2nd, carry out voltage detecting, cross when low or unstable the result sent when input voltage and notify digital microprocessor module, it is disorderly to make it can in time take measures to avoid control to occur;

Described non-volatile memory module 333 is used to store delay adjustments, address setting, authority checking data relevant configuration data, can be by the instruction of digital microcontroller module 331, and the operation that data are write, wipe, read;

Described I/O controller module 334 provides the service relevant with exchanges data and port driver for kernel control module, wherein:

All output ports power on and are defaulted as high-impedance state;

Described ADC module 335 is an analog-to-digital conversion module, its effect is: the digital information that will gather, change ignition return circuit module 34 voltage gained by the pulse code modulation mode sends digital microcontroller module 331 to and handles, whether be used for monitoring and judge get angry return circuit module voltage normal and whether the sparking gear state is intact, the ADC module uses No. 4 ports as input;

Described internal clocking module 336 provides work required clock signal for digital microcontroller module 331;

Described power module 31 is made of rectifier bridge, output voltage stabilizing circuit and energy-storage travelling wave tube:

Described rectifier bridge is made up of 4 commutation diodes, described output voltage stabilizing circuit is made up of the 1st triode V1, the 1st resistance R 1 and the 1st Zener diode VZ1, the input A of rectifier bridge is connected with the payment to a porter I with B, the cathode output end E of rectification output connects the colelctor electrode of the 1st triode V1, the base stage of the 1st triode V1 connects ground connection behind the 1st Zener diode VZ1, the emitter stage of the 1st triode connects the VCC port of kernel control module 33, and connecing ground connection behind the energy-storage travelling wave tube simultaneously, the 1st resistance R 1 is connected in parallel between the colelctor electrode and base stage of the 1st triode V1; Described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises big capacity accumulation energy type capacitor C 1 and the 4th capacitor C 4 in parallel, the emitter stage of anodal termination the 1st triode V1 of big capacity accumulation energy type capacitor C 1, negative pole end ground connection;

The effect of rectifier bridge is the circuit that will be adjusted into from the signal of telecommunication rectification of payment to a porter input after flowing to after the polarity that is fit to handle;

The effect of output voltage stabilizing circuit is that cutting out partial energy and being transformed to is stablized communication module and the kernel control module of suitable direct current after supplying with and used from the rectifier bridge output signal;

The effect of energy-storage travelling wave tube be destroyed when payment to a porter, when output voltage stabilizing circuit loses the payment to a porter energy resource supply, continue to provide electric energy to keep the short-term operation of kernel control module.

Described communication module 32 comprises receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit:

Described receiving circuit is made up of the 2nd capacitor C the 2, the 4th resistance R the 4, the 5th resistance R the 5, the 6th resistance R 6 and the 3rd NMOS pipe V3, the source ground of the 3rd NMOS pipe V3, drain electrode connects No. 1 port of kernel control module, connects the VCC port that connects kernel control module 33 after the 6th resistance R 6 simultaneously, the 5th resistance R 5 is connected in parallel between the grid and source electrode of the 3rd NMOS pipe V3, the grid of the 2nd capacitor C 2 one terminations the 3rd NMOS pipe V3 meets power module rectification output cathode end E after another termination the 4th resistance R 4; The effect of described receiving circuit is to realize the communication receiving function, wherein:

The 4th resistance R the 4, the 2nd capacitor C 2 and the 5th resistance R 5 are formed high-pass filtering circuit, and its effect is that control signal is separated in the FSK pulse-modulated signal;

The effect of the 3rd NMOS pipe V3 and the 6th resistance R 6 is that the signal that will demodulate amplifies and switching levels, delivers the control nucleus module and handles;

Described transtation mission circuit is made up of the 2nd resistance R the 2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the 2nd triode V2, the grounded emitter of the 2nd triode V2, colelctor electrode meets power module rectification output cathode end E after connecing the 2nd resistance R 2, and base stage connects No. 2 ports that connect kernel control module 33 after the 3rd resistance R 3; Described transtation mission circuit effect is to realize the communication sending function, transtation mission circuit is subjected to the control of kernel control module 33, kernel control module drags down bus level manufacturing negative pulse by controlling the 2nd triode V2 short time conducting, sends information to adapter by payment to a porter, bus.

