CN102925819A - High-toughness wear-resistant multiphase steel pick and manufacturing process - Google Patents
High-toughness wear-resistant multiphase steel pick and manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-toughness wear-resistant multiphase steel pick and a manufacturing process; the steel pick comprises the following components by mass: 0.30-0.55% of C, 1.5-2.5% of Mn, 0.5-2.0% of Si, 1.0-2.0% of Cr, 0.1-0.25% of Ni, 0.05-0.15% of V, 0.05-0.1% of Ti, 0.05-0.1% of Al, 0.003-0.007% of B, 0.02-0.07% of RE, not more than 0.02% of S, not more than 0.04% of P, and the balance of Fe. Through reasonable design of the alloy elements and control of process parameters such as melting, quenching, and tempering temperatures, the pick material for manufacturing thick-wall parts with high hardenability is obtained. The prepared dredger reamer teeth and mining machinery electric shovel bucket teeth have excellent strength, toughness and wear resistance, and the service life is improved by more than 1.5 times when compared with those prepared by 42 CrMoA steel.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the wear-resistant low-alloy steel field, especially high-toughness wear-resistant Multiphase Steel pick and manufacturing process thereof, be applicable under the middle and high impact loading manufacturings such as the electric bucket tooth in reamer tooth, drag head, toothholder and the mining machinery of the snagboats such as strand suction, rake suction, edge plate, crusher toothed plate.
Background technology:
That existing hundreds of the large-scale dredgers of China are used for is coastal, the land reclamation in river, lake, adopt sand, desilt and dredge etc., and the dredger cutter tooth is subjected to complex environment (such as the complicated soil property of sea-water corrosion and rough sand, gravel, karang etc.) and bears periodic tensile stress, stress and impact loading.The mine bucket tooth is contained in excavation machinery and power shovel bucket front-end, is cantilevered beam members, directly contacts the effect of both having withstood shocks, again Bending effect with materials such as ore, sands.In the process, the main failure forms of dredger reamer tooth and mine bucket tooth is that cutter hub weares and teares, fractures and cutter tooth comes off under arms.Because the work-ing life of denticle material is short, the frequent of cutter tooth has reduced operating efficiency in the work, has also increased workman's labour intensity simultaneously, and the financial loss that causes is inestimable.Therefore developing low-cost, high-performance, long-life wear resisting steel denticle material have caused extensive concern, for safe, the stable and reliability service of equipping very important meaning are arranged also.
The wear-resisting denticle material that uses at present is mainly high mangaenese steel and various low alloy steel.Be austenite structure under the high mangaenese steel normal temperature, good toughness and in use work hardening effect are strong.Under intense impact load and high racking stress, the high mangaenese steel workpiece surface can be realized the α martensitic transformation and fully be strengthened, but high mangaenese steel initial hardness low (approximately 220HB) is also brought into play far away its performance potential during use, therefore wear resisting property is relatively poor.Low alloy steel can obtain high strength, high rigidity and cooperate with certain toughness after Overheating Treatment, has good wear resisting property, just progressively replaces traditional high mangaenese steel and becomes widely used a kind of high-abrasive material.Wherein Chinese invention patent CN101906588A, CN1477225A, CN1042950A etc. relate to medium high carbon manganese series air-cooled bainitic steels, take Mn, Cr, Si as main alloy element, through obtaining even complex phase bainite/martensite tissue under air cooling, the atomized water cool condition, have high strength and high rigidity tissue.Pick material commonly used is 35CrMnNi, 42CrMoA and 55SiMnMo etc. both at home and abroad, is prone to the shortcomings such as bending, brittle failure, quick abrasion in the use.The mad grade of Kang Mo has proposed carbon bainite steel in the Si-Mn-Mo system by years of researches, it is organized as the quasi-bainite steel of bainite ferrite and residual austenite composition, have good obdurability and wear resistance, but the content of noble element Mo has strengthened the cost of steel alloy usually more than 0.5% in this bainitic steel.
