CN214681676U - Two-stage microwave tandem catalytic pyrolysis device for waste grease - Google Patents
Two-stage microwave tandem catalytic pyrolysis device for waste grease Download PDFInfo
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- CN214681676U CN214681676U CN202022806491.2U CN202022806491U CN214681676U CN 214681676 U CN214681676 U CN 214681676U CN 202022806491 U CN202022806491 U CN 202022806491U CN 214681676 U CN214681676 U CN 214681676U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a doublestage microwave concatenates device of catalytic pyrolysis abandonment grease, include feeder, microwave absorbent bed, two-port quartz reaction bottle, first order microwave pyrolysis device, quartzy catalysis pipe, catalyst bed, second grade microwave catalytic unit, bio-oil collection device, condensing system, prevent suck-back device, gas washer, gas flow monitoring devices, aspiration pump and gas collection device. After the microwave absorbent bed layer reaches the target pyrolysis temperature, materials are added into a double-opening quartz reaction bottle through a feeder to be subjected to rapid pyrolysis, generated pyrolysis steam is subjected to catalytic reforming through a catalyst bed layer, then enters a condensing system to be condensed into bio-oil, non-condensable gas sequentially enters an anti-suck-back device, a gas washing device, a gas flow monitoring device and an air pump, and finally is collected by a gas collecting device. The utility model realizes the rapid pyrolysis of waste grease and improves the yield of bio-oil; improving the catalytic effect, slowing down the coking and inactivation of the catalyst and prolonging the service life of the catalyst.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an abandonment grease utilization field especially relates to a doublestage microwave concatenates device of catalytic pyrolysis abandonment grease.
Background
The dramatic consumption of fossil fuels makes energy safety a significant challenge. In recent years, the research on converting waste grease into hydrocarbon-rich fuel oil is increasingly hot-lined. The oil industry is an important component of the food industry of grain and oil in China, and has very important role and status in national economy. In the process of eating and processing animal and vegetable oil, waste oil cannot be avoided. The high-speed development of global economy improves the living standard of people to a great extent, and the yield of waste grease is increased sharply. In 2019, the theoretical yield of edible vegetable oil only reaches 6000 million tons in China, and the total amount of the generated waste oil exceeds 1000 million tons. The huge amount and the resulting severe environmental pollution make the disposal methods such as landfill no longer applicable, and can cause resource waste. The reasonable utilization and development of the waste oil and the derivative products thereof have certain economic value and ecological benefit.
Pyrolysis has attracted attention as a technology for recycling and high-value utilization of waste oils and fats. At present, microwave is used as a novel heatingThe method has instantaneity, integrity and high efficiency, can realize the synergy of thermal effect and non-thermal effect, and has obvious advantages in the aspects of accelerating the reaction rate, increasing the product yield and the like. Compared with the traditional electric heating pyrolysis, the microwave-assisted pyrolysis has the advantages of high energy utilization rate and high heating speed, so that the application is wider. However, microwave has low selectivity to hydrocarbon products, and the prepared bio-oil still has a series of defects due to high oxygen content, such as low heat value, poor thermal stability, high water content, high acidity, high viscosity and strong corrosivity, thus seriously restricting the development and application of the microwave pyrolysis of the waste oil to prepare the hydrocarbon. To facilitate deoxygenation of the bio-oil, a catalyst is typically introduced into the pyrolysis system. The oxygen content is effectively reduced by combining fast pyrolysis and catalytic reforming, and the quality of the bio-oil is greatly improved. However, the traditional catalytic reaction supplies heat by electric power, so that the energy utilization rate is low, and the coking and inactivation of the catalyst are easily caused. The microwave heating catalysis has more uniform temperature distribution of a catalytic bed layer, and the formed hot spot effect can also be a carbon elimination reaction (C + CO)22CO), promotes the carbon deposit on the catalyst to be reduced, and effectively prolongs the service life of the catalyst.