Described obstruct circuit is made up of the 1st diode VD1 between the positive terminal Q that is serially connected with power module rectification output cathode end E and sparking gear 22, the 7th resistance R 7, meet power module rectification output cathode end E after anodal termination the 7th resistance R 7 of the 1st diode VD1,7 metering functions of the 7th resistance R, the energy storage device that guarantees to get angry can fill energy with the speed of safety, and the effect of the 1st diode VD1 is to stop the energy of ignition energy storage device to be lost in other circuit;

Described potential-divider network is made up of the 10th resistance R 10 and the 11st resistance R 11, the negative pole end P of the 10th resistance R 10 1 termination sparking gears 22, the other end is connected in series the 11st resistance R 11 back ground connection, the common junction of the 10th resistance R 10 and the 11st resistance R 11 connects No. 4 ports of kernel control module, the effect of potential-divider network is to cooperate kernel control module to getting angry the monitoring of sampling of the real-time working voltage of energy storage device and sparking gear, for No. 4 ports of kernel control module provide sampled voltage;

Described bypass resistance the 9th resistance R 9 is connected in parallel between positive and negative end Q of sparking gear and the P, is used to regulate the sparking gear impedance operator, improves the ignition reliability;

Described rushing down can be constituted jointly by the 9th resistance R the 9, the 10th resistance R 10 and the 11st resistance R 11 by passage, its effect is effective bleed off ignition energy storage device electric energy stored, after leaving standstill a period of time after the power down of assurance detonator, the interior noenergy storage of the energy storage device of getting angry, avoid sparking gear under uncontrolled situation, can't the bleed off energy to meet accident and detonate, guarantee safety because of getting angry energy storage device;

Described ignition control circuit is made up of the 12nd resistance R 12 and the 4th NMOS pipe V4, the grid of the 4th NMOS pipe V4 connects No. 3 ports of kernel control module, the negative pole end P of drain electrode sending and receiving fire device, source ground, the 12nd resistance R 12 is connected in parallel between the grid and source electrode of the 4th NMOS pipe V4, and the control circuit of getting angry is used to block or the work loop of conducting sparking gear.

Described holding circuit is made up of the 8th resistance R the 8, the 13rd resistance R the 13, the 14th resistance R 14 and the 5th NMOS pipe V5, the grid of the 5th NMOS pipe V5 connects No. 5 ports of kernel control module, the drain electrode of the 5th NMOS pipe V5 connects the negative pole end of the 1st diode VD1, the 14th resistance R 14 is connected in parallel between the grid and source electrode of the 5th NMOS pipe V5, the grid of the 13rd resistance R 13 1 terminations the 5th NMOS pipe V5, the positive terminal of another termination the 1st diode VD1, the drain electrode of the 8th resistance R 8 one terminations the 5th NMOS pipe V5, the positive terminal Q of other end sending and receiving fire device 22; Holding circuit is used to detonator that controlled safety protection function is provided, and the 8th resistance R 8 is used for current limliting, can be with the electric energy of proper speed bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device when making the 5th NMOS pipe V5 conducting;

The duty of holding circuit is controlled by No. 5 ports of kernel control module; under the acquiescence electrifying condition; No. 5 port is high-impedance state; the 13rd resistance R 13; 14 resistance R, 14 composition bleeder circuits drive the 5th NMOS pipe V5 conducting and drag down ignition energy storage device input voltage; it can't be charged; guarantee that sparking gear is in higher safe condition; when needs when getting angry the energy storage device charging; kernel control module drags down the port level No. 5; the 5th NMOS pipe V5 ends, and stops to drag down ignition energy storage device input voltage, so the ignition energy storage device can begin charging; the interior electric energy that stores of the energy storage device of getting angry is loaded on the sparking gear, and sparking gear is got angry at finishing and detonated.Cancellation is detonated as need, and kernel control module allows No. 5 ends recover high-impedance state, the 5th NMOS pipe V5 conducting, and the electric energy that the energy storage device C3 that gets angry stores falls by R8 and the quick bleed off of the 5th NMOS pipe V5;

Described input mu balanced circuit is made of the second Zener diode VZ2, the positive terminal of anodal termination the 1st diode VD1 of the second Zener diode VZ2, the negative pole end ground connection of the second Zener diode VZ2, the input mu balanced circuit is used for the input voltage of stable ignition energy storage device: owing to have impedance greatly as the long lead of bus, make and to be connected near-end and the resulting input voltage of far-end detonator exists than big-difference, the input voltage of far-end detonator is less than near-end, for the detonator that allows far-end connect also can obtain enough voltage inputs, must improve bus voltage to remedy the loss of lead impedance, just have to bear higher voltage yet be connected the detonator of near-end this moment to voltage; The detonator that connects for fear of near-end causes getting angry energy storage device to be damaged because of input voltage is too high, just must avoid exceeding it and bear the limit getting angry the stable firmly magnitude of voltage of energy storage device input.

