CN105670675A - Thermal pyrolysis treatment method for organic wastes - Google Patents
Thermal pyrolysis treatment method for organic wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105670675A CN105670675A CN201410675904.4A CN201410675904A CN105670675A CN 105670675 A CN105670675 A CN 105670675A CN 201410675904 A CN201410675904 A CN 201410675904A CN 105670675 A CN105670675 A CN 105670675A
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- pyrolytic reaction
- pyrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a thermal pyrolysis treatment method for organic wastes, which includes the following steps: (1) crushing high-molecular solid organic wastes; (2) melting the crushed high-molecular solid organic wastes at certain temperature to obtain a liquid to-be-pyrolyzed material; and (3) feeding the liquid to-be-pyrolyzed material to a pyrolytic reaction chamber and moving the material from a feeding end of the pyrolytic reaction chamber to a discharge end of the pyrolytic reaction chamber, so that the material is continuously subjected to a pyrolysis reaction during the moving process for converting the liquid to-be-pyrolyzed material into a gas-phase product and a solid-phase product through the pyrolysis reaction, wherein the pyrolysis reaction is 370-410 DEG C in temperature range and is carried out without a catalyst. The pyrolysis reaction effectively improves device safety performance and service life and reduces production cost on the basis of ensuring pyrolysis reaction efficiency and process yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of macromolecule organic solid castoff process field, particularly relate to a kind of macromolecule organic solid castoff without catalysis low temperature pyrogenation processing method.
Background technology
At present, along with the continuous consumption of limited resources on the earth, environmental protection and energy saving problem is increasingly becoming the emphasis that people study. The fast development of modern industry causes the output of a large amount of organic waste material; the organic waste such as including waste tire, waste rubber, waste plastic; arbitrarily abandon or unreasonable process certainly will destroy natural ecological environment; for this; how above-mentioned organic waste material is carried out the process of environmental protection, resource reutilization, becomes the research topic attracted attention in the world.
In prior art, the macromolecule organic solid castoff processing mode most useful for environmental protection generally acknowledged in the industry is: by organic materials is carried out high temperature pyrolysis reaction, can obtain being similar to the products such as hydrocarbon ils, white carbon black, a small amount of metal, thus the secondary realizing the energy utilizes. Wherein, the commonly used high-temperature catalytic pyrolysis way of existing pyrolytic reaction, owing to temperature and the pressure reached required for pyrolytic reaction is often higher, therefore the sealing property and heat utilization efficiency etc. for pyrolytic reaction equipment all has higher requirement, there is hidden danger in safety, and production cost is higher; Additionally, due to existing common processes must adopt catalyst, because catalyst very easily loses activity, cause pyrolysis operating mode to be difficult to accurate control, and then pyrolytic reaction product qualities is difficult to be guaranteed, and catalyst converter is expensive, increases unnecessary production cost.
In consideration of it, be highly desirable to provide a kind of organic materials without catalysis, low temperature pyrogenation processing method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one and abandon waste organic matter method of thermal cracking, rely on catalyst and the too high problem of pyrolysis reaction temperature to solve prior art processes organic waste material.
For solving the problems referred to above, the technical scheme of the specific embodiment of the invention is as follows: 1, one abandons waste organic matter method of thermal cracking, and described method comprises the steps: the macromolecule organic solid castoff treating pyrolysis processing is carried out break process;There is provided one for the thermal source circulation chamber for described pyrolytic reaction room heat supply, described thermal source circulation chamber is positioned at the outside of described pyrolytic reaction room, thermal source in the indoor circulation uniform temperature of thermal source circulation, by liquid material in described pyrolytic reaction indoor transmissions, wherein, the circulating direction of described thermal source and the described transmission direction reverse direction each other treating pyrogen. Material after broken is delivered to pyrolytic reaction indoor, and material is moved the discharge end to pyrolytic reaction room from the feed end of pyrolytic reaction room, the moving process of material continues pyrolytic reaction; Wherein, treat that pyrolysis material is converted into gaseous products and solid product by pyrolytic reaction by described, the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 370～410 DEG C, and the air pressure of pyrolytic reaction indoor is higher than 1.5 normal atmospheres, and pyrolytic reaction carries out in the environment of catalyst-free; Described gaseous products is delivered to pyrolytic reaction outdoor, and realizes the separation of weight, light component in gaseous products by condensing described gaseous products; Described solid product is delivered to pyrolytic reaction outdoor, and separation gets white carbon black and steel wire from described solid product.
Further, the air pressure of described pyrolytic reaction indoor and the difference of a normal atmosphere are between 120～150Pa.
Further, the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 385～410 DEG C.
Further, the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 390～400 DEG C.
Further, described pyrolytic reaction room one in rotary kiln type, fluidized bed type.
Further, described pyrolytic reaction duration is between 43～50min.