The microwave pyrolysis is combined with the microwave catalysis, so that the energy utilization efficiency can be improved, and the yield and the quality of the bio-oil can be improved. However, in general, the raw material and the catalyst are mixed and placed in a microwave oven. This causes ash generated after pyrolysis of the waste grease to be deposited on the surface of the catalyst, resulting in irreversible deactivation of the catalyst. Meanwhile, the pyrolysis and catalytic temperatures cannot be accurately regulated and controlled respectively by being limited in the same microwave oven chamber, which is not beneficial to the control and optimization of the catalytic pyrolysis process. Therefore, the utility model discloses a doublestage microwave concatenates device of catalytic pyrolysis abandonment grease carries out dual regulation and control to microwave-assisted pyrolysis and catalysis process, realizes the high-valued utilization of abandonment grease.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a realize the high-valued utilization of abandonment grease, provide a doublestage microwave concatenates the device of catalytic pyrolysis abandonment grease, have energy utilization and rate height, bio-oil productivity, quality are high, and advantages such as catalyst long service life have wide industrial application prospect.
The utility model discloses will realize through following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a device of two-stage microwave concatenates catalytic pyrolysis waste oil, includes feeder, microwave absorbent bed, two mouthful of quartz reaction bottle, first order microwave pyrolysis device, quartzy catalysis pipe, catalyst bed, second order microwave catalytic unit, bio-oil collection device, condensing system, prevents suck-back device, scrubbing device, gas flow monitoring devices, aspiration pump, gas collection device.
Be equipped with microwave absorbent bed layer and two-port quartz reaction bottle in the first order microwave pyrolysis device, the ascending branch mouth of two-port quartz reaction bottle links to each other with the feeder, the right-hand branch mouth links to each other with the left end of the quartz catalysis pipe in the second order microwave catalytic unit, there is the catalyst bed layer in the quartz catalysis pipe, the right-hand member passes through the switching elbow and links to each other with bio-oil collection device, bio-oil collection device links to each other with condensing system, condensing system passes through rubber hose and links to each other with anti-suck-back device, the gas washing device, gas flow monitoring devices, aspiration pump and gas collection device in proper order.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the feeder is a controllable feeder with a movable cock.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the microwave absorbent bed layer is spherical silicon carbide.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the grain diameter of the spherical silicon carbide is 3-5 mm.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the microwave sources in the first-stage microwave pyrolysis device and the second-stage microwave catalytic device are both magnetrons.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the output power of the magnetron is 0-1000W.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the catalyst bed layer is a catalyst with microwave response characteristics.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the catalyst with the microwave response characteristic is a carbon-based material-molecular sieve composite catalyst.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the carbon-based material is silicon carbide, carbon nano tubes and carbon foam.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the molecular sieve is ZSM-5, HZSM-5, MCM-41, beta, Y, USY and SBA-15.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the condensing system comprises a spherical condensing pipe and an intelligent circulating cooling water tank.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the spherical condenser pipe and the intelligent circulating cooling water tank are both internally circulated with ice water of 0-5 ℃.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the gas washing device is filled with alkali liquor.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the alkali liquor is NaOH or Ca (OH)2The concentration is 0.1-1 mol/L.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation is: and adjusting the mass of the microwave absorbent, the height of the bed layer, the microwave power and the heating time of the first-stage microwave pyrolysis device and the second-stage microwave catalytic device to reach the set target pyrolysis temperature and catalytic temperature. When the microwave absorbent bed layer in the double-opening quartz reaction bottle and the catalyst bed layer in the quartz catalysis tube reach the target set temperature, the feeder is opened, reaction raw materials are added into the double-opening quartz reaction bottle at a certain feeding speed for fast pyrolysis, generated pyrolysis steam is subjected to catalytic reforming through the catalyst bed layer with microwave response characteristics under the negative pressure action of the air pump, the flow rate of the pyrolysis steam in a reaction system is monitored and adjusted through the gas flow monitoring device, the catalyzed pyrolysis steam enters the condensation system to be condensed into bio-oil, non-condensable gas sequentially enters the anti-suck-back device, the air washing device, the gas flow monitoring device and the air pump, and finally the non-condensable gas is collected through the gas collection device.
