CN105695322A - Garbage fermentation device and fermentation method combining aerobic mode and anaerobic mode - Google Patents

Garbage fermentation device and fermentation method combining aerobic mode and anaerobic mode Download PDF

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CN105695322A
CN105695322A CN201610107266.5A CN201610107266A CN105695322A CN 105695322 A CN105695322 A CN 105695322A CN 201610107266 A CN201610107266 A CN 201610107266A CN 105695322 A CN105695322 A CN 105695322A
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fermenter
anaerobic
monitor
pipe
fermentation
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CN105695322B (en
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梁峙
梁骁
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Anhui Baoxing Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Xuzhou University of Technology
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    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
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    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/30—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration
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    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023—Methane
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

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Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage fermentation device and fermentation method combining an aerobic mode and an anaerobic mode. The garbage fermentation device is composed of a feeding opening, a fermentation bucket, a discharging chamber, an oxygen supply device, a water inlet pipe, a water discharging pipe, a liquid discharging pipe and a control system; garbage enters the fermentation bucket through the feeding opening, hot water enters the fermentation bucket through the water inlet pipe, the oxygen supply device transmits oxygen to the fermentation bucket, garbage enters the discharging chamber after completing a reaction in the fermentation bucket, solid reactant is discharged out of an opening in one side of the discharging chamber, liquid reactant is discharged out of the liquid discharging pipe, and water with temperature lowered is discharged out of the water discharging pipe. According to the garbage fermentation device and fermentation method combining the aerobic mode and the anaerobic mode, the fermentation method combining the aerobic mode and the anaerobic mode is adopted, the fermentation effect is good, treatment efficiency is high, the size is small, arrangement is flexible, and the fermentation device and the fermentation thereof method are suitable for treating various types of household garbage.

Description

The style refuse fermenter of a kind of aerobic-anaerobic combination and fermentation process thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to domestic garbage disposer field, be specifically related to style refuse fermenter and fermentation process thereof that a kind of aerobic-anaerobic combines。
Background technology
The method processing rubbish at present mainly has landfill method, composting process and burning method。
Landfill method refers to employing bottom antiseepage, rubbish layering landfill, top layer overlying soil after compacting, makes rubbish under anaerobic ferment, to reach innoxious waste disposal method；Landfill method mainly has that technology maturation, operational management are simple, treating capacity is big, motility is strong, applied widely and investment and the advantage such as operating cost is relatively low；It is big that the inferior position of landfill method essentially consists in floor space, volume reduction weak effect, and the rubbish of landfill do not carry out harmless treatment, still remains substantial amounts of antibacterial, virus, also lie dormant the hidden danger such as biogas heavy metal pollution, and garbage leaching liquid also has the possibility of polluted underground water resource。
Compost is to make the Organic substance in rubbish, feces, under microbial action, carries out biochemical reaction, eventually forms the material of a kind of similar humus soil, can be used as fertilizer or improvement soil；Composting process is the waste disposal method of a kind of very environmental protection, invests the propagation that relatively low, technology is simple, can eliminate harmful levels of pathogens, and Organic substance can recycle thus reaching recycling of resource as fertilizer after decomposing, and waste reduction is obvious；Refuse classification is required that the stink produced in height, aerobic breakdown process pollutes the environment by composting process, but at present, China's house refuse is mixed collection, impurity content is high, adopt the separation process of complexity to cause that product cost is high for ensureing fertilizer product quality, there is no the subsidy of government, be difficult to run down。
Burning method is at high temperature to be burned by rubbish and melt, and obtains fuel gas, fuel gas and waste heat and is effectively utilised and generates electricity；After incineration treatment of garbage, utterly destroyed the pathogen in rubbish, the toxic and harmful produced in combustion process and flue dust treated up to standard after discharge, innoxious degree is high, through burning, combustible component in rubbish by after pyrolytic generally can volume reduction 80%～90%, volume reduction is effective, can save a large amount of landfill yard take up an area, rubbish is taken as the energy and utilizes, high-temperature flue gas produced by waste incineration, its heat energy is converted into steam, for heat supply and generating；The shortcoming of waste incineration mainly has: burning method investment is big, and the occupied fund cycle is long；Burn the calorific value to rubbish there are certain requirements, generally cannot be below 5000kJ/kg, limit its range of application；" dioxin " problem produced in burning process, has certain requirement to Technology。
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides the style refuse fermenter that a kind of aerobic-anaerobic combines, including: charging aperture 1, fermenter 2, discharge chamber 3, apparatus of oxygen supply 4, water inlet pipe 5, drain pipe 6, discharging tube 7, control system 8；The top of described discharge chamber 3 is provided with fermenter 2, fermenter 2 top is provided with charging aperture 1, and fermenter 2 side is provided with apparatus of oxygen supply 4, and fermenter 2 opposite side bottom and top are respectively equipped with water inlet pipe 5 and drain pipe 6, discharge chamber 3 one side lower part is provided with discharging tube 7, and discharge chamber 3 is additionally provided with control system 8。
