CN103217079B

CN103217079B - Nonpolar double-wire communication digital electronic detonator capable of self-delaying and detonation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN103217079B
Application number: CN201210534199.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 兰旺盛; 余迅猛; 何圣; 吴建中; 甘清海; 罗世苹
Original assignee: Guangxi Jinjianhua Industrial Explosive Materials Co Ltd; LIUZHOU CHANGHONG MACHINE MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Jinjianhua Industrial Explosive Materials Co Ltd; LIUZHOU CHANGHONG MACHINE MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-12-12
Filing date: 2012-12-12
Publication date: 2015-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-12
Also published as: CN103217079A

Abstract

A nonpolar double-wire communication digital electronic detonator capable of self-delaying, comprises a leg wire and a pipe body, wherein the pipe body comprises a pipe casing, and an ignition device, a detonator charging and tail plugging device, a control circuit and an ignition energy storage device, which are installed in the pipe casing. The control circuit comprises a power supply module, a communication module, a core control module and an ignition loop module, which are orderly electrically connected; input terminals A and B of the power supply module are connected to the leg wire, the ignition loop module is electrically connected with the ignition device and the ignition energy storage device; and a detonation method comprises: (1) detonator configuration, (2) networking, and (3) detonation operation. The nonpolar double-wire communication digital electronic detonator has a UID code and detonation authorization code verifying function, has advantages of controllable itself, high authority security, convenient self-delay, on-site laying, accuracy detonation control, good explosion effect, no need to distinguish polarities of the leg wire, convenient usage and low human error rate, and can obtain higher delay precision by using an internal clock module or an external clock module.

Description

Can the independently nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay and igniting method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of explosive, particularly a kind of can the independently nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay and igniting method thereof.

Background technology

Detonator itself belongs to dangerous material, if supervision causes illegally flowing into society not, will bring great threat to social public security.Existing electric cap relies on the mode of shell stamp to manage mostly, does not have the detonator of stamp to be forbidden without exception to dispatch from the factory, sell and use.The production management in detonator market of such system norms, but the illegal use of detonator cannot be stoped, if offender obtains detonator by illegal channels, can use it for explosion easily, now the stamp of shell has no restraining force to it.

Due to the above-mentioned defect of old-fashioned electric cap, digital electric detonator and blasting system arise at the historic moment, it can realize the accurate control to blasting process by online programming and two-way communication, simultaneity factor controller and detonator body itself all have internal electron secure authentication mechanisms, can ensure it is that whole system or independent detonator are all difficult to be illegally used, drastically increase security and the manageability of detonator blasting system.

But digital electric detonator product has the following disadvantages at present:

1. the delay function of a lot of product still belongs to fragment delay, and detonator itself does not possess delay-capacity, but relies on the higher level's control appliance as adapter to carry out delay operation, and time delay terminates all detonators that rear ignition is simultaneously connected on adapter.Although such product technical difficulty is low, realize easily, shortcoming is the responsible segmentation of an adapter, if the segmentation that demolition duty needs is a lot, will need to use a large amount of adapters and relevant auxiliary equipment, is not easy to on-the-spot laying and use; If layout density is large, in region among a small circle, uses multiple adapter, play the wire of demolition point after the fried point first detonated likely can destroy, the fried point of part or segmentation cannot be detonated, affect demolition effect and even cause demolition duty failed.

2. the rights management pattern of detonating of existing electric detonator, the illegal use of detonator cannot be stoped, safety and reliability is poor: the detonator 1) had itself does not do any checking, all controls of authority have been come by adapter, as long as adapter is verified, just can detonating capsule, although detonator does not need to carry out computing checking, can greatly simplified control circuit, reduce costs, but because detonator itself is substantially not controlled, adapter can use the same model detonator of any batch and incoming road, still cannot stop the illegal use of detonator.

2) detonator had uses the instruction of encryption to communicate, by the use using different clear crytpographic keys to control detonator, detonator uses the clear crytpographic key of storage inside to be decrypted after receiving enciphered message, if successful decryption just performs corresponding operating, otherwise be just failure to actuate, demolition duty must be held clear crytpographic key and just can carry out with the detonator of the given batch matched, quantity simultaneously.Although it is high to do legal power safety like this, detonator itself is controlled, but the communication information adds secret meeting entirely makes communication become complicated, instruction through encryption is longer, transmitting time is also longer, is disturbed the possibility of makeing mistakes relatively high in communication, especially severe in environment for use, connection quality is not good, if error of transmission appears in part detonator when assigning key instruction (as fuze), task will be had a strong impact on.

3. most of digital electric detonator product working status only uses single operating voltage or lacks safety protective circuit; if when surprisingly causing detonator internal circuit to lose efficacy because of external interference or internal fault between energising configuration and detection period, very easily cause quick-fried initiation potential by mistake.

4. existing procucts are that circuit and sparking gear share an energy storage device mostly, and delay time is longer, and the energy of circuit module consumption in operation is more, and when finally detonating, the obtainable energy of sparking gear is fewer, affects the reliability of detonating.

5. the wire of quite a few digital electric detonator product needed more than two connects, and even also needs to distinguish polarity, actual use very inconvenience, wiring error easily occurs and brings danger.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can the independently nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay and igniting method thereof, to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency existing for prior art.

In order to solve above technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, comprise payment to a porter and body, described body comprises shell and is arranged on the sparking gear in shell, charging explosive in detonator and tail plug device, the ignition element of sparking gear and charging explosive in detonator close contact, describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the control circuit be arranged in shell, described control circuit comprises the power module that circuit successively connects, communication module, kernel control module and return circuit module of getting angry, input A with B of described power module is connected with payment to a porter, and described ignition return circuit module is connected with described sparking gear circuit,

Described power module is used for: one is extract electric energy the signal of telecommunication inputted by payment to a porter from outside, is converted to the working power that applicable described communication module, described kernel control module and described ignition return circuit module use; Two is keep described by payment to a porter independently the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay and upper control machine or adapter to carry out communication information exchange;

Described communication module for receiving the signal from payment to a porter input, and extracts the bus command of adapter letternumber, signal is sent to described kernel control module process;

Described kernel control module is used for the information that communication module sends to carry out analyzing, judge, process, store, and realize logic control function, and require to perform corresponding program according to adapter: one is store UID code, detonating authorization code, two is that the authorization code sent by adapter and the detonating authorization code self stored carry out contrast verification, three is open or closedown authorized order, comprise the execution authority of charging instruction, time delay sign on, four is assign to ignition return circuit module or cancel fuze, and five is control communication module back information;

The instruction that described ignition return circuit module sends for receiving kernel control module, helps kernel control module realization to the monitoring of sparking gear real-time status and detonates or cancel the various operations of detonating; Described communication module comprises receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit:

Described receiving circuit is made up of the 2nd electric capacity, the 4th resistance, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance and the 3rd NMOS tube, the source ground of the 3rd NMOS tube, drain electrode connect kernel control module No. 1 port, connect the 6th resistance simultaneously after connect the VCC port of kernel control module, 5th resistor coupled in parallel is between the grid and source electrode of the 3rd NMOS tube, the grid of the 2nd electric capacity one termination the 3rd NMOS tube, meets power module rectification output cathode end E after another termination the 4th resistance; Described receiving circuit is used for realizing communication receiving function, wherein:

4th resistance, the 2nd electric capacity and the 5th resistance composition high-pass filtering circuit, for separating control signal from pulse-modulated signal;

3rd NMOS tube and the 6th resistance are used for the signal demodulated to amplify and switching levels, deliver kernel control module process;

Described transtation mission circuit is made up of the 2nd resistance, the 3rd resistance and the 2nd triode, the grounded emitter of the 2nd triode, and colelctor electrode meets power module rectification output cathode end E after connecing the 2nd resistance, base stage connects No. 2 ports of kernel control module after connecing the 3rd resistance; Described transtation mission circuit is used for realizing communication sending function, transtation mission circuit is by the control of kernel control module, kernel control module drags down bus level by control the 2nd triode short time conducting and manufactures negative pulse, sends signal to the outside adapter connected by payment to a porter, bus.