The device of the utility model has the advantages that after the feeding and the microwave heating are combined, the rapid pyrolysis of the waste grease is realized, the carbonization of the waste grease in the slow temperature rise process is slowed down, and the yield of the bio-oil is improved; the two-stage microwave response catalysis has the advantages of spatial coincidence of microwave hot points and reaction active sites and time matching of transfer rate and reaction rate, finally realizes the synergistic effect of catalyzing in-situ wave absorption and heat generation and catalyzing conversion, can improve the catalysis effect, slows down coking and inactivation of the catalyst, and prolongs the service life of the catalyst. Meanwhile, irreversible carbon deposition inactivation of the catalyst caused by contact of the catalyst and raw materials is avoided, and double accurate temperature control in the pyrolysis and catalysis processes can be realized. The gas flow monitoring device realizes the coordination of the pyrolysis and the catalysis processes in speed, and realizes the double-stage optimization of the bio-oil in yield and quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a feeder, 2-a microwave absorbent bed layer, 3-a double-opening quartz reaction bottle, 4-a first-stage microwave pyrolysis device, 5-a quartz catalysis tube, 6-a catalyst bed layer, 7-a second-stage microwave catalysis device, 8-a bio-oil collection device, 9-a condensation system, 10-an anti-suck-back device, 11-a gas washing device, 12-a gas flow monitoring device, 13-an air pump and 14-a gas collection device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes a feeder (1), a microwave absorbent bed layer (2), a double-mouth quartz reaction bottle (3), a first-stage microwave pyrolysis device (4), a quartz catalytic tube (5), a catalyst bed layer (6), a second-stage microwave catalytic device (7), a bio-oil collection device (8), a condensation system (9), an anti-suck-back device (10), a gas washing device (11), a gas flow monitoring device (12), an air pump (13), and a gas collection device (14).
Be equipped with microwave absorbent bed layer (2) and two-port quartz reaction bottle (3) in first order microwave pyrolysis device (4), the mouth of pipe of going up of two-port quartz reaction bottle (3) links to each other with feeder (1), the mouth of pipe of going up of right-hand branch links to each other with the left end of quartz catalysis pipe (5) in second order microwave catalytic unit (7), there is catalyst bed layer (6) in quartz catalysis pipe (5), the right-hand member passes through the switching elbow and links to each other with bio-oil collection device (8), bio-oil collection device (8) link to each other with condensing system (9), condensing system (9) pass through rubber hose in proper order with prevent suck-back device (10), scrubbing device (11), gas flow monitoring devices (12), aspiration pump (13) and gas collection device (14) link to each other.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the feeder is a controllable feeder with a movable cock.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the microwave absorbent bed layer is spherical silicon carbide.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the grain diameter of the spherical silicon carbide is 3-5 mm.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the microwave sources in the first-stage microwave pyrolysis device and the second-stage microwave catalytic device are both magnetrons.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the output power of the magnetron is 0-1000W.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the catalyst bed layer is a catalyst with microwave response characteristics.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the catalyst with the microwave response characteristic is a carbon-based material-molecular sieve composite catalyst.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the carbon-based material is silicon carbide, carbon nano tubes and carbon foam.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the molecular sieve is ZSM-5, HZSM-5, MCM-41, beta, Y, USY and SBA-15.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the condensing system comprises a spherical condensing pipe and an intelligent circulating cooling water tank.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the spherical condenser pipe and the intelligent circulating cooling water tank are both internally circulated with ice water of 0-5 ℃.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the gas washing device is filled with alkali liquor.
