CN105671438B - A kind of manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel and its processing technology - Google Patents
A kind of manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel and its processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- MSCSENAVCUWVAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[W].[Ti] Chemical compound [Mn].[W].[Ti] MSCSENAVCUWVAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001145 Ferrotungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 ferroboron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical group [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003178 Mo2C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKPXGEVFQSIKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Si] Chemical compound [Mg].[Si] MKPXGEVFQSIKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003657 tungsten Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to wear-resistant cast steel field, specifically a kind of manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel and its processing technology, the component of the wear-resistant cast steel press following mass percentage composition：C：0.20‑0.35%、W：1.0‑2.0%、Si：0.5‑1.5%、Mn：0.8‑1.5%、Cr：1.0‑2.0%、Ti：1.0‑2.0%、B：1.0‑‑1.5%、Mo：0.1‑‑0.3%、S：≤0.04%、P：≤ 0.04%, surplus is iron；There are tungsten atoms, tungsten atom in molten steel during preparation can partly replace the position of iron atom in carbide, be formed (W, Fe)3C, and common cementite microhardness is about 800Hv, the addition of tungsten atom can improve microhardness, can reach 1600-1800Hv or so, so as to improve the hardness of cast steel；Ti elements are also added into simultaneously, molten steel is made to generate enough equiax crystal TiC, greatly increases its amounts of particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wear-resistant cast steel materials, in particular to manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel and a processing technology thereof.
Background
At present, wear-resistant materials with martensite or bainite matrix structures or third-generation wear-resistant materials, namely high-chromium cast steel, which has martensite, bainite and residual austenite matrixes and also has particle reinforced phases are mostly applied to the field of wear-resistant materials to develop wear-resistant parts, and because the high-chromium cast steel also has a high-hardness reinforced phase Cr7C3 and the carbide microhardness of the high-hardness reinforced phase reaches HV 1300-1600, the properties of the high-chromium cast steel are greatly improved compared with those of the first two generations of wear-resistant materials, namely white cast steel and high-manganese steel, and the hardness can reach HRC 60-65, but because the carbide of the high-chromium cast steel usually presents a long strip shape and is relatively thick, the impact toughness of the high-chromium cast steel is generally between 3 and 7J/cm2, and some of the high-chromium cast steel are also lower than 3J/cm2, so the high-chromium cast steel is relatively brittle.
With the further severe working conditions and large-scale equipment of some engineering machinery, mining machinery, metallurgical machinery and the like, for example, the equipment markets of sand making machine equipment, hot rolls and the like, the demand for wear-resistant materials with higher wear resistance is more and more urgent. Under the condition, a great amount of experimental research is carried out by predecessors, and a plurality of wear-resistant materials are developed to manufacture wear-resistant key parts so as to meet the service requirement of prolonging the actual service life of a workpiece under severe working conditions.
The composite wear-resistant material based on chromium, manganese, silicon and the like is researched and developed in China, and is successfully applied to the wear-resistant part of the hot roller. Although the research on solidification characteristics, deterioration mechanism, heat treatment process characteristics and the like of the composite wear-resistant material developed by using the casting process at present is nearly mature. The carbide particles in the wear-resistant material have various shapes, such as globose shapes, massive shapes, flower shapes, strip shapes, rod shapes, worm shapes and the like; the spherical primary phase with smooth boundary is the most ideal form, which is beneficial to improving the performance. Therefore, by further optimizing the carbide particle morphology and distribution, it is very beneficial to improve the wear resistance and the performance stability of the wear-resistant material.
In the prior art, the modification treatment method for the wear-resistant material mainly uses rare earth silicon magnesium or (containing B and Zr) sylvite as an inoculation modifier, and the usage amount is 0.5-1.0%. The common rare earth silicon and magnesium are used as alterants, on one hand, the rare earth has the function of purifying molten steel, can generate compounds with oxygen, nitrogen and the like in the molten steel, and simultaneously, the compounds can also be used as nucleation particles to play the role of refining carbide; on the other hand, the rare earth is a surface active element and can be enriched on the surface of the carbide in the solidification process, thereby inhibiting the carbide from growing along the grain boundary and refining the carbide.
In the prior art, rare earth is often used as a modifier, and a large amount of rare earth oxides, nitrides and the like are generated as nucleation particles of carbides when molten steel is purified by utilizing the rare earth; however, the lattice type of these rare earth oxides, nitrides is different from that of carbides. Therefore, these rare earth oxides and nitrides cannot be used as effective heterogeneous nucleation cores of carbide carbides, and the effect is very limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel with reliable performance, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20-0.35%, W: 1.0-2.0%, Si: 0.5-1.5%, Mn: 0.8-1.5%, Cr: 1.0-2.0%, Ti: 1.0-2.0%, B: 1.0-1.5%, Mo: 0.1-0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, and the balance being iron; during the preparation, tungsten atoms exist in the molten steel, and the tungsten atoms can partially replace the position of iron atoms in carbide to form (W, Fe)3C, the microhardness of common cementite is about 800Hv, the microhardness can be improved by adding tungsten atoms, which can reach about 1600-1800 Hv, so that the hardness of the cast steel is improved; meanwhile, Ti element is added, so that molten steel can generate enough nucleation particles TiC, and the particle quantity is greatly increased.
The invention also provides a processing technology of the manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel, which is carried out according to the following steps:
1) cleaning waste steel, ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, ferroboron, ferromolybdenum and ferrochrome, mixing according to the mass percentage requirements, placing in a classified mode, and drying the ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, ferroboron, ferromolybdenum and ferrochrome for later use, wherein the drying is to avoid gas brought into molten steel;
2) adding scrap steel into the furnace, adding ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum and ferrochromium for smelting, adding ferrotungsten and ferroboron at the later stage of smelting, carrying out isothermal treatment after melting down, and adding aluminum wires or aluminum particles for pre-deoxidation;
3) adding ferrotitanium into the furnace after pre-deoxidation, then adding aluminum wires or aluminum particles for final deoxidation treatment, and then discharging the aluminum wires or aluminum particles out of the furnace;
4) then adding a modifier into the molten steel after the molten steel is discharged out of the furnace, and inoculating and modifying the molten steel by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method;
5) and (3) casting the inoculated and modified molten steel, and then carrying out heat treatment.
Preferably, the smelting temperature is 1550-1650 ℃, the isothermal treatment temperature is 1600 ℃, and the isothermal treatment time is 5-8 min.
Preferably, the mass fractions of the aluminum wires or the aluminum particles used for the pre-deoxidation and the final deoxidation account for 0.1 to 0.15 percent of the mass of the molten steel.
Preferably, the alterant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.10% of Ti, 0.25% of RE, 0.15% of Mg and 0.15% of Zn.
Preferably, the composite inoculation modifier of the components is crushed into small particles with the particle size of 1-5mm, the small particles are dried at the temperature of 200 ℃, and then are preset at the bottom of a casting ladle, then molten steel in the casting ladle is inoculated and modified, then is kept stand for 2-3min, and then is poured, wherein the pouring temperature is 1500 ℃.
Preferably, the heat treatment is performed by three times of quenching and one time of tempering.
Preferably, the steel is quenched at 950-1000 ℃ for 30min, then cooled by air, quenched at 900-950 ℃ for 30min, then water-cooled, quenched at 600-800 ℃ for 5min, then water-cooled, and finally tempered at 200-300 ℃ for 2h, and then air-cooled.
According to the technical scheme, the processing technology can enable the carbide particles in the wear-resistant material to be more spheroidized and distributed more uniformly, overcomes the defects that the carbide in the prior art has a plurality of imperfect shapes such as large block, flower, strip, rod and worm shapes and the like and the particles are distributed in chrysanthemum shape and the like, and improves the comprehensive performance of the material.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof and the description herein being illustrative of the invention and not limiting thereof.
The manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20-0.35%, W: 1.0-2.0%, Si: 0.5-1.5%, Mn: 0.8-1.5%, Cr: 1.0-2.0%, Ti: 1.0-2.0%, B: 1.0-1.5%, Mo: 0.1-0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, and the balance being iron; wherein,
carbon C is important for the structure and the performance of the composite wear-resistant material, can be dissolved in a matrix to play a solid solution strengthening role, is a basic element for forming a carbide reinforcing phase, can promote martensite transformation, and improves the hardenability of the composite wear-resistant material. Too much carbon content increases the brittleness of the material, and too little reduces the amount of carbide-strengthening phases resulting in a reduced wear resistance. Therefore, the content of C in the material is controlled to be 2.2-3.0%.
Chromium Cr may also react with C to form Cr6C、Cr7C3And Cr23C6Carbides are obtained, but the chromium carbides have low microhardness, and the chromium carbides have poor toughness due to long strip shapes and are preferentially formed in the solidification process of a matrix structure; therefore, the addition amount of Cr element in the present invention is small, and a small amount of Cr can also make it solid-dissolved in austenite, mainly playing a role in improving the hardenability and hardenability of the matrixThe application is as follows.
In the process of producing cast steel, the austenite region can be narrowed, the solubility of carbon in austenite can be reduced, and the eutectic point and the eutectoid point can be moved in the direction of low carbon content. With the increase of the tungsten content, the critical cooling speed can be reduced, so that austenite is more prone to be transformed into martensite or bainite, the matrix hardness is increased, and the tungsten series alloy cast steel has high wear resistance.
Boron B being Fe2The main forming elements of the B particles are easy to react with Fe element in the process of molten steel solidification to form a large amount of netted Fe2The B particles are distributed in the high-boron wear-resistant alloy material to play a role of a wear-resistant framework.
Cr, Cr and Mo, by adding Cr and Mo, Fe can be stabilized2B, Cr reduces Fe2Intrinsic brittleness of phase B; cr can also react with C to form Cr6C、Cr7C3And Cr23C6Equal carbide, but because the addition amount of Cr element is less, the Cr element can only be dissolved in austenite, thereby mainly improving the hardenability and hardenability of the matrix and stabilizing Fe2And B, function. Mo can also form Mo2C carbide, however, is added in a small amount and can be dissolved in the matrix only by solid solution. Therefore, the addition of Cr and Mo to the matrix can stabilize Fe2And B, function.
Titanium Ti is a strong carbide forming element and reacts with C in molten steel to form a large amount of fine and dispersed TiC particles, so that austenite dendritic crystals can be refined, and the form and distribution of eutectic carbide are improved. Therefore, in the component design, the Ti content is directly controlled to be 1.0-2.0%, the alloy is directly added into the molten steel so as to be easy to melt, and a large amount of relatively uniform TiC particles are generated by the electromagnetic field stirring effect of the adopted medium-frequency induction smelting furnace. However, too little or too much Ti element in the molten steel is not favorable for achieving the actual effect, too little Ti element is not favorable for enabling the matrix to generate enough crystal core particles and eutectic carbides for refining the carbides, too much Ti element reduces the fluidity and the mold filling capacity of the molten steel, is not favorable for improving the compactness of a workpiece, and has negative influence on the wear resistance, so the upper limit of the Ti element in the component design is controlled to be 2.0%.
In the process of producing the wear-resistant alloy material, the smelting is realized by adopting a medium-frequency induction furnace. In the present invention, the components of the alterant are designed as follows: 0.10% of Ti + 0.25% of RE + 0.15% of Mg + 0.15% of Zn. The molten steel casting ladle is added with a modifier for modification treatment, wherein the modifier contains a certain amount of rare earth magnesium and zinc, on one hand, the rare earth has the effects of deoxidation and desulfurization, the generated rare earth sulfide, rare earth oxide and rare earth oxysulfide can be removed, the molten steel can be further purified, and the rare earth and magnesium elements can be enriched in a melt at the front edge of austenite dendritic crystals to form a component supercooling zone, so that the development of the austenite dendritic crystals to polycrystals is facilitated, and the dendrite spacing is reduced. On the other hand, rare earth and magnesium are surface active elements and are easy to be selectively adsorbed on a certain crystal face of the carbide, so that the preferential growth of the crystal face of the carbide is inhibited. Magnesium and zinc elements in the alterant have low boiling points, are quickly vaporized after being added into molten steel, generate a large number of atomic groups to cause vacancies on a carbide lattice, and the existence of the vacancies accelerates the dissolution and the diffusion of the carbide, thereby being beneficial to promoting the spheroidization and the uniform distribution of the carbide. The carbides in the shapes of large blocks, flowers, strips, rods, worms and the like and the chrysanthemum-shaped distribution are greatly reduced, so that the performance of the wear-resistant material is more stable and reliable.
Casting the inoculated and modified molten steel, and then quenching for the first time by quenching for three times at 950-1000 ℃ for 30min, then cooling by air, then quenching for 30min at 900-950 ℃, then cooling by water, then quenching for 5min at 600-800 ℃, cooling by water, and finally tempering for 2h at 200-300 ℃ and cooling by air; in this way, not only is more austenite obtained, but also carbide hard particles formed in the structure tempering process can be increased, so that the hardness is improved.
Example 1
Cleaning waste steel, ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, ferroboron, ferromolybdenum and ferrochrome, wherein the mass fraction is 0.20% of C, 1.0% of W, 1.5% of Si, 1.5% of Mn, 1.0% of Cr, 1.0% of Ti, 1.0% of B, 0.1% of Mo, 0.04% of S, 0.04% of P and the balance of iron, and drying ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, ferroboron, ferromolybdenum and ferrochrome, and then classifying and placing for later use; sequentially putting the prepared scrap steel, ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrochromium and ferromolybdenum into a furnace for heating, adding ferrotungsten and ferroboron at the later stage of smelting, and carrying out isothermal treatment after melting down, wherein the smelting temperature is 1550 ℃, the isothermal treatment temperature is 1600 ℃, and the isothermal treatment time is 8 min; then adding an aluminum wire with the mass fraction of 0.1 percent of the molten steel for pre-deoxidation, adding ferrotitanium into the furnace after the pre-deoxidation, and adding 0.1 percent of aluminum particles after about 2min for final deoxidation and discharging from the furnace; uniformly crushing alterants prepared from 0.10% of Ti, 0.25% of rare earth elements, 0.15% of Mg and 0.15% of Zn in the mass of the molten steel into small particles with the diameter of 1mm, drying at 200 ℃, presetting the particles at the bottom of a casting ladle, and inoculating and modifying the molten steel by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method; and (3) standing for 2min after molten steel in the casting ladle is modified, then casting, wherein the casting temperature is 1500 ℃, then quenching for 30min at 950 ℃, cooling by air, then quenching for 30min at 900 ℃, then cooling by water, then quenching for 5min at 800 ℃, finally tempering for 2h at 300 ℃, and then cooling by air to obtain the manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel. The alloy steel material is subjected to performance test to obtain the following components: hardness of 50.3HRC, yield limit of 1797MPa, strength limit of 1855MPa, and impact toughness of 62J/cm2The elongation was 5.4%.
Example 2
Cleaning waste steel, ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, ferroboron, ferromolybdenum and ferrochrome, mixing according to the chemical proportion of 0.3% of C, 1.5% of W, 1% of Si, 1.1% of Mn, 1.5% of Cr, 1.5% of Ti, 1.2% of B, 0.2% of Mo, 0.03% of S, 0.03% of P and the balance of iron, drying the ferrotungsten, the ferromanganese, the ferrotitanium, the ferroboron, the ferromolybdenum and the ferrochrome, and placing in a classified mode for later use; sequentially adding the prepared scrap steel, ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrochromium and ferromolybdenum into a furnace for heating, adding ferrotungsten and ferroboron at the later stage of smelting, carrying out isothermal treatment after melting down, wherein the smelting temperature is 1600 ℃, and the isothermal treatment temperature isThe isothermal treatment time is 7min at 1600 ℃; then adding an aluminum wire with the mass fraction of 0.15 percent of the molten steel for pre-deoxidation, adding ferrotitanium into the furnace after the pre-deoxidation, and adding 0.15 percent of aluminum particles after about 2min for final deoxidation and discharging from the furnace; uniformly crushing alterants prepared from 0.10% of Ti, 0.25% of rare earth elements, 0.15% of Mg and 0.15% of Zn in the mass of the molten steel into small particles with the size of 2mm, drying at 200 ℃, presetting the particles at the bottom of a casting ladle, and inoculating and modifying the molten steel by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method; and (3) standing for 2min after molten steel in the casting ladle is modified, then casting, quenching at the casting temperature of 1500 ℃ for 30min at 970 ℃, cooling by air, quenching at 940 ℃ for 30min, then cooling by water, then quenching at 700 ℃ for 5min, cooling by water, and finally tempering at 260 ℃ for 2h, and then cooling by air to obtain the manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel. The alloy steel material is subjected to performance test to obtain the following components: hardness of 51.7HRC, yield limit of 1818MPa, strength limit of 1891MPa, and impact toughness of 65J/cm2The elongation was 6.3%.
Example 3
Cleaning waste steel, ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, ferroboron, ferromolybdenum and ferrochrome, proportioning according to the chemical proportion of 0.35% of C, 2.0% of W, 0.5% of Si, 0.8% of Mn, 2.0% of Cr, 2.0% of Ti, 1.5% of B, 0.3% of Mo, 0.02% of S, 0.03% of P and the balance of iron, drying the ferrotungsten, the ferromanganese, the ferrotitanium, the ferroboron, the ferromolybdenum and the ferrochrome, and placing the dried ferrotungsten, the ferromanganese, the ferroboron, the ferromolybdenum and the ferrochrome in a classified mode for later use; sequentially putting the prepared scrap steel, ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrochromium and ferromolybdenum into a furnace for heating, adding ferrotungsten and ferroboron at the later stage of smelting, and carrying out isothermal treatment after melting down, wherein the smelting temperature is 1650 ℃, the isothermal treatment temperature is 1600 ℃, and the isothermal treatment time is 5 min; then adding aluminum particles with the mass fraction of 0.1 percent of the molten steel for pre-deoxidation, adding ferrotitanium into the furnace after the pre-deoxidation, and adding 0.15 percent of aluminum wire after about 2min for final deoxidation and discharging from the furnace; uniformly crushing alterants prepared from 0.10% of Ti, 0.25% of rare earth elements, 0.15% of Mg and 0.15% of Zn in the mass of the molten steel into small particles with the diameter of 1mm, drying at 200 ℃, presetting the particles at the bottom of a casting ladle, and inoculating and modifying the molten steel by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method; liquid steel change in casting ladleStanding for 2min, pouring at 1500 ℃, quenching at 1000 ℃ for 30min, cooling with air, quenching at 950 ℃ for 30min, cooling with water, quenching at 600 ℃ for 5min, cooling with water, tempering at 200 ℃ for 2h, and cooling with air to obtain the manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel. The alloy material is subjected to performance test to obtain the following components: the hardness is 51.4HRC, the yield limit is 1791MPa, the strength limit is 1803MPa, and the impact toughness is 63.2J/cm2The elongation was 6.2%.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understanding the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific implementation manners and application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A processing technology of manganese-tungsten-titanium alloy steel is carried out according to the following steps:
1) cleaning waste steel, ferrotungsten, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, ferroboron, ferromolybdenum and ferrochrome, wherein the waste steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20-0.35%, W: 1.0-2.0%, Si: 0.5-1.5%, Mn: 0.8-1.5%, Cr: 1.0-2.0%, Ti: 1.0-2.0%, B: 1.0-1.5%, Mo: 0.1-0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, and the balance of iron, and drying ferro-tungsten, ferro-manganese, ferro-titanium, ferro-boron, ferro-molybdenum and ferrochrome for later use;
2) adding scrap steel into the furnace, adding ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum and ferrochromium for smelting, adding ferrotungsten and ferroboron at the later stage of smelting, carrying out isothermal treatment after melting down, and adding aluminum wires or aluminum particles for pre-deoxidation;
3) adding ferrotitanium into the furnace after pre-deoxidation, then adding aluminum wires or aluminum particles for final deoxidation treatment, and then discharging the aluminum wires or aluminum particles out of the furnace;
4) then adding a modifier into the molten steel after the molten steel is discharged out of the furnace, and inoculating and modifying the molten steel by adopting a ladle bottom flushing method;
5) casting the inoculated and modified molten steel, and then carrying out heat treatment; the smelting temperature is 1550-1650 ℃, the isothermal treatment temperature is 1600 ℃, and the isothermal treatment time is 5-8 min; the mass fractions of the aluminum wires or aluminum particles adopted by the pre-deoxidation and the final deoxidation account for 0.1 to 0.15 percent of the mass of the molten steel; the alterant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.10% of Ti, 0.25% of RE, 0.15% of Mg and 0.15% of Zn; crushing the composite inoculation alterant of the components into small particles with the particle size of 1-5mm, drying the small particles at 200 ℃, presetting the small particles at the bottom of a casting ladle, inoculating and modifying molten steel in the casting ladle, standing for 2-3min, and then pouring, wherein the pouring temperature is 1500 ℃; the heat treatment adopts three times of quenching and one time of tempering: quenching at 950-1000 ℃ for 30min, cooling with air, quenching at 900-950 ℃ for 30min, water cooling, quenching at 600-800 ℃ for 5min, water cooling, tempering at 200-300 ℃ for 2h, and air cooling.
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