A kind of manufacturing process of the pick for mining of mining
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process of the mining apparatus of mining, relate in particular to a kind of manufacturing process of the pick for mining of mining.
Background technology
Pick is the strength member on the coal-winning machine, also is to consume maximum, the part of easy damage on the coal-winning machine.At present, traditional pick of the various models that domestic coal-winning machine uses generally all adopts alloy steel tungsten carbide button, its cost of production height.The conventional coal mining mining pick carbide alloy crown that refers to burn-on in tooth head position, pick steel body tooth body is made by special steel (as 30CrMnTi, 30CrMnSi etc.).Because the material hardness of pick steel body tooth body is significantly less than the hard-metal insert head, be easy to wearing and tearing, so often occur that the hard-metal insert head process goes out, comes off, sealing-off and in working angles with phenomenons such as steel body tooth body fractures, cause pick lower application life; Another kind is to adopt the castingin pick, is to adopt to put carbide alloy in the casting mold die cavity, pours into a mould the one-shot forming of iron liquid then, but the castingin pick occurs shrinkage porosite easily, defective such as is mingled with in casting process, has a strong impact on application life.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of easy to process, produced pick has high impact resistance and abrasion resistance, the manufacturing process of the coal mining pick for mining of long service life.
The technical solution used in the present invention:
Described pick comprises tooth body and crown, its manufacturing process comprises the steps: the preproduction of (1) tooth body, a) at first chooses the blank that the column type carbon tool steel carries out the tapered tooth body of precision forging, wherein, initial forging temperature is 1050-1150 ℃, and final forging temperature is 750-800 ℃; B) carrying out spheroidizing handles, above-mentioned tooth body blank is put into stove be heated to 800-850 ℃ and the insulating box of this temperature insulation 2-3 hour, and then under 650-700 ℃, be incubated 1-2 hour, and then be incubated 1-2 hour down at 400-450 ℃, naturally cool to normal temperature afterwards; C) the tooth body blank after the above-mentioned processing is carried out machining, obtain conical tooth body body, the crown hole is bored in the end on one's body tooth then, and grinding process is carried out in the crown hole, and making gas fineness is more than 0.8; D) the tooth body is carried out Carburization Treatment; (2) preproduction of crown, a) 5 parts of 2 parts of 4 parts of 5 parts of 5 parts of 8 parts of 5 parts of 2 parts of 15 parts of 45 parts of bortz powders, iron powders, cobalt powders, nickel powders, tungsten carbide powders, copper powders, silicon parts, manganese powders, vanadium powders, boron carbides and the metal dust of choosing by weight of 4 parts of titanium carbides put into the ball mill mixing machine and fully mixed, then through preserving after the drying box drying; B) 2%-5% according to the weight of above-mentioned compound takes by weighing sliding agent, and sliding agent is selected ethanol, glycerine or their mixture for use, sliding agent is added in the above-mentioned dried metal dust further stir, and above-mentioned metal dust can be mixed; C) above-mentioned well-mixed metal dust is sent into the forcing press Thermocompressed sintering and forming, wherein pressure is 3-7MPa, and sintering temperature is 800-1200 ℃, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 10-20 minute; D) reconditioning and putting the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors after the crown sintering is finished, need be carried out reconditioning to it and put the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors, and makes the size of crown, the instructions for use that external diameter reaches regulation; E) crown being carried out carbo-nitriding handles; (3) assembling of crown and tooth body, a) tooth body and crown being put into concentration is that the watery hydrochloric acid of 0.05-0.1mol/L soaks, soak time is 20-30 minute, and clean with alcohol wash, removes the oil rust dirt on tooth body and crown surface; B) crown is pressed in the crown hole of tooth body end with forcing press, and carries out soldering two are fixed together; (4) cladding wearing layer is carried out on the tooth body surface of the pick that assembles, the thickness of wearing layer is 2-3mm, adopt compression arc plasma cladding lathe that pick is clamped on the whirligig, cladding is that pick rotates under level, the compression beam-plasma is to tooth body surface melting, inject the mixed-powder of forming by carbon, silicon, nickel, chromium, manganese, titanium, vanadium, boron, tungsten in the molten bath of dissolving in moment, merge with the tooth body behind the powder smelting and solidify the formation wearing layer; (5) product with above-mentioned steps (4) carries out the salt bath processing, in salt bath furnace, add mass percent and be in the mixture of salt bath deoxidier of 65% barium monoxide, 30% sodium chloride and 5%, temperature in the salt bath furnace is elevated to 850-900 ℃, then the product in the step (4) is put into salt bath furnace, take out rapidly when treating that the pick temperature rises to furnace temperature and put into cold water and quench and pull out, put into machine oil then and cool off; (6) product after quenching is carried out lonneal and handle, the product by heating after will quenching earlier is placed on and naturally cools to normal temperature in the vacuum to 150-200 ℃; (7) product after the tempering is carried out post-processed, it is carried out polishing grinding, just can obtain the pick finished product with polishing machine.
