CN105672192A - Simulation device of instant unstable burst of dam under extreme load condition and operation method - Google Patents
Simulation device of instant unstable burst of dam under extreme load condition and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105672192A CN105672192A CN201610180201.3A CN201610180201A CN105672192A CN 105672192 A CN105672192 A CN 105672192A CN 201610180201 A CN201610180201 A CN 201610180201A CN 105672192 A CN105672192 A CN 105672192A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation device of instant unstable burst of a dam under an extreme load condition and an operation method, relates to the technical field of dam burst, and is a test device and a method suitable for researching instant burst of the dam caused by instability of a dam shoulder. The simulation device of instant unstable burst of the dam under extreme load condition comprises a leakage preventing unit, a fixed platform, the dam, a water tank and an unstable unit. The dam consists of multiple baffle plates, and is kept in a stable state under combined action of the fixed platform, the water tank and related parts in the leakage preventing unit and the unstable unit. The instability of the dam shoulder is realized through fusing of a copper wire by heating of a resistance wire in the unstable unit; and the instant burst test effect of the dam is realized through unbalanced stress of the dam and collapse and water rushing destroy of the baffle plates caused by unstable dam shoulder. The simulation device provides the test theory and method for research on instant dam burst mechanism and instant burst water current moving rules caused by unstable dam shoulder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to big dam breaking technical field, the analog burst particularly to dam body moment unstability under a kind of extreme loading condition and operation method.
Background technology
Along with the development of hydraulic engineering, the quantity of reservoir dam gets more and more, according to " first time whole nation water conservancy generaI investigation publication " display of issue in 2013, national total 98002, reservoir, aggregate storage capacity 9323.12 hundred million m3. Reservoir dam is Flood Control in Certain Area safety, irrigation, supplying water provides important leverage, human social development serves extremely important impetus, is the important component part of China's flood-prevention project system. But As time goes on, the phenomenon such as reservoir inevitably ageing and breakage. Particularly in recent years, the natural environment event such as seismic events and extreme flood dramatically increases, and the risk that dam bursts improves constantly. The harm caused due to big dam breaking is extremely serious, and people increasingly pay attention to the research to dam bursting mechanism. Dam break physical experiments has the unrivaled superiority of other ways and means in mechanism of collapsed dam research, and model-test data is the Main Basis of great Hydraulic Engineering Design and construction. Understand mechanism of collapsed dam, the flood peak dynamic trait of dam-break water flow and flood wave evolution form, be conducive to carrying out in dam break downstream the precautionary measures, reduce the huge Loss of Life and property that dam break causes.
Research of bursting in wink for dam, conventional dam-break experiments device is mainly from pull baffle plate above dam body, make current out from below, the process of pull baffle plate objectively have impact on the dam-break mode of dam body, the effect that moment bursts is not reached yet, inevitable artificial disturbance and error eventually result in result of the test and bigger error, the accuracy of impact test occur. Therefore, dam body moment unstability is burst, and analog and test method that dam abutment unstability that particularly the irresistible extreme load such as violent earthquake or landslide causes, dam body moment burst need further research.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: analog that the technical problem to be solved is to provide under a kind of extreme loading condition dam body moment unstability bursts and operation method, existing dam body moment unstability is overcome to burst the deficiency of experimental technique, reduce the personal error in dam break model test, analog and test method that dam abutment unstability that the irresistible extreme loads such as a kind of violent earthquake or landslide cause, dam body moment burst particularly are provided, prevent and reduce natural disasters risk assessment level and to reduce the potential hazard of reservoir Dam on Downstream significant to improving reservoir dam.
Technical scheme: this invention address that the analog that under the extreme loading condition that its technical problem adopts, dam body moment unstability is burst, including leakproof unit, fixed platform, dam body, tank and unstability unit.
Described leakproof unit is made up of anti-runout and retention device. Described anti-runout top dead center position is provided with circular hole, and the side upper end-face edge of anti-runout and bottom land connect as one, and ground is fixed in anti-runout lower end; Described retention device is arranged in the circular hole on anti-runout top, is provided with multiple aperture bottom retention device.