In the foregoing description, described power module 31, communication module 32 and get angry return circuit module 34 by discrete device constitute, kernel control module 33 is single integrated chip.

The nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram that can independently delay time of embodiment one is referring to Fig. 7, and control circuit and sparking gear and ignition energy storage device connection line figure are referring to Fig. 4.

Embodiment two

A kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time, its basic comprising is identical with embodiment one, comprise payment to a porter I and body II, described body comprises shell 21 and is installed in the interior sparking gear 22 of shell, charging explosive in detonator 24, tail plug device 25 and control circuit III, the ignition element of sparking gear 22 closely contacts with charging explosive in detonator 24, described control circuit comprises the power module 31 of circuit connection successively, communication module 32, the kernel control module 33 and the return circuit module 34 of getting angry, the input A of described power module 31 is connected with payment to a porter with B, and the return circuit module 34 of getting angry is connected with sparking gear 22 circuit; The described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the ignition energy storage device 35 that is installed in the shell, and described ignition energy storage device 35 is parallel to sparking gear 22 two ends.

Different is: the required clock signal of described digital microcontroller module is provided by external external clock module; Because of the clock signal producing method of internal clocking module is the RC circuit mode, RC circuit clock precision is lower, temperature influence is big, uses external external clock module to provide clock signal can improve delay precision in wide temperature range, and this moment, kernel control module can be closed the internal clocking module.

The nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram that can independently delay time of embodiment two is referring to Fig. 8.

Embodiment three

A kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time, its basic comprising is identical with embodiment two, comprise payment to a porter I and body II, described body comprises shell 21 and is installed in the interior sparking gear 22 of shell, charging explosive in detonator 24, tail plug device 25 and control circuit III, the ignition element of sparking gear 22 closely contacts with charging explosive in detonator 24, described control circuit comprises the power module 31 of circuit connection successively, communication module 32, the kernel control module 33 and the return circuit module 34 of getting angry, the input A of described power module 31 is connected with payment to a porter with B, and the return circuit module 34 of getting angry is connected with sparking gear 22 circuit; The described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the ignition energy storage device 35 that is installed in the shell, and described ignition energy storage device 35 is parallel to sparking gear 22 two ends.

Different is: described ignition return circuit module does not comprise holding circuit.

The nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram that can independently delay time of embodiment three is referring to Fig. 9.

Embodiment four

Different is: described ignition return circuit module 34 does not contain holding circuit.

The nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram that can independently delay time of embodiment four is referring to Figure 10, and control circuit and sparking gear and ignition energy storage device connection line figure are referring to Figure 12.

Conversion as the foregoing description one ~ embodiment four:

Described power module 31, communication module 32 and ignition return circuit module 34 also can single integrated chips.

Embodiment five

A kind of igniting method of the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time, the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time comprises payment to a porter I and body II, described body II comprises shell 21 and is installed in sparking gear 22, charging explosive in detonator 24, tail plug device 25 and control circuit III in the shell 21, the ignition element of sparking gear 22 closely contacts with charging explosive in detonator 24, and described control circuit comprises power module 31, communication module 32, the kernel control module 33 of circuit connection successively and the return circuit module 34 of getting angry; The input A of described power module 31 is connected with payment to a porter with B, and described ignition return circuit module 34 is connected with described sparking gear 22 circuit; The described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the ignition energy storage device 35 that is installed in the shell, and described ignition energy storage device 35 is parallel to sparking gear 22 two ends.

Described igniting method comprises:

B. this configuration flow comprises:

S102: adapter sends and reads the UID code instruction;

S106: adapter sends the configuration address instruction;

S108: adapter sends the instruction of configuration delay time;

S110: configuration is finished;

(3) operation of detonating, the operation main flow that detonates comprises:

S201: adapter is kept the power supply of bus low pressure pattern;

S202: assign instruction at the n detonator;

S2061: adapter sends the relevant configuration instruction;

S207: adapter sends the authority checking instruction of detonating;

S211: assign instruction at the n detonator;

S212: adapter sends the de-preservation instruction;

S217: assign instruction at the n detonator;

S223: the networking detonator detonates separately and finishes.

After the holding circuit de-preservation; in forward delay interval sign on flow process before; adapter can send recovery and protection instruction at any time and allow the holding circuit recovery and protection state of specifying detonator; recovery and protection success back specifies detonator feedback to operate success message; do not receive this message as adapter; can attempt sending once more the recovery and protection instruction, or be judged to be fault, carry out troubleshooting.