Further, fermenter 2 includes: top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1, temperature sensor 2-2, anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5, methane concentration monitor 2-6, sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7；Described top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 is positioned at fermenter 2 top, top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 is up big and down small truncated cone-shaped hollow structure, aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 upper end, top and charging aperture 1 seamless welding, aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 upper end, top outer rim and fermenter 2 inwall seamless welding；Described temperature sensor 2-2 is positioned in fermenter 2 upper portion side wall, and temperature sensor 2-2 is 10cm-20cm from the distance of cornice on fermenter 2, and temperature sensor 2-2 is connected by wire with control system 8；Described anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 is bow font hollow pipe pipe, anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 is divided into upper and lower two-layer, anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 upper end, upper strata with bottom the aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 of top vertically through being connected, anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 lower end, upper strata is through with bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 plan vertical to be connected, the quantity of every layer of anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 no less than 6 with, every layer of anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 is each along fermenter 2 layout substantially symmetrical about its central axis, and anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 connects with outside air exhauster；Described bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 is positioned at fermenter 2 middle and lower part, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 is up big and down small truncated cone-shaped closed structure, aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 upper end, bottom outer rim and fermenter 2 inwall seamless welding, aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 center, bottom has the water hole of up/down perforation, the top and bottom of bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 all with anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 vertically through being connected, described density of hydrogen monitor 2-5, methane concentration monitor 2-6, sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 is positioned at the bottom of top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5, methane concentration monitor 2-6, sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 is all connected with control system 8 wire。
Further, described discharge chamber 3 includes: screen plate 3-1, deflector 3-2, discharging opening 3-3, self-closing sampan 3-4, pressure sensitive instrument 3-5；Wherein said screen plate 3-1 is in tilted layout in discharge chamber 3 inside upper part, four limits of screen plate 3-1 are seamless welding vertical with 3 four inwalls of discharge chamber respectively, the angle of screen plate 3-1 and horizontal plane is 10 °～30 °, and screen plate 3-1 plate face is uniformly distributed filtering holes, and the diameter of filtering holes is 3mm～5mm；Described deflector 3-2 is positioned at below screen plate 3-1, four limits of deflector 3-2 are seamless welding vertical with 3 four inwalls of discharge chamber respectively, deflector 3-2 is to be in tilted layout with screen plate 3-1 opposite direction, the angle of deflector 3-2 and horizontal plane is 10 °～20 °, and the deflector 3-2 upper end distance from screen plate 3-1 lower end is 20cm～40cm；Described discharging opening 3-3 is positioned at screen plate 3-1 tail end, discharging opening 3-3 is the rectangular mouth of rectangle, self-closing sampan 3-4 it is provided with outside discharging opening 3-3, described self-closing sampan 3-4 is spring hinge structure, discharging opening 3-3 is closing structure by self-closing sampan 3-4 naturalness, and self-closing sampan 3-4 is connected with controlling system 8 wire；Described pressure sensitive instrument 3-5 is positioned at inside discharging opening 3-3, and pressure sensitive instrument 3-5 is connected with controlling system 8 wire。
Further, described screen plate 3-1 is by macromolecular material pressing mold molding, and constituent and the manufacture process of screen plate 3-1 are as follows:
One, screen plate 3-1 constituent:
Count by weight, positive methyl valerate 8～15 parts, methyl acetate 2～25 parts, adipic acid essence of Niobe 2～20 parts, acrylic acid methyl ester. 10～20 parts, dimethyl sulfite 2～20 parts, nanoscale boric acid palladium 200～350 parts, concentration is the methyl chloroacetate 80～150 parts of 2ppm～10ppm, vinylglycollic acid 2～20 parts, hydrogen phthalate ethyl ester 2～20 parts, cross-linking agent 2～25 parts, nitrous ether (ethyl nitrite) 2～10 parts, methyl n-propyl ether 10～30 parts, 4-aminophenetole hydrochlorate 10～25 parts；
Described cross-linking agent is 2-4-dinitro benzene acetic acid；
The particle diameter of described nanoscale boric acid palladium is 30nm～50nm；
Two, the manufacture process of screen plate 3-1, comprises the steps of
1st step, in a kettle. addition electrical conductivity are the ultra-pure water 1500～2500 parts of 0.002 μ S/cm～0.02 μ S/cm, start agitator in reactor, and rotating speed is 50rpm～90rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 50 DEG C～70 DEG C；Being sequentially added into positive methyl valerate, methyl acetate, adipic acid essence of Niobe, stirring is to being completely dissolved, and regulating pH value is 6.0～8.5, and agitator speed is adjusted to 100rpm～180rpm, and temperature is 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, esterification 5～8 hours；
2nd step, take acrylic acid methyl ester., dimethyl sulfite pulverize, powder diameter is 300～550 orders；Adding nanoscale boric acid palladium mix homogeneously, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is 15mm～35mm, and employing dosage is 1.0kGy～2.0kGy, energy is the alpha ray irradiation 5min～40min of 1.0MeV～2.0MeV；