Described fixed platform is made up of base, support bar, iron ring, steel pipe, iron hoop, iron wire, weight A, connector, steel wire rope, weight B, spring and a stay tube. Base is fixed in described support bar lower end, and post upper is fixing with steel pipe lower-left end to be connected; Described iron ring is fixed on support bar side, and iron ring is centrally located at the underface of steel pipe left end; Described steel pipe side immediately below tank, steel pipe is provided with several transverse joints, and the downside of steel pipe left end is fixed on post upper, and the downside of steel pipe right-hand member is fixed on a stay tube upper end; Described connector is laid in steel duct through iron hoop; The overall diameter of described iron hoop more than steel pipe interior diameter and less than the overall diameter of steel pipe, iron hoop is nested in the transverse joint of steel pipe side; Described iron wire one end is connected with iron hoop, the other end is connected with weight A after some aperture bottom retention device; Described weight B is suspended from immediately below iron ring, and weight B is connected with the connector of high order end by steel wire rope; Described spring is vertically laid in a stay tube, and the external diameter of spring is equal to the internal diameter of a stay tube, and spring upper end is connected with the connector of low order end by steel wire rope, and lower spring end is fixed on a stay tube lower end; Described steel wire rope two ends are provided with bead, and the diameter of bead is more than the diameter of steel wire rope; Described support tube side face is provided with semi-cylindrical hole, and base is fixed in a stay tube lower end; Described base is xoncrete structure and is fixed on ground.
Described dam body is made up of several baffle plates. Baffle plate is spliced by some baffle plate blocks again, seals with sealing material between adjacent baffle plate block and between baffle plate block and described tank, and the back side side of baffle plate relies on the iron wire jointly indexed by iron hoop and weight A.
Described tank is divided into upstream tank and downstream tank, and tank is made up of the cell wall of bottom land and both sides. Upstream tank and downstream tank are all connected with leakproof unit and dam body, and the bottom land of upstream tank and the bottom land junction of downstream tank are provided with the circular hole installing retention device.
Described unstability unit is made up of on and off switch, adiabatic box, resistance wire and copper wire. Described unstability unit is arranged in support semi-cylindrical hole, tube side face, and the outer layer of unstability unit is adiabatic box; Described resistance wire is arranged vertically at inside adiabatic box, and on and off switch is arranged on adiabatic box outside and is connected by electric wire with resistance wire; Described copper wire is from top to bottom through adiabatic box, the spring upper end that the upper end of copper wire is fixed on a top for stay tube, lower end is connected to.
In the present invention, described connector is made up of female joint, steel wire rope and male joint. Described steel wire rope two ends are provided with bead, and the diameter of bead, more than the diameter of steel wire rope, is connected with steel wire rope between female joint and the male joint of same connector, is connected with male joint by female joint between two adjacent connectors. Described female joint one end is laminated structure, the other end is round tube shape structure, laminated structure is for being with foraminate semicircle, the side of round tube shape structure has arcuate socket and circular hole, arcuate socket and circular hole all communicate with the inwall of round tube shape structure, arcuate socket is along the axially arranged of pipe and the end being positioned at round tube shape structure, circular hole is positioned at the top of arcuate socket and intersects with arcuate socket, the aperture of the circular hole diameter equal to steel wire rope two ends bead and the internal diameter more than round tube shape structure, the aperture of arcuate socket is equal to the diameter of steel wire rope; Described male joint one end is recessed hemisphere, the other end is round tube shape structure, and recessed hemisphere centre of surface position is provided with hook formation, and the round tube shape structure of male joint is identical with the round tube shape structure of female joint, and side also has arcuate socket and circular hole. Connect with steel wire rope between female joint and the male joint of described same connector, connected mode is that steel wire rope two ends bead is respectively embedded into the round tube shape structure side circular hole of female joint and the round tube shape structure side circular hole of male joint, fills in inside round tube shape structure by steel wire rope by the arcuate socket of round tube shape structure side simultaneously; Being connected with male joint by female joint between the connector that said two is adjacent, connected mode is to be hooked by the hook formation of male joint in the laminated structure aperture of female joint.
In the present invention, the side immediately below described steel pipe is provided with several transverse joints, and the length of transverse joint is equal to the overall diameter of described iron hoop, and the width of transverse joint is equal to the overall diameter of described iron hoop and the difference of interior diameter, and transverse joint is perpendicular to pipe axis and is arranged in parallel.
In the present invention, the instability condition of described unstability unit makes resistance wire heating fusing copper wire realize by the switch that switches on power.
In the present invention, described layout of spring is in described stay tube, and the external diameter of spring is identical with supporting bore, scribbles lubricating oil between spring and a stay tube; Described spring is in maximum tension state under the combined effect of copper wire, steel wire rope and a stay tube, after copper wire is fused by resistance wire, spring stress is unbalance, and moment contraction drives weight B to rise rapidly, weight B is subject to after iron ring stops to stop suddenly rising, under strong elastic wave percussion, the male joint hook formation generation stretcher strain of some or certain several connectors or fracture, cause dam body unstability in steel pipe.
In the present invention, described weight A jointly drew iron wire before dam body unstability and makes all baffle plates remain stationary state with described iron hoop, along with connector and steel wire rope fall to tank both sides after dam body unstability, all of iron wire is dragged to anti-runout by weight A moment, iron hoop is dragged to retention device, unbalance at baffle plate self gravitation and upstream acting by external hydrostatic pressure lower baffle plate, dam body moment caves in, and baffle plate block is washed away.
As preferably, described steel pipe is vertically across tank.
As preferably, the side immediately below described steel pipe is provided with several transverse joints, and each transverse joint is perpendicular to pipe axis, and the distance between different transverse joints is equal, and the length of transverse joint is equal to the overall diameter of iron hoop, and the width of transverse joint is equal to the overall diameter of iron hoop and the difference of interior diameter.
As preferably, the overall diameter of described iron hoop is more than the interior diameter of steel pipe, it is to avoid iron hoop swings along with connector and leaves the transverse joint at place and enter steel duct, the weight A towing process that comes off of iron hoop after affect dam abutment unstability.
As preferably, being welded on post upper immediately below on the left of described steel pipe, on the right side of described steel pipe, the underface of port is welded on the support bar sidewall upper near tank direction.
As preferably, described dam body is made up of several baffle plates, and each baffle plate is spliced by several baffle plate blocks again, and baffle plate block selects finished lamellar stone or special earth and stone material plate, seals with sealing material between baffle plate block and between baffle plate block and tank.
As preferably, thicker bottom described retention device, the aperture of bottom is arranged side by side, and hole shape is the terrace with edge stood upside down, and substantially increases iron hoop and is dragged to the probability of auto arrangement after retention device, reduces the probability that iron hoop is wound around mutually.
As preferably, the shape of described adiabatic box is designed as hollow semicolumn, and the size of adiabatic box is identical with the size supporting semi-cylindrical hole, tube side face so that unstability unit is collectively forming a complete support column with a stay tube.
As preferably, the round tube shape structure of described female joint and male joint being designed with arcuate socket, arcuate socket has the advantage preventing steel wire rope from coming off from female joint and male joint spring.
As preferably, described male joint one end is recessed hemisphere, and recessed hemisphere centre of surface position is provided with hook formation; Described female joint one end is laminated structure, and laminated structure is for being with foraminate semicircle. After the hook formation of male joint hooks the laminated structure aperture of female joint, shape cylindrical-shaped structure between male joint and female joint, it is to avoid connector is likely to by the defect of card at port of steel pipe.
