CN104910930A - Organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, system and method - Google Patents
Organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104910930A CN104910930A CN201410097644.7A CN201410097644A CN104910930A CN 104910930 A CN104910930 A CN 104910930A CN 201410097644 A CN201410097644 A CN 201410097644A CN 104910930 A CN104910930 A CN 104910930A
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Abstract
The invention provides an organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, a system and a method. Specifically, the organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device includes a reaction bin and a heating bin for heating the reaction bin, and organic materials are pyrolyzed in the reaction bin to obtain a variety of pyrolysis products. The heating bin is internally provided with a material conveying mechanism, the material conveying mechanism does not rely on an additionally disposed driving device, but only depends on the friction force between the material conveying mechanism and the reaction bin inner wall to maintain the motion state. The principle of converting the rotation potential energy of the reaction bin into material push kinetic energy is utilized to realize transfer of materials in the reaction bin, and industrial application of the organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic materials pyrolysis processing field, particularly relate to a kind of pyrolysis treatment device in order to pyrolysis organic solid waste and system;
The invention still further relates to a kind of low temperature without catalyse pyrolysis treatment process.
Background technology
The fast development of petroleum industry, facilitates widespread production and the application of organic products, and consequent polymer organic solid castoff gets more and more, and this type of noxious waste pollution problem is also day by day serious, and this becomes environmental issue urgently to be resolved hurrily undoubtedly.The method of conventional process organic solid castoff is landfill or burning, and it not only causes the secondary pollution to environment, and can not realize the effective and reasonable utilization of resource.Through constantly to test and explore; industry is fully recognized that; huge market outlook are hidden in the recycling of organic solid castoff; multiple precious resources can be therefrom extracted by organic solid castoff being carried out high temperature pyrolysis process; comprise fuel oil, combustion gas, carbon black, steel wire; its not only energy-saving and emission-reduction achieve noticeable achievement, and improve resource utilization, be beneficial to the protection of ecotope.
In prior art, pyrolysis treatment device comprise sealing pyrolytic reaction storehouse and with thinking the heating cabinet that this reaction warehouse heats, the pyrolytic reaction of organic solid waste is carried out in the pyrolytic reaction storehouse of high temperature anaerobic, is provided with by arranging corresponding feeding unit so that material is delivered to the other end from reaction warehouse one end in pyrolytic reaction storehouse.But the feeding unit structure adopted in prior art often needs special configuration in order to drive the motor of the rotation of this feeding unit, and this certainly will increase unnecessary energy consumption, and increases the manufacturing cost of equipment to a certain extent; On the other hand, because the temperature in pyrolytic reaction chamber is higher, material easily adheres on the inwall in described pyrolytic reaction chamber, thus generation coking phenomenon, for addressing this problem, cleaning agency in order to remove inwall coking must be set in prior art specially, but, the most complex structure of this type of cleaning agency and increase the manufacturing cost of pyrolysis treatment apparatus.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, the problem of the drive unit of special configuration must be depended on the conveying structure solved in prior art in organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, and improve the coking cleaning effect of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system applying above-mentioned organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, the problem of the drive unit of special configuration must be depended on the conveying structure solved in prior art in organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, and improve the coking cleaning effect of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pyrolysis treating method applying above-mentioned organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, the problem of the drive unit of special configuration must be depended on the conveying structure solved in prior art in organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, and improve the coking cleaning effect of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device.
One of for achieving the above object, the organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device provided in one embodiment of the invention, comprise reaction warehouse, heating cabinet, driving mechanism and feeding unit, described reaction warehouse is in order to change into multiple pyrolysis product by organic materials by pyrolytic reaction; Described reaction warehouse has material inlet, gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet, and described material inlet is in order to import described organic materials, and described gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet are in order to derive described pyrolysis product; Described heating cabinet is coated on the periphery of described reaction warehouse, and described heating cabinet is in order to provide the heat energy in described reaction warehouse needed for pyrolytic reaction; Described driving mechanism makes synchronous rotary in order to drive described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet; Described feeding unit is placed in described reaction warehouse, and the diameter of this feeding unit is less than the diameter of described reaction warehouse, the weight of described feeding unit carried by the inwall that described reaction warehouse extends along the axis direction of this reaction warehouse, and described feeding unit makes directional transmissions in order to realize material in described reaction warehouse.