Illustrate: " detonator " described in the foregoing description one to embodiment five, all refer to the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time.

Note

(1) the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator structure brief introduction that can independently delay time:

The payment to a porter I is the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time and the extraneous approach that is connected, the supply of the digital electric detonator work and the required energy that detonates and communication information exchange, all finish two nonpolarity differentiations of payment to a porter by these two payment to a porter;

Shell 21: the outside that is the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time coats housing;

The control circuit III comprises: power module 31, communication module 32, kernel control module 33 and the return circuit module 34 of getting angry, each module or constitute by discrete device or single integrated chip, all functions of the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time and control are all realized by it;

Sparking gear 22: be used to produce the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently the delay time required ignition energy that detonates that detonates, the driving of its controlled circuit III, the powder charge of the described digital electric detonator front portion of can igniting.Control circuit board 4 can drive multiple sparking gear (in certain drive voltage range), as thermal bridge wire type sparking gear, plasma sparking gear and the following various non-high pressure sparking gear that may occur;

Strengthening cap 23: be used for compressing of charging explosive in detonator and strengthen, reduce the cracked possibility of powder charge with structure;

Charging explosive in detonator 24: being the internal charge of the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time, is the main source of blasting cap detonation energy;

Tail plug device 25: be used to seal detonator shell, its inner hollow can be designed to different length and diameter as required, holds a big capacity ignition energy storage device that volume is bigger;

Get angry energy storage device 35: be used for nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that special storage can independently the delay time moment sparking gear institute energy requirement that detonates, these electric energy are only supplied with sparking gear and are used.

The relevant circuit's principle of control circuit and the mode of operation brief introduction of the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that (two) can independently delay time:

1. the operation principle of holding circuit:

Holding circuit comprises the 8th resistance R the 8, the 14th resistance R the 14, the 13rd resistance R the 13, the 5th NMOS pipe V5, its duty is controlled by No. 5 ports of kernel control module, under the acquiescence electrifying condition, No. 5 port is high-impedance state, the 14th resistance R the 14, the 13rd resistance R 13 is formed bleeder circuit and is driven the 5th NMOS pipe V5 conducting, the input voltage of ignition energy storage device and sparking gear is dragged down, it can't be charged, guarantee that sparking gear is in higher safe condition; When needs when getting angry the energy storage device charging, kernel control module sends low level signal, drags down the port level No. 5, the 5th NMOS pipe V5 ends immediately, stops to drag down getting angry the energy storage device input voltage, can begin charging so get angry energy storage device; The 8th resistance R 8 is used for current limliting, can be when making the 5th NMOS pipe V5 conducting with the electric energy of proper speed bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device, if after getting angry in the energy storage device charging way or charging finish, need cancellation to detonate, kernel control module can be controlled the 5th NMOS pipe V5 conducting, bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device institute electric energy stored makes detonator recover safe condition;

2. get angry the operation principle of control circuit:

The control circuit of getting angry comprises resistance R the 12, the 4th NMOS pipe V4, No. 3 ports of kernel control module are high-impedance state under the general state, the 4th NMOS pipe V4 is by blocking-up sparking gear formation work loop, it can't be worked, after kernel control module sends the high signal of telecommunication, the 4th NMOS managed the V4 conducting after No. 3 ports were drawn high level signal, and the interior electric energy that stores of the energy storage device of getting angry is loaded on the sparking gear, and sparking gear is got angry at finishing and detonated;

3. internal clocking module and external clock module:

The clock signal producing method of internal clocking module is the RC circuit mode, RC circuit clock precision is lower, and temperature influence is big, improves delay precision as needs in wide temperature range, kernel control module can be closed the internal clocking module, uses external external clock module that clock signal is provided.External clock modular circuit schematic diagram is seen Figure 11, and M is a quartz crystal oscillator, and capacitor C 6, C7 size are selected according to the quartz crystal oscillator characteristic, are generally tens of pF, and resistance R 15 is used for impedance matching;

4. the dual-voltage operation mode that adopts of this digital electric detonator:

So-called univoltage is meant that the bus operating voltage of payment to a porter input is a fixed value, and this magnitude of voltage is equal to or higher than the minimum operating voltage of sparking gear, under this supply voltage if the conducting of sparking gear loop promptly can detonate;