Its further technical scheme is: described ignition return circuit module comprises obstruct circuit, potential-divider network, bypass resistance, rushes down energy passage and the control of catch fire circuit:

Described obstruct circuit is made up of the 1st diode be serially connected with between power module rectification output cathode end E and the positive terminal Q of sparking gear and the 7th resistance, power module rectification output cathode end E is met after positive pole termination the 7th resistance of the 1st diode, 7th resistance plays metering function, ensure that ignition energy storage device can fill energy with the speed of safety, the effect of the 1st diode stops the energy of ignition energy storage device to be lost in other circuit;

Described potential-divider network is made up of the 10th resistance and 11 resistance, 10th resistance one end meets the negative pole end P of sparking gear, ground connection after other end serial connection the 11st resistance, the common junction of the 10th resistance and the 11st resistance connects No. 4 ports of kernel control module, potential-divider network carries out sampling monitoring, for No. 4 ports of kernel control module provide sampled voltage for coordinating the real-time working voltage of kernel control module to energy storage device and sparking gear;

Described bypass resistance the 9th resistor coupled in parallel, between positive and negative end Q and P of sparking gear, for regulating sparking gear impedance operator, improves Fire Reliability;

Described rushing down can be constituted jointly by the 9th resistance, the 10th resistance and the 11st resistance by passage, for the electric energy that effective bleed off ignition energy storage device has stored, after ensureing that detonator leaves standstill a period of time, in ignition energy storage device, noenergy stores, avoid sparking gear in uncontrolled situation because getting angry energy storage device bleed off energy and meeting accident to detonate, guarantee safety;

Described the control of catch fire circuit is made up of the 12nd resistance and the 4th NMOS tube, the grid of the 4th NMOS tube connects No. 3 ports of kernel control module, drain electrode meets the negative pole end P of sparking gear, source ground, 12nd resistor coupled in parallel is between the grid and source electrode of the 4th NMOS tube, and the control of catch fire circuit is for blocking or the performance loop of conducting sparking gear.

Its further technical scheme be: described ignition return circuit module also comprises protection circuit and input stabilizing circuit:

Described protection circuit is made up of the 8th resistance, the 13rd resistance, the 14th resistance and the 5th NMOS tube, the negative pole end that grid connects No. 5 ports of kernel control module, the drain electrode of the 5th NMOS tube connects the 1st diode of the 5th NMOS tube, 14th resistor coupled in parallel is between the grid and source electrode of the 5th NMOS tube, the grid of the 13rd resistance one termination the 5th NMOS tube, the positive terminal of another termination the 1st diode, the drain electrode of the 8th resistance one termination the 5th NMOS tube, the other end meets the positive terminal Q of sparking gear; Protection circuit is used for providing controlled safety protection function for detonator, and the 8th resistance is used for current limliting, can with the electric energy of suitable speed bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device when making the 5th NMOS tube conducting;

Described input stabilizing circuit is made up of the second Zener diode, the positive terminal of positive pole termination the 1st diode of the second Zener diode, the negative pole end ground connection of the second Zener diode, and input stabilizing circuit is used for the input voltage of stable ignition energy storage device.

Describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the ignition energy storage device be arranged in shell, described ignition energy storage device is made up of the 3rd electric capacity being parallel to sparking gear two ends, the positive pole of the 3rd electric capacity connects the positive terminal of sparking gear, negative pole connects the negative pole end of sparking gear, described 3rd electric capacity is large bulk capacitance device, be arranged on tail plug device inner chamber, get angry energy storage device for providing the energy needed for blasting cap initiation moment for sparking gear.

Described kernel control module forms primarily of digital microcontroller module, internal electric source administration module, non-volatile memory module, I/O controller module, ADC module and internal clocking module;

Described digital microcontroller module is the control centre of kernel control module, for performing various calculating or instruction by the program of its inner programming;

Described internal electric source administration module provides suitable power supply management and control for other modules in kernel control module, it is controlled by digital microcontroller module, for: one, the instruction of combine digital micro controller module, close or open the power supply of other modules except digital micro controller module, with minimization system power consumption; Two, carry out voltage detecting, when input voltage too low or unstable time by result send notify digital microprocessor module, can take measures in time to avoid occurring control disorder;

Described non-volatile memory module is for storing delay adjustments, address setting, authority checking data configuration, the operation that can write data by the instruction of digital microcontroller module, wipe, read;

Described I/O controller module provides the service relevant to exchanges data and port driver for kernel control module, wherein:

No. 1 port is input port, for receiving the signal after bus demodulation;

No. 2 ports are output port, send information for driving transtation mission circuit;

No. 3 ports are output port, detonate for driving ignition return circuit module to complete;

No. 5 ports are output port for subsequent use, can be used for the circuit module outside quota;

All output ports power on and are defaulted as high-impedance state;

Described ADC module and analog-to-digital conversion module, for: send the digital information being gathered, change ignition return circuit module voltage gained by pulse code modulation mode to digital microcontroller resume module, for monitoring and judging that whether ignition return circuit module voltage is normal and whether sparking gear state is intact, ADC module uses No. 4 ports as input;

Described internal clocking module provides the clock signal needed for work for digital microcontroller module.

Clock signal needed for described digital microcontroller module or provided by internal clocking module, or provided by external external clock module.

Described power module is made up of rectifier bridge, output voltage stabilizing circuit and energy-storage travelling wave tube:

Described rectifier bridge is made up of 4 commutation diodes, described output voltage stabilizing circuit is made up of the 1st triode, the 1st resistance and the 1st Zener diode, input A with B of rectifier bridge is connected with payment to a porter, cathode output end E connects the colelctor electrode of the 1st triode, the base stage of the 1st triode connects ground connection after the 1st Zener diode, the emitter stage of the 1st triode connects the VCC port of kernel control module, and ground connection after simultaneously connecing energy-storage travelling wave tube, the 1st resistor coupled in parallel is between the colelctor electrode and base stage of the 1st triode; Described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises Large Copacity accumulation energy type electric capacity in parallel and the 4th electric capacity, the emitter stage of positive pole termination the 1st triode of Large Copacity accumulation energy type electric capacity, negative pole end ground connection;

Circuit after rectifier bridge flows to after being used for the signal of telecommunication rectification inputted from payment to a porter being adjusted to the applicable polarity processed;

Output voltage stabilizing circuit is used for cutting out partial energy being transformed to from rectifier bridge output signal and stablizes communication module after suitable direct current supply and kernel control module uses;

Energy-storage travelling wave tube is used for when payment to a porter is destroyed, output voltage stabilizing circuit loses payment to a porter energy resource supply, continues to provide electric energy to maintain the short-term operation of kernel control module.

Described power module, communication module, kernel control module and ignition return circuit module or to be made up of discrete device or for single integrated chip.

Another technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of can the igniting method of the autonomous nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay, describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can comprise payment to a porter and body, described body comprises shell and is arranged on sparking gear, charging explosive in detonator, tail plug device and the control circuit in shell, the ignition element of sparking gear and charging explosive in detonator close contact, described control circuit comprises power module, communication module, kernel control module and the ignition return circuit module that circuit successively connects; Input A with B of described power module is connected with payment to a porter, and described ignition return circuit module is connected with described sparking gear circuit; Describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the ignition energy storage device be arranged in shell, described ignition energy storage device is parallel to sparking gear two ends;

Described igniting method comprises:

(1) detonator configuration, it is for configuring address exclusive separately for described each detonator, carrying out the reading of delay adjustments and UID code checking;

A. initial configuration: the adapter of outside is connected with described detonator payment to a porter;

B. this configuration flow comprises:

S101: adapter maintains bus low voltage power supply, and described detonator carries out power-up initializing, enters low-voltage state;

S102: adapter sends and reads UID code instruction;

S103: whether adapter receives the message that detonator feedback receives UID code instruction; Be in this way and receive, enter S104; Be as no and do not receive, enter S1031;

S1031: whether adapter is attempted sending again, namely gets back to S102 in this way; Just carry out troubleshooting as no, terminate described configuration flow;

S104: adapter extracts that the UID code that detonator stores carries out verifying, record;