3rd step, through the 2nd step process mixed-powder be dissolved in methyl chloroacetate, adding reactor, agitator speed is 100rpm～150rpm, and temperature is 50 DEG C～90 DEG C, starting vacuum pump makes the vacuum of reactor reach-0.001MPa～-0.02MPa, keeps this state response 5h～8h；Pressure release also passes into ammonia, and making reacting kettle inner pressure is 0.003MPa～0.05MPa, and insulation stands 1h～9h；Agitator speed is promoted to 200rpm～250rpm afterwards, and simultaneous reactions still pressure release is to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into vinylglycollic acid, after hydrogen phthalate ethyl ester is completely dissolved, adds cross-linking agent stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance value of reactor solution is 4.2～5.5, and insulation stands 5h～6h；
4th step, when agitator speed is 40rpm～70rpm, be sequentially added into nitrous ether (ethyl nitrite), methyl n-propyl ether and 4-aminophenetole hydrochlorate, promote reactor pressure so that it is reaching 0.05MPa～0.35MPa, temperature is 40 DEG C～80 DEG C, polyreaction 5h～12h；After having reacted, reacting kettle inner pressure is down to 0MPa, is cooled to 25 DEG C～40 DEG C, discharging, enter molding press and can be prepared by screen plate 3-1。
The invention also discloses the style refuse fermenter fermentation process that a kind of described aerobic-anaerobic combines, this fermentation process comprises the steps of
1st step, rubbish enter top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 from charging aperture 1, control system 8 simultaneously and continue to enter fermenter 2 from water inlet pipe 5 by hot water, and regulate the temperature in fermenter 2 so that it is are maintained between 40 DEG C～60 DEG C；Under gravity, rubbish sequentially passes through the anaerobic room at top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1, the anaerobic room at anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 place, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 and lower anaerobic fermentation tube 2-3 place, gradually carries out aerobic and anaerobic degradation；
2nd step, control system 8 by regulating apparatus of oxygen supply 4 by oxygen with 4m3/ min～7m3/ min conveying capacity delivers to top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 and bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4, and rubbish, at top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 and bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4, aerobic reaction occurs；
The removal oxygen effect that 3rd step, the system 8 that controls pass through the outside air exhauster of adjustment anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 so that rubbish is at the anaerobic room generation anaerobic reaction at anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 place；
4th step, control system 8 control the reacted product of rubbish and fall into screen plate 3-1 bottom the anaerobic room at lower anaerobic fermentation tube 2-3 place, liquid reactant flows through from screen plate 3-1 and drops on deflector 3-2, liquid reactant flows to discharge chamber 3 opposite side along deflector 3-2, finally discharges along discharging tube 7；
5th step, solid-state reactant along screen plate 3-1 surface landing, when the pressure sensitive instrument 3-5 being positioned at discharge chamber 3 side experiences the extruding of solid-state reactants, producing the signal of telecommunication to control system 8, self-closing sampan 3-4 is opened by control system 8, and solid-state reactants is discharged from discharge chamber 3 side；
Temperature in fermenter 2 is monitored by the 6th step, temperature sensor 2-2 in real time, when temperature sensor 2-2 monitors that in fermenter 2, temperature is lower than limited minimum 40 DEG C, temperature sensor 2-2 sends a signal to control system 8, and control system 8 controls water inlet pipe 5 and increases flow of inlet water lifting temperature；When temperature sensor 2-2 monitors in fermenter 2 temperature higher than limited peak 60 DEG C, temperature sensor 2-2 sends a signal to control system 8, control system 8 controls water inlet pipe 5 and reduces flow of inlet water reduction temperature, is simultaneously emitted by audio alarm, reminds management personnel to note；
7th step, it is positioned at the density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 of anaerobic room, methane concentration monitor 2-6, sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 is in real time to the density of hydrogen of anaerobic room in fermenter 2, methane concentration, sulfur dioxide concentration is monitored, when density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 or methane concentration monitor 2-6 or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 monitors in fermenter 2 density of hydrogen or methane concentration or sulfur dioxide concentration higher than limited peak, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 or methane concentration monitor 2-6 or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 sends a signal to control system 8, control system 8 cutting system power supply, whole device is quit work, it is simultaneously emitted by audio alarm, remind management personnel that equipment is safeguarded；When density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 or methane concentration monitor 2-6 or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 monitors in fermenter 2 density of hydrogen or methane concentration or sulfur dioxide concentration lower than time below safety value, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 or methane concentration monitor 2-6 or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 sends a signal to control system 8, control system 8 connects system power supply so that whole device is resumed work。
The style refuse fermenter of a kind of aerobic-anaerobic combination of patent disclosure of the present invention and fermentation process thereof, have an advantage in that:
(1) this device is that the method adopting aerobic-anaerobic to combine processes rubbish, high treating effect；
(2) this device utilizes waste heat to ferment, and energy consumption is low；
(3) device structure is simple, and it is convenient to arrange, floor space is little, easy to maintenance。
The style refuse fermenter of a kind of aerobic-anaerobic of the present invention combination and fermentation process thereof, adopt the fermentation process that aerobic-anaerobic combines, and ferment effect is good, and treatment effeciency is high, and volume is little, flexible arrangement, is suitable for the process of all kinds of house refuses。
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic diagram of the style refuse fermenter that a kind of aerobic-anaerobic that Fig. 1 is heretofore described combines。
