CN110684887A - Pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as pick body material - Google Patents
Pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as pick body material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110684887A CN110684887A CN201910857831.3A CN201910857831A CN110684887A CN 110684887 A CN110684887 A CN 110684887A CN 201910857831 A CN201910857831 A CN 201910857831A CN 110684887 A CN110684887 A CN 110684887A
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- Prior art keywords
- pick
- plasma arc
- cutting
- tooth
- 55simnmo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) selecting 55SiMnMo as a tooth body material; (2) carrying out hot forging processing forming, normalizing treatment and machining on the tooth body blank to obtain a tooth body; (3) welding the pick body and the hard alloy head to obtain a cutting pick; (4) and carrying out plasma arc surface quenching treatment on the local or whole surface of the cutting pick body to form a surface hardening layer. The method directly normalizes the tooth body by using the high temperature after the hot forging processing, and the hardness reaches 35-38 HRC; carrying out plasma arc surface quenching treatment on the local or whole surface of the tooth body, wherein the surface hardness reaches 62-65 HRC; the hardened layer has high hardness, smooth surface and compressive stress state, has good fatigue resistance and wear resistance, has good protection effect on the pick head of the pick, and can effectively prolong the service life of the pick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of production and processing of cutting teeth for mining machinery, in particular to a cutting tooth heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a tooth body material.
Background
The cutting pick for the mining machine is a key part on the mining machine and is also a part which has large consumption and is easy to damage. A cutting pick typically comprises two parts, a pick body and a cemented carbide head which is brazed to an end of the pick body. In the pick use, the environment of its operation is very abominable, the pick will bear high compressive stress, the shearing force, impact load, carry out violent friction etc. with the mineral deposit, make the pick tooth head be worn and torn very easily, especially pick tooth body top wearing and tearing are serious, lead to pick tooth body head diameter to reduce fast to losing protection and the supporting role to the stereoplasm alloy head root, the stereoplasm alloy head is outstanding and drops, make the stereoplasm alloy head not become invalid in advance by the pick under the condition of complete wear, abnormal scrapping, make the pick life-span shorten by a wide margin, increase the exploitation cost, influence production efficiency, consequently, the fatigue resistance that improves the pick tooth body, the wearability is to the rate of operation that improves mining machinery, increase the comprehensive economic benefits of production, positive meaning has.
In order to improve the wear resistance of the cutting pick body, the conventional cutting pick body is usually made of medium-low carbon alloy steel materials, and the wear resistance is improved by carrying out conventional heat treatment on the cutting pick body or surfacing a layer of wear-resistant welding rod on the surface of the cutting pick body, so that the effect is not obvious. Other surface treatment processes such as surface spraying, surface alloying, melting and the like also have defects of different degrees, such as plasma spraying or supersonic spraying, and have the disadvantages of complex process method, low production efficiency, high cost, low bonding strength of a spraying layer and a matrix, easy falling, easy increase of the brittleness and reduction of the toughness of a pick body, and reduction of comprehensive mechanical properties.
55SiMnMo is widely applied to industries such as mining, tunneling and the like as a drill tool steel. The hardness of the quenched steel can reach over 62HRC, and the quenched steel has good wear resistance. However, when the hardness is more than 40HRC, the brittleness is greatly increased by increasing the hardness, and thus, when the hardness is high, 55SiMnMo is easily broken when it is subjected to external impact. When the hardness is 38HRC or less, the toughness is good, but the wear resistance is poor because the hardness is not high. The 55SiMnMo processed by the traditional heat treatment process cannot give consideration to toughness and wear resistance, so that the material cannot be used as a pick body material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material, wherein a blank is subjected to hot forging processing and then subjected to normalizing treatment, and the overall hardness of the processed pick body is 35-38 HRC; performing plasma arc surface quenching treatment on a local or whole area of the surface of the tooth body, particularly the surface of the top of the tooth body, namely the peripheral outer surface of the top of the tooth body for protecting the hard alloy tooth head part, wherein the hardness reaches 62-65 HRC; the hardened layer on the top surface of the pick body has high hardness, smooth surface and compressive stress state, has good fatigue resistance and wear resistance, has good protection effect on the pick head of the pick, and can effectively prolong the service life of the pick.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting 55SiMnMo as a tooth body material;
(2) firstly, carrying out hot forging processing on a tooth body blank to obtain a tooth body blank, then carrying out normalizing treatment, and then processing the tooth body blank to a specified size by adopting a machining method to obtain a tooth body;
(3) machining an embedding hole in the top end of the processed pick body, and welding a hard alloy head in the embedding hole in the top end of the pick body in a brazing mode to obtain the pick;
(4) the plasma arc surface quenching treatment is carried out on the local or whole surface of the cutting pick body, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(41) enabling the cutting tooth and the plasma arc generator to generate relative motion of a preset track;
(42) in the process of relative movement between the cutting tooth and the plasma arc generator, determining proper plasma arc surface quenching process parameters to enable the plasma arc generated by the plasma arc generator to act on the surface of the cutting tooth body to be quenched, rapidly heating the surface, converting the surface metallographic structure into an austenite structure, not melting the surface in the whole heating process, and forming a martensite structure, namely a hardened layer after the surface is rapidly cooled by the plasma arc generator so as to realize hardening of the surface; finally, hardening of part or all of the surface of the pick body is achieved by relative movement between the plasma arc generator and the pick.
The cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material is characterized in that: and normalizing, wherein the overall hardness of the processed tooth body is 35-38 HRC.
The cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material is characterized in that: the plasma arc surface quenching treatment process parameters comprise that the working current of the plasma arc generator is 60A-140A, and the linear velocity of the relative motion between the plasma arc generator and the cutting tooth is 0.5 m/min-5 m/min.
The cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material is characterized in that: the hardness of the hardening layer is 62-65 HRC, and the hardening depth is 0.4-3 mm.
The cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material is characterized in that: the plasma arc generated by the plasma arc generator acts on any point of the surface of the cutting pick body needing to be quenched, the rapid heating is carried out, and the heating time is not more than 6 seconds.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can utilize the high temperature after the hot forging processing to directly air-cool the pick body (55SiMnMo), and then carry out the normalizing treatment, thereby saving the energy and the cost, and leading the integral structure of the pick to have good obdurability and cyclic fatigue resistance.
2. The invention carries out plasma arc surface quenching treatment on the local or whole area of the surface of the tooth body, in particular to the surface of the top of the tooth body, namely the peripheral outer surface of the top of the tooth body for protecting the hard alloy tooth head part, wherein the hardness of a hardened layer is 62-65 HRC, the depth of the hardened layer is 0.4-3 mm, and a compact high-hardness wear-resistant hardened layer is directly formed on the quenched surface of the cutting tooth body; the hardness of the hardened layer maintains the high hardness value of the surface within the depth range of the hardened layer, and no hardness gradient exists.
3. After plasma arc surface quenching treatment, the surface of the top of the tooth body is smooth and clean, the friction coefficient is low, and the tooth body is in a pressure stress state, so that the fatigue resistance of the tooth body is improved.
4. Compared with other surface quenching treatment processes, the invention has the characteristics of energy saving, simple process and convenient operation; and the process adopts a plasma arc heat source, so that the equipment is compact, the maintenance is convenient, and the popularization and the application of the technology are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cutting pick according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a hardness distribution chart in the example.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a cutting pick heat treatment process using 55SiMnMo as a pick body material specifically comprises the following steps:
a cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting 55SiMnMo as a tooth body material;
(2) firstly, carrying out hot forging processing on a tooth body blank to obtain a tooth body blank, then carrying out normalizing treatment, and then processing the tooth body blank to a specified size by adopting a machining method to obtain a tooth body;
(3) machining an embedding hole in the top end of the processed pick body, and welding a hard alloy head in the embedding hole in the top end of the pick body in a brazing mode to obtain the pick;
(4) the plasma arc surface quenching treatment is carried out on the local or whole surface of the cutting pick body, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(41) enabling the cutting tooth and the plasma arc generator to generate relative motion of a preset track;
(42) in the process of relative movement between the cutting tooth and the plasma arc generator, determining proper plasma arc surface quenching process parameters to enable the plasma arc generated by the plasma arc generator to act on the surface of the cutting tooth body to be quenched, rapidly heating the surface, converting the surface metallographic structure into an austenite structure, not melting the surface in the whole heating process, and forming a martensite structure, namely a hardened layer after the surface is rapidly cooled by the plasma arc generator so as to realize hardening of the surface; finally, hardening of part or all of the surface of the pick body is achieved by relative movement between the plasma arc generator and the pick.