Technical scheme provided by the invention also includes the operation method of the analog burst based on dam body moment unstability under above-mentioned extreme loading condition, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1. initial, dam body is in fixed platform, anti-runout, state is remained stable under tank and copper wire combined effect, ferrum ring in fixed platform, iron wire and weight A constitute the skeleton of dam body, wherein, iron hoop is by the rope traction in steel pipe, iron wire is jointly drawn by iron hoop and weight A and stretches, every section of steel wire rope in steel pipe broadly falls into a part for connector, hooked by the hook formation of male joint between adjacent connector in the laminated structure aperture of female joint and connect, in steel pipe, the connector of high order end is connected with weight B by steel wire rope, in steel pipe, the connector of low order end is connected with the upper end of spring by steel wire rope, a stay tube lower end is fixed in the lower end of spring, copper wire is from top to bottom through adiabatic box, the upper end of copper wire is fixed on the top of a stay tube, the spring upper end that lower end is connected to, spring is at copper wire, it is in maximum tension state under the combined effect of steel wire rope and a stay tube,
When 2. testing, turning on the power switch connection circuit, resistance wire generates heat gradually, and the copper wire in adiabatic box gradually burns under the high temperature action of resistance wire;
3. after copper wire fusing, pulling force moment suffered by spring reduces, it is stretched to the longest spring sharply retracted downward, contraction process drive weight B rise rapidly, weight B is subject to after iron ring stops to stop suddenly rising, under strong elastic wave percussion, the male joint hook formation generation stretcher strain of some or certain several connectors or fracture in steel pipe;
4. along with male joint hook formation generation stretcher strain or fracture, connector in steel pipe comes off from steel pipe two ends under the common pulling force effect of weight B and spring, simultaneously, iron hoop also comes off from connector and loses the fixation of steel wire rope, iron hoop and iron wire and be dragged to retention device and anti-runout by weight A respectively;
5. baffle plate is after losing iron wire support, disequilibrium under self gravitation and upstream acting by external hydrostatic pressure, and sealing material is torn, and dam body moment caves in, and baffle plate block is washed away;
6. last turn off the power switch, cuts off the circuit of resistance wire.
According to above-mentioned corresponding steps, the simulation test that dam body moment bursts can be realized, by reclaiming baffle plate block, change male joint and copper wire, re-assemblying device, it is possible to carry out dam body moment unstability and burst repeated trials, thus deeply disclosing the hydraulic characteristic(s) of moment dam-break water flow.
Beneficial effect: analog that under a kind of extreme loading condition of the present invention, dam body moment unstability is burst and operation method, has the advantages that
(1) analog that under the extreme loading condition of the present invention, dam body moment unstability is burst improves spontaneity and the randomness of the process of bursting, and overcomes interference and error that manual operation causes;
(2) the unstability unit unique design of the present invention makes analog be more suitable for the dam bursting problem that research dam abutment unstability causes;
(3) spring of the present invention sharply shrinks to rise rapidly with weight B and is obstructed so that the hook formation of connector male joint bears great momentum, ensure that sharply stretcher strain or fracture can occur hook formation in moment, caving in burst for dam body moment provides guarantee;
(4) dam body of the present invention is made up of some baffle plate blocks, dam break process is that dam body washes away with a loud crash, overcome monoblock baffle plate and pull upwardly on the limitation that hydraulic jump phenomenon occurs in process so that dam bursting flood motion more meets the characteristics of motion of nature dam-break water flow, and test effect is more accurate;
(5) all of iron wire is dragged to anti-runout by the weight A of present invention moment after dam body unstability, iron hoop is dragged to retention device, it is to avoid after dam body unstability, iron hoop and iron wire are wound around baffle plate block and affect the motion of dam-break water flow, design ingenious.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the analog structural representation that under extreme loading condition, dam body moment unstability is burst;
Fig. 2 is the leakproof cellular construction schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the fixed platform structural representation in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the connecting-piece structure schematic diagram in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 and connected mode schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the unstability cell schematics in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the iron hoop in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 and connection member schematic diagram thereof.
In figure: 1-leakproof unit, the anti-runout of 11-, 12-retention device, 2-fixed platform, 20-base, 21-support bar, 211-iron ring, 22-steel pipe, 23-iron hoop, 24-iron wire, 25-weight A, 26-connector, 261-female joint, 262-male joint, 263-steel wire rope, 27-weight B, 28-spring, 29-props up stay tube, 3-dam body, 31-baffle plate, 4-tank, 41-bottom land, 42-cell wall, 431-upstream tank, 432-downstream tank, 5-unstability unit, 51-resistance wire, 52-on and off switch, 53-thermal insulation box, 54-copper wire.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment:
As shown in figs 1 to 6, the analog that under the extreme loading condition of the present invention, dam body moment unstability is burst, including leakproof unit 1, fixed platform 2, dam body 3, tank 4 and unstability unit 5.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, leakproof unit 1 is made up of anti-runout 11 and retention device 12. Anti-runout 11 top dead center position is provided with circular hole, and the side upper end-face edge of anti-runout 11 and bottom land 41 connect as one, and ground is fixed in anti-runout 11 lower end; Retention device 12 is arranged in the circular hole on anti-runout 11 top, is provided with multiple aperture bottom retention device 12.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, fixed platform 2 is made up of base 20, support bar 21, iron ring 211, steel pipe 22, iron hoop 23, iron wire 24, weight A25, connector 26, steel wire rope 263, weight B27, spring 28 and a stay tube 29. Base 20 is fixed in support bar 21 lower end, and support bar 21 upper end is fixing with steel pipe 22 lower-left end to be connected; Iron ring 221 is fixed on support bar 21 side, and iron ring 221 is centrally located at the underface of steel pipe 22 left end; Steel pipe 22 is across tank 4, side immediately below steel pipe 22 is provided with 6 transverse joints being perpendicular to steel pipe 22 axis, the downside of steel pipe 22 left end is fixed on support bar 21 upper end, and the downside of steel pipe 22 right-hand member is fixed on stay tube 29 upper end, and iron hoop 23 is nested in the transverse joint of steel pipe 22 side; It is internal that connector 26 is laid in steel pipe 23 through iron hoop 23, connect with steel wire rope 263 between female joint 261 and the male joint 262 of same connector, connected mode is the round tube shape structure side circular hole of round tube shape structure side circular hole and the male joint 262 that steel wire rope 263 two ends bead is respectively embedded into female joint 261, fills in inside round tube shape structure by steel wire rope 263 by the arcuate socket of round tube shape structure side simultaneously; Being connected with male joint 262 by female joint 261 between two adjacent connectors 26, connected mode is to be hooked by the hook formation of male joint 262 in the laminated structure aperture of female joint 261. Iron wire 24 one end is connected with iron hoop 23, the other end is connected with weight A25 after some aperture bottom retention device 12; Weight B27 is suspended from immediately below iron ring 211, and weight B27 is connected with the connector 26 of high order end by steel wire rope 263; Spring 28 is vertically laid in a stay tube 29, spring 28 upper end is connected with the connector 26 of low order end by steel wire rope 263, stay tube 29 lower end is fixed in spring 28 lower end, scribbling lubricating oil between spring 28 and a stay tube 29, spring 28 is in maximum tension state under the combined effect of copper wire 54, steel wire rope 263 and a stay tube 29; Prop up stay tube 29 side and be provided with semi-cylindrical hole; Propping up stay tube 29 lower end and be fixed on base 26, base 26 is for xoncrete structure and is fixed on ground.
As it is shown in figure 1, dam body 3 is made up of six baffle plates 31, baffle plate 31 is spliced by 42 baffle plate blocks again. Seal with sealing material between adjacent baffle plate block and between baffle plate block and tank 4, the back side side of baffle plate 32 relies on the iron wire 24 jointly indexed by iron hoop 23 and weight A25, and weight A25 jointly drew iron wire 24 before dam body unstability and makes all baffle plates 31 remain stationary state with iron hoop 23.
As it is shown in figure 1, tank 4 is divided into upstream tank 431 and downstream tank 432, tank 4 is made up of the cell wall 42 of bottom land 41 and both sides. Upstream tank 431 and downstream tank 432 are all connected with leakproof unit 1 and dam body 3, and the bottom land 41 of upstream tank 431 and bottom land 41 junction of downstream tank 432 are provided with the circular hole installing retention device 12.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, unstability unit 5 is made up of on and off switch 51, adiabatic box 52, resistance wire 53 and copper wire 54. Unstability unit 5 is arranged in a semi-cylindrical hole, stay tube 29 side, and the outer layer of unstability unit 5 is adiabatic box 52; It is internal that resistance wire 53 is arranged vertically at adiabatic box 52; On and off switch 51 is arranged on adiabatic box 52 outside and is connected by electric wire with resistance wire 53; Copper wire 54 is from top to bottom through adiabatic box 52, spring 28 upper end that the upper end of copper wire 54 is fixed on a top for stay tube 29, lower end is connected to.
