CN105682873A - 用于控制刀片的磨锐状态的设备 - Google Patents
用于控制刀片的磨锐状态的设备 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
- B26D7/12—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by sharpening the cutting member
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
- B24B3/36—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades
- B24B3/38—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades for planing wood, e.g. cutter blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
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- B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
- B24B3/36—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades
- B24B3/46—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades of disc blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/003—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving acoustic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
- B24B49/04—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
- B24B49/045—Specially adapted gauging instruments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/10—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving electrical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/12—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving optical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
- B26D3/16—Cutting rods or tubes transversely
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
- B24B3/36—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades
- B24B3/46—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades of disc blades
- B24B3/463—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades of disc blades of slicing machine disc blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D2210/00—Machines or methods used for cutting special materials
- B26D2210/11—Machines or methods used for cutting special materials for cutting web rolls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D5/02—Means for moving the cutting member into its operative position for cutting
- B26D5/06—Means for moving the cutting member into its operative position for cutting by electrical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
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Abstract
一种用于控制刀片(2)的磨锐状态的设备,该刀片具有切刃(20),该切刃由朝向包含切刃本身的平面(X)会聚的两侧(21、22)界定。该设备包括两个控制表面,每个控制表面与所述切刃(20)的对应侧(21、22)接触并与至少一个传感器(Rl、R2、R4)连接,所述传感器产生与控制表面相对于所述表面(X)的位移成比例的电位移信号(S1、S2;S4)。此外,该设备包括处理单元(E),该处理单元接收所述位移信号(S1、S2、S4)并比较所述位移信号,并在上述比较产生超过预定限度的值时发出误差信号。处理单元连接至用于支撑和移动磨锐装置(100)的装置(101、102)。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于控制条带刀片的磨锐状态的设备,该条带刀片特别地可以用于生产纸卷。