In the invention, the normalizing treatment is carried out, and the overall hardness of the tooth body after the normalizing treatment is 35-38 HRC.
The plasma arc surface quenching treatment process parameters comprise that the working current of a plasma arc generator is 60A-140A, and the linear velocity of the relative motion between the plasma arc generator and a cutting tooth is 0.5 m/min-5 m/min.
The hardness of the hardened layer is 62-65 HRC, and the hardening depth is 0.4-3 mm.
The plasma arc generated by the plasma arc generator acts on any point of the surface of the cutting pick body needing to be quenched, the rapid heating is carried out, and the heating time is not more than 6 seconds.
As shown in fig. 2, the principle of the present invention is: 1 is a hard alloy tooth head, and 2 is a 55SiMnMo cutting pick body. Firstly, a 55SiMnMo cutting pick body 2 is processed, a 55SiMnMo cutting pick body blank is firstly formed through hot forging processing to obtain a tooth body blank, then normalizing treatment is carried out, then the tooth body blank is processed to a specified size through a machining method to obtain a tooth body 2, and the overall hardness of the tooth body 2 after treatment is 35-38 HRC. Machining a hard alloy tooth head embedding hole in the top end of the tooth body 2, and welding the hard alloy head 1 in the embedding hole in the top end of the tooth body 2 in a brazing mode. After the welding is firm, the plasma arc surface quenching treatment is carried out on the partial or whole area of the surface of the tooth body 2, particularly the partial or whole surface of the top part, namely an area A in the graph 2 (namely the top part of the tooth body 2 is used for protecting the peripheral side outer surface of the hard alloy tooth head 1 part, the same is carried out below), so that the hardness of the area A reaches 62-65 HRC, and the hardening depth is 0.4-3 mm.
After the 55SiMnMo tooth blank is subjected to hot forging and forming to obtain a tooth blank, directly carrying out air cooling normalizing treatment to obtain a metallographic structure consisting of upper bainite with a special form and a certain amount of blocky structures, so that the 55SiMnMo tooth has good toughness and cyclic fatigue resistance. Plasma arc is the high energy density heat source, when plasma arc acted on the cutting pick flank surface, makes the local rapid heating in cutting pick flank surface, and the temperature sharply rises to above the material phase transition temperature, and the quick heat conduction heat dissipation through the cutting pick base member afterwards for by heating part rapid cooling, the region above the phase transition temperature forms the tiny martensite tissue of crystalline grain, and then forms the high rigidity sclerosis layer of certain degree of depth. Due to the action mechanism of rapid heating and rapid cooling, compared with conventional heat treatment, the pick body subjected to plasma arc surface quenching treatment has the advantages that the hardness of the obtained hardened layer is higher, the deformation is small, and the surface is in a compressive stress state; the highest temperature of the surface is below the melting temperature during treatment, the surface is smooth and clean after treatment, the friction coefficient is small, and therefore the cutting pick surface subjected to plasma arc surface quenching treatment has good wear resistance and fatigue resistance, stable operation and long service life. The 55SiMnMo cutting tooth is comprehensively applied to direct normalizing heat treatment and plasma arc surface quenching treatment processes after hot forging processing forming, so that the comprehensive performance of the 55SiMnMo cutting tooth can be greatly improved, and the service life of the cutting tooth is further greatly prolonged.
Examples of applications are as follows:
cutting pick body material: 55 SiMnMo. After hot forging machining and forming, directly performing air cooling normalizing treatment, wherein the overall hardness of the tooth body after treatment is 37-38 HRC; plasma arc quenching treatment parameters: the working current is 130A, and the linear speed of the relative motion between the plasma arc generator and the cutting pick is 0.8 m/min.
After treatment, a narrow strip is cut along the axial direction of the cutting pick by adopting a linear cutting method, a sample is manufactured, the hardness is detected by adopting a 200HV-5 type small-load Vickers hardness tester, the detection sequence is from the surface of the sample, the hardness is measured every 0.2mm, the measurement result is shown in the table I, and the hardness distribution graph is shown in the figure 3. The hardness of the hardened layer is 760-790 HV1, and the hardness of the hardened layer is 62.6-63.8 HRC and the depth of the hardened layer exceeds 2.0mm according to the conversion of GB/T1172-1999 standard.