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of heretofore described fermenter。
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of heretofore described discharge chamber。
Fig. 4 is heretofore described macromolecular filtering plate 3-1 and certain brand comparison diagram commercially available。
In figure 1 above～Fig. 3, charging aperture 1, fermenter 2, top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1, temperature sensor 2-2, anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5, methane concentration monitor 2-6, sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7, discharge chamber 3, screen plate 3-1, deflector 3-2, discharging opening 3-3, self-closing sampan 3-4, pressure sensitive instrument 3-5, apparatus of oxygen supply 4, water inlet pipe 5, drain pipe 6, discharging tube 7, control system 8。
Detailed description of the invention
The style refuse fermenter a kind of aerobic-anaerobic provided by the invention combined below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example is further described。
As it is shown in figure 1, be a kind of aerobic-anaerobic provided by the invention combine style refuse fermenter schematic diagram, it is seen in fig. 1, that include: charging aperture 1, fermenter 2, discharge chamber 3, apparatus of oxygen supply 4, water inlet pipe 5, drain pipe 6, discharging tube 7, control system 8；The top of discharge chamber 3 is provided with fermenter 2, fermenter 2 top is provided with charging aperture 1, and fermenter 2 side is provided with apparatus of oxygen supply 4, and fermenter 2 opposite side bottom and top are respectively equipped with water inlet pipe 5 and drain pipe 6, discharge chamber 3 one side lower part is provided with discharging tube 7, and discharge chamber 3 is additionally provided with control system 8。
As in figure 2 it is shown, be the schematic diagram of heretofore described fermenter。Finding out from Fig. 2 or Fig. 1, fermenter 2 includes: top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1, temperature sensor 2-2, anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5, methane concentration monitor 2-6, sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7；Top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 is positioned at fermenter 2 top, top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 is up big and down small truncated cone-shaped hollow structure, aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 upper end, top and charging aperture 1 seamless welding, aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 upper end, top outer rim and fermenter 2 inwall seamless welding；Temperature sensor 2-2 is positioned in fermenter 2 upper portion side wall, and temperature sensor 2-2 is 10cm-20cm from the distance of cornice on fermenter 2, and temperature sensor 2-2 is connected by wire with control system 8；Anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 is bow font hollow pipe pipe, anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 is divided into upper and lower two-layer, anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 upper end, upper strata with bottom the aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 of top vertically through being connected, anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 lower end, upper strata is through with bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 plan vertical to be connected, the quantity of every layer of anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 no less than 6 with, every layer of anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 is each along fermenter 2 layout substantially symmetrical about its central axis, and anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 connects with outside air exhauster；Bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 is positioned at fermenter 2 middle and lower part, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 is up big and down small truncated cone-shaped closed structure, aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 upper end, bottom outer rim and fermenter 2 inwall seamless welding, aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 center, bottom has the water hole of up/down perforation, the top and bottom of bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 all with anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 vertically through being connected, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5, methane concentration monitor 2-6, sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 is positioned at the bottom of top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5, methane concentration monitor 2-6, sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 is all connected with control system 8 wire。
As it is shown on figure 3, be the schematic diagram of heretofore described discharge chamber。Finding out from Fig. 3 or Fig. 1, discharge chamber 3 includes: screen plate 3-1, deflector 3-2, discharging opening 3-3, self-closing sampan 3-4, pressure sensitive instrument 3-5；Wherein screen plate 3-1 is in tilted layout in discharge chamber 3 inside upper part, four limits of screen plate 3-1 are seamless welding vertical with 3 four inwalls of discharge chamber respectively, the angle of screen plate 3-1 and horizontal plane is 10 °～30 °, and screen plate 3-1 plate face is uniformly distributed filtering holes, and the diameter of filtering holes is 3mm～5mm；Deflector 3-2 is positioned at below screen plate 3-1, four limits of deflector 3-2 are seamless welding vertical with 3 four inwalls of discharge chamber respectively, deflector 3-2 is to be in tilted layout with screen plate 3-1 opposite direction, the angle of deflector 3-2 and horizontal plane is 10 °～20 °, and the deflector 3-2 upper end distance from screen plate 3-1 lower end is 20cm～40cm；Discharging opening 3-3 is positioned at screen plate 3-1 tail end, discharging opening 3-3 is the rectangular mouth of rectangle, self-closing sampan 3-4 it is provided with outside discharging opening 3-3, self-closing sampan 3-4 is spring hinge structure, discharging opening 3-3 is closing structure by self-closing sampan 3-4 naturalness, and self-closing sampan 3-4 is connected with controlling system 8 wire；Pressure sensitive instrument 3-5 is positioned at inside discharging opening 3-3, and pressure sensitive instrument 3-5 is connected with controlling system 8 wire。
The work process of the style refuse fermenter that a kind of aerobic-anaerobic of the present invention combines is:
1st step, rubbish enter top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 from charging aperture 1, control system 8 simultaneously and continue to enter fermenter 2 from water inlet pipe 5 by hot water, and regulate the temperature in fermenter 2 so that it is are maintained between 40 DEG C～60 DEG C；Under gravity, rubbish sequentially passes through the anaerobic room at top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1, the anaerobic room at anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 place, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4 and lower anaerobic fermentation tube 2-3 place, gradually carries out aerobic and anaerobic degradation；
2nd step, control system 8 by regulating apparatus of oxygen supply 4 by oxygen with 4m3/ min～7m3/ min conveying capacity delivers to top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 and bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4, and rubbish, at top aerobic fermentation chamber 2-1 and bottom aerobic fermentation chamber 2-4, aerobic reaction occurs；
The removal oxygen effect that 3rd step, the system 8 that controls pass through the outside air exhauster of adjustment anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 so that rubbish is at the anaerobic room generation anaerobic reaction at anaerobic fermentation pipe 2-3 place；
4th step, control system 8 control the reacted product of rubbish and fall into screen plate 3-1 bottom the anaerobic room at lower anaerobic fermentation tube 2-3 place, liquid reactant flows through from screen plate 3-1 and drops on deflector 3-2, liquid reactant flows to discharge chamber 3 opposite side along deflector 3-2, finally discharges along discharging tube 7；
5th step, solid-state reactant along screen plate 3-1 surface landing, when the pressure sensitive instrument 3-5 being positioned at discharge chamber 3 side experiences the extruding of solid-state reactants, producing the signal of telecommunication to control system 8, self-closing sampan 3-4 is opened by control system 8, and solid-state reactants is discharged from discharge chamber 3 side；
Temperature in fermenter 2 is monitored by the 6th step, temperature sensor 2-2 in real time, when temperature sensor 2-2 monitors that in fermenter 2, temperature is lower than limited minimum 40 DEG C, temperature sensor 2-2 sends a signal to control system 8, and control system 8 controls water inlet pipe 5 and increases flow of inlet water lifting temperature；When temperature sensor 2-2 monitors in fermenter 2 temperature higher than limited peak 60 DEG C, temperature sensor 2-2 sends a signal to control system 8, control system 8 controls water inlet pipe 5 and reduces flow of inlet water reduction temperature, is simultaneously emitted by audio alarm, reminds management personnel to note；
7th step, it is positioned at the density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 of anaerobic room, methane concentration monitor 2-6, sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 is in real time to the density of hydrogen of anaerobic room in fermenter 2, methane concentration, sulfur dioxide concentration is monitored, when density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 or methane concentration monitor 2-6 or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 monitors in fermenter 2 density of hydrogen or methane concentration or sulfur dioxide concentration higher than limited peak, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 or methane concentration monitor 2-6 or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 sends a signal to control system 8, control system 8 cutting system power supply, whole device is quit work, it is simultaneously emitted by audio alarm, remind management personnel that equipment is safeguarded；When density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 or methane concentration monitor 2-6 or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 monitors in fermenter 2 density of hydrogen or methane concentration or sulfur dioxide concentration lower than time below safety value, density of hydrogen monitor 2-5 or methane concentration monitor 2-6 or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor 2-7 sends a signal to control system 8, control system 8 connects system power supply so that whole device is resumed work。
The style refuse fermenter that a kind of aerobic-anaerobic of the present invention combines, adopts the fermentation process that aerobic-anaerobic combines, and ferment effect is good, and treatment effeciency is high, and volume is little, flexible arrangement, is suitable for the process of all kinds of house refuses。
The following is the embodiment of the manufacture process of macromolecular filtering plate 3-1 of the present invention, embodiment is to further illustrate present disclosure, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention。Without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, the amendment that the inventive method, step or condition are made and replacement, belong to the scope of the present invention。
If not specializing, the conventional means that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art。
Embodiment 1
1st step, counting by weight, add the ultra-pure water 1500 parts that electrical conductivity is 0.002 μ S/cm in a kettle., start agitator in reactor, rotating speed is 50rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 50 DEG C；Being sequentially added into positive methyl valerate 8 parts, methyl acetate 2 parts, adipic acid essence of Niobe 2 parts, stirring is to being completely dissolved, and regulating pH value is 6.0, and agitator speed is adjusted to 100rpm, and temperature is 60 DEG C, esterification 5 hours；
2nd step, take acrylic acid methyl ester. 10 parts, dimethyl sulfite 2 parts, to pulverize, powder diameter is 300 orders；Adding 200 parts of mix homogeneously of nanoscale boric acid palladium, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is 15mm, and employing dosage is 1.0kGy, energy is the alpha ray irradiation 5min of 1.0MeV；
3rd step, through the 2nd step process mixed-powder be dissolved in the methyl chloroacetate 80 parts that concentration is 2ppm, add reactor, agitator speed is 100rpm, and temperature is 50 DEG C, start vacuum pump make the vacuum of reactor reach-0.001MPa, keep this state response 5h；Pressure release also passes into ammonia, and making reacting kettle inner pressure is 0.003MPa, and insulation stands 1h；Agitator speed is promoted to 200rpm afterwards, and simultaneous reactions still pressure release is to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into vinylglycollic acid 2 parts, after hydrogen phthalate ethyl ester 2 parts is completely dissolved, adds cross-linking agent 2 parts stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance value of reactor solution is 4.2, and insulation stands 5h；