Further, described method specifically includes following steps: described gaseous products is delivered to multi-stage condensing device and condenses, and to isolate liquid heavy constituent from gaseous products, and liquid heavy constituent is purified, it is thus achieved that product oil; Fixed gas in gaseous products is carried out back-fire relief burning, and using the flue gas of burning as the thermal source being used for the heat supply of pyrolytic reaction room; Cool down described solid product, and the solid product after cooling is carried out magnetic screening, to isolate coarse carbon black and steel wire from described solid product, described coarse carbon black is ground and modified, to obtain finished product white carbon black.
The organic solid waste pyrolysis processing technique of the present invention is provided without catalyst, thus avoiding affecting the hidden danger of pyrolytic reaction efficiency because of catalyst failure; The present invention realizes the pyrolysis processing of macromolecule organic solid waste when catalyst-free, therefrom obtains multiple thermal decomposition product, it is achieved the secondary of the energy utilizes, and is beneficial to environmental conservation; Additionally, the temperature of pyrolysis processing technique is between 370～410 DEG C, and carry out in the environment of minute-pressure, and the circulating direction of described thermal source and the described transmission direction reverse direction each other treating pyrogen. Compared to prior art, its pyrolytic process temperature is significantly reduced, and heat utilization rate is high, and pyrolysis efficiency is high, thus under guaranteeing the premise of pyrolytic reaction efficiency and process yields, and effective lifting means security performance and service life, and reduce explained hereafter cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the basic flow sheet abandoning waste organic matter method of thermal cracking in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention below with reference to detailed description of the invention shown in the drawings. Herein for the pyrolytic process of waste old, Pyrolysis of Plastics Wastes processing method of the present invention being described, waste old pyrolytic process products therefrom includes white carbon black, steel wire, fuel oil, combustion gas.Certainly, this method can also be applied in the pyrolytic processes such as plastic garbage, junked tire, medical waste, mud. The pyrolytic reaction room of the present invention is selected from the one in rotary kiln type, fluidized bed type.
Shown in reference Fig. 1, in the specific embodiment of the invention, described Pyrolysis of Plastics Wastes processing method, mainly comprise the steps:
Step one 101, the macromolecule organic solid castoff (waste rubber) treating pyrolysis processing is carried out break process; Wherein, the size (diagonal) of the rubber micelle after crushing is less than 10mm.
Step 2 102, open hot cigarette heating system, with to heat supply in pyrolysis reative cell, wherein, the temperature range of pyrolytic reaction chamber interior is 370～410 DEG C, the air pressure of pyrolytic reaction indoor is higher than 1.5 normal atmospheres, and especially, pyrolytic reaction carries out in the environment of catalyst-free; In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the air pressure of described pyrolytic reaction indoor and the difference of a normal atmosphere are between 20～150Pa.
Wherein, in preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of described pyrolysis processing technique is between 385～410 DEG C. More preferably, 390～400 DEG C are taked as optimum pyrolysis temperature.
Step 3 103, the material after break process is delivered to pyrolytic reaction indoor, and material is moved the discharge end to pyrolytic reaction room from the feed end of pyrolytic reaction room, the moving process of material continues pyrolytic reaction; To treat that pyrolysis material is converted into gaseous products and solid product by pyrolytic reaction; Wherein, solid product includes white carbon black and steel wire, and gaseous products includes heavy constituent and light component, and restructuring is divided into the fuel oil of gaseous state, and light component is combustion gas. Wherein it is preferred to, described pyrolytic reaction duration was between 30～40 minutes.
Step 4 104, described gaseous products is delivered to pyrolytic reaction outdoor, and realizes the separation of weight, light component in gaseous products by condensing described gaseous products, thus obtaining the fuel oil of heavy constituent and the combustion gas of light component;
Wherein, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 4 104 specifically includes following steps: described gaseous products is delivered to multi-stage condensing device and condenses, to isolate liquid heavy constituent from gaseous products, and liquid heavy constituent is purified, it is thus achieved that product oil; Wherein, condensation temperature ranges for: 45～61 DEG C; Fixed gas in gaseous products is carried out back-fire relief burning, and using the flue gas of burning as the thermal source being used for the heat supply of pyrolytic reaction room. The present invention is directly used in the heat supply of pyrolysis reactor by combustion gas pyrolytic process obtained, thus effectively save production cost.
Step 5 105, described solid product is delivered to pyrolytic reaction outdoor, cool down described solid product, and the solid product after cooling is carried out magnetic screening, to isolate coarse carbon black and steel wire from described solid product, described coarse carbon black is ground and modified, to obtain finished product white carbon black.