There are the following problems for traditional bainitic steel: take C, Si, Mn and Cr as principal element, generate the weave constructions such as bainite through air cooling, can't finely satisfy denticle in use to bear larger shock load and polishing machine requirement; Because the structural thickness of denticle is greater than more than the 60mm, core is difficult to through hardening, has a large amount of ferrite and pearlite tissues, has seriously reduced toughness and the wear resisting property of denticle material.
INVENTION IN GENERAL:
The present invention is directed to the problem that steel alloy exists in the pick Application Areas, appropriate design by the alloy element, to process parameter controls such as melting, quenching, tempering temperatures, obtain a kind of have a high-hardenability can make heavy section casting pick material, obtain the Multiphase Steel of a kind of obdurability and wear resisting property excellence.
Technical scheme: high-toughness wear-resistant Multiphase Steel pick and manufacturing process, its chemical composition and composition mass percent are: C 0.30～0.55 Mn 1.5～2.5 Si 0.5～2.0 Cr 1.0～2.0 Ni 0.1～0.25 V0.05～0.15 Ti, 0.05～0.1 Al, 0.05～0.1 B, 0.003～0.007 Re:0.02～0.07 S≤0.02P≤0.04, all the other are Fe.Above-mentioned RE is Ce and La, wherein Ce≤0.06 La≤0.04.
Make high-toughness wear-resistant Multiphase Steel of the present invention, its manufacturing process is as follows:
(1) melting: add the 20-40mm waste steel plate at the 500Kg medium-frequency induction furnace, to form as early as possible the molten bath; Large block plate adds all around along the furnace wall, and FeCr, NiFe, MnFe directly are added in the molten steel of fusing, adding FeSi after molten steel melts clearly; Stir molten steel, after composition adjustment in stokehold was qualified, temperature rose to 1600～1630 ℃; Adding silicocalcium, aluminium bar carry out deoxidation; FeV divided be broken into 10～20mm left and right sides fritter and add.
(2) cast: the molten steel tapping temperature is about 1530～1550 ℃; RESiFe, TiFe and BFe divided be broken into the fritter about 10mm and be baked to 300 ℃, insert the casting ladle bottom, with pouring method in wrapping molten steel is carried out Combined Processing.Molten steel stirs after having gone out stove immediately, scratches clean fast slag, then uses the perlite covering surfaces.After the molten steel calmness 2～3 minutes, to melt molten steel with 1480 ℃～1500 ℃ is poured under the state of vacuumizing in the EPS pick mould, and the space after being full of the pyrolysis of EPS mould and disappearing and obtain pick and water foundry goods, keeping the negative-pressure vacuum degree after the cast is 0.04MPa, and keeps 8～12min.
(3) thermal treatment: go out the pick blank with the evaporative pattern explained hereafter, after remove feeders and cleaning, in electric furnace, rise to 900～950 ℃ by not being higher than 80 ℃/h, insulation 4h, stove is chilled to room temperature; Rise to 850～900 ℃ by not being higher than 100 ℃/h, come out of the stove rear direct water spray or in 50～70 ℃ of water of insulation 2h, pick is quenched to below 200～250 ℃; In electric furnace, be warming up to 250～300 ℃ and carry out the low-temperaturetempering processing, insulation 4h, the air cooling of coming out of the stove.
In the Composition Design of high-toughness wear-resistant Multiphase Steel pick:
Si has strongly inhibited Carbide Precipitation characteristics in the bainite transformation process, and stable and refine austenite, increase the segregation of C, Mn, make the forming core of bainite and grow up all restricted, therefore Si can also keep high impelling strength and fracture toughness property except the yield strength, wear resistance and the hardening capacity that improve bainitic steel.The add-on of Si has reached 0.9～2.0% in the present invention.