用于生产纸卷的传统工艺需要复卷机,通过该复卷机,纸幅围绕硬纸板芯缠绕以形成被称为“卷材(log)”的中间产品,该中间产品由通过围绕硬纸管缠绕纸幅所获得的纸卷制成,并且注定被横向切割以获得较短的纸卷,即,符合给定商业要求的纸卷。
卷材的横向切割特别重要。实际上,沿着与卷材的纵向轴线不完全正交的平面切割卷材,会导致形成有缺陷的卷,所述有缺陷的卷的侧底(sidebase)是倾斜的。该缺陷在旨在将卷用在自动分配器中时更为严重,实际上,这些自动分配器要求卷的侧底与卷本身的轴线完全正交,否则卷趋于卡在分配器中。
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种使得能消除或至少显著地减少上述缺陷的设备。
根据本发明,该结果是通过采用实现具有权利要求1中所指明的特征的设备的构思来实现的。本发明的其他特征为从属权利要求的主题。
本发明使得可以即刻检查刀片的磨锐状态,检查刀片切刃的对称性,并在需要时激活适合的磨锐装置,该磨锐装置可以直接或间接地与本设备连接。此外,上述检查是连续的,并提供可以在任何时候使用的检查信号。还要注意的是,检查过程实质上是机械性质的,因此避免了可能的切割残留物的不利影响。此外,检查并不会对被检查机器的运行造成不利影响。另外,本设备可以装配于现有的机器,并且能够以相对简单的组装操作集成到现有的生产线中。此外,本设备不需要大型保养,即使在长期使用后也可以基本上保持其特征不变。
根据以下描述并借助于附图,本领域任何技术人员将最佳地理解本发明的这些和其他的优点以及特征,以下描述和附图是作为本发明的实践示例给出的,而不应被视为具有限制意义,在附图中:
-图1示意性地示出了刀片的一部分的侧视图,其中刀片上布置有根据本发明的控制设备;
-图2、图3和图4以局部截面图示意性地示出了刀片的三种可能运行状况,其中出于简化之目的,仅在图2中示出了控制设备;
-图5示意性地示出了根据本发明的设备的实施例的又一示例;
-图6示意性地示出了根据本发明的设备的实施例的替选形式;
-图7示意性地示出了根据本发明的设备的可能操作实施。
参照附图,根据本发明的控制设备(1)用于检验条带刀片(2)的正确磨锐,该条带刀片由具有锋利刃(20)的薄片状主体形成,该锋利刃由朝向切刃所在的平面会聚的两个面(21、22)界定。
图1至图5所示的设备包括两个探头式探测器(30、31),这两个探头式探测器被布置成彼此相对,且与切刃(20)的两侧接触,以根据每个探测器(30、31)与刀片(2)的相互作用来确定取决于切刃(20)的形状的信号(S1、S2)。实际上,取决于两个探测器(30、31)相对于刀片(2)的位移(图中用V1和V2示出),可以控制刀片(2)的磨锐或切刃(20)的对称性。每个所述探测器(30、31)均与切刃(20)的对应侧(21、22)接触。
特别地,所述探头式探测器(30、31)由相应的臂(32、34)支撑,上述臂又围绕相应的轴线(Y0、Y1)铰接。图2、图3和图4中垂直于纸面的轴线(Y0、Y1)彼此平行,并且相对于切刃(20)的两侧(20、21)所会聚的平面(X)位于相对侧。
在图中,示意地描绘了支撑探头式探测器的臂(32、34),其他部分在下文描述。
如前所述,由探头式探测器(30、31)的移动产生的信号(S1、S2)中的每一个均具有与同一探头式探测器(30、31)相对于刀片(2)的位移(V1、V2)相对应的值。
根据本发明的可能实施例,本设备包括:感测装置(R1、R2),即检测器,用于感测臂(32、34)围绕相应的轴线(Y0、Y1)的旋转;以及电子处理装置,当检测到两个探头式探测器(30、31)的旋转角度的幅度之间存在不一致的值时,该电子处理装置倾向于发出误差信号。所述检测器(Rl、R2)中的每一个均为旋转编码器,该旋转编码器测量各个臂(32、34)围绕相应的轴线(Y0、Y1)旋转的角度。所述信号(S1、S2)为由传感器(R1、R2)发出并且被发送至处理单元(E)的电信号。
所述传感器(R1、R2)中的每一个均可以应用于相应探头式探测器(30、31)的旋转轴线(Y0、Y1)。
误差信号可以与另外的视觉信号和/或声信号相关联。
当刀片(2)被正确地磨锐时,即,当切刃(20)具有适合于实现对卷材(或其他待切割的材料)的正确切割的构造时,两个探头式探测器(30、31)与刀片(2)等距,如图2所示。在这种情况下,由检测器(R1、R2)针对切刃(20)的两侧发出的信号(S1、S2)彼此相等,原因在于它们与探头式探测器(30、31)的相等角位移相对应,并且处于臂(32、34)围绕轴线(Y0、Y1)的相等位移角度。在这种情况下,切刃(20)的两侧相对于所述平面(X)对称地定向,并且没有产生误差信号。
当刀片(2)未呈现正确磨锐的刃时,如图3和图4示例,信号(S1)和(S2)彼此不同,并且在可能考虑到阈值的情况下,设备(1)通过单元(E)发出误差信号,该误差信号例如用于指令适于对刀片2重新磨锐的装置的介入,以使刀片回到最佳构造(即,切刃的两侧相对于平面X对称定向的构造)。另外地或可替选地,由单元(E)生成的误差信号可以用于控制警报信号的发出。
在图3和4中,沿刀片(2)的竖直走向,示出了两个另外的轴线(X1)和(X2),这两个轴线表明刀片的构造不正确。特别地,在图3中,轴线(X1)在轴线(X)的左边,表明切刃(20)的左轮廓(面21)减少得较多。类似地,在图4中,轴线(X2)在轴线(X)的右边,表明切刃(20)的右轮廓(面22)减少得较多。
在图2、图3和图4所示的示例中,前述轴线(Y0)和(Y1)彼此平行且不重合。
在图5的示例中,两个探头式探测器的臂(32、34)铰接在相同的轴线上,即,轴线(Y0)和(Y1)重合。