The circulating direction of thermal source and the conveying direction of material are substantially in reverse direction each other. Therefore consider thermal source energy loss in transmitting procedure, in inner core, the feed end of pyrolytic reaction room is to the direction of discharge end, and the temperature of pyrolytic reaction indoor is in the trend being gradually increasing. The temperature gap of the temperature treating pyrolysis waste material with pyrolytic reaction chamber interior because being in liquid is relatively big, if the temperature at feed end place is too high, is easily caused the coking phenomenon of feed end, thus being unfavorable for the efficiency of pyrolytic reaction. In the present embodiment, in material conveying process, pyrolysis temperature rises always, and there is fluctuation local, and pyrolysis gaseous state product temperatur is uniform, and the generation of easily controllable pyrolysis gaseous products secondary pyrolytic reaction.
The technique effect of the present invention is embodied below with reference to specific experiment data.
Experiment one:
Raw material: waste old;
Pyrolytical condition: pyrolysis temperature is 370～410 DEG C, the pressure of pyrolytic reaction indoor is 0～150Pa (malleation), is provided without catalyst;
Experimentation: first waste old is crushed, it is approximately the rubber mass grain of 10mm*10mm obtaining size, then, reclaims the steel wire in rubber mass grain by magnetic separator, and rubber micelle is delivered to pyrolytic reaction indoor, and make pyrolytic reaction under above-mentioned pyrolytical condition. Under different pyrolysis temperatures, the converting rate of waste old and the specific gravity data of various product are as follows:
| Pyrolysis temperature/DEG C | Pyrolysis oil yield/% | Pyrolysis gas/% | Pyrolytic carbon black/% | Conversion ratio/% |
| 350 | 30.78 | 5.5 | 63.72 | 36.28 |
| 410 | 40.15 | 12.31 | 46.07 | 52.46 |
| 418 | 50.44 | 11.4 | 37.93 | 61.84 |
| 420 | 40.8 | 14.35 | 43.46 | 55.15 |
| 424 | 38.56 | 16.63 | 46.81 | 55.19 |
| 440 | 41.57 | 20.3 | 35.66 | 61.87 |
| 450 | 35.05 | 22.5 | 42.45 | 57.55 |
Wherein, it is seen from the above data that pyrolysis temperature is when 410～440 DEG C, pyrolytic reaction conversion ratio is higher, and especially in pyrolysis temperature when fluctuating for 418 DEG C and about 440 DEG C, the yield of pyrolytic reaction conversion ratio, fuel oil and combustion gas is best.
Experiment two:
Raw material: waste old;
Pyrolytical condition: pyrolysis temperature is 450～650 DEG C, adopts catalyst;
First waste old is crushed, be approximately the rubber mass grain of 10mm*10mm obtaining size, then, then, reclaim the steel wire in rubber mass grain by magnetic separator, and rubber micelle is delivered to pyrolytic reaction indoor, and make pyrolytic reaction under above-mentioned pyrolytical condition. Under different pyrolysis temperature environment, conversion ratio and each product specific gravity data are as follows:
| Pyrolysis temperature DEG C | Pyrolysis oil yield % | Pyrolysis gas % | Pyrolytic carbon black % | Conversion ratio % |
| 450 | 45.9 | 10.1 | 43.9 | 56.1 |
| 500 | 49.5 | 11.7 | 38.8 | 61.2 |
| 550 | 43.5 | 15.1 | 41.3 | 58.7 |
| 600 | 43.1 | 17.6 | 39.3 | 60.7 |
| 650 | 41.1 | 20.1 | 38.8 | 61.2 |
By upper table data it appeared that, the conversion ratio adopting the pyrolytic reaction of catalyst is approximately between 56%～62%, the present invention is provided without the method for pyrolysis of catalyst, and its converting rate also substantially can maintain about 60%, substantially can realize the conversion ratio of conventional catalysis pyrolytic process. The present invention avoids adopting expensive catalyst, is substantially reduced the production cost of pyrolytic process, and avoids affecting because of catalyst failure the hidden danger of pyrolytic reaction efficiency; In addition, the temperature reached needed for the pyrolytic reaction of the present invention and the more conventional technique of pressure also have obvious reduction, it is known that, temperature is more high, the difficulty of the sealing realizing equipment is more big, and the present invention is by reducing pyrolysis temperature so that the sealing property of pyrolytic reaction equipment is easier to realize, and the heat transfer technology of low temperature pyrogenation technique is more easily implemented, equipment safety coefficient significantly improves.
Experiment three:
Respectively the flue gas heat-supplying mode of pyrolytic reaction outdoor is arranged in following four: " front end enter, then bring out "; " rear end is entered, front bring out "; " centre is entered, and two bring out "; " two ends are entered, and centre goes out ". Wherein, described " front end " represents the position near charging aperture, and described " rear end " represents the position near discharging opening, and " centre " represents the middle part of horizontal pyrolysis reactor.