Further, described feeding unit is spirrillum, and described feeding unit comprises a screw shaft extended along the axis direction of described reaction warehouse and the spirane structure be formed on described screw shaft.
Further, the spiral shell footpath of described spirane structure is than between 0.2 ~ 2.0.
Further, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device also comprises one and is arranged at stopping mechanism in described reaction warehouse, described screw shaft has first end and the second end on the axis direction of described reaction warehouse, described feeding unit is in order to make directional transmissions from first end to the second end by material, and described stopping mechanism is in order to lean with described first end.
Further, described stopping mechanism comprises the stopper section in order to lean with described first end and the connection section in order to fixing described stopper section, described connection section is connected between the inwall of described stopper section and described reaction warehouse, described stopping mechanism is provided with one or more through hole in order to the material that circulates.
Further, described the second end is provided with between described solid-phase outlet and the end of gaseous phase outlet in the course of conveying of material and on described reaction warehouse and there is a determining deviation.
Further, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device comprises the first cylindrical shell, be coated on the second cylindrical shell of described first cylindrical shell periphery and be coated on the 3rd cylindrical shell of described second cylindrical shell periphery, described reaction warehouse is formed in described first cylindrical shell, form described heating cabinet between first, second cylindrical shell described, form one between second, third cylindrical shell described in order to realize the thermal insulation barn of described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet insulation.
Further, described thermal insulation barn is by filling the insulation being incubated material or vacuumizing mode realization response storehouse and heating cabinet.
Further, some spacer portion described heating cabinet being separated into multiple sub-heating cabinet are connected with between first, second cylindrical shell described, described spacer portion extends to form along the axis direction of described reaction warehouse, and described spacer portion carries out concentrating transmission in order to realize heat in described sub-heating cabinet.
Further, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device also comprises the hot cigarette inlet pipe that is communicated in described heating cabinet and hot cigarette goes out pipe, described hot cigarette inlet pipe and hot cigarette go out pipe and are arranged at the both ends place of described heating cabinet on the axis direction of described reaction warehouse respectively, between described hot cigarette inlet pipe and described heating cabinet and described hot cigarette go out to manage smoke impervious mechanism be set respectively between described heating cabinet, described smoke impervious mechanism goes out the sealing between pipe with the heating cabinet of kinestate in order to the hot cigarette inlet pipe and hot cigarette realizing stationary state.
Further, described hot cigarette inlet pipe is arranged at the side end away from described material inlet on described heating cabinet, and described hot cigarette inlet pipe is positioned at the bottom of described heating cabinet; Described hot cigarette goes out the side end that pipe is arranged at close described material inlet on described heating cabinet, and described hot cigarette goes out the top that pipe is positioned at described heating cabinet.
Further, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device also comprises the discharge component that is connected to described reaction warehouse end, described discharge component offers described solid-phase outlet and gaseous phase outlet, be provided with corresponding containment member between described discharge component to described reaction warehouse, described discharge component is in order to realize the stationary state of described solid-phase outlet and gaseous phase outlet.