4th step, when agitator speed is 40rpm, be sequentially added into nitrous ether (ethyl nitrite) 2 parts, methyl n-propyl ether 10 parts, 4-aminophenetole hydrochlorate 10 parts, promote reactor pressure so that it is reaching 0.05MPa, temperature is 40 DEG C, polyreaction 5h；After having reacted, reacting kettle inner pressure is down to 0MPa, is cooled to 25 DEG C, discharging, enter molding press and can be prepared by screen plate 3-1；Described cross-linking agent is 2-4-dinitro benzene acetic acid；
The particle diameter of described nanoscale boric acid palladium is 30nm。
Embodiment 2
1st step, counting by weight, add the ultra-pure water 2500 parts that electrical conductivity is 0.02 μ S/cm in a kettle., start agitator in reactor, rotating speed is 90rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 70 DEG C；Being sequentially added into positive methyl valerate 15 parts, methyl acetate 25 parts, adipic acid essence of Niobe 20 parts, stirring is to being completely dissolved, and regulating pH value is 8.5, and agitator speed is adjusted to 180rpm, and temperature is 80 DEG C, esterification 8 hours；
2nd step, take acrylic acid methyl ester. 20 parts, dimethyl sulfite 20 parts, to pulverize, powder diameter is 550 orders；Adding 350 parts of mix homogeneously of nanoscale boric acid palladium, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is 35mm, and employing dosage is 2.0kGy, energy is the alpha ray irradiation 40min of 2.0MeV；
3rd step, through the 2nd step process mixed-powder be dissolved in the methyl chloroacetate 150 parts that concentration is 10ppm, add reactor, agitator speed is 150rpm, and temperature is 90 DEG C, start vacuum pump make the vacuum of reactor reach-0.02MPa, keep this state response 8h；Pressure release also passes into ammonia, and making reacting kettle inner pressure is 0.05MPa, and insulation stands 9h；Agitator speed is promoted to 250rpm afterwards, and simultaneous reactions still pressure release is to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into vinylglycollic acid 20 parts, after hydrogen phthalate ethyl ester 20 parts is completely dissolved, adds cross-linking agent 25 parts stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance value of reactor solution is 5.5, and insulation stands 6h；
4th step, when agitator speed is 70rpm, be sequentially added into nitrous ether (ethyl nitrite) 10 parts, methyl n-propyl ether 30 parts, 4-aminophenetole hydrochlorate 25 parts, promote reactor pressure so that it is reaching 0.35MPa, temperature is 80 DEG C, polyreaction 12h；After having reacted, reacting kettle inner pressure is down to 0MPa, is cooled to 40 DEG C, discharging, enter molding press and can be prepared by screen plate 3-1；Described cross-linking agent is 2-4-dinitro benzene acetic acid；
The particle diameter of described nanoscale boric acid palladium is 50nm。
Embodiment 3
1st step, counting by weight, add the ultra-pure water 1512 parts that electrical conductivity is 0.0024 μ S/cm in a kettle., start agitator in reactor, rotating speed is 54rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 55 DEG C；Being sequentially added into positive methyl valerate 10 parts, methyl acetate 10 parts, adipic acid essence of Niobe 10 parts, stirring is to being completely dissolved, and regulating pH value is 70, and agitator speed is adjusted to 112rpm, and temperature is 68 DEG C, esterification 7 hours；
2nd step, take acrylic acid methyl ester. 11 parts, dimethyl sulfite 12 parts, to pulverize, powder diameter is 312 orders；Adding 223 parts of mix homogeneously of nanoscale boric acid palladium, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is 20mm, and employing dosage is 1.4kGy, energy is the alpha ray irradiation 12min of 1.2MeV；
3rd step, through the 2nd step process mixed-powder be dissolved in the methyl chloroacetate 90 parts that concentration is 5ppm, add reactor, agitator speed is 120rpm, and temperature is 55 DEG C, start vacuum pump make the vacuum of reactor reach-0.0012MPa, keep this state response 7h；Pressure release also passes into ammonia, and making reacting kettle inner pressure is 0.0035MPa, and insulation stands 6h；Agitator speed is promoted to 211rpm afterwards, and simultaneous reactions still pressure release is to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into vinylglycollic acid 10 parts, after hydrogen phthalate ethyl ester 10 parts is completely dissolved, adds cross-linking agent 10 parts stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance value of reactor solution is 4.5, and insulation stands 5.6h；
4th step, when agitator speed is 45rpm, be sequentially added into nitrous ether (ethyl nitrite) 8 parts, methyl n-propyl ether 14 parts, 4-aminophenetole hydrochlorate 15 parts, promote reactor pressure so that it is reaching 0.055MPa, temperature is 45 DEG C, polyreaction 7h；After having reacted, reacting kettle inner pressure is down to 0MPa, is cooled to 28 DEG C, discharging, enter molding press and can be prepared by screen plate 3-1；Described cross-linking agent is 2-4-dinitro benzene acetic acid；
The particle diameter of described nanoscale boric acid palladium is 35nm。
Reference examples
Reference examples is that the macromolecular filtering plate of certain brand commercially available is for filtering use。
Embodiment 4
The macromolecular filtering plate 3-1 that embodiment 1～3 is prepared, with macromolecular filtering plate in reference examples for filtering the Contrast on effect of use, and add up with unit strength modulus value, service life, liquid percent of pass, solids blocking-up rate for technical specification, result is as shown in table 1。
Table 1 is the macromolecular filtering plate performance comparison described in embodiment 1～3 and reference examples, can go out from table 1, macromolecular filtering plate 3-1 of the present invention, its unit strength modulus value, service life, liquid percent of pass, solids blocking-up rate are above the product that prior art produces。
Additionally, as shown in Figure 4, it is heretofore described macromolecular filtering plate 3-1 and certain brand comparison diagram commercially available。Figure finding out, macromolecular filtering plate 3-1 used by embodiment 1～3 is better than existing product in filters efficiency。

Claims (5)