因此,参照图1至图5所示的示例,根据本发明的控制设备可以用于检查具有切刃(20)的刀片的磨锐状态,该切刃由朝向包含该切刃的平面(X)会聚的两侧或两面(21、22)界定,该设备包括两个控制探头式探测器(30、31),每个探测器与所述切刃(20)的对应侧(21、22)接触并与相应的传感器(Rl、R2、R4)连接,所述传感器产生电位移信号(S1、S2;S4),该电位移信号与探头式探测器相对于所述平面(X)的位移成比例,并且该设备包括可编程电子单元(E),该可编程电子单元接收所述位移信号(S1、S2、S4)并比较所述位移信号,并在位移信号之间的差超过预定限度时发出误差信号。
根据图6所示的示例,控制设备包括具有外部环形凹槽(40)的辊(4),刀片(2)的切刃(20)进入该环形凹槽。辊(4)沿着与切刃(20)的平面(X)垂直的轴线(A4)自由地平移。优选地,辊(4)还围绕所述轴线(A4)自由地旋转。
在图6所示的示例中,辊(4)与由线性传感器构成的侧向位移检测器(R4)相关联,该侧向位移检测器检测由于切刃(20)的不对称磨损所引起的辊(4)向右或向左的任何位移。由可编程电子单元(E)接收信号(S4),如果该信号的绝对值超过预定限度,则可编程电子单元发出误差信号(与上面所描述的类似),其中取决于辊(4)是朝向右移动还是朝向左移动,该信号可能具有正号或负号。
参照上述所有示例,根据本发明的设备包括两个控制表面,每个控制表面与所述切刃(20)的对应侧(21、22)接触并与至少一个传感器(Rl、R2;R4)连接,所述传感器产生与控制表面相对于所述平面(X)的位移成比例的电位移信号(S1、S2、S4),并且根据本发明的设备包括可编程电子处理单元(E),该可编程电子处理单元接收所述位移信号(S1、S2、S4)并处理所述位移信号,并在处理产生超过预设限度的值时发出误差信号。
根据第一示例,控制表面是探头式探测器(30、31)的外表面,并且如果由传感器(Rl、R2)产生的位移信号(S1、S2)的值之间的差超过给定的限值,则处理单元(E)产生误差信号。
在参照图6描述的示例中,控制表面是界定辊(4)的凹槽(40)的表面,并且如果由传感器(R4)产生的位移信号(S4)的绝对值大于预定限度,则处理单元(E)发出误差信号。例如,辊(4)可以由钢制成,涂覆有耐磨陶瓷材料。
所述误差信号可以用于控制恢复装置的自动介入,该恢复装置适于恢复刀片的锋利。更特别地,当误差信号的绝对值大于/小于预定参考值时,可以自动启用/停用所述恢复装置的介入。例如,可以通过下述部件来实现恢复刀片的锋利:适合布置在刀片的两侧的机动化砂轮(100),即,各自均由旋转致动器(101)驱动的砂轮;致动器(101),其中只要误差信号的绝对值大于预定参考值,就调节砂轮(100)的旋转速度。
或者,例如,如果砂轮(100)为各自均连接至相应的机动化滑动装置(102)的砂轮,那么只要误差信号的绝对值大于预设参考量,则可以通过下述方式来实现恢复刀片的锋利:使用误差信号以用于移动机动化滑动装置(102)(如图7中由箭头“F”示意性地指示的),从而调节砂轮(100)施加于刀片的两侧的压力。
图7的图中示出了致动器(5)和滑动装置(6),其中,为了简化之目的,致动器(5)和滑动装置(6)两者均连接至单元(4),然而在磨锐装置中,通常优选的是将两个砂轮均连接至旋转致动器或机动化滑动装置。
由于取决于前述误差信号的符号为正还是为负,可以致动左砂轮或右砂轮(100),因而刀片锋利的自动恢复是可选择的。
实际上,在不脱离所采用的方案的范围并因而保持在本专利所授予的保护范围的限制内的情况下,执行的细节(如在形状、尺寸、元件布置和所使用材料的性质方面)能够以任何等效的方式变化。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于控制刀片(2)的磨锐状态的设备,所述刀片具有切刃(20),所述切刃由朝向包含所述切刃本身的平面(X)会聚的两侧(21、22)界定,其特征在于,所述设备包括两个控制表面,所述控制表面中的每一个均与所述切刃(20)的对应侧(21、22)接触并与至少一个传感器(Rl、R2、R4)连接,所述传感器产生与所述控制表面相对于所述平面(X)的位移成比例的电位移信号(S1、S2;S4),并且其中,所述设备包括可编程电子单元(E),所述可编程电子单元接收所述位移信号(S1、S2、S4)并比较所述位移信号,并在该比较产生超过预定限度的值时发出误差信号,并且其中,所述可编程电子单元连接至用于支撑和移动磨锐装置(100)的装置(101、102)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述控制表面为两个探针式探测器(30、31)的外表面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述探针式探测器(30、31)围绕两个相应的轴线(Y0、Y1)铰接。
4.根据权利要求1和2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述传感器(R1、R2)中的每一个为旋转编码器。
5.根据权利要求3和4所述的设备,其特征在于,所述旋转传感器(R1、R2)中的每一个应用于相应探测器(31、32)的旋转轴线(Y0、Y1)。
6.根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的设备,其特征在于,所述轴线(Y0、Y1)相互平行且相对于所述平面(X)彼此相对,并且由相应的臂(32、34)支撑。
7.根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的设备,其特征在于,所述轴线(Y0、Y1)是重合的。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述控制表面为界定辊(4)的外部凹槽(40)的表面,所述辊沿着轴线(A4)自由地平移,该轴线垂直于所述平面(X)并与所述刀片(2)间隔开一定量以使得所述切刃(20)进入所述凹槽(40)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,所述误差信号与光信号和/或声信号相关联。
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