Correspondingly, for realizing another goal of the invention above-mentioned, a kind of pyrolysis treatment systems provided by the invention, it comprises organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, feeding unit and drawing mechanism, and described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device is in order to realize the pyrolytic reaction of organic materials to produce multiple pyrolysis product; Described feeding unit is connected with described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, and is directed in described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device again in order to organic raw material to be carried out pre-treatment; Described drawing mechanism is connected with described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, and in order to pyrolysis product is derived from described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device; Wherein, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device comprises reaction warehouse, heating cabinet, driving mechanism and feeding unit, and described reaction warehouse is in order to change into multiple pyrolysis product by organic materials by pyrolytic reaction; Described reaction warehouse has material inlet, gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet, and described material inlet is in order to import described organic materials, and described gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet are in order to derive described pyrolysis product; Described heating cabinet is coated on the periphery of described reaction warehouse, and described heating cabinet is in order to provide the heat energy in described reaction warehouse needed for pyrolytic reaction; Described driving mechanism makes synchronous rotary in order to drive described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet; Described feeding unit is placed in described reaction warehouse, and the diameter of this feeding unit is less than the diameter of described reaction warehouse, the weight of described feeding unit carried by the inwall that described reaction warehouse extends along the axis direction of this reaction warehouse, and described feeding unit makes directional transmissions in order to realize material in described reaction warehouse.
Correspondingly, the pyrolysis treating method that an embodiment of the present invention provides, it applies above-mentioned organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device and system, and the method comprises the steps:
S1, will treat that the organic solid waste of pyrolysis processing carries out break process;
S2, by described heating cabinet give described reaction warehouse provide heat energy, to reach the temperature needed for pyrolytic reaction; And drive described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet to make synchronous rotary by driving mechanism;
S3, the organic materials after break process is directed in described reaction warehouse from described material inlet, and by described conveying assembly, organic materials is carried out directional transmissions in described reaction warehouse, in described reaction warehouse, there is pyrolytic reaction and change into multiple pyrolysis product in described organic materials; Wherein, the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 350 ~ 450 DEG C, and the air pressure in described reaction warehouse is higher than standard atmospheric pressure, and the air pressure in described reaction warehouse and the difference of standard atmospheric pressure are between 0 ~ 150Pa, and described pyrolytic reaction does not adopt catalyzer;
S4, solid product is exported to described reaction warehouse from described solid-phase outlet; And gaseous product is exported to described reaction warehouse from described gaseous phase outlet.
Further, the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 410 ~ 440 DEG C.
Further, in described reaction warehouse, the transmission direction of material is contrary with the transmission direction of the heat source body in described heating cabinet.
Compared with prior art, in organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device of the present invention, system and method, by arranging corresponding feeding unit to realize mass transport in storehouse in described reaction warehouse, the diameter of described feeding unit is less than the diameter of described reaction warehouse, and the weight of described feeding unit carried by the inwall that described reaction warehouse extends along the axis direction of this reaction warehouse.Wherein, described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet are done in the process of synchronous rotary, described feeding unit relies on the frictional force between self and reaction warehouse, constantly lifted and possessed certain potential energy, potential energy is utilized to become the principle of kinetic energy, this feeding unit just can rotate around its axis direction, thus the conveying function of material in realization response storehouse, conveying structure of the present invention without the need to special configuration in order to drive the drive unit of feeding unit, thus reduce the energy consumption of pyrolysis plant, and reduce manufacture and the maintenance cost of pyrolysis plant; On the other hand, because the inwall of described feeding unit and described reaction warehouse is in contact condition all the time, the function of coking on its inwall having cleaning reaction storehouse concurrently, thus avoid additional in order to clear up the cleaning agency of coking, while simplifying device structure, effective elimination effect improving coking in reaction warehouse, and then guarantee that organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device and system thereof can realize the application in industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device on another visual angle shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device on another visual angle shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the temperature distribution schematic diagram in first embodiment of the invention in reaction warehouse in the height direction and on axial direction due;
Fig. 6 is the temperature distribution schematic diagram in second embodiment of the invention in reaction warehouse in the height direction and on axial direction due;
Fig. 7 is the temperature distribution schematic diagram in third embodiment of the invention in reaction warehouse in the height direction and on axial direction due;
Fig. 8 is the temperature distribution schematic diagram in four embodiment of the invention in reaction warehouse in the height direction and on axial direction due.