1. the style refuse fermenter that an aerobic-anaerobic combines, including: charging aperture (1), fermenter (2), discharge chamber (3), apparatus of oxygen supply (4), water inlet pipe (5), drain pipe (6), discharging tube (7), controls system (8)；It is characterized in that: the top of described discharge chamber (3) is provided with fermenter (2), fermenter (2) top is provided with charging aperture (1), fermenter (2) side is provided with apparatus of oxygen supply (4), fermenter (2) opposite side bottom and top are respectively equipped with water inlet pipe (5) and drain pipe (6), discharge chamber (3) one side lower part is provided with discharging tube (7), and discharge chamber (3) is additionally provided with control system (8)。
2. the style refuse fermenter that a kind of aerobic-anaerobic according to claim 1 combines, it is characterized in that: fermenter (2) including: top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1), temperature sensor (2-2), anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3), bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4), density of hydrogen monitor (2-5), methane concentration monitor (2-6), sulfur dioxide concentration monitor (2-7)；Described top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1) is positioned at fermenter (2) top, top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1) is up big and down small truncated cone-shaped hollow structure, top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1) upper end and charging aperture (1) seamless welding, top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1) upper end outer rim and fermenter (2) inwall seamless welding；Described temperature sensor (2-2) is positioned in fermenter (2) upper portion side wall, the temperature sensor (2-2) distance from the upper cornice of fermenter (2) is 10cm-20cm, and temperature sensor (2-2) is connected by wire with controlling system (8)；Described anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) is bow font hollow pipe pipe, anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) is divided into upper and lower two-layer, upper strata anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) upper end and top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1) bottom is vertically through being connected, upper strata anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) lower end is through with bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4) plan vertical to be connected, the quantity of every layer of anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) no less than 6 with, every layer of anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) is each along fermenter (2) layout substantially symmetrical about its central axis, and anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) connects with outside air exhauster；Described bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4) is positioned at fermenter (2) middle and lower part, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4) is up big and down small truncated cone-shaped closed structure, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4) upper end outer rim and fermenter (2) inwall seamless welding, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4) center has the water hole of up/down perforation, the top and bottom of bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4) all with anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) vertically through being connected, described density of hydrogen monitor (2-5), methane concentration monitor (2-6), sulfur dioxide concentration monitor (2-7) is positioned at the bottom of top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1), density of hydrogen monitor (2-5), methane concentration monitor (2-6), sulfur dioxide concentration monitor (2-7) is all connected with control system (8) wire。
3. the style refuse fermenter that a kind of aerobic-anaerobic according to claim 1 combines, it is characterized in that: described discharge chamber (3) including: screen plate (3-1), deflector (3-2), discharging opening (3-3), self-closing sampan (3-4), pressure sensitive instrument (3-5)；Wherein said screen plate (3-1) is in tilted layout in discharge chamber (3) inside upper part, four limits of screen plate (3-1) are seamless welding vertical with (3) four inwalls of discharge chamber respectively, the angle of screen plate (3-1) and horizontal plane is 10 °～30 °, screen plate (3-1) plate face is uniformly distributed filtering holes, and the diameter of filtering holes is 3mm～5mm；Described deflector (3-2) is positioned at screen plate (3-1) lower section, four limits of deflector (3-2) are seamless welding vertical with (3) four inwalls of discharge chamber respectively, deflector (3-2) is to be in tilted layout with screen plate (3-1) opposite direction, the angle of deflector (3-2) and horizontal plane is 10 °～20 °, and deflector (3-2) upper end distance from screen plate (3-1) lower end is 20cm～40cm；Described discharging opening (3-3) is positioned at screen plate (3-1) tail end, discharging opening (3-3) is the rectangular mouth of rectangle, it is provided with self-closing sampan (3-4) in discharging opening (3-3) outside, described self-closing sampan (3-4) is spring hinge structure, discharging opening (3-3) is closing structure by self-closing sampan (3-4) naturalness, and self-closing sampan (3-4) is connected with controlling system (8) wire；Described pressure sensitive instrument (3-5) is positioned at discharging opening (3-3) inner side, and pressure sensitive instrument (3-5) is connected with controlling system (8) wire。
4. the style refuse fermenter that a kind of aerobic-anaerobic according to claim 3 combines, it is characterised in that described screen plate (3-1) is by macromolecular material pressing mold molding, and constituent and the manufacture process of screen plate (3-1) are as follows:
One, screen plate (3-1) constituent:
Count by weight, positive methyl valerate 8～15 parts, methyl acetate 2～25 parts, adipic acid essence of Niobe 2～20 parts, acrylic acid methyl ester. 10～20 parts, dimethyl sulfite 2～20 parts, nanoscale boric acid palladium 200～350 parts, concentration is the methyl chloroacetate 80～150 parts of 2ppm～10ppm, vinylglycollic acid 2～20 parts, hydrogen phthalate ethyl ester 2～20 parts, cross-linking agent 2～25 parts, nitrous ether (ethyl nitrite) 2～10 parts, methyl n-propyl ether 10～30 parts, 4-aminophenetole hydrochlorate 10～25 parts；
Described cross-linking agent is 2-4-dinitro benzene acetic acid；
The particle diameter of described nanoscale boric acid palladium is 30nm～50nm；
Two, the manufacture process of screen plate (3-1), comprises the steps of
1st step, in a kettle. addition electrical conductivity are the ultra-pure water 1500～2500 parts of 0.002 μ S/cm～0.02 μ S/cm, start agitator in reactor, and rotating speed is 50rpm～90rpm, starts heat pump, makes reactor temperature rise to 50 DEG C～70 DEG C；Being sequentially added into positive methyl valerate, methyl acetate, adipic acid essence of Niobe, stirring is to being completely dissolved, and regulating pH value is 6.0～8.5, and agitator speed is adjusted to 100rpm～180rpm, and temperature is 60 DEG C～80 DEG C, esterification 5～8 hours；
2nd step, take acrylic acid methyl ester., dimethyl sulfite pulverize, powder diameter is 300～550 orders；Adding nanoscale boric acid palladium mix homogeneously, be laid in pallet, tiling thickness is 15mm～35mm, and employing dosage is 1.0kGy～2.0kGy, energy is the alpha ray irradiation 5min～40min of 1.0MeV～2.0MeV；
3rd step, through the 2nd step process mixed-powder be dissolved in methyl chloroacetate, adding reactor, agitator speed is 100rpm～150rpm, and temperature is 50 DEG C～90 DEG C, starting vacuum pump makes the vacuum of reactor reach-0.001MPa～-0.02MPa, keeps this state response 5h～8h；Pressure release also passes into ammonia, and making reacting kettle inner pressure is 0.003MPa～0.05MPa, and insulation stands 1h～9h；Agitator speed is promoted to 200rpm～250rpm afterwards, and simultaneous reactions still pressure release is to 0MPa；It is sequentially added into vinylglycollic acid, after hydrogen phthalate ethyl ester is completely dissolved, adds cross-linking agent stirring mixing so that the hydrophile-lipophile balance value of reactor solution is 4.2～5.5, and insulation stands 5h～6h；
4th step, when agitator speed is 40rpm～70rpm, be sequentially added into nitrous ether (ethyl nitrite), methyl n-propyl ether and 4-aminophenetole hydrochlorate, promote reactor pressure so that it is reaching 0.05MPa～0.35MPa, temperature is 40 DEG C～80 DEG C, polyreaction 5h～12h；After having reacted, reacting kettle inner pressure is down to 0MPa, is cooled to 25 DEG C～40 DEG C, discharging, enter molding press and can be prepared by screen plate (3-1)。
5. the fermentation process of the style refuse fermenter of an aerobic-anaerobic combination, it is characterized in that: this fermentation process comprises the steps of the 1st step, rubbish enters top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1) from charging aperture (1), control system (8) to continue hot water to enter fermenter (2) from water inlet pipe (5) simultaneously, and regulate the temperature in fermenter (2) so that it is it is maintained between 40 DEG C～60 DEG C；Under gravity, rubbish sequentially passes through the anaerobic room at top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1), the anaerobic room at anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) place, bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4) and lower anaerobic fermentation tube (2-3) place, gradually carries out aerobic and anaerobic degradation；
2nd step, the system (8) that controls are passed through to regulate apparatus of oxygen supply (4) by oxygen with 4m3/ min～7m3/ min conveying capacity delivers to top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1) and bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4), and rubbish, at top aerobic fermentation chamber (2-1) and bottom aerobic fermentation chamber (2-4), aerobic reaction occurs；
3rd step, the system (8) that controls pass through to regulate the removal oxygen effect of the outside air exhauster of anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) so that rubbish is at the anaerobic room generation anaerobic reaction at anaerobic fermentation pipe (2-3) place；
4th step, the system (8) that controls control the reacted product of rubbish and fall into screen plate (3-1) bottom the anaerobic room at lower anaerobic fermentation tube (2-3) place, liquid reactant flows through from screen plate (3-1) and drops on deflector (3-2), liquid reactant flows to discharge chamber (3) opposite side along deflector (3-2), finally discharges along discharging tube (7)；
5th step, solid-state reactant along screen plate (3-1) surface landing, when the extruding of solid-state reactants experienced by the pressure sensitive instrument (3-5) being positioned at discharge chamber (3) side, produce the signal of telecommunication to control system (8), self-closing sampan (3-4) is opened by control system (8), and solid-state reactants is discharged from discharge chamber (3) side；
Temperature in fermenter (2) is monitored by the 6th step, temperature sensor (2-2) in real time, when temperature sensor (2-2) monitors that in fermenter (2), temperature is lower than limited minimum 40 DEG C, temperature sensor (2-2) sends a signal to control system (8), controls system (8) and controls water inlet pipe (5) increase flow of inlet water lifting temperature；When temperature sensor (2-2) monitors in fermenter (2) temperature higher than limited peak 60 DEG C, temperature sensor (2-2) sends a signal to control system (8), control system (8) controls water inlet pipe (5) and reduces flow of inlet water reduction temperature, it is simultaneously emitted by audio alarm, reminds management personnel to note；
7th step, it is positioned at the density of hydrogen monitor (2-5) of anaerobic room, methane concentration monitor (2-6), the real-time density of hydrogen to fermenter (2) interior anaerobic room of sulfur dioxide concentration monitor (2-7), methane concentration, sulfur dioxide concentration is monitored, when density of hydrogen monitor (2-5) or methane concentration monitor (2-6) or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor (2-7) monitor in fermenter (2) density of hydrogen or methane concentration or sulfur dioxide concentration higher than limited peak, density of hydrogen monitor (2-5) or methane concentration monitor (2-6) or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor (2-7) send a signal to control system (8), control system (8) cutting system power supply, whole device is quit work, it is simultaneously emitted by audio alarm, remind management personnel that equipment is safeguarded；When density of hydrogen monitor (2-5) or methane concentration monitor (2-6) or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor (2-7) monitor in fermenter (2) density of hydrogen or methane concentration or sulfur dioxide concentration lower than time below safety value, density of hydrogen monitor (2-5) or methane concentration monitor (2-6) or sulfur dioxide concentration monitor (2-7) send a signal to control system (8), control system (8) connects system power supply so that whole device is resumed work。
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