In the present embodiment, after copper wire 54 is fused by resistance wire 53, spring 28 stress is unbalance, and moment contraction drives weight B27 to rise rapidly, weight B27 is subject to after iron ring 211 stops to stop suddenly rising, under moment very big Impulse, in steel pipe 22, the male joint 262 hook formation generation stretcher strain of some or certain several connectors 26 or fracture, cause dam body unstability. Along with connector 26 and steel wire rope 263 fall to tank 4 both sides after dam body unstability, all of iron wire 24 is dragged to anti-runout 11 by weight A25 moment, iron hoop 23 is dragged to retention device 12, unbalance at baffle plate 31 self gravitation and upstream acting by external hydrostatic pressure lower baffle plate 31, dam body 3 moment caves in, and baffle plate block is washed away.
Under the extreme loading condition of the present embodiment, the operation method of the analog that dam body moment unstability is burst comprises the following steps:
1. initial, dam body 3 remains stable for state under fixed platform 2, anti-runout 11, tank 4 and copper wire 54 combined effect, iron hoop 23 in fixed platform 2, iron wire 24 and weight A25 constitute the skeleton of dam body, and spring 28 is in maximum tension state under the combined effect of copper wire 54, steel wire rope 263 and a stay tube 29;
When 2. testing, turning on the power switch 51 connection circuit, resistance wire 53 generates heat gradually, and the copper wire 54 in adiabatic box 52 gradually burns under the high temperature action of resistance wire 53;
3. after copper wire 54 fusing, pulling force moment suffered by spring 28 reduces, it is stretched to the longest spring 53 sharply retracted downward, contraction process drive weight B27 rise rapidly, weight B27 is subject to after iron ring 211 stops to stop suddenly rising, under strong elastic wave percussion, the male joint 262 hook formation generation stretcher strain of some or certain several connectors 26 or fracture in steel pipe 22;
4. along with male joint 262 hook formation generation stretcher strain or fracture, connector 26 in steel pipe 22 comes off from steel pipe 22 two ends under the common pulling force effect of weight B27 and spring 28, simultaneously, iron hoop 23 also comes off from connector 26 and loses the fixation of steel wire rope 263, and iron hoop 23 and iron wire 24 are dragged to retention device 12 and anti-runout 11 respectively by weight A25;
5. baffle plate 31 is after losing iron wire 24 support, disequilibrium under self gravitation and upstream acting by external hydrostatic pressure, and sealing material is torn, and dam body 3 moment caves in, and baffle plate block is washed away;
6. last turn off the power switch 51, cuts off the circuit of resistance wire 53.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it is noted that, for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the analog that under an extreme loading condition, dam body moment unstability is burst, it is characterized in that: include leakproof unit (1), fixed platform (2), dam body (3), tank (4) and unstability unit (5)
Described leakproof unit (1) is made up of anti-runout (11) and retention device (12), anti-runout (11) top dead center position is provided with circular hole, the side upper end-face edge of anti-runout (11) and bottom land (41) connect as one, ground is fixed in anti-runout (11) lower end, described retention device (12) is arranged in the circular hole on anti-runout (11) top, and retention device (12) bottom is provided with multiple aperture;
Described fixed platform (2) is by base (20), support bar (21), iron ring (211), steel pipe (22), iron hoop (23), iron wire (24), weight A (25), connector (26), steel wire rope (263), weight B (27), spring (28) and a stay tube (29) are constituted, base (20) is fixed in described support bar (21) lower end, support bar (21) upper end is fixing with steel pipe (22) lower-left end to be connected, described iron ring (221) is fixed on support bar (21) side, iron ring (221) is centrally located at the underface of steel pipe (22) left end, described steel pipe (22) is across tank (4), side immediately below steel pipe (22) is provided with several transverse joints, it is internal that described connector (26) is laid in steel pipe (23) through iron hoop (23), the overall diameter of described iron hoop (23) more than steel pipe (22) interior diameter and less than the overall diameter of steel pipe (22), iron hoop (23) is nested in the transverse joint of steel pipe (22) side, described iron wire (24) one end is connected with iron hoop (23), the other end is connected with weight A (25) after some aperture of retention device (12) bottom, described weight B (27) is suspended from immediately below iron ring (211), weight B (27) is connected with the connector (26) of high order end by steel wire rope (263), described spring (28) is vertically laid in a stay tube (29), the external diameter of spring (28) is equal to (29) internal diameter of a stay tube, spring (28) upper end is connected with the connector (26) of low order end by steel wire rope (263), stay tube (29) lower end is fixed in spring (28) lower end, described steel wire rope (263) two ends are provided with bead, the diameter of bead is more than the diameter of steel wire rope (263), described stay tube (29) side is provided with semi-cylindrical hole, prop up stay tube (29) lower end and be fixed on base (26), described base (26) for xoncrete structure and is fixed on ground,
Described dam body (3) is made up of several baffle plates (31), baffle plate (31) is spliced by some baffle plate blocks again, sealing with sealing material between adjacent baffle plate block and between baffle plate block and described tank (4), the back side side of baffle plate (32) relies on the iron wire (24) by iron hoop (23) and weight A (25) index jointly;
Described tank (4) is divided into upstream tank (431) and downstream tank (432), described tank (4) is made up of the cell wall (42) of bottom land (41) and both sides, upstream tank (431) and downstream tank (432) are all connected with leakproof unit (1) and dam body (3), and the bottom land (41) of upstream tank (431) and bottom land (41) junction of downstream tank (432) are provided with the circular hole installing retention device (12);
Described unstability unit (5) is by and off switch (51), adiabatic box (52), resistance wire (53) and copper wire (54) are constituted, unstability unit (5) is arranged in a semi-cylindrical hole, stay tube (29) side, the outer layer of unstability unit (5) is adiabatic box (52), it is internal that resistance wire (53) is arranged vertically at adiabatic box (52), on and off switch (51) is arranged on adiabatic box (52) outside and is connected by electric wire with resistance wire (53), copper wire (54) is from top to bottom through adiabatic box (52), the upper end of copper wire (54) is fixed on the top of a stay tube (29), spring (28) upper end that lower end is connected to.
2. the analog that under extreme loading condition according to claim 1, dam body moment unstability is burst, it is characterized in that: described connector (26) is by female joint (261), steel wire rope (263) and male joint (262) composition, steel wire rope (263) two ends are provided with bead, the diameter of bead is more than the diameter of steel wire rope (263), connect with steel wire rope (263) between female joint (261) and the male joint (262) of same connector, it is connected with male joint (262) by female joint (261) between two adjacent connectors (26).
3. the analog that under extreme loading condition according to claim 2, dam body moment unstability is burst, it is characterized in that: described female joint (261) one end is laminated structure, the other end is round tube shape structure, laminated structure is for being with foraminate semicircle, the side of round tube shape structure has arcuate socket and circular hole, arcuate socket and circular hole all communicate with the inwall of round tube shape structure, arcuate socket is along the axially arranged of pipe and the end being positioned at round tube shape structure, circular hole is positioned at the top of arcuate socket and intersects with arcuate socket; Described male joint (262) one end is recessed hemisphere, the other end is round tube shape structure, recessed hemisphere centre of surface position is provided with hook formation, the round tube shape structure of male joint (262) is identical with the round tube shape structure of female joint (261), and side also has arcuate socket and circular hole.
4. the analog that under extreme loading condition according to claim 2, dam body moment unstability is burst, it is characterized in that: connect with steel wire rope (263) between female joint (261) and the male joint (262) of described same connector, connected mode is the round tube shape structure side circular hole of round tube shape structure side circular hole and the male joint (262) that steel wire rope (263) two ends bead is respectively embedded into female joint (261), fills in inside round tube shape structure by steel wire rope (263) by the arcuate socket of round tube shape structure side simultaneously; Being connected with male joint (262) by female joint (261) between the connector (26) that said two is adjacent, connected mode is to be hooked by the hook formation of male joint (262) in the laminated structure aperture of female joint (261).