Mn, Cr, Ni and B are strong increase hardening capacity element, can fully improve thick Multiphase Steel pick hardening capacity and toughness, and Cr, Mn, Ni have larger retardation function to bainite transformation simultaneously, reduce the bainite transformation temperature.Mn is maximum to hardness and the impelling strength influence degree of steel, but the solution strengthening effect of Mn own is little, its solution strengthening coefficient only is 24.5MPa, and Mn is by raising hardening capacity to the strengthening effect of steel, and shellfish/martensite content makes structure refinement with the transformation temperature that reduces steel in the steel alloy thereby improve.When the Mn too high levels, the tissue major part is lath martensite, causes toughness to worsen.The add-on of Mn is 1.5～2.5% in the present invention.Ni and C do not form carbide, are to form and the stable austenite tissue.Ni delays austenite decomposition to be changed, very large to improving the hardening capacity effect.Ni also improves its toughness improving hardness of steel simultaneously in addition.The add-on of Ni is 0.1～0.25% in the present invention.B is surface active element, mainly is present in the austenite grain boundary fault location, but refined grain structure.Trace B can greatly improve the hardening capacity of steel, and every 0.001%B is equivalent to 0.3%Mo.
Micro alloying element V, Ti, B are present on matrix and the crystal boundary with its carbon, nitride form, play the effect of precipitation strength and inhibiting grain growth.Add trace Ti and get final product Austenite Grain Growth in the establishment steel, especially the restraining effect to the high-temperature zone Austenite Grain Growth is more obvious.V, Ti, B form the second-phase hard point that disperse distributes in crystalline structure, reduce separating out of carbide, improve wear resisting property, yield strength and toughness under the intense impact operating mode.
Embodiment:
Design 3 kinds of typical alloy element components among the present invention, but can expand to disclosed in the present invention new combination, new feature and novel process.Composition, mechanical property and friction and wear behavior contrast with the wear resisting steel pick of manufacturing of the present invention see Table respectively 1～3.The enforcement cast steel of three kinds of typical proportions has after heat treatment possessed high strength, high rigidity and excellent toughness.With ZGMn13,35SiMn and three kinds of steel alloy contrasts of 42CrMoA, under the abrasive wear operating mode, wear resisting property has improved more than 1 times.Under the dry friction and wear operating mode, wear resisting property has improved more than 3 times.Cutter tooth uses proof through mining, snagboat etc., and the life-span has improved more than 1.5 times than 42CrMoA steel, the cutter tooth phenomenon that fractures do not occur.
Table 1 alloy element component
Table 2 mechanical property
The Rockwell hardness of this table data, ballistic work, tensile strength philosophy are undertaken by the test method of GB/T230.1-2004, GB/T229-2007, GB/T228-2002
Table 3 friction and wear behavior
This table the data M2000 friction wear testing machine is tested, and test conditions is: load 200N, and 200 rev/mins of revolutions, wearing test time 2h, abrasive material is selected new quartz sand, and particle diameter 200～300 orders, friction pair are 45 steel loops, diameter 40mm.
Claims (3)
1. high-toughness wear-resistant Multiphase Steel pick and manufacturing process, it is characterized in that except C, Si, Mn, Cr chemical composition, add simultaneously the microalloy elements such as Ni, V, B, rare earth, the mass percent of its adding is: C 0.30～0.55Mn 1.5～2.5 Si 0.5～2.0 Cr 1.0～2.0 Ni 0.1～0.25 V 0.05～0.15 Ti 0.05～0.1Al 0.05～0.1 B 0.003～0.007 RE:0.02～0.07 S≤0.02 P≤0.04, all the other are Fe.Described RE is Ce and La, wherein Ce≤0.06 La≤0.04
2. the moulding process according to right 1 described Multiphase Steel pick comprises following characteristics:
Substep adds the rapid meltings such as waste steel plate, FeCr, NiFe, MnFe, SiFe in medium-frequency induction furnace, and temperature rises to 1600～1630 ℃, add silicocalcium, aluminium bar deoxidation after, FeV divided be broken into 10～20mm left and right sides fritter and add.
RESiFe, TiFe and BFe divided be broken into the fritter about 10mm and be baked to 300 ℃, insert the casting ladle bottom, with pouring method in wrapping molten steel is carried out Combined Processing.
After the molten steel calmness 2～3 minutes, will melt molten steel with 1480 ℃～1500 ℃ and be poured under the state of vacuumizing in the EPS pick mould, and be full of the space after the pyrolysis of EPS mould disappears and obtain pick and water foundry goods, keeping the negative-pressure vacuum degree after the cast is 0.04MPa.