Two voltage modes are meant that the bus operating voltage of payment to a porter input has two values, one is low voltage value, one is high-voltage value, when being in low voltage value, be low-voltage, it is the state that described digital electric detonator payment to a porter input voltage is lower than the minimum operating voltage of sparking gear, no matter whether conducting of sparking gear loop this moment, sparking gear all is difficult to work and ignites powder charge, and operation such as detonator communication meanwhile, configuration and detection is unaffected; The state that described digital electric detonator payment to a porter input voltage is equal to or higher than the minimum operating voltage of sparking gear is high pressure mode, and the situation when being in high pressure mode is equal to above-mentioned univoltage pattern;

Use the benefit of two voltage modes to be, in communication before and after detonator is laid, configuration, the testing process, described digital electric detonator can work in low-voltage, even this moment, the detonator internal components lost efficacy, the situation of sparking gear loop conducting takes place, and it is quick-fried also can not cause mistake;

Detonator laid and detected pass through after, described digital electric detonator can be removed the safeguard protection state by instruction and enter high pressure mode, adapter or higher level's control appliance can improve bus voltage and enter high pressure conditions, for the energy storage device of all digital electric detonators on the bus fills can, fill can finish after, detonator has promptly entered armed condition, receives instruction and just can detonate;

5. this digital electric detonator adopts the principle of FSK pulse two-way communication to be: transmit leg uses particular electrical circuit to modulate the negative sense electric impulse signal of some frequency on bus direct current supply voltage, the recipient demodulates these pulse signals by receiving circuit again, realizes the transmission of signal;

6. relevant UID sign indicating number:

The UID sign indicating number is every identify label coding that detonator is unique, is stored in the kernel control module in the detonator, can or go up level controller and read by adapter, but can not be rewritten by it; By reading the UID sign indicating number, user, adapter or last level controller can judge whether this detonator is authorized to be used for this demolition duty, in conjunction with the library management of UID code data, more can review the relevant information of the production circulation of this detonator;

7. the relevant authorization code checking of detonating:

The authorization code that detonates checking is that detonator enters a password authentification must passing through before the armed condition, and checking work is finished by detonator self, and adapter or last level controller only are responsible for transmitting identifying code to detonator;

The authorization code that detonates is stored in the interior kernel control module of detonator, can write in the kernel control module of detonator according to mission requirements customization in advance, just can not be modified or read once setting.Before detonator enters armed condition, can or go up authorization code and self the stored authorized sign indicating number that level controller sends with adapter and compare, if both unanimity, the execution authority of the open authorized order of detonator (comprise charging instruction, the sign on of delaying time); If inconsistent, then detonator can not opened the execution authority of authorized order, can not carried out even receive authorized order yet, thereby detonator can't be detonated; After the power down, no matter before whether licensing status is opened, and detonator can reset to licensing status open automatically; The detonate existence of authorization code can directly limit the scope of application of certain batch of detonator, if do not grasp the authorization code that detonates, even hold detonator and related control device so, also can't realize detonating, and guarantees the safe and reliable of detonator.

(3) flow process relevant issues explanation:

Detonator is outside actual use operation flow process, be that the peripheral operation flow process is divided into two flow processs: the configuration flow (seeing accompanying drawing 5) and the operation main flow (seeing accompanying drawing 6) that detonates;

The configuration flow main purpose is to be each exclusive separately address of detonator configuration, networking is laid the back that finishes and just can be visited certain specific detonator by demand like this, instruction of the every transmission of adapter all can attach a detonator address, this instruction only can be configured the detonator of this address and carry out (except the time-delay sign on, it one send and can be carried out simultaneously by the wired detonator of going up of institute); Detonator needs to connect separately one by one to be configured in the layoutprocedure, can take off after configuration is finished to be used for the networking laying; This process also comprises the proof procedure that reads of UID sign indicating number, and the UID sign indicating number reads from detonator, verifies record by adapter, does not use in violation of rules and regulations with regard to decidable in the scope that this is licensed as finding the UID sign indicating number; Delay adjustments also can here be provided with;

The operation main flow that detonates is that detonator configuration is finished and operating process after finishing is laid in networking;

" assign instruction " and be meant some detonators on the line are assigned instruction at the n detonator.The address of each detonator configuration in fact just be equivalent to each detonator compile number, adapter can be operated corresponding detonator one by one according to the address, the instruction that this moment, adapter sent has only this detonator just can be carried out, detonator can not carried out on other lines.

" troubleshooting " is meant and thinks that there are fault in detonator or circuit, need check reparation; The flow process of " troubleshooting " be earlier one by one to holding circuit the detonator of de-preservation send the recovery and protection instruction and allow their holding circuit recovery and protection; cut off bus-powered then; the manually-operated of after whole detonator network left standstill a period of time (being generally several minutes), can check, extract, replacing etc. being fixed a breakdown.This moment, all detonators were regardless of state, and it gets angry the stored electric energy of energy storage device all by holding circuit or rush down and can fall by the passage bleed off, is in a safe condition.