Go up and between above-mentioned steps (5) and step (6), also have annealing steps, cooling naturally again after the back pick that will quench is heated to 500-600 ℃.
The technique effect that the present invention obtains:
1, the distortion and the heat affecting of pick were minimum after pick of the present invention was handled through treatment process of the present invention, improve 5-6 application life doubly, in addition, the wearing layer on tooth body surface is compared with traditional pick, its Vickers hardness improves greatly, according to detection, hardness can reach more than 1800, is far longer than the Vickers hardness of traditional pick, because hardness is higher, the application life of also having improved pick greatly;
2, by the setting of annealing steps, can further improve the performance of pick, further prolong its application life.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the present invention are described further.
A kind of manufacturing process of the pick for mining of mining, described pick comprises tooth body and crown, its manufacturing process comprises the steps: the preproduction of (1) tooth body, a) at first choose the blank that the column type carbon tool steel carries out the tapered tooth body of precision forging, wherein, initial forging temperature is 1050-1150 ℃, and final forging temperature is 750-800 ℃; B) carrying out spheroidizing handles, above-mentioned tooth body blank is put into stove be heated to 800-850 ℃ and the insulating box of this temperature insulation 2-3 hour, and then under 650-700 ℃, be incubated 1-2 hour, and then be incubated 1-2 hour down at 400-450 ℃, naturally cool to normal temperature afterwards; C) the tooth body blank after the above-mentioned processing is carried out machining, obtain conical tooth body body, the crown hole is bored in the end on one's body tooth then, and grinding process is carried out in the crown hole, and making gas fineness is more than 0.8; D) the tooth body is carried out Carburization Treatment; (2) preproduction of crown, a) 5 parts of 2 parts of 4 parts of 5 parts of 5 parts of 8 parts of 5 parts of 2 parts of 15 parts of 45 parts of bortz powders, iron powders, cobalt powders, nickel powders, tungsten carbide powders, copper powders, silicon parts, manganese powders, vanadium powders, boron carbides and the metal dust of choosing by weight of 4 parts of titanium carbides put into the ball mill mixing machine and fully mixed, then through preserving after the drying box drying; B) 2%-5% according to the weight of above-mentioned compound takes by weighing sliding agent, and sliding agent is selected ethanol, glycerine or their mixture for use, sliding agent is added in the above-mentioned dried metal dust further stir, and above-mentioned metal dust can be mixed; C) above-mentioned well-mixed metal dust is sent into the forcing press Thermocompressed sintering and forming, wherein pressure is 3-7MPa, and sintering temperature is 800-1200 ℃, and the heat-insulation pressure keeping time is 10-20 minute; D) reconditioning and putting the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors after the crown sintering is finished, need be carried out reconditioning to it and put the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors, and makes the size of crown, the instructions for use that external diameter reaches regulation; E) crown being carried out carbo-nitriding handles; (3) assembling of crown and tooth body, a) tooth body and crown being put into concentration is that the watery hydrochloric acid of 0.05-0.1mol/L soaks, soak time is 20-30 minute, and clean with alcohol wash, removes the oil rust dirt on tooth body and crown surface; B) crown is pressed in the crown hole of tooth body end with forcing press, and carries out soldering two are fixed together; (4) cladding wearing layer is carried out on the tooth body surface of the pick that assembles, the thickness of wearing layer is 2-3mm, adopt compression arc plasma cladding lathe that pick is clamped on the whirligig, cladding is that pick rotates under level, the compression beam-plasma is to tooth body surface melting, inject the mixed-powder of forming by carbon, silicon, nickel, chromium, manganese, titanium, vanadium, boron, tungsten in the molten bath of dissolving in moment, merge with the tooth body behind the powder smelting and solidify the formation wearing layer; (5) product with above-mentioned steps (4) carries out the salt bath processing, in salt bath furnace, add mass percent and be in the mixture of salt bath deoxidier of 65% barium monoxide, 30% sodium chloride and 5%, temperature in the salt bath furnace is elevated to 850-900 ℃, then the product in the step (4) is put into salt bath furnace, take out rapidly when treating that the pick temperature rises to furnace temperature and put into cold water and quench and pull out, put into machine oil then and cool off; (6) product after quenching is carried out lonneal and handle, the product by heating after will quenching earlier is placed on and naturally cools to normal temperature in the vacuum to 150-200 ℃; (7) product after the tempering is carried out post-processed, it is carried out polishing grinding, just can obtain the pick finished product with polishing machine.。
Between above-mentioned steps (5) and step (6), also has annealing steps, cooling naturally again after the back pick that will quench is heated to 500-600 ℃.
Protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and distortion and do not depart from the scope of the present invention and spirit the present invention.If these changes and distortion belong in the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the intent of the present invention also comprises these changes and is out of shape interior.