The device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection comprises: the alkali liquor is NaOH or Ca (OH)2The concentration is 0.1-1 mol/L.
In this embodiment, the mass of the microwave absorbent is adjusted to 500g, the height of the bed layer is 10cm, the microwave power and the heating time of the first-stage microwave pyrolysis device are set to 800W and 5min, and the microwave power and the heating time of the second-stage microwave catalytic device are set to 600W and 5min, so as to respectively reach the set target pyrolysis temperature of 500 ℃ and the target catalytic temperature of 450 ℃. When the microwave absorbent bed layer in the double-opening quartz reaction bottle and the catalyst bed layer in the quartz catalysis tube reach the target set temperature, the feeder is opened, the waste grease is added into the double-opening quartz reaction bottle at the feeding speed of 0.2mL/s for fast pyrolysis, the generated pyrolysis steam is subjected to catalytic reforming through the catalyst bed layer with microwave response characteristics under the negative pressure action of the air pump, the flow rate of the pyrolysis steam in the reaction system is monitored and adjusted to be 5L/min through the gas flow monitoring device, the catalyzed pyrolysis steam enters the condensation system to be condensed into bio-oil, and the non-condensable gas sequentially enters the anti-suck back device, the gas washing device, the gas flow monitoring device and the air pump and is finally collected by the gas collection device.
The foregoing merely illustrates preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are described in considerable detail and detail, but are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several changes, modifications and substitutions can be made, which are all within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A device for catalytic pyrolysis of waste grease by two-stage microwave tandem connection is characterized by comprising a feeder (1), a microwave absorbent bed layer (2), a double-opening quartz reaction bottle (3), a first-stage microwave pyrolysis device (4), a quartz catalytic tube (5), a catalyst bed layer (6), a second-stage microwave catalytic device (7), a bio-oil collecting device (8), a condensing system (9), an anti-suck-back device (10), a gas washing device (11), a gas flow monitoring device (12), an air suction pump (13) and a gas collecting device (14);
be equipped with microwave absorbent bed layer (2) and two-port quartz reaction bottle (3) in first order microwave pyrolysis device (4), the mouth of pipe of going up of two-port quartz reaction bottle (3) links to each other with feeder (1), the mouth of pipe of going up of right-hand branch links to each other with the left end of quartz catalysis pipe (5) in second order microwave catalytic unit (7), there is catalyst bed layer (6) in quartz catalysis pipe (5), the right-hand member passes through the switching elbow and links to each other with bio-oil collection device (8), bio-oil collection device (8) link to each other with condensing system (9), condensing system (9) pass through rubber hose in proper order with prevent suck-back device (10), scrubbing device (11), gas flow monitoring devices (12), aspiration pump (13) and gas collection device (14) link to each other.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the feeder is a controllable feeder with a movable cock.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the microwave absorbent bed layer is spherical silicon carbide, and the particle size of the spherical silicon carbide is 3-5 mm.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the microwave sources in the first-stage microwave pyrolysis device and the second-stage microwave catalytic device are both magnetrons, and the output power of the magnetrons is 0-1000W.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the catalyst bed layer is a catalyst with microwave response characteristics; the catalyst with the microwave response characteristic is a carbon-based material-molecular sieve composite catalyst.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus comprises: the carbon-based material is silicon carbide, carbon nano tubes and carbon foam.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus comprises: the molecular sieve is ZSM-5, HZSM-5, MCM-41, beta, Y, USY and SBA-15.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the condensing system comprises a spherical condensing pipe and an intelligent circulating cooling water tank, wherein the spherical condensing pipe and the intelligent circulating cooling water tank are internally circulated with 0-5 ℃ ice water.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the gas washing device is filled with alkali liquor.
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| CN202022806491.2U CN214681676U (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Two-stage microwave tandem catalytic pyrolysis device for waste grease |
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| CN202022806491.2U CN214681676U (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Two-stage microwave tandem catalytic pyrolysis device for waste grease |
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