S105: adapter judges that whether UID code is legal, is illegal, is judged to be Misuse as no, terminates described configuration flow; It is legal to be in this way, enters S106;

S106: adapter sends configuration address instruction;

S107: whether adapter receives the address configuration success message of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enter S108; As no, be and do not receive, enter S1071;

S1071: whether adapter is attempted sending again, namely gets back to S106 in this way; Be as no and do not attempt, carry out troubleshooting, terminate described configuration flow;

S108: adapter sends the instruction of configuration delay time;

S109: whether adapter receives the delay time configuration successful message of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enter S110; Be as no and do not receive, enter S1091;

S1091: whether adapter is attempted sending again, is and does not propose, carry out troubleshooting, terminate described configuration flow as no; Be proposition in this way, get back to S108;

S110: configured;

(2) networking is laid: the payment to a porter of n detonator be connected in parallel on outside adapter bus;

(3) detonate operation, the operation main flow that detonates comprises:

S201: adapter maintains bus low pressure mode power;

S202: assign instruction for No. n-th detonator;

S203: adapter sends and detects voltage instruction, monitoring ignition energy storage device voltage;

S204: whether adapter receives the voltage message of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enter S205; Be as no and do not receive, enter S2041;

S2041: whether adapter is attempted sending again, is proposition in this way, gets back to S203; Be as no and do not propose, carry out troubleshooting, detonate described in terminating operation main flow, and power-off is also fixed a breakdown;

S205: whether adapter is normal according to detonator feedback information analytical voltage, is normal in this way, enters S206; Be as no abnormal, enter S2051;

S2051: whether adapter is attempted sending again, is proposition in this way, gets back to S203; Be as no and do not propose, carry out troubleshooting, detonate described in terminating operation main flow, and power-off is also fixed a breakdown;

S206: adapter judges whether to need to configure again, and being as no does not need, and enters S207; Be needs in this way, enter S2061;

S2061: adapter sends relevant configuration instruction;

S2062: whether adapter receives the configuration successful message of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enter S2063; Be as no and do not receive, enter S20621;

S20621: whether adapter is attempted sending relevant configuration instruction again, and namely get back to S2061 in this way, be and do not attempt, carry out troubleshooting as no, detonate described in terminating operation main flow, and power-off is also fixed a breakdown;

S2063: adapter judges whether to continue other configurations, and be needs in this way, get back to S2061, being as no does not need, and enters S207;

S207: adapter sends detonating authorization checking instruction;

S208: whether adapter receives the result message of detonator feedback, is in this way and receives, enter S209; Be as no and do not receive, enter S2081;

S2081: whether adapter is attempted sending detonating authorization checking instruction again, and namely get back to S207 in this way, be and do not attempt, carry out troubleshooting as no, detonate described in terminating operation main flow, and power-off is also fixed a breakdown;

S209: adapter judges whether authority checking is passed through, and is in this way and is verified, enter S210; Be as no and do not pass through, enter S2091:

S2091: whether adapter is attempted sending detonating authorization checking instruction again, and namely get back to S207 in this way, be and do not attempt, be judged to be Misuse as no, detonate described in terminating operation main flow, power-off, extracts this detonator or change legal detonator;

S210: adapter judges whether that all detonator authority checkings are all passed through, and then enters S211 in this way; As otherwise get back to S202;

S211: assign instruction for No. n-th detonator;

S212: adapter sends de-preservation instruction;

S213: whether adapter receives the de-preservation success message of detonator feedback, just enters S214 in this way; As otherwise enter S2131;

S2131: whether adapter is attempted sending de-preservation instruction again, namely gets back to S212 in this way, as otherwise carry out troubleshooting, detonate described in terminating operation main flow, and power-off is also fixed a breakdown;

S214: whether adapter receives the de-preservation success message of all detonator feedbacks, just enters S215 in this way; As otherwise get back to S211;

S215: bus voltage drawn high by adapter, enters high pressure mode and powers;

S216: wait for the charging complete of detonator ignition energy storage device;

S217: assign instruction for No. n-th detonator;

S218: adapter sends and detects voltage instruction, monitoring charge condition;

S219: whether adapter receives the voltage message of detonator feedback, namely enters S220 in this way; As otherwise enter S2191;

S2191: whether adapter is attempted sending detecting voltage instruction again, namely gets back to S218 in this way; As otherwise carry out troubleshooting, detonate described in terminating operation main flow, and power-off is also fixed a breakdown;

S220: whether adapter is normal according to detonator feedback information analytical voltage, is normal in this way, then enters S221; Be as no abnormal, then enter S2201;

S2201: adapter determines whether to continue to wait for charging complete, is in this way and continues to wait for, then get back to S216; Be as no and do not continue to wait for, then carry out troubleshooting, detonate described in terminating operation main flow, and power-off is also fixed a breakdown;

S221: whether all adapter is normal according to detonator feedback information analysis detonator voltage, is normal in this way, enters S222; Be as no abnormal, get back to S217;

S222: adapter forward delay interval sign on, starts timing after instruction obtained by all networking detonators simultaneously;

S223: networking detonator has detonated separately.

Owing to taking technique scheme, the present invention independently the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay and control method thereof can have following beneficial effect:

1. the present invention's the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can have UID code, detonating authorization code authentication function, kernel control module can set in advance and store UID code and detonating authorization code, for time carry out associated verification, this makes detonator itself controlled, legal power safety is high, is also that circulation, the use of detonator provides very high controllability and trackability; Simultaneously the detonating authorization code verification mode of quickness and high efficiency avoid appearances " communication information entirely encrypt cause communicating become complicated, longer through the instruction of encryption, transmitting time also longer, communicate in be disturbed the possibility of makeing mistakes high " problem.

2. the present invention can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can independently time delay, even if demolition duty needs a large amount of segmentation, high density is laid, also without the need to using a large amount of adapters and relevant auxiliary equipment, on-the-spot laying is convenient, initiation control is accurate, demolition effect good, guarantees that demolition duty is smooth.

3. the communication module of the autonomous nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay can adopt FSK pulse modulated communication mode due to the present invention, make this digital electric detonator realize dual-voltage operation mode:

In setting before and after detonator is laid, testing process, the automatic conducting of the 5th NMOS tube V5 after detonator energising, dragged down by the input voltage of energy storage device and sparking gear, described digital electric detonator can work in low-voltage.Even if now detonator internal security device all lost efficacy, ignition loop conducting, also can not ignite sparking gear.Lay at detonator and detected by rear, kernel control module sends low level signal, described digital electric detonator can be removed safeguard protection state by instruction and enter high pressure mode, 5th NMOS tube V5 cut-off, bus voltage can directly be loaded into gets angry on energy storage device, and energy storage device of getting angry starts charging, fills after completing, namely detonator enters armed condition, receives instruction and just can detonate; If in ignition energy storage device charging way or after charging complete, need cancellation to detonate, kernel control module can control the 5th NMOS tube V5 conducting, the electric energy that stores of bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device, makes detonator recover safe condition.Dual-voltage operation mode improves the security in detonator configuration, testing process, effectively avoids quick-fried initiation potential by mistake.

4. the ignition return circuit module of the autonomous nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay can comprise protection circuit and for subsequent use rushing down can passage due to the present invention: protection circuit acquiescence provides protection voluntarily, without the need to ACTIVE CONTROL, just de-preservation is understood after receiving corresponding control signal, need to cancel the situation of detonating as run into simultaneously temporarily, it can also recovery and protection and can passage as getting angry mainly rushing down of energy storage device, electric energy in quick bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device, makes digital electric detonator return safe condition; When protection circuit the 5th NMOS tube V5 because of some failure condition present off state so that cannot effectively bleed off ignition energy storage device stored electric energy time; for subsequent use rush down can passage can after digital electric detonator power down automatic slowly bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device in electric energy; ensure that detonator leaves standstill a period of time; in ignition energy storage device, noenergy stores; digital electric detonator returns safe condition; sparking gear also cannot bleed off energy and meeting accident would not detonate because getting angry energy storage device in uncontrolled situation, thus greatly improves the security of execute-in-place.