Whether " need to dispose again ", be meant if temporary needs is changed the delay time of certain detonator, or read its UID sign indicating number, can carry out corresponding operating this moment;

" transmission detonate authority checking instruction " is meant that adapter sends the authority checking sign indicating number to some detonators, allows it that authority checking sign indicating number and self stored authorized identifying code of receiving compared, and consistent words just think that checking passes through, otherwise are to judge violation;

Carried out twice voltage measurement in the flow process, the purpose that is for the first time is to detect holding circuit whether to be in guard mode, and detecting almost is that 0 voltage explanation holding circuit normally is in guard mode, detects high voltage explanation holding circuit fault; Secondary purpose is to judge charge condition, if the voltage a lot of explanations of the value of departing from objectives all the time have fault;

Accompanying drawing 13 is detonator internal work flow processs:

Detonator is each only can receive and carry out an instruction, enters wait state subsequently, waits for the arrival of next instruction.Which bar instruction what compare judgement adapter requirement execution then is, is another instruction if not this instruction with regard to judgement.Meet if contrast a circle back neither one instruction one by one, that detonator just thinks that this is an illegal command, is abandoned.If do not carry out authority checking by the peripheral operation flow process and obtain by, just directly send the instruction that requires the detonator de-preservation or detonate, detonator will can not be carried out relevant operation so, and can feedback message in violation of rules and regulations.After the detonator power down, no matter before whether mandate is opened under the power-up state, and detonator can reset to licensing status open automatically.

Claims

1. the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time, comprise payment to a porter (I) and body (II), described body comprises shell (21) and is installed in the interior sparking gear (22) of shell, charging explosive in detonator (24) and tail plug device (25), the ignition element of sparking gear (22) closely contacts with charging explosive in detonator (24), it is characterized in that: the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the control circuit (III) that is installed in the shell, and described control circuit comprises the power module (31) of circuit connection successively, communication module (32), the kernel control module (33) and the return circuit module (34) of getting angry; The input A of described power module (31) is connected with payment to a porter with B, and described ignition return circuit module (34) is connected with described sparking gear (22) circuit;

Described power module (31) is used for: the one, and the signal of telecommunication from the outside by the payment to a porter input extracts electric energy, is converted to be fit to the working power that described communication module (32), described kernel control module (33) and described ignition return circuit module (34) use; The 2nd, keep the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time and upper control machine or adapter to communicate information exchange by payment to a porter;

Described communication module (32) is used to receive the signal from the payment to a porter input, and extracts the bus command signal of adapter, signal is sent to described kernel control module (33) handle;

Described kernel control module (33) is used for the information that communication module sends is analyzed, judges, handles, stored, and realization logic control function, and require to carry out corresponding program according to adapter: the one, storage UID sign indicating number, authorization code detonates, the 2nd, the authorization code that detonates of the authorization code that adapter is sent and self storage compares checking, the 3rd, open or close authorized order, the execution authority that comprises charging instruction, time-delay sign on, the 4th, assign or cancel fuze to the ignition return circuit module, the 5th, control communication module back information;

Described ignition return circuit module (34) is used to receive the instruction that kernel control module (33) sends, and helps kernel control module to realize the monitoring of sparking gear (22) real-time status and detonate or cancel the various operations of detonating.

2. a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the ignition energy storage device (35) that is installed in the shell, described ignition energy storage device (35) is made up of the 3rd electric capacity (C3) that is parallel to sparking gear (22) two ends, the positive terminal of the anodal sending and receiving fire device of the 3rd electric capacity (C3), the negative pole end of negative pole sending and receiving fire device, described the 3rd electric capacity (C3) is the large bulk capacitance device, be installed in tail plug device inner chamber, the energy storage device of getting angry is used to sparking gear that blasting cap initiation required energy of moment is provided.