The above examples are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should make variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting 55SiMnMo as a tooth body material;
(2) firstly, carrying out hot forging processing on a tooth body blank to obtain a tooth body blank, then carrying out normalizing treatment, and then processing the tooth body blank to a specified size by adopting a machining method to obtain a tooth body;
(3) machining an embedding hole in the top end of the processed pick body, and welding a hard alloy head in the embedding hole in the top end of the pick body in a brazing mode to obtain the pick;
(4) the plasma arc surface quenching treatment is carried out on the local or whole surface of the cutting pick body, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(41) enabling the cutting tooth and the plasma arc generator to generate relative motion of a preset track;
(42) in the process of relative movement between the cutting tooth and the plasma arc generator, determining proper plasma arc surface quenching process parameters to enable the plasma arc generated by the plasma arc generator to act on the surface of the cutting tooth body to be quenched, rapidly heating the surface, converting the surface metallographic structure into an austenite structure, not melting the surface in the whole heating process, and forming a martensite structure, namely a hardened layer after the surface is rapidly cooled by the plasma arc generator so as to realize hardening of the surface; finally, hardening of part or all of the surface of the pick body is achieved by relative movement between the plasma arc generator and the pick.
2. A cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material according to claim 1, characterized in that: and normalizing, wherein the overall hardness of the processed tooth body is 35-38 HRC.
3. A cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plasma arc surface quenching treatment process parameters comprise that the working current of the plasma arc generator is 60A-140A, and the linear velocity of the relative motion between the plasma arc generator and the cutting tooth is 0.5 m/min-5 m/min.
4. A cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hardness of the hardening layer is 62-65 HRC, and the hardening depth is 0.4-3 mm.
5. A cutting pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as a pick body material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plasma arc generated by the plasma arc generator acts on any point of the surface of the cutting pick body needing to be quenched, the rapid heating is carried out, and the heating time is not more than 6 seconds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910857831.3A CN110684887A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as pick body material |
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| CN201910857831.3A CN110684887A (en) | 2019-09-09 | 2019-09-09 | Pick heat treatment process adopting 55SiMnMo as pick body material |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113462859A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-01 | 重庆欣天利智能重工有限公司 | Heat treatment process for nitrate of drill rod |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101994512A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-03-30 | 宁波市胜源技术转移有限公司 | Technology for manufacturing cutting tooth for mining coal and minerals |
| CN102069355A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-05-25 | 北京工业大学 | Production method for pick-like bit |
| CN103343186A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-10-09 | 蚌埠金石等离子热处理科技有限公司 | Controllable metal surface heat treatment technology by using plasma arc |
| CN103659168A (en) * | 2012-09-23 | 2014-03-26 | 佳木斯大学 | Production technology process of cutting tooth |
| CN105312845A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-02-10 | 陕西奥邦锻造有限公司 | Technological method integrating brazing and heat treatment of pick-cutting hard alloy |
| CN105543770A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-04 | 湖北鄂瑞孚截齿钻具科技有限公司 | Surface treatment technique for cutting pick |
-
2019
- 2019-09-09 CN CN201910857831.3A patent/CN110684887A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101994512A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-03-30 | 宁波市胜源技术转移有限公司 | Technology for manufacturing cutting tooth for mining coal and minerals |
| CN102069355A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-05-25 | 北京工业大学 | Production method for pick-like bit |
| CN103659168A (en) * | 2012-09-23 | 2014-03-26 | 佳木斯大学 | Production technology process of cutting tooth |
| CN103343186A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-10-09 | 蚌埠金石等离子热处理科技有限公司 | Controllable metal surface heat treatment technology by using plasma arc |
| CN105312845A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-02-10 | 陕西奥邦锻造有限公司 | Technological method integrating brazing and heat treatment of pick-cutting hard alloy |
| CN105543770A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-04 | 湖北鄂瑞孚截齿钻具科技有限公司 | Surface treatment technique for cutting pick |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113462859A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-01 | 重庆欣天利智能重工有限公司 | Heat treatment process for nitrate of drill rod |
| CN113462859B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-06-17 | 重庆欣天利智能重工有限公司 | Heat treatment process for nitrate of drill rod |
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Application publication date: 20200114 |