5. the present invention the power module of the autonomous nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay can be configured with energy-storage travelling wave tube independent of getting angry outside energy storage device, circuit module running can not consume gets angry the energy of energy storage device; When circuit loses payment to a porter energy resource supply (namely payment to a porter is destroyed), the short-term running that energy-storage travelling wave tube in power module can provide electric energy to continue holding circuit, thus autonomous time delay after reaching timing startup, departing from the object worked alone under payment to a porter electric power thus supplied, the energy of energy storage device of simultaneously getting angry at the end of time delay does not have large decay, thus guarantees to detonate and complete smoothly.

6. the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can adopt two-wire system bus due to the present invention, communicate with adapter in pulse width modulation manner, only require that each detonator connects two payment to a porter, and without the need to distinguishing polarity, easy to use, mistake rate is low.

7. the present invention the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can use internal clocking or external clock module, use internal clocking module to reduce costs, use external clock module can obtain higher delay precision in very wide temperature range.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples can independently the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay and the technical characteristic of control method thereof be described further the present invention.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1: the present invention's can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator structural representation of autonomous time delay;

Fig. 2: the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator networking of autonomous time delay can lay connection diagram;

Fig. 3: the present invention's can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator kernel control module structured flowchart of autonomous time delay;

Fig. 4: the present invention's can independently nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit and the sparking gear of time delay and the energy storage device connecting circuit figure that gets angry;

Fig. 5: the present invention's can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator configuration flow figure of autonomous time delay;

Fig. 6: the present invention's can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator igniting method main flow chart of autonomous time delay;

Fig. 7: embodiment one can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram of autonomous time delay;

Fig. 8: embodiment two can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram of autonomous time delay;

Fig. 9: embodiment three can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram of autonomous time delay;

Figure 10: embodiment four can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram of autonomous time delay;

Figure 11: external clock module circuit diagram;

Figure 12: embodiment four can independently nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit and the sparking gear of time delay and the energy storage device connecting circuit figure that gets angry;

Figure 13: the present invention's can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator internal work flow process figure of autonomous time delay.

In figure:

G, G1, G2, G3 ... Gn-can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, I-payment to a porter, II-body, III-control circuit, M-quartz crystal oscillator;

21-shell, 22-sparking gear, 23-strengthening cap, 24-charging explosive in detonator, 25-tail plug device, 31-power module, 32-communication module, 33-kernel control module, 331-digital microcontroller module, 332-internal electric source administration module, 333-non-volatile memory module, 334-I/O controller module, 335-ADC module, 336-internal clocking module, 34-ignition return circuit module, 35-ignition energy storage device.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment one

A kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, comprise payment to a porter I and body II, described body comprises shell 21 and is arranged on the sparking gear 22 in shell, charging explosive in detonator 24, tail plug device 25 and control circuit III, the ignition element of sparking gear 22 and charging explosive in detonator 24 close contact, described control circuit comprises the power module 31 that circuit successively connects, communication module 32, kernel control module 33 and return circuit module 34 of getting angry, input A with B of described power module 31 is connected with payment to a porter, return circuit module 34 of getting angry is connected with sparking gear 22 circuit.

The effect of described power module 31: one is extract electric energy by payment to a porter from the signal of telecommunication that outside inputs, is converted to the working power that applicable communication module, kernel control module and ignition return circuit module use; Two is keep independently the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay and upper control machine or adapter to carry out communication information exchange by payment to a porter;

The effect of described communication module 32 is from the signal of payment to a porter input, extracts the bus command information of upper control machine or adapter, sends to kernel control module 33 to process;

The effect of described kernel control module 33 information that communication module sends is carried out analyzing, judges, processes, stores, and realize logic control function, and require to perform corresponding program according to adapter: one is store UID code, detonating authorization code, two is that the authorization code sent by adapter and the detonating authorization code self stored carry out contrast verification, three is open or closedown authorized order, comprise the execution authority of charging instruction, time delay sign on, four is assign to ignition return circuit module or cancel fuze, and five is control communication module back information;

The effect of described ignition return circuit module 34 is instructions that reception kernel control module 33 sends, and helps kernel control module realization to the monitoring of sparking gear 22 real-time status and detonates or cancel the various operations of detonating.

Describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the ignition energy storage device 35 be arranged in shell, described ignition energy storage device 35 is made up of the 3rd electric capacity C3 being parallel to sparking gear 22 two ends, the positive pole of the 3rd electric capacity C3 connects the positive terminal of sparking gear, negative pole connects the negative pole end of sparking gear, described 3rd electric capacity C3 is large bulk capacitance device, be arranged on tail plug device inner chamber, the effect of energy storage device of getting angry is for sparking gear provides energy needed for blasting cap initiation moment.

Described kernel control module 33 forms primarily of digital microcontroller module 331, internal electric source administration module 332, non-volatile memory module 333, I/O controller module 334, ADC module 335 and internal clocking module 336;

Described digital microcontroller module 331 is control centres of kernel control module, and its effect performs various calculating or instruction by the program of its inner programming;

Described internal electric source administration module 332 provides suitable power supply management and control for other modules in kernel control module, it is controlled by digital microcontroller module, its effect: one is the instruction of combine digital micro controller module, close or open the power supply of other modules except digital micro controller module, with minimization system power consumption; Two is carry out voltage detecting, when input voltage too low or unstable time by result send notify digital microprocessor module, can take measures in time to avoid occurring control disorder;

Described non-volatile memory module 333, can by the instruction of digital microcontroller module 331 for storing delay adjustments, address setting, authority checking data related configuration data, the operation of write data, wipe, reading;

Described I/O controller module 334 provides the service relevant to exchanges data and port driver for kernel control module, wherein:

No. 1 port is input port, for receiving the signal after bus demodulation;

All output ports power on and are defaulted as high-impedance state;

The i.e. analog-to-digital conversion module of described ADC module 335, its effect is: send the digital information being gathered, change ignition return circuit module 34 voltage gained by pulse code modulation mode to digital microcontroller module 331 and process, for monitoring and judging that whether ignition return circuit module voltage is normal and whether sparking gear state is intact, ADC module uses No. 4 ports as input;

Described internal clocking module 336 provides the clock signal needed for work for digital microcontroller module 331;

Described power module 31 is made up of rectifier bridge, output voltage stabilizing circuit and energy-storage travelling wave tube:

Described rectifier bridge is made up of 4 commutation diodes, described output voltage stabilizing circuit is made up of the 1st triode V1, the 1st resistance R1 and the 1st Zener diode VZ1, input A with B of rectifier bridge is connected with payment to a porter I, the cathode output end E that rectification exports connects the colelctor electrode of the 1st triode V1, the base stage of the 1st triode V1 connects ground connection after the 1st Zener diode VZ1, the emitter stage of the 1st triode connects the VCC port of kernel control module 33, and ground connection after simultaneously connecing energy-storage travelling wave tube, between the colelctor electrode that the 1st resistance R1 is connected in parallel on the 1st triode V1 and base stage; Described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises the emitter stage of positive pole termination the 1st triode V1 of Large Copacity accumulation energy type electric capacity C1 in parallel and the 4th electric capacity C4, Large Copacity accumulation energy type electric capacity C1, negative pole end ground connection;

The effect of rectifier bridge be the signal of telecommunication rectification inputted from payment to a porter is adjusted to be applicable to process polarity after flow to after circuit;

The effect of output voltage stabilizing circuit is that cutting out partial energy being transformed to stablizes communication module after suitable direct current supply and kernel control module uses from rectifier bridge output signal;

The effect of energy-storage travelling wave tube is when payment to a porter is destroyed, output voltage stabilizing circuit loses payment to a porter energy resource supply, continues to provide electric energy to maintain the short-term operation of kernel control module.

Described communication module 32 comprises receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit:

Described receiving circuit is made up of the 2nd electric capacity C2, the 4th resistance R4, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance R6 and the 3rd NMOS tube V3, the source ground of the 3rd NMOS tube V3, drain electrode connect kernel control module No. 1 port, meet the 6th resistance R6 simultaneously after connect the VCC port of kernel control module 33, between the grid that 5th resistance R5 is connected in parallel on the 3rd NMOS tube V3 and source electrode, the grid of the 2nd electric capacity C2 mono-termination the 3rd NMOS tube V3, meets power module rectification output cathode end E after another termination the 4th resistance R4; The effect of described receiving circuit realizes communication receiving function, wherein:

4th resistance R4, the 2nd electric capacity C2 and the 5th resistance R5 form high-pass filtering circuit, and its effect is separated from FSK pulse-modulated signal control signal;

The effect of the 3rd NMOS tube V3 and the 6th resistance R6 is amplified and switching levels by the signal demodulated, and delivers control core resume module;

Described transtation mission circuit is made up of the 2nd resistance R2, the 3rd resistance R3 and the 2nd triode V2, the grounded emitter of the 2nd triode V2, colelctor electrode meets power module rectification output cathode end E after meeting the 2nd resistance R2, base stage connects No. 2 ports of kernel control module 33 after meeting the 3rd resistance R3; Described transtation mission circuit effect realizes communication sending function, transtation mission circuit is by the control of kernel control module 33, kernel control module drags down bus level by control the 2nd triode V2 short time conducting and manufactures negative pulse, sends information to adapter by payment to a porter, bus.

Described ignition return circuit module comprises obstruct circuit, potential-divider network, bypass resistance, rushes down energy passage and the control of catch fire circuit:

Described obstruct circuit is made up of the 1st diode VD1 be serially connected with between power module rectification output cathode end E and the positive terminal Q of sparking gear 22, the 7th resistance R7, power module rectification output cathode end E is met after positive pole termination the 7th resistance R7 of the 1st diode VD1,7th resistance R7 plays metering function, ensure that ignition energy storage device can fill energy with the speed of safety, the effect of the 1st diode VD1 stops the energy of ignition energy storage device to be lost in other circuit;

Described potential-divider network is made up of the 10th resistance R10 and the 11st resistance R11,10th resistance R10 one end meets the negative pole end P of sparking gear 22, ground connection after other end serial connection the 11st resistance R11, the common junction of the 10th resistance R10 and the 11st resistance R11 connects No. 4 ports of kernel control module, the effect of potential-divider network is to coordinate the real-time working voltage of kernel control module to ignition energy storage device and sparking gear to carry out sampling monitoring, for No. 4 ports of kernel control module provide sampled voltage;

Described bypass resistance the 9th resistance R9 is connected in parallel between positive and negative end Q and P of sparking gear, for regulating sparking gear impedance operator, improves Fire Reliability;

Described rushing down can be constituted jointly by the 9th resistance R9, the 10th resistance R10 and the 11st resistance R11 by passage, its effect is the electric energy that effective bleed off ignition energy storage device has stored, after leaving standstill a period of time after ensureing detonator power down, in ignition energy storage device, noenergy stores, avoid sparking gear in uncontrolled situation because getting angry energy storage device bleed off energy and meeting accident to detonate, guarantee safety;

Described the control of catch fire circuit is made up of the 12nd resistance R12 and the 4th NMOS tube V4, the grid of the 4th NMOS tube V4 connects No. 3 ports of kernel control module, drain electrode meets the negative pole end P of sparking gear, source ground, between the grid that 12nd resistance R12 is connected in parallel on the 4th NMOS tube V4 and source electrode, the control of catch fire circuit is for blocking or the performance loop of conducting sparking gear.

Described ignition return circuit module also comprises protection circuit and input stabilizing circuit:

Described protection circuit is made up of the 8th resistance R8, the 13rd resistance R13, the 14th resistance R14 and the 5th NMOS tube V5, the negative pole end that grid connects No. 5 ports of kernel control module, the drain electrode of the 5th NMOS tube V5 meets the 1st diode VD1 of the 5th NMOS tube V5, between the grid that 14th resistance R14 is connected in parallel on the 5th NMOS tube V5 and source electrode, the grid of the 13rd resistance R13 mono-termination the 5th NMOS tube V5, the positive terminal of another termination the 1st diode VD1, the drain electrode of the 8th resistance R8 mono-termination the 5th NMOS tube V5, the other end meets the positive terminal Q of sparking gear 22; Protection circuit is used for providing controlled safety protection function for detonator, and the 8th resistance R8 is used for current limliting, can with the electric energy of suitable speed bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device when making the 5th NMOS tube V5 conducting;

The duty of protection circuit is controlled by No. 5 ports of kernel control module, under acquiescence electrifying condition, No. 5 ports are high-impedance state, 13rd resistance R13, 14 resistance R14 form bleeder circuit and drive the 5th NMOS tube V5 conducting to drag down ignition energy storage device input voltage, it is made to charge, ensure that sparking gear is in higher safe condition, when needs are to the charging of ignition energy storage device, kernel control module drags down No. 5 port level, 5th NMOS tube V5 cut-off, stop dragging down ignition energy storage device input voltage, so energy storage device of getting angry can start charging, the interior electric energy stored of energy storage device of getting angry is loaded on sparking gear, sparking gear has been got angry and has been detonated.Detonate as cancelled, kernel control module allows No. 5 to hold recovery high-impedance state, the 5th NMOS tube V5 conducting, and the electric energy that the energy storage device C3 that gets angry stores is fallen by R8 and the quick bleed off of the 5th NMOS tube V5;

Described input stabilizing circuit is made up of the second Zener diode VZ2, the positive terminal of positive pole termination the 1st diode VD1 of the second Zener diode VZ2, the negative pole end ground connection of the second Zener diode VZ2, input stabilizing circuit is used for the input voltage of stable ignition energy storage device: because the long lead being used as bus exists larger impedance, make to be connected to the input voltage that near-end and far-end detonator obtain and there is larger difference, the input voltage of far-end detonator is less than near-end, the detonator connected to allow far-end also can obtain enough voltage inputs, bus voltage must be improved to make up the loss of conductor impedance to voltage, but the detonator being now connected to near-end just has to bear higher voltage, the detonator connected in order to avoid near-end causes getting angry energy storage device damage because input voltage is too high, just must stablize at ignition energy storage device input and live magnitude of voltage, avoid exceeding it and bear the limit.

In above-described embodiment, described power module 31, communication module 32 and ignition return circuit module 34 are made up of discrete device, kernel control module 33 is single integrated chip.

Embodiment one can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram of autonomous time delay see Fig. 7, control circuit and sparking gear and get angry energy storage device connection line figure see Fig. 4.

Embodiment two

A kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, its basic comprising is identical with embodiment one, comprise payment to a porter I and body II, described body comprises shell 21 and is arranged on the sparking gear 22 in shell, charging explosive in detonator 24, tail plug device 25 and control circuit III, the ignition element of sparking gear 22 and charging explosive in detonator 24 close contact, described control circuit comprises the power module 31 that circuit successively connects, communication module 32, kernel control module 33 and return circuit module 34 of getting angry, input A with B of described power module 31 is connected with payment to a porter, return circuit module 34 of getting angry is connected with sparking gear 22 circuit, describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the ignition energy storage device 35 be arranged in shell, described ignition energy storage device 35 is parallel to sparking gear 22 two ends.

Difference is: the clock signal needed for described digital microcontroller module is provided by external external clock module; Clock signal producing method because of internal clocking module is RC circuit mode, RC circuit clock precision is lower, temperature influence is large, and use external external clock module to provide clock signal can improve delay precision in wide temperature range, now kernel control module can close internal clocking module.

Embodiment two can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram of autonomous time delay see Fig. 8.

Embodiment three

A kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, its basic comprising is identical with embodiment two, comprise payment to a porter I and body II, described body comprises shell 21 and is arranged on the sparking gear 22 in shell, charging explosive in detonator 24, tail plug device 25 and control circuit III, the ignition element of sparking gear 22 and charging explosive in detonator 24 close contact, described control circuit comprises the power module 31 that circuit successively connects, communication module 32, kernel control module 33 and return circuit module 34 of getting angry, input A with B of described power module 31 is connected with payment to a porter, return circuit module 34 of getting angry is connected with sparking gear 22 circuit, describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the ignition energy storage device 35 be arranged in shell, described ignition energy storage device 35 is parallel to sparking gear 22 two ends.

Difference is: described ignition return circuit module does not comprise protection circuit.

Embodiment three can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram of autonomous time delay see Fig. 9.

Embodiment four

Difference is: described ignition return circuit module 34 is not containing protection circuit.

Embodiment four can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator control circuit theory diagram of autonomous time delay see Figure 10, control circuit and sparking gear and get angry energy storage device connection line figure see Figure 12.

Conversion as above-described embodiment one ~ embodiment four:

Described power module 31, communication module 32 and ignition return circuit module 34 also can single integrated chips.

Embodiment five

A kind of can the igniting method of the autonomous nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay, describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can comprise payment to a porter I and body II, described body II comprises shell 21 and is arranged on sparking gear 22, charging explosive in detonator 24, tail plug device 25 and the control circuit III in shell 21, the ignition element of sparking gear 22 and charging explosive in detonator 24 close contact, described control circuit comprises power module 31, communication module 32, kernel control module 33 and the ignition return circuit module 34 that circuit successively connects; Input A with B of described power module 31 is connected with payment to a porter, and described ignition return circuit module 34 is connected with described sparking gear 22 circuit; Describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the ignition energy storage device 35 be arranged in shell, described ignition energy storage device 35 is parallel to sparking gear 22 two ends.

Described igniting method comprises:

B. this configuration flow comprises:

S102: adapter sends and reads UID code instruction;

S106: adapter sends configuration address instruction;

S108: adapter sends the instruction of configuration delay time;

S110: configured;

(3) detonate operation, the operation main flow that detonates comprises:

S201: adapter maintains bus low pressure mode power;

S202: assign instruction for No. n-th detonator;

S2061: adapter sends relevant configuration instruction;

S207: adapter sends detonating authorization checking instruction;

S211: assign instruction for No. n-th detonator;

S212: adapter sends de-preservation instruction;

S215: bus voltage drawn high by adapter, enters high pressure mode and powers;

S217: assign instruction for No. n-th detonator;

S223: networking detonator has detonated separately.

After protection circuit de-preservation; to in the flow process before forward delay interval sign on; adapter can send recovery and protection instruction at any time and allow and specify the protection circuit recovery and protection state of detonator; detonator meeting feedback successful operation message is specified after recovery and protection success; as adapter does not receive this message; can attempt again sending recovery and protection instruction, or be judged to be fault, carry out troubleshooting.

Illustrate: " detonator " described in above-described embodiment one to embodiment five, all refer to the present invention can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay.

Note

(1) the present invention can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator structure brief introduction of autonomous time delay:

Payment to a porter I be described can the independently nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay and the extraneous approach be connected, the supply of digital electric detonator work and the required energy that detonates and the communication information exchange, all completed by these two payment to a porter, two nonpolarity differentiations of payment to a porter;

Shell 21: be described can the coated housing in outside of the autonomous nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay;

Control circuit III comprises: power module 31, communication module 32, kernel control module 33 and return circuit module 34 of getting angry, each module or be made up of discrete device or single integrated chip, can independently the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay all functions and control all to be realized by it;

Sparking gear 22: for generation of described can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay detonating the driving of required ignition energy, its controlled circuit III of detonating, the powder charge of described digital electric detonator front portion of can igniting.Control circuit board 4 can drive multiple sparking gear (in certain drive voltage range), as the various non-high-tension ignition device that may occur in thermal bridge wire type sparking gear, plasma sparking gear and future;

Strengthening cap 23: for compression and the structural strengthening of charging explosive in detonator, reduces the possibility that powder charge is cracked;

Charging explosive in detonator 24: be described can the internal charge of the autonomous nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay, be the main source of blasting cap detonation energy;

Tail plug device 25: for sealing detonator shell, its inner hollow, can be designed to different length and diameter as required, holds the Large Copacity ignition energy storage device that a volume is larger;

Get angry energy storage device 35: can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay to detonate moment sparking gear institute energy requirement for storing specially, these electric energy only supply sparking gear use.

(2) can the control circuit of the autonomous nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay about the operation principle in loop and mode of operation brief introduction:

1. the operation principle of protection circuit:

Protection circuit comprises the 8th resistance R8, the 14th resistance R14, the 13rd resistance R13, the 5th NMOS tube V5, its duty is controlled by No. 5 ports of kernel control module, under acquiescence electrifying condition, No. 5 ports are high-impedance state, 14th resistance R14, the 13rd resistance R13 form bleeder circuit and drive the 5th NMOS tube V5 conducting, the input voltage of ignition energy storage device and sparking gear is dragged down, makes it charge, ensure that sparking gear is in higher safe condition; When needs are to the charging of ignition energy storage device, kernel control module sends low level signal, drags down No. 5 port level, and the 5th NMOS tube V5 ends immediately, stops dragging down ignition energy storage device input voltage, so ignition energy storage device can start charging; 8th resistance R8 is used for current limliting, can with the electric energy of suitable speed bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device when making the 5th NMOS tube V5 conducting, if in ignition energy storage device charging way or after charging complete, cancellation is needed to detonate, kernel control module can control the 5th NMOS tube V5 conducting, the electric energy that bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device stores, makes detonator recover safe condition;

2. the operation principle of the control of catch fire circuit:

The control of catch fire circuit comprises resistance R12, the 4th NMOS tube V4, under general state, kernel control module No. 3 ports are high-impedance state, 4th NMOS tube V4 cut-off blocks sparking gear and forms performance loop, it is made to work, after kernel control module sends the high signal of telecommunication, No. 3 ports draw high the 4th NMOS tube V4 conducting after level signal, and the electric energy stored in energy storage device of getting angry is loaded on sparking gear, and sparking gear has been got angry and detonated;

3. internal clocking module and external clock module:

The clock signal producing method of internal clocking module is RC circuit mode, RC circuit clock precision is lower, and temperature influence is large, as needs improve delay precision in wide temperature range, kernel control module can close internal clocking module, uses external external clock module to provide clock signal.External clock modular circuit schematic diagram is shown in Figure 11, and M is quartz crystal oscillator, and electric capacity C6, C7 size is selected according to quartz crystal oscillator characteristic, is generally tens of pF, and resistance R15 is that impedance matching is used;

4. the dual-voltage operation mode of this digital electric detonator employing:

So-called univoltage refers to that the bus operating voltage that payment to a porter inputs is a fixed value, and this magnitude of voltage is equal to or higher than the minimum operating voltage of sparking gear, if namely the conducting of sparking gear loop can detonate under this supply voltage;

Twin voltage pattern refers to that the bus operating voltage that payment to a porter inputs has two values, one is low voltage value, one is high-voltage value, low-voltage is when being in low voltage value, namely described digital electric detonator payment to a porter input voltage is lower than the state of the minimum operating voltage of sparking gear, now no matter sparking gear loop whether conducting, sparking gear is all difficult to work and ignites powder charge, and the operation such as meanwhile detonator communication, configuration and detection is unaffected; The state that described digital electric detonator payment to a porter input voltage is equal to or higher than the minimum operating voltage of sparking gear is high pressure mode, and situation when being in high pressure mode is equal to above-mentioned univoltage pattern;

The benefit of use twin voltage pattern is, in communication before and after detonator is laid, configuration, testing process, described digital electric detonator can work in low-voltage, even if now detonator internal components lost efficacy, there is the situation of sparking gear loop conducting, also can not cause by mistake quick-fried;

Lay at detonator and detected by rear, described digital electric detonator can be removed safeguard protection state by instruction and enter high pressure mode, adapter or higher level's control appliance can improve bus voltage and enter high pressure conditions, energy storage device for all digital electric detonators in bus fills can, fill after completing, namely detonator enters armed condition, receives instruction and just can detonate;

5. this digital electric detonator adopts the principle of FSK pulse two-way communication to be: transmit leg uses particular electrical circuit on bus direct current supply voltage, modulate the negative sense electric impulse signal of some frequency, recipient demodulates these pulse signals by receiving circuit again, realizes the transmission of signal;

6. about UID code:

UID code is the unique identify label coding of every detonator, is stored in the kernel control module in detonator, can be adapted device or host controller reads, but can not be rewritten by it; By reading UID code, user, adapter or host controller can judge whether this detonator is authorized to for this demolition duty, in conjunction with the library management of UID code data, more can review the relevant information of the production circulation of this detonator;

7. about the checking of detonating authorization code:

The checking of detonating authorization code is the password authentification must passed through before detonator enters armed condition, and checking work is completed by detonator self, and adapter or host controller are only responsible for transmitting identifying code to detonator;

Detonating authorization code is stored in the kernel control module in detonator, can customize in the kernel control module of write detonator in advance according to mission requirements, just can not be modified or read once setting.Before detonator enters armed condition, the authorization code that adapter or host controller can be sent and the authorization code self stored contrast, if both are consistent, and the execution authority of the open authorized order (comprising charging instruction, time delay sign on) of detonator; If inconsistent, then detonator can not open the execution authority of authorized order, also can not be performed even if receive authorized order, thus detonator cannot be detonated; After power down, no matter before whether licensing status opens, and licensing status can be reset to non-opening by detonator automatically; The existence of detonating authorization code, directly can limit the scope of application of certain batch of detonator, if do not grasp detonating authorization code, even if so hold detonator and related control device, also cannot realize detonating, guarantee the safe and reliable of detonator.

(3) flow process relevant issues illustrate:

Flow process, i.e. the peripheral operation flow process of the outside actual use operation of detonator are divided into two flow processs: configuration flow (see accompanying drawing 5) and operation main flow (see accompanying drawing 6) of detonating;

Configuration flow main purpose is each detonator configuration address exclusive separately, such networking just can access certain specific detonator by demand after laying, adapter often sends an instruction all can attach a detonator address, the detonator that this instruction only can be configured this address performs (except time delay sign on, it one send can be performed by wired upper detonator simultaneously); In layoutprocedure, detonator needs to connect separately to be one by one configured, and can take off and lay for networking after having configured; This process also comprises the reading proof procedure of UID code, and UID code reads from detonator, carries out checking record by adapter, and as found, UID code just can not judge to use in violation of rules and regulations in the scope that this is licensed; Delay adjustments also can here be arranged;

The operation main flow that detonates be detonator configure also networking laid after operating process;

" assign instruction for No. n-th detonator " and refer to and instruction is assigned to detonators some on line.The address of each detonator configuration be in fact just equivalent to each detonator compile number, adapter can operate corresponding detonator one by one according to address, and the instruction that now adapter sends only has this detonator just can be performed, and on other lines, detonator can not be performed.

" troubleshooting " refers to and thinks that detonator or circuit exist fault, needs to carry out inspection reparation; The flow process of " troubleshooting " first sends recovery and protection instruction to the detonator of protection circuit de-preservation one by one to allow their protection circuit recovery and protection; then cut off bus-powered; after whole detonator network being left standstill a period of time (being generally several minutes), can carry out checking, extract, manual operation that replacing etc. is fixed a breakdown.Now all detonators are regardless of state, and it gets angry electric energy stored by energy storage device all by protection circuit or rush down and can fall by passage bleed off, in a safe condition.

" the need of configuring ", refers to if temporary needs changes the delay time of certain detonator, or reads its UID code, now can carry out corresponding operating again;

" send detonating authorization checking instruction " refers to that adapter sends authority checking code to some detonators, allows it authority checking code received and the authority checking code self stored be contrasted, and consistent words are just thought and are verified, otherwise are judgement violations;

Carried out twice voltage measurement in flow process, the object being for the first time detects protection circuit whether to be in guard mode, detects it is almost that 0 voltage illustrates that protection circuit is normally in guard mode, detect that high voltage illustrates protection circuit fault; Secondary object judges charge condition, if voltage departs from desired value all the time much fault has been described;

Accompanying drawing 13 is detonator internal work flow processs:

Detonator is each only can receive and perform an instruction, enters wait state subsequently, waits for the arrival of next instruction.Then which bar instruction carries out contrasting what judge that adapter requirement performs is, if not this instruction just judgement be another instruction.If neither one instruction meets after contrasting a circle one by one, that detonator just thinks that this is an illegal command, is abandoned.If do not carry out authority checking by peripheral operation flow process and passed through, just directly send the instruction requiring detonator de-preservation or detonate, so detonator can not perform relevant operational, and can feedback offending message.Whether after detonator power down, no matter before authorize under power-up state and open, licensing status can be reset to non-opening by detonator automatically.

Claims

1. one kind can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, comprise payment to a porter (I) and body (II), described body comprises shell (21) and is arranged on the sparking gear (22) in shell, charging explosive in detonator (24) and tail plug device (25), the ignition element of sparking gear (22) and charging explosive in detonator (24) close contact, describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the control circuit (III) be arranged in shell, described control circuit comprises the power module (31) that circuit successively connects, communication module (32), kernel control module (33) and return circuit module (34) of getting angry, input A with B of described power module (31) is connected with payment to a porter, and described ignition return circuit module (34) is connected with described sparking gear (22) circuit,

Described power module (31) for: one is extract electric energy the signal of telecommunication inputted by payment to a porter from outside, is converted to the working power that applicable described communication module (32), described kernel control module (33) and described ignition return circuit module (34) use; Two is keep described by payment to a porter independently the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay and upper control machine or adapter to carry out communication information exchange;

Described communication module (32) for receiving the signal from payment to a porter input, and extracts the bus command signal of adapter, is sent to by signal described kernel control module (33) to process;

Described kernel control module (33) carries out analyzing for information communication module sent, judge, processes, stores, and realize logic control function, and require to perform corresponding program according to adapter: one is store UID code, detonating authorization code, two is that the authorization code sent by adapter and the detonating authorization code self stored carry out contrast verification, three is open or closedown authorized order, comprise the execution authority of charging instruction, time delay sign on, four is assign to ignition return circuit module or cancel fuze, and five is control communication module back information;

The instruction that described ignition return circuit module (34) sends for receiving kernel control module (33), helps kernel control module realization to the monitoring of sparking gear (22) real-time status and detonates or cancel the various operations of detonating, it is characterized in that:

Described communication module (32) comprises receiving circuit and transtation mission circuit:

Described receiving circuit is by the 2nd electric capacity (C2), 4th resistance (R4), 5th resistance (R5), 6th resistance (R6) and the 3rd NMOS tube (V3) composition, the source ground of the 3rd NMOS tube (V3), drain electrode connects No. 1 port of kernel control module, connect the VCC port of kernel control module (33) after connecing the 6th resistance (R6) simultaneously, between the grid that 5th resistance (R5) is connected in parallel on the 3rd NMOS tube (V3) and source electrode, the grid of the 2nd electric capacity (C2) one termination the 3rd NMOS tube (V3), power module rectification output cathode end E is met after another termination the 4th resistance (R4), described receiving circuit is used for realizing communication receiving function, wherein:

4th resistance (R4), the 2nd electric capacity (C2) and the 5th resistance (R5) form high-pass filtering circuit, for control signal being separated from pulse-modulated signal;

3rd NMOS tube (V3) and the 6th resistance (R6) amplify and switching levels for the signal that will demodulate, and deliver kernel control module process;

Described transtation mission circuit is made up of the 2nd resistance (R2), the 3rd resistance (R3) and the 2nd triode (V2), the grounded emitter of the 2nd triode (V2), colelctor electrode meets power module rectification output cathode end E after connecing the 2nd resistance (R2), base stage connects No. 2 ports of kernel control module (33) after connecing the 3rd resistance (R3); Described transtation mission circuit is used for realizing communication sending function, transtation mission circuit is by the control of kernel control module (33), kernel control module drags down bus level by control the 2nd triode (V2) short time conducting and manufactures negative pulse, sends signal to the outside adapter connected by payment to a porter, bus.