3. a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time according to claim 2 is characterized in that:

Described kernel control module (33) mainly is made up of digital microcontroller module (331), internal electric source administration module (332), non-volatile memory module (333), I/O controller module (334), ADC module (335) and internal clocking module (336);

Described digital microcontroller module (331) is the control centre of kernel control module, is used for carrying out various calculating or instruction by the program of its inner programming;

Described internal electric source administration module (332) provides suitable power supply management and control for other modules in the kernel control module, it is controlled by the digital microcontroller module, be used for: one, the instruction of combine digital micro controller module, close or open the power supply of other modules except that digital micro controller module, with minimization system power consumption; Two, carry out voltage detecting, cross when low or unstable the result sent when input voltage and notify digital microprocessor module, it is disorderly to make it can in time take measures to avoid control to occur;

Described non-volatile memory module (333) is used to store delay adjustments, address setting, authority checking data configuration, the operation that can write, wipe, read data by the instruction of digital microcontroller module (331);

Described I/O controller module (334) provides the service relevant with exchanges data and port driver for kernel control module, wherein:

All output ports power on and are defaulted as high-impedance state;

Described ADC module (335) is an analog-to-digital conversion module, be used for: the digital information that will gather, change ignition return circuit module (34) voltage gained by the pulse code modulation mode sends digital microcontroller module (331) to and handles, whether be used for monitoring and judge get angry return circuit module voltage normal and whether the sparking gear state is intact, the ADC module uses No. 4 ports as input;

Described internal clocking module (336) provides work required clock signal for digital microcontroller module (331).

4. a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the clock signal that described digital microcontroller module (331) is required or provide by internal clocking module (336), or provide by external external clock module.

5. according to claim 1,2, the 3 or 4 described a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonators that can independently delay time, it is characterized in that: described power module (31) is made of rectifier bridge, output voltage stabilizing circuit and energy-storage travelling wave tube:

Described rectifier bridge is made up of 4 commutation diodes, described output voltage stabilizing circuit is by the 1st triode (V1), the 1st resistance (R1) and the 1st Zener diode (VZ1) are formed, the input A of rectifier bridge is connected with payment to a porter (I) with B, cathode output end E connects the colelctor electrode of the 1st triode (V1), the base stage of the 1st triode (V1) connects the 1st Zener diode (VZ1) back ground connection, the emitter stage of the 1st triode (V1) connects the VCC port of kernel control module (33), and connecing ground connection behind the energy-storage travelling wave tube simultaneously, the 1st resistance (R1) is connected in parallel between the colelctor electrode and base stage of the 1st triode (V1); Described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises big capacity accumulation energy type electric capacity (C1) and the 4th electric capacity (C4) in parallel, the emitter stage of anodal termination the 1st triode (V1) of big capacity accumulation energy type electric capacity (C1), negative pole end ground connection;

6. a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time according to claim 5 is characterized in that:

Described communication module (32) comprises receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit:

Described receiving circuit is by the 2nd electric capacity (C2), the 4th resistance (R4), the 5th resistance (R5), the 6th resistance (R6) and the 3rd NMOS pipe (V3) are formed, the source ground of the 3rd NMOS pipe (V3), drain electrode connects No. 1 port of kernel control module, connect the VCC port that connects kernel control module (33) behind the 6th resistance (R6) simultaneously, the 5th resistance (R5) is connected in parallel between the grid and source electrode of the 3rd NMOS pipe (V3), the grid of the 2nd electric capacity (C2) termination the 3rd NMOS pipe (V3) meets power module rectification output cathode end E behind another termination the 4th resistance (R4); Described receiving circuit is used to realize the communication receiving function, wherein:

The 4th resistance (R4), the 2nd electric capacity (C2) and the 5th resistance (R5) are formed high-pass filtering circuit, are used for control signal is separated in pulse-modulated signal;

The signal that the 3rd NMOS pipe (V3) and the 6th resistance (R6) are used for demodulating amplifies and switching levels, delivers kernel control module and handles;

Described transtation mission circuit is made up of the 2nd resistance (R2), the 3rd resistance (R3) and the 2nd triode (V2), the grounded emitter of the 2nd triode (V2), colelctor electrode meets power module rectification output cathode end E after connecing the 2nd resistance (R2), and base stage connects No. 2 ports that connect kernel control module (33) behind the 3rd resistance (R3); Described transtation mission circuit is used to realize the communication sending function, transtation mission circuit is subjected to the control of kernel control module (33), kernel control module drags down bus level by the short time conducting of control the 2nd triode (V2) and makes negative pulse, sends signal to the outside adapter that connects by payment to a porter, bus.