In sum, the organic solid waste pyrolysis processing technique of the present invention is provided without catalyst, thus avoiding affecting the hidden danger of pyrolytic reaction efficiency because of catalyst failure; The present invention realizes the pyrolysis processing of macromolecule organic solid waste when catalyst-free, therefrom obtains multiple thermal decomposition product, it is achieved the secondary of the energy utilizes, and is beneficial to environmental conservation; In addition, the temperature of pyrolysis processing technique is between 370～410 DEG C, and carry out in the environment of minute-pressure, compared to prior art, its pyrolytic process temperature is significantly reduced, thus under guaranteeing the premise of pyrolytic reaction efficiency and process yields, effective lifting means security performance and service life, and reduce explained hereafter cost.
It is to be understood that, although this specification is been described by according to embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of description is only for clarity sake, description should be made as a whole by those skilled in the art, technical scheme in each embodiment through appropriately combined, can also form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Although being example purpose, have been disclosed for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art is it will be appreciated that when without departing from scope and spirit of the present invention disclosed in appending claims, various improvement, increase and replacement are possible.
Claims (7)
1. abandon waste organic matter method of thermal cracking for one kind, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
The macromolecule organic solid castoff treating pyrolysis processing is carried out break process;
There is provided one for the thermal source circulation chamber for described pyrolytic reaction room heat supply, described thermal source circulation chamber is positioned at the outside of described pyrolytic reaction room, thermal source in the indoor circulation uniform temperature of thermal source circulation, by liquid material in described pyrolytic reaction indoor transmissions, wherein, the circulating direction of described thermal source and the described transmission direction reverse direction each other treating pyrogen.
Material after broken is delivered to pyrolytic reaction indoor, and material is moved the discharge end to pyrolytic reaction room from the feed end of pyrolytic reaction room, the moving process of material continues pyrolytic reaction; Wherein, treat that pyrolysis material is converted into gaseous products and solid product by pyrolytic reaction by described, the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 370～410 DEG C, and the air pressure of pyrolytic reaction indoor is higher than 1.5 normal atmospheres, and pyrolytic reaction carries out in the environment of catalyst-free;
Described gaseous products is delivered to pyrolytic reaction outdoor, and realizes the separation of weight, light component in gaseous products by condensing described gaseous products; Described solid product is delivered to pyrolytic reaction outdoor, and separation gets white carbon black and steel wire from described solid product.
2. abandon waste organic matter method of thermal cracking as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the air pressure of described pyrolytic reaction indoor and the difference of a normal atmosphere are between 120～150Pa.
3. abandon waste organic matter method of thermal cracking as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 385～410 DEG C.
4. abandon waste organic matter method of thermal cracking as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 390～400 DEG C.
5. abandon waste organic matter method of thermal cracking as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described pyrolytic reaction room one in rotary kiln type, fluidized bed type.
6. abandon waste organic matter method of thermal cracking as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described pyrolytic reaction duration is between 43～50min.
7. abandon waste organic matter method of thermal cracking as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method specifically includes following steps: described gaseous products is delivered to multi-stage condensing device and condenses, to isolate liquid heavy constituent from gaseous products, and liquid heavy constituent is purified, it is thus achieved that product oil; Fixed gas in gaseous products is carried out back-fire relief burning, and using the flue gas of burning as the thermal source being used for the heat supply of pyrolytic reaction room; Cool down described solid product, and the solid product after cooling is carried out magnetic screening, to isolate coarse carbon black and steel wire from described solid product, described coarse carbon black is ground and modified, to obtain finished product white carbon black.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106378348A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-08 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Garbage treatment and resource utilization method |
| WO2018040728A1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | 广东新生环保科技股份有限公司 | Method of decomposing organic polymer waste material |
| CN109290353A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-01 | 江苏大地益源环境修复有限公司 | A kind of organic fixed-end forces device of Mobile skid-mounted |
| CN109563411A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-04-02 | 未来能源投资有限公司 | For being pyrolyzed the device and method of mixed plastic waste material |
| CN110305685A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-10-08 | 大连理工大学 | Two-part waste tyre pyrolytic activation integral device and method |
| CN116765094A (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2023-09-19 | 龙基能源集团有限公司 | Method and device for utilizing organic solid waste resources |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109563411A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-04-02 | 未来能源投资有限公司 | For being pyrolyzed the device and method of mixed plastic waste material |
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| CN109290353A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-02-01 | 江苏大地益源环境修复有限公司 | A kind of organic fixed-end forces device of Mobile skid-mounted |
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| CN110305685B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-07-16 | 大连理工大学 | Two-section type waste tire pyrolysis activation integrated device and method |
| CN116765094A (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2023-09-19 | 龙基能源集团有限公司 | Method and device for utilizing organic solid waste resources |
| CN116765094B (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2024-04-26 | 龙基能源集团有限公司 | Method and device for utilizing organic solid waste resources |
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Application publication date: 20160615 |