2. according to claim 1 a kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, it is characterized in that:

Described obstruct circuit is made up of the 1st diode (VD1) between the positive terminal Q being serially connected with power module rectification output cathode end E and sparking gear (22) and the 7th resistance (R7), power module rectification output cathode end E is met after the positive pole termination the 7th resistance (R7) of the 1st diode (VD1), 7th resistance (R7) plays metering function, ensure that ignition energy storage device can fill energy with the speed of safety, the effect of the 1st diode (VD1) stops the energy of ignition energy storage device to be lost in other circuit;

Described potential-divider network is made up of the 10th resistance (R10) and 11 resistance (R11), 10th resistance (R10) one end meets the negative pole end P of sparking gear (22), other end serial connection the 11st resistance (R11) ground connection afterwards, 10th resistance (R10) connects No. 4 ports of kernel control module with the common junction of the 11st resistance (R11), potential-divider network carries out sampling monitoring, for No. 4 ports of kernel control module provide sampled voltage for coordinating the real-time working voltage of kernel control module to ignition energy storage device and sparking gear;

Described bypass resistance the 9th resistance (R9) is connected in parallel between positive and negative end Q and P of sparking gear, for regulating sparking gear impedance operator, improves Fire Reliability;

Described rushing down can be constituted jointly with the 11st resistance (R11) by the 9th resistance (R9), the 10th resistance (R10) by passage, for the electric energy that effective bleed off ignition energy storage device has stored, after ensureing that detonator leaves standstill a period of time, in ignition energy storage device, noenergy stores, avoid sparking gear in uncontrolled situation because getting angry energy storage device bleed off energy and meeting accident to detonate, guarantee safety;

Described the control of catch fire circuit is made up of the 12nd resistance (R12) and the 4th NMOS tube (V4), the grid of the 4th NMOS tube (V4) connects No. 3 ports of kernel control module, drain electrode meets the negative pole end P of sparking gear (22), source ground, between the grid that 12nd resistance (R12) is connected in parallel on the 4th NMOS tube (V4) and source electrode, the control of catch fire circuit is for blocking or the performance loop of conducting sparking gear.

3. according to claim 1 and 2 a kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, it is characterized in that: described ignition return circuit module also comprises protection circuit and input stabilizing circuit:

Described protection circuit is by the 8th resistance (R8), 13rd resistance (R13), 14th resistance (R14) and the 5th NMOS tube (V5) composition, the grid of the 5th NMOS tube (V5) connects No. 5 ports of kernel control module, the drain electrode of the 5th NMOS tube (V5) connects the negative pole end of the 1st diode (VD1), between the grid that 14th resistance (R14) is connected in parallel on the 5th NMOS tube (V5) and source electrode, the grid of the 13rd resistance (R13) one termination the 5th NMOS tube (V5), the positive terminal of another termination the 1st diode (VD1), the drain electrode of the 8th resistance (R8) one termination the 5th NMOS tube (V5), the other end meets the positive terminal Q of sparking gear (22), protection circuit is used for providing controlled safety protection function for detonator, and the 8th resistance (R8), can with the electric energy of suitable speed bleed off hair loss fire energy storage device when making the 5th NMOS tube (V5) conducting for current limliting,

Described input stabilizing circuit is made up of the second Zener diode (VZ2), the positive terminal of the positive pole termination the 1st diode (VD1) of the second Zener diode (VZ2), the negative pole end ground connection of the second Zener diode (VZ2), input stabilizing circuit is used for the input voltage stablizing energy storage device.

4. according to claim 3 a kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, it is characterized in that:

Describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the ignition energy storage device (35) be arranged in shell, described ignition energy storage device (35) is made up of the 3rd electric capacity (C3) being parallel to sparking gear (22) two ends, the positive pole of the 3rd electric capacity (C3) connects the positive terminal of sparking gear, negative pole connects the negative pole end of sparking gear, described 3rd electric capacity (C3) is large bulk capacitance device, be arranged on tail plug device inner chamber, get angry energy storage device for providing the energy needed for blasting cap initiation moment for sparking gear.

5. according to claim 4 a kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, it is characterized in that:

Described kernel control module (33) forms primarily of digital microcontroller module (331), internal electric source administration module (332), non-volatile memory module (333), I/O controller module (334), ADC module (335) and internal clocking module (336);

Described digital microcontroller module (331) is the control centre of kernel control module, for performing various calculating or instruction by the program of its inner programming;

Described internal electric source administration module (332) provides suitable power supply management and control for other modules in kernel control module, it is controlled by digital microcontroller module, for: one, the instruction of combine digital micro controller module, close or open the power supply of other modules except digital micro controller module, with minimization system power consumption; Two, carry out voltage detecting, when input voltage too low or unstable time by result send notify digital microprocessor module, can take measures in time to avoid occurring control disorder;

Described non-volatile memory module (333) is for storing delay adjustments, address setting, authority checking data configuration, the operation that can write data, wipe, read by the instruction of digital microcontroller module (331);

Described I/O controller module (334) provides the service relevant to exchanges data and port driver for kernel control module, wherein:

No. 1 port is input port, for receiving the signal after bus demodulation;

All output ports power on and are defaulted as high-impedance state;

Described ADC module (335) i.e. analog-to-digital conversion module, for: send the digital information being gathered, change ignition return circuit module (34) voltage gained by pulse code modulation mode to digital microcontroller module (331) process, for monitoring and judging that whether ignition return circuit module voltage is normal and whether sparking gear state is intact, ADC module uses No. 4 ports as input;

Described internal clocking module (336) provides the clock signal needed for work for digital microcontroller module (331).

6. according to claim 5 a kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, it is characterized in that: the clock signal needed for described digital microcontroller module (331) or provided by internal clocking module (336), or provided by external external clock module.

7. according to claim 6 a kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, it is characterized in that: described power module (31) is made up of rectifier bridge, output voltage stabilizing circuit and energy-storage travelling wave tube:

Described rectifier bridge is made up of 4 commutation diodes, described output voltage stabilizing circuit is by the 1st triode (V1), 1st resistance (R1) and the 1st Zener diode (VZ1) composition, input A with B of rectifier bridge is connected with payment to a porter (I), cathode output end E connects the colelctor electrode of the 1st triode (V1), the base stage of the 1st triode (V1) connects the 1st Zener diode (VZ1) ground connection afterwards, the emitter stage of the 1st triode (V1) connects the VCC port of kernel control module (33), and ground connection after simultaneously connecing energy-storage travelling wave tube, between the colelctor electrode that 1st resistance (R1) is connected in parallel on the 1st triode (V1) and base stage, described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises Large Copacity accumulation energy type electric capacity (C1) in parallel and the 4th electric capacity (C4), the emitter stage of the positive pole termination the 1st triode (V1) of Large Copacity accumulation energy type electric capacity (C1), negative pole end ground connection,

8. according to claim 7 a kind of can the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay, it is characterized in that:

Described power module (31), communication module (32), kernel control module (33) and the return circuit module (34) or to be made up of discrete device or for single integrated chip of getting angry.

9. one kind can the igniting method of the autonomous nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of time delay, it is characterized in that: describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can comprise payment to a porter (I) and body (II), described body (II) comprises shell (21) and is arranged on the sparking gear (22) in shell (21), charging explosive in detonator (24), tail plug device (25) and control circuit (III), the ignition element of sparking gear (22) and charging explosive in detonator (24) close contact, described control circuit comprises the power module (31) that circuit successively connects, communication module (32), kernel control module (33) and return circuit module (34) of getting angry, input A with B of described power module (31) is connected with payment to a porter, and described ignition return circuit module (34) is connected with described sparking gear (22) circuit, describedly the nonpolarity dual-wire communications digital electric detonator of autonomous time delay can also comprise the ignition energy storage device (35) be arranged in shell, described ignition energy storage device (35) is parallel to sparking gear (22) two ends,

Described igniting method comprises:

B. this configuration flow comprises:

S102: adapter sends and reads UID code instruction;

S106: adapter sends configuration address instruction;

S108: adapter sends the instruction of configuration delay time;

S110: configured;

(3) detonate operation, the operation main flow that detonates comprises:

S201: adapter maintains bus low pressure mode power;

S202: assign instruction for No. n-th detonator;

S2061: adapter sends relevant configuration instruction;

S207: adapter sends detonating authorization checking instruction;

S211: assign instruction for No. n-th detonator;

S212: adapter sends de-preservation instruction;

S215: bus voltage drawn high by adapter, enters high pressure mode and powers;

S217: assign instruction for No. n-th detonator;

S223: networking detonator has detonated separately.