7. a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time according to claim 6 is characterized in that:

Described obstruct circuit is made up of the 1st diode (VD1) between the positive terminal Q that is serially connected with power module rectification output cathode end E and sparking gear (22) and the 7th resistance (R7), meet power module rectification output cathode end E behind anodal termination the 7th resistance (R7) of the 1st diode (VD1), the 7th resistance (R7) plays metering function, the energy storage device that guarantees to get angry can fill energy with the speed of safety, and the effect of the 1st diode (VD1) is to stop the energy of ignition energy storage device to be lost in other circuit;

Described potential-divider network is made up of the 10th resistance (R10) and 11 resistance (R11), the negative pole end P of the 10th resistance (R10) termination sparking gear (22), the other end is connected in series the 11st resistance (R11) back ground connection, the common junction of the 10th resistance (R10) and the 11st resistance (R11) connects No. 4 ports of kernel control module, potential-divider network is used to cooperate kernel control module to getting angry the monitoring of sampling of the real-time working voltage of energy storage device and sparking gear, for No. 4 ports of kernel control module provide sampled voltage;

Described bypass resistance the 9th resistance (R9) is connected in parallel between positive and negative end Q of sparking gear and the P, is used to regulate the sparking gear impedance operator, improves the ignition reliability;

Described rushing down can be constituted jointly with the 11st resistance (R11) by the 9th resistance (R9), the 10th resistance (R10) by passage, be used for effective bleed off ignition energy storage device electric energy stored, after guaranteeing that detonator leaves standstill a period of time, the interior noenergy storage of the energy storage device of getting angry, avoid sparking gear under uncontrolled situation, can't the bleed off energy to meet accident and detonate, guarantee safety because of getting angry energy storage device;

Described ignition control circuit is made up of the 12nd resistance (R12) and the 4th NMOS pipe (V4), the grid of the 4th NMOS pipe (V4) connects No. 3 ports of kernel control module, the negative pole end P of drain electrode sending and receiving fire devices (22), source ground, the 12nd resistance (R12) is connected in parallel between the grid and source electrode of the 4th NMOS pipe (V4), and the control circuit of getting angry is used to block or the work loop of conducting sparking gear.

8. a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described ignition return circuit module also comprises holding circuit and input mu balanced circuit:

Described holding circuit is by the 8th resistance (R8), the 13rd resistance (R13), the 14th resistance (R14) and the 5th NMOS pipe (V5) are formed, the grid of the 5th NMOS pipe (V5) connects No. 5 ports of kernel control module, the drain electrode of the 5th NMOS pipe (V5) connects the negative pole end of the 1st diode (VD1), the 14th resistance (R14) is connected in parallel between the grid and source electrode of the 5th NMOS pipe (V5), the grid of the 13rd resistance (R13) termination the 5th NMOS pipe (V5), the positive terminal of another termination the 1st diode (VD1), the drain electrode of the 8th resistance (R8) termination the 5th NMOS pipe (V5), the positive terminal Q of other end sending and receiving fire devices (22); Holding circuit is used to detonator that controlled safety protection function is provided, and the 8th resistance (R8) is used for current limliting, can be with the electric energy of proper speed bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device when making (V5) conducting of the 5th NMOS pipe;

Described input mu balanced circuit is made of second Zener diode (VZ2), the positive terminal of anodal termination the 1st diode (VD1) of second Zener diode (VZ2), the negative pole end ground connection of second Zener diode (VZ2), the input mu balanced circuit is used for stablizing the input voltage of energy storage device.

9. a kind of nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time according to claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described power module (31), communication module (32), kernel control module (33) and the return circuit module (34) or constitute or be single integrated chip of getting angry by discrete device.

10. the igniting method of the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time, it is characterized in that: the described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time comprises payment to a porter (I) and body (II), described body (II) comprises shell (21) and is installed in the interior sparking gear (22) of shell (21), charging explosive in detonator (24), tail plug device (25) and control circuit (III), the ignition element of sparking gear (22) closely contacts with charging explosive in detonator (24), and described control circuit comprises the power module (31) of circuit connection successively, communication module (32), the kernel control module (33) and the return circuit module (34) of getting angry; The input A of described power module (31) is connected with payment to a porter with B, and described ignition return circuit module (34) is connected with described sparking gear (22) circuit; The described nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator that can independently delay time also comprises the ignition energy storage device (35) that is installed in the shell, and described ignition energy storage device (35) is parallel to sparking gear (22) two ends;

Described igniting method comprises:

B. this configuration flow comprises:

S102: adapter sends and reads the UID code instruction;

S106: adapter sends the configuration address instruction;

S108: adapter sends the instruction of configuration delay time;

S110: configuration is finished;

(3) operation of detonating, the operation main flow that detonates comprises:

S201: adapter is kept the power supply of bus low pressure pattern;

S202: assign instruction at the n detonator;

S2061: adapter sends the relevant configuration instruction;

S207: adapter sends the authority checking instruction of detonating;

S211: assign instruction at the n detonator;

S212: adapter sends the de-preservation instruction;

S217: assign instruction at the n detonator;

S223: the networking detonator detonates separately and finishes.