3. according to right 1 described Multiphase Steel pick heat treating method feature: rise to 900～950 ℃ anneal in electric furnace by not being higher than 80 ℃/h, be incubated 3-5 hour, stove is chilled to room temperature; Rise to 850～900 ℃ and carry out austenitizing by not being higher than 100 ℃/h again, be incubated 1-3 hour; Below air cooling to 200～250 ℃, in 250～300 ℃ of electric furnaces, carry out low-temperaturetempering and process, be incubated 3-5 hour, the air cooling of coming out of the stove.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103194673A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-07-10 | 长安大学 | Engineering machinery creeper tread and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103556081A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-05 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness wear-resisting steel for excavator bucket teeth and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103667942A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-03-26 | 安徽荣达阀门有限公司 | Wear-resistant medium-carbon steel material for pump shafts and preparation method thereof |
| CN103967500A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-08-06 | 铜川市宏泰华宇科技有限公司 | Hard alloy cutting teeth for excavating machines and cast-welding technology |
| CN104004963A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-08-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Dredger reamer tooth and preparation method thereof |
| CN104073611A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-01 | 广东省工业技术研究院(广州有色金属研究院) | Method for preparing form relieved teeth |
| CN104878308A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-02 | 天津威尔朗科技有限公司 | Novel high-strength and high-hardness wear resistant cutter tooth and making technology thereof |
| CN104988376A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-21 | 安庆市灵宝机械有限责任公司 | Heading machine cutting tooth production technology |
| CN105200301A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2015-12-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Preparation method of high-strength iron-base alloy and high-strength iron-base alloy cutting pick |
| CN108085613A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-29 | 湖州南浔昊骏金属制品厂 | A kind of hard alloy pick |
| CN114875325A (en) * | 2022-05-21 | 2022-08-09 | 湖南华菱湘潭钢铁有限公司 | Steel for cutting teeth of coal mining machine and production method thereof |
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| CN1477225A (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2004-02-25 | 清华大学 | Medium carbon and medium-high carbon manganese system self-hardening bainite steel |
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| CN101994512A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-03-30 | 宁波市胜源技术转移有限公司 | Technology for manufacturing cutting tooth for mining coal and minerals |
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| CN1477225A (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2004-02-25 | 清华大学 | Medium carbon and medium-high carbon manganese system self-hardening bainite steel |
| CN1718829A (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2006-01-11 | 宁波浙东精密铸造有限公司 | Martensite wear resistant cast steel with film austenic toughened and its manufacturing method |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103194673A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-07-10 | 长安大学 | Engineering machinery creeper tread and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103194673B (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2015-04-22 | 长安大学 | Engineering machinery creeper tread and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103556081A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-05 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness wear-resisting steel for excavator bucket teeth and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103556081B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-12-30 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting excavator bucket teeth steel of high-strength and high ductility and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103667942A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-03-26 | 安徽荣达阀门有限公司 | Wear-resistant medium-carbon steel material for pump shafts and preparation method thereof |
| CN103667942B (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2016-01-13 | 安徽荣达阀门有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting pump shaft mild steel material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104878308A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-02 | 天津威尔朗科技有限公司 | Novel high-strength and high-hardness wear resistant cutter tooth and making technology thereof |
| CN103967500A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-08-06 | 铜川市宏泰华宇科技有限公司 | Hard alloy cutting teeth for excavating machines and cast-welding technology |
| CN104004963B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of dredging snagboat reamer tooth and preparation method thereof |
| CN104004963A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-08-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Dredger reamer tooth and preparation method thereof |
| CN104073611A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-01 | 广东省工业技术研究院(广州有色金属研究院) | Method for preparing form relieved teeth |
| CN104988376A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-21 | 安庆市灵宝机械有限责任公司 | Heading machine cutting tooth production technology |
| CN105200301A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2015-12-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Preparation method of high-strength iron-base alloy and high-strength iron-base alloy cutting pick |
| CN108085613A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-29 | 湖州南浔昊骏金属制品厂 | A kind of hard alloy pick |
| CN114875325A (en) * | 2022-05-21 | 2022-08-09 | 湖南华菱湘潭钢铁有限公司 | Steel for cutting teeth of coal mining machine and production method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |