CN105838987B - A kind of preparation method of bucket tooth high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of bucket tooth high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee Download PDFInfo
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- CN105838987B CN105838987B CN201610372085.5A CN201610372085A CN105838987B CN 105838987 B CN105838987 B CN 105838987B CN 201610372085 A CN201610372085 A CN 201610372085A CN 105838987 B CN105838987 B CN 105838987B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method of bucket tooth high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee, and composition and its mass fraction are：C:0.35‑0.45%、Si:1.20‑1.60%、Mn:1.00‑1.40%、Cr:0.70‑0.90%、Mo:0.15‑0.25%、Cu:0.40‑0.60%、Re:0.05‑0.10%、P：0‑0.025%、S：0 0.025%, preparation method includes：Melting：Acid induction furnace molten alloy is used, metal charge includes pig, steel scrap, molybdenum-iron and copper, is smelted into molten steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome and rare earth element are then put into casting ladle, melted molten steel is poured into casting ladle, pours into a mould；Cooling, knockout of unpacking, carries out air cooling；Heat treatment：Casting is subjected to austenitizing；Quenching；Carbon partition is carried out in salt bath furnace；Progress bainite isothermal transformation in holding furnace is put into, air cooling is finally taken out.The low-alloy wear-resistant steel that the mentioned component composition of the present invention and smelting and Technology for Heating Processing are prepared, its internal grain structure is careful, and case hardness is high, and wearability is good and with low cost, can be widely applied in bucket tooth manufacture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steelmaking technical field, particularly a kind of preparation side of bucket tooth high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee
Method.
Background technology
Excavator is widely used in mining machinery, civil engineering, in hydraulic engineering and municipal works, and bucket tooth is to excavate
Crucial easily worn part on machine, in recent years, with developing rapidly for mining machinery and hydraulic engineering, the usage amount of excavator also with
Day all increasings so that the consumption of bucket tooth increases rapidly.One large hydraulic engineering or a medium scale mine, typically simultaneously
Using more than ten excavators, the bucket tooth consumed every year is up to million tons, is worth more than million yuans.The master of bucket tooth
It is separation of material and protection forklift antetheca to want function, and its working condition is very severe.In contacting material, the quick motion of material
So that bucket tooth is by powerful percussion, bucket tooth tip is worn and torn by the powerful impact-sliding of material, generally occurred within various
Ditch dug with a plow, deformation etc., surface are easy to come off due to abrasion, so the life-span of bucket tooth is often very short, consumption is huge.It is same with this
When, because device damage shut down, stop production and caused by indirect economic loss be even more huge and can not count, it can be seen that,
Ensure to improve its impact flexibility on the premise of excavator bucket teeth hardness, to improving the life-span of bucket tooth, reducing cost and improving product
Quality has important economic implications.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of bucket tooth with high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee, it is desirable to its good toughness, firmly
Degree is higher, and excellent combination property, service life is long, and alloying element proportioning is relatively low, with higher cost performance.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of preparation method of bucket tooth high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee, including smelting technology and Technology for Heating Processing, its
In, the smelting technology comprises the following steps：
S11. pig, steel scrap, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, copper, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome and rare earth element are got out, is controlled
The composition and its mass fraction of steel be：C:0.35-0.45%、Si:1.20-1.60%、Mn:1.00-1.40%、Cr:0.70-
0.90%、Mo:0.15-0.25%、Cu:0.40-0.60%、Re:0.05-0.10%、P：0-0.025%、S：0-0.025%, remaining is
Fe and inevitable impurity；
S12. acid induction furnace molten alloy is used, metal charge includes pig, steel scrap, molybdenum-iron and copper, by metal
Furnace charge is smelted into molten steel, and smelting temperature is 1550-1590 DEG C；
S13. ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome and rare earth element are put into casting ladle, melted molten steel is then poured into casting ladle
In, pouring temperature is 1480-1500 DEG C.
S14. when casting is cooled to 900-1000 DEG C, knockout of unpacking carries out air cooling.
Further, the Technology for Heating Processing comprises the following steps：
S21. casting is warming up to 860-880 DEG C of progress austenitizing；
S22. it is put into 235-290 DEG C of salt bath furnace and quenches；
S23. taken out from salt bath furnace and be transferred to progress carbon partition in 320-400 DEG C of salt bath furnace immediately；
S24. progress bainite isothermal transformation in 290-350 DEG C of holding furnace is put into, fringe time 30-90min finally takes out
It is air-cooled to room temperature.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention can also do following improve and selection.
It is preferred that, in the step S21, carry out heating rate during austenitizing<10℃/min.
It is preferred that, in the step S22, quenched in salt bath furnace, soaking time is 1-5min.
It is preferred that, in the step S23, carbon partition is carried out in salt bath furnace, soaking time is 1-10min.
Chemical composition employed in fusion process of the present invention, carbon is influence cast steel intensity, hardness, toughness and quenched
The vital element of permeability, wearability, its martensite hardness after heat treatment formed is high, and quenching degree number, wearability is good,
The cementite Fe of acquisition3C is one of main hardening constituent of steel；Molybdenum element has stronger carbide Forming ability, makes relatively low contain
The steel alloy of carbon amounts also has higher hardness, and molybdenum can prevent the coarse grains of austenitizing, cause moving to right for C curve,
Degree of supercooling is reduced, quenching degree is greatly improved；Copper, in addition to it can improve the quenching degree of steel, can also improve steel
Corrosion resistance.
The present invention further adjusts the chemical composition of steel by casting ladle, and manganese element and ferro element can form solid solution, improves
The hardness and intensity of ferrite and austenite in steel, and it is carbide former again, because manganese reduces critical turn in steel
Temperature, plays a part of refining pearlite, in addition, manganese or good deoxidier and desulfurizing agent；Chromium is high-abrasive material
One of basic element, it is the quenching degree for improving steel that it, which is acted on, dramatically increases the erosion-resisting ability of steel, and the anti-tempering of increase steel is stable
Performance；And chromium and the continuous solid solution of iron formation, can be with carbon formation multiple compounds, it is possible to create (Fe, Cr)3 C, (Fe,
Cr) 7 C 3, (Fe, Cr)23 C 6 Etc. a variety of carbide, chromium solubility in austenite is very big, can strengthen austenite but not drop
Low toughness, chromium prevents or delayed the precipitation and aggregation of carbide in tempering, it is kept scattered, is conducive to improving intensity and hard
Degree, and performance is stable；Element silicon is present in ferrite or austenite in steel with the form of solid solution, can be suppressed and be delayed
The precipitation of carbide, contributes to the transformation of bainite structure；Rare earth element, which is added, has deoxidization desulfuration and getter action in steel, also
The forming core for having accelerated solidification is acted on, and helps crystal grain thinning, mitigates segregation, improves mechanical performance and wearability；Pass through
Casting ladle carries out further microalloy treatment to molten steel, effectively increases the wearability of cast steel.
P elements and element sulphur are the objectionable impurities in steel, and sulphur can be easily caused steel in high temperature in steel with iron chemical combination
It is lower that along grain boundary separation, phosphorus can significantly reduce the plasticity and toughness of steel in low temperature, thus to control strictly to control in steel P element and
S constituent contents.
In the Technology for Heating Processing of the present invention, after being quenched in salt bath furnace, the processing of carbon partition is added again, can improve carburizing
The tissue and performance of layer, enable oversaturated carbon in martensite to be diffused into austenite, to the rich carbon of austenite, the horse stablized
Family name's body and retained austenite tissue, improve the mechanical stability and impact resistance of austenite, so as to ensure that Steel material is maintained
Preferable case hardness.
The present invention carries out bainite isothermal transformation by holding furnace, and effective control is carried out to holding temperature and time, from
And isothermal transformation of the austenite to bainite is realized, it is more beneficial for the formation of bainite structure.The shellfish formed in this process
Family name's body even tissue is tiny, and case hardness is high, wearability is good, and internal structure can ensure that good toughness again, rushed
More impact energys can be absorbed when hitting, impact resistance is improved.
The low-alloy wear-resistant steel that the mentioned component composition of the present invention and smelting and Technology for Heating Processing are prepared, is high hard
Spend the Steel material of high tenacity, its internal grain structure is careful, case hardness is high, wearability is good, possesses good toughness, by
More energy can be absorbed during impact, impact resistance energy consumption can effectively extend its service life, and with low cost, can answer extensively
For in bucket tooth manufacture.
Embodiment
The principle and feature to the present invention are described with reference to embodiments, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
S1. smelt：
S11. pig, steel scrap, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, copper, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome and rare earth element are got out（Re,
One or more in whole rare earth elements）, wherein, steel scrap and ferroalloy（Ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron）Smash in advance, granularity is
10-20mm, the composition and its mass fraction for controlling low-alloy wear-resistant steel be：C:0.38%、Si:1.25%、Mn:1.10%、Cr:
0.77%、Mo:0.18%、Cu:0.50%、Re:0.08%、P:0-0.02%、S:0-0.01%, remaining is Fe and inevitably miscellaneous
Matter；
S12. using the acid electric induction furnace molten alloy of 1t, metal charge includes the pig iron, steel scrap, molybdenum-iron, copper, by metal furnaces
Material is smelted into molten steel, and molten steel is heated to 1550-1590 DEG C, takes off slag discharging；
S13. ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome and rare earth element are put into casting ladle, the molten steel bred is then poured into small pour
Bag, pouring temperature is 1480-1500 DEG C；
S14. when casting is cooled to 900-1000 DEG C, knockout of unpacking carries out air cooling.
S2. it is heat-treated：
S21. casting is warming up to 860-880 DEG C of progress austenitizing, heating rate<5℃/min；
S22. it is put into the salt bath furnace that temperature is 235-290 DEG C and quenches, and is incubated 1-5min；
S23. taken out from salt bath furnace and be transferred to progress carbon partition in 320-400 DEG C of salt bath furnace immediately, and be incubated 1-
10min；
S24. progress bainite isothermal transformation in 290-350 DEG C of holding furnace is put into, fringe time 30-90min finally takes out
Room temperature is air-cooled to, described bucket tooth high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee is obtained.
After the sampled processing of obtained excavator bucket teeth, with scanning electron microscope analysis, surface texture is 15%-25% geneva
Body adds lower bainite plus alloy carbide, and bainite structure is tiny, and nexine is organized as lower bainite, and core structure is upper bainite
Plus lower bainite.This Tissue distribution surface strength is high, hardness is good, wear-resisting, core structure good toughness, and retained austenite content is
8.1%.Its performance after tested, test result is：Case hardness 45-49HRC；Impact flexibility reaches 25-30J/cm2。
Embodiment 2
S1. smelt：
S11. pig, steel scrap, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, copper, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome and rare earth element are got out（Re,
One or more in whole rare earth elements）, wherein, steel scrap and ferroalloy（Ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron）Smash in advance, granularity is
10-20mm, the composition and its mass fraction for controlling low-alloy wear-resistant steel be：C:0.45%、Si:1.20%、Mn:1.30%、Cr:
0.70%、Mo:0.25%、Cu:0.40%、Re:0.09%、P:0-0.02%、S:0-0.01%, remaining is Fe and inevitably miscellaneous
Matter；
S12. using the acid electric induction furnace molten alloy of 1t, metal charge includes the pig iron, steel scrap, molybdenum-iron, copper, by metal furnaces
Material is smelted into molten steel, and molten steel is heated to 1550-1590 DEG C, takes off slag discharging；
S13. ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome and rare earth element are put into casting ladle, the molten steel bred is then poured into small pour
Bag, pouring temperature is 1480-1500 DEG C；
S14. when casting is cooled to 900-1000 DEG C, knockout of unpacking carries out air cooling.
S2. it is heat-treated：
S21. casting is warming up to 860-880 DEG C of progress austenitizing, heating rate<5℃/min；
S22. it is put into the salt bath furnace that temperature is 235-290 DEG C and quenches, and is incubated 1-5min；
S23. taken out from salt bath furnace and be transferred to progress carbon partition in 320-400 DEG C of salt bath furnace immediately, and be incubated 1-
10min；
S24. progress bainite isothermal transformation in 290-350 DEG C of holding furnace is put into, fringe time 30-90min finally takes out
Room temperature is air-cooled to, described bucket tooth high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee is obtained.
After the sampled processing of obtained excavator bucket teeth, with ESEM and XRD analysis, surface texture is 15%-25%
Martensite add lower bainite plus alloy carbide, bainite structure is tiny, and nexine is organized as lower bainite, and core structure is upper
Bainite adds lower bainite.This Tissue distribution surface strength is high, hardness is good, wear-resisting, core structure good toughness, retained austenite
Content is 8.1%.Its performance after tested, test result is：Case hardness 50-55HRC；Impact flexibility reaches 30-35J/cm2。
Claims (4)
1. a kind of bucket tooth preparation method of high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee, including smelting technology and Technology for Heating Processing, it is special
Levy and be：The smelting technology comprises the following steps：
S11. pig, steel scrap, ferrochrome, molybdenum-iron, copper, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome and rare earth element are got out, control steel
Composition and its mass fraction are：C:0.35-0.45%、Si:1.20-1.60%、Mn:1.00-1.40%、Cr:0.70-0.90%、Mo:
0.15-0.25%、Cu:0.40-0.60%、RE:0.05-0.10%、P：0-0.025%、S：0-0.025%, remaining is Fe and can not kept away
The impurity exempted from；
S12. acid induction furnace molten alloy is used, metal charge includes pig, steel scrap, molybdenum-iron and copper, by metal charge
Molten steel is smelted into, smelting temperature is 1550-1590 DEG C；
S13. ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome and rare earth element are put into casting ladle, then melted molten steel is poured into casting ladle, poured
It is 1480-1500 DEG C to note temperature;
S14. when casting is cooled to 900-1000 DEG C, knockout of unpacking carries out air cooling；
The Technology for Heating Processing comprises the following steps：
S21. casting is warming up to 860-880 DEG C of progress austenitizing；Carry out heating rate during austenitizing<10℃/min；
S22. it is put into 235-290 DEG C of salt bath furnace and quenches；
S23. taken out from salt bath furnace and be transferred to progress carbon partition in 320-400 DEG C of salt bath furnace immediately；
S24. progress bainite isothermal transformation in 290-350 DEG C of holding furnace is put into, fringe time 30-90min finally takes out air cooling
To room temperature.
2. the bucket tooth according to claim 1 preparation method of high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee, it is characterised in that：
In the step S22, quenched in salt bath furnace, soaking time is 1-5min.
3. the bucket tooth according to claim 1 preparation method of high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee, it is characterised in that：
In the step S23, carbon partition is carried out in salt bath furnace, soaking time is 1-10min.
4. the bucket tooth according to claim 1 preparation method of high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee, it is characterised in that：
In the step S12, slag discharging is taken off after the completion of melting.
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| CN110878401B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2021-06-22 | 山东建筑大学 | Preparation method of 1300 MPa-grade rare earth reverse transformation Q & P steel |
| CN110257728A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-20 | 宁国市正兴耐磨材料有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant grinder hammerhead and preparation method thereof |
| CN110846474A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-02-28 | 三一重机有限公司 | Heat treatment process method of excavator bucket teeth |
| CN113106323A (en) * | 2021-04-24 | 2021-07-13 | 江阴市富仁重工机械有限公司 | Regeneration process of steel wheel surface wear-resistant layer of vibratory roller |
| CN115725909B (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-10-24 | 郑州海特机械有限公司 | Manufacturing method of mine bucket tooth |
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| CN103243275B (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2015-06-03 | 北京交通大学 | Preparation method of bainite/martensite/austenite composite high-strength steel |
| CN104561793B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2017-01-11 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | An ultrahigh-strength hot-rolled-substrate galvanized sheet and a manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105568142B (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-07-28 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of high-obdurability low-alloy abrasion-resistant stee excavator bucket teeth and preparation method thereof |
| CN105568165B (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-05-17 | 桂林电子科技大学 | High-strength and high-tenacity low-alloy wear-resistant steel and preparing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160810 Assignee: Guilin Nunzhiyuan Air Conditioning Engineering Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUILIN University OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022450000327 Denomination of invention: A Preparation Method of High Strength and Toughness Low Alloy Wear Resistant Steel for Bucket Teeth Granted publication date: 20171020 License type: Common License Record date: 20221215 |
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Application publication date: 20160810 Assignee: Guilin Jialong Machinery Manufacturing Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUILIN University OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022450000354 Denomination of invention: A Preparation Method of High Strength and Toughness Low Alloy Wear Resistant Steel for Bucket Teeth Granted publication date: 20171020 License type: Common License Record date: 20221219 |
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Application publication date: 20160810 Assignee: Guilin Nunzhiyuan Air Conditioning Engineering Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUILIN University OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022450000482 Denomination of invention: A Preparation Method of High Strength and Toughness Low Alloy Wear Resistant Steel for Bucket Teeth Granted publication date: 20171020 License type: Common License Record date: 20221229 Application publication date: 20160810 Assignee: Guangxi Jiulong Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUILIN University OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022450000492 Denomination of invention: A Preparation Method of High Strength and Toughness Low Alloy Wear Resistant Steel for Bucket Teeth Granted publication date: 20171020 License type: Common License Record date: 20221229 |