5. the analog that under extreme loading condition according to claim 1, dam body moment unstability is burst, it is characterized in that: the side immediately below described steel pipe (22) is provided with several transverse joints, the length of transverse joint is equal to the overall diameter of described iron hoop (23), the width of transverse joint is equal to the overall diameter of described iron hoop (23) and the difference of interior diameter, and transverse joint is perpendicular to pipe axis and is arranged in parallel.
6. the analog that under extreme loading condition according to claim 1, dam body moment unstability is burst, it is characterised in that: the instability condition of described unstability unit (5) makes resistance wire (53) heating fusing copper wire (54) realize by the switch (51) that switches on power.
7. the analog that under extreme loading condition according to claim 1, dam body moment unstability is burst, it is characterized in that: described spring (28) is arranged in a described stay tube (29), the external diameter of spring (28) is identical with stay tube (29) internal diameter, scribbles lubricating oil between spring (53) and a stay tube (23), described spring (28) is in copper wire (54), it is in maximum tension state under the combined effect of steel wire rope (263) and a stay tube (29), after copper wire (54) is fused by resistance wire (53), spring (28) stress is unbalance, and moment contraction drives weight B (27) to rise rapidly, weight B (27) is subject to after iron ring (211) stops to stop suddenly rising, under strong elastic wave percussion, male joint (262) the hook formation generation stretcher strain of some or certain several connectors (26) or fracture in steel pipe (22), cause dam body unstability.
8. the analog that under extreme loading condition according to claim 1, dam body moment unstability is burst, it is characterized in that: described weight A (25) was jointly drawn iron wire (24) before dam body unstability and made all baffle plates (31) remain stationary state with described iron hoop (23), after dam body unstability, all of iron wire (24) is dragged to anti-runout (11) by weight A (25) moment, iron hoop (23) is dragged to retention device (12), unbalance at baffle plate (31) self gravitation and upstream acting by external hydrostatic pressure lower baffle plate (31), dam body (3) moment caves in, baffle plate block is washed away.
9. the operation method of the analog that dam body moment unstability is burst under the extreme loading condition according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1. initial, dam body (3) is in fixed platform (2), anti-runout (11), state is remained stable under tank (4) and copper wire (54) combined effect, iron hoop (23) in fixed platform (2), iron wire (24) and weight A (25) constitute the skeleton of dam body, wherein, iron hoop (23) is drawn by the steel wire rope (263) in steel pipe (22), iron wire (24) is stretched by iron hoop (23) and weight A (25) traction jointly, spring (28) is in copper wire (54), it is in maximum tension state under the combined effect of steel wire rope (263) and a stay tube (29),
When 2. testing, turning on the power switch (51) and connect circuit, resistance wire (53) generates heat gradually, and the copper wire (54) in adiabatic box (52) gradually burns under the high temperature action of resistance wire (53);
3. after copper wire (54) fusing, pulling force moment suffered by spring (28) reduces, it is stretched to the longest spring (53) sharply retracted downward, contraction process drive weight B (27) rise rapidly, weight B (27) is subject to after iron ring (211) stops to stop suddenly rising, under strong elastic wave percussion, male joint (262) the hook formation generation stretcher strain of some or certain several connectors (26) or fracture in steel pipe (22);
4. along with the generation stretcher strain of male joint (262) hook formation or fracture, connector (26) in steel pipe (22) comes off from steel pipe (22) two ends under the common pulling force effect of weight B (27) and spring (28), simultaneously, iron hoop (23) also comes off from connector (26) and loses the fixation of steel wire rope (263), and iron hoop (23) and iron wire (24) are dragged to retention device (12) and anti-runout (11) respectively by weight A (25);
5. baffle plate (31) is after losing iron wire (24) support, disequilibrium under self gravitation and upstream acting by external hydrostatic pressure, and sealing material is torn, and dam body (3) moment caves in, and baffle plate block is washed away;
6. last turn off the power switch (51), cuts off the circuit of resistance wire (53);
According to above-mentioned corresponding steps, the simulation test that dam body (3) moment bursts can be realized, by reclaiming baffle plate block, replacing male joint (262) and copper wire (54), re-assemblying device, dam body (3) moment unstability can be carried out burst repeated trials, thus deeply disclosing the hydraulic characteristic(s) of moment dam-break water flow.
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