Specific embodiment
Describe the present invention below with reference to embodiment shown in the drawings.Organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device of the present invention can in order to junked tire, waste or used plastics, waste and old resin, municipal domestic organic refuse, industrial organic waste, the pyrolysis processing technique of the organic solid waste such as mud and medical waste.
Please coordinate with reference to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it is the structural representation of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device in the present invention one specific embodiment.In the present embodiment, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device 100 comprises reactor body 1, is placed in the feeding unit 2 of described reactor body 1 inside, in order to support this reactor body 1 base 3 and in order to drive this reactor body 1 to carry out the driving mechanism rotated.Wherein, base 3 is provided with the support portion 31,32 supporting reactor body 1, this support portion 31,32 is symmetricly set in the two ends of this base 3, particularly, each support portion is by two roller portion 31a, 31b compositions, this roller portion 31a, 31b lay respectively at the both sides of reactor body 1, and roller portion 31a, 31b are respectively arranged with rotatable roller 310,312.Wherein, driving mechanism is included in transmission rig 19 and drive-motor that reactor body 1 is arranged, this drive-motor by modes such as belt, chain or gears by power transmission to transmission rig 19, and then drive reactor body rotate around its axis direction 104.
In the present embodiment, described reactor body 1 comprises the first cylindrical shell 11, second cylindrical shell 13 and the 3rd cylindrical shell 15, described second cylindrical shell 13 is coated on the periphery of described first cylindrical shell 11, described 3rd cylindrical shell 15 is coated on the periphery of described second cylindrical shell 13, described first cylindrical shell 11, second cylindrical shell 13 and the 3rd cylindrical shell 15 do the rotation of constant angular velocity around the axis direction 104 of reaction warehouse described in it, wherein, first cylindrical shell 11, the axis of the second cylindrical shell 13 and the 3rd cylindrical shell 15 can overlap, namely three is arranged with one heart, certainly, in other embodiments of the present invention, also can non-concentric arrange between three cylindrical shells, such as, the axis of three cylindrical shells is parallel to each other, only synchronous rotary need be kept.
What specialize is, in herein, mentioned " being coated on " should be construed to and comprise " completely coated " and " part is coated " two kinds of situations, such as, in the specific embodiment listed by this paper, the both ends of the first cylindrical shell 11 are not coated by the second cylindrical shell 13 institute, therefore the second cylindrical shell 13 is just partly coated on the periphery of described first cylindrical shell 11.But the situation that the present invention should comprise " completely coated ".
Described first cylindrical shell 11 inside forms the reaction warehouse 10 in order to realize organic materials pyrolytic reaction, and this reaction warehouse 10 inside is oxygen-free environment, to guarantee that pyrolytic reaction can be carried out safely.Described reaction warehouse 10 has in order to import the material inlet 101 for the treatment of pyrolysis material and in order to the gaseous phase outlet 102 of deriving pyrolysis product and solid-phase outlet 103.Wherein, first cylindrical shell 11, second cylindrical shell 13 and the 3rd cylindrical shell 15 are all cylindrically, and described material inlet 101 is arranged at a side end of this cylindrical reactor main body 1, and described gaseous phase outlet 102 and solid-phase outlet 103 are arranged at the end side of this cylindrical reactor main body 1, wherein, gaseous phase outlet 102 is positioned at the top of solid-phase outlet 103, and the height of solid-phase outlet is then corresponding with the height of described feeding unit 2.Wherein, for junked tire pyrolytic process, its pyrolysis processing technique products therefrom comprises fuel oil, combustion gas, steel wire and carbon black.
In the present embodiment, formed between described first cylindrical shell 11, second cylindrical shell 13 with thinking that reaction warehouse 10 provides the heating cabinet 12 of heat; The heating function in realization response storehouse 10 is carried out in this heating cabinet 12 inside by circulation heat source body (as high-temperature flue gas), heating cabinet 12 need be arranged to completely closed to avoid flue gas to leak.Wherein, organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device 100 also comprises the hot cigarette inlet pipe 180 that is communicated in described heating cabinet 12 and hot cigarette goes out pipe 170, hot cigarette inlet pipe 180 is arranged at the side end away from material inlet 101 on heating cabinet 12, and hot cigarette goes out the side end that pipe 170 is arranged at close material inlet 101 on heating cabinet 12.Preferably, described hot cigarette inlet pipe 180 is arranged at the bottom of described reactor body 1, and described hot cigarette goes out the top that pipe 170 is arranged at described reactor body 1.In the present embodiment, smoke impervious mechanism 18 is correspondingly provided with between hot cigarette inlet pipe 180 and heating cabinet 12, hot cigarette goes out between pipe 170 and heating cabinet 12 to be provided with smoke impervious mechanism 17, because whole reactor body 1 is in rotating state, and hot cigarette inlet pipe 180, hot cigarette go out pipe 170 and smoke impervious mechanism 17,18 all remains static, described smoke impervious mechanism 17,18 goes out the dynamic seal between the heating cabinet 12 of pipe 170 and kinestate in order to the hot cigarette inlet pipe 180 and hot cigarette realizing stationary state.It is pointed out that other embodiments of the invention are also that reaction warehouse carries out heat supply, as radiant heat, microwave thermal etc. by other modes.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, some spacer portion 120 described heating cabinet 12 being separated into multiple sub-heating cabinet 122 are connected with between first cylindrical shell 11, second cylindrical shell 13, the bearing of trend of described sub-heating cabinet 122 is consistent with the transmission direction of material in described reaction warehouse 10, and described spacer portion 120 concentrates transmission in order to realize heat in single sub-heating cabinet 122.In the present embodiment, described heating cabinet 12 is become six sub-heating cabinets 122 by even partition, and when reactor body 1 rotates, owing to there is frictional force between material 5 self and the inwall of reaction warehouse 10, material 5 constantly presents the state be elevated.By circulation high-temperature hot cigarette and by asking that wall heat exchange heats to reaction warehouse in heating cabinet 12, because heating cabinet 12 is separated into multiple sub-heating cabinet 122, high-temperature flue gas can be assigned in a certain sub-heating cabinet, and directional transmissions is carried out in this sub-heating cabinet, thus heat can be intensively delivered to reaction warehouse inside, optimize the heat transfer efficiency of reactor body, guarantee the pyrolytic reaction efficiency of organic materials; In addition, the intensity that some spacer portion 120 can promote whole reactor body is set, prevents distortion.It is worth mentioning that, in other embodiments of the present invention, size, the structure of the number of the sub-heating cabinet be separated out, shape and spacer portion all can make adaptive change according to actual design demand.
In the present embodiment, between described 3rd cylindrical shell 15 and described second cylindrical shell 13, form thermal insulation barn 14, by filling insulation material or the mode that vacuumizes to realize heat insulation function in described thermal insulation barn 14.Certainly, in other embodiments of the present invention, described 3rd cylindrical shell may also be the one layer of heat preservation material be coated on described second cylindrical shell 13 outside surface, that is, this lagging material self-formed shaping becomes a cylindrical shape.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, this reactor body 1 also comprises the discharge component 16 that is connected to described reaction warehouse 10 end, described discharge component 16 remains static, realize dynamic seal by corresponding containment member (not shown) between this discharge component 16 to described reaction warehouse 10, described gaseous phase outlet 102 and described solid-phase outlet 103 are opened on described discharge component 16.This discharge component 16 periphery is coated with thermal insulation layer 161, in order to maintain the temperature in discharge component, thus avoids the condensation of gaseous product.
In the present embodiment, described feeding unit 2 is placed in described reaction warehouse 10, and the weight of this feeding unit 2 carried by the inwall of described reaction warehouse 10 completely, and this feeding unit 2 crouches and lies on the inwall of described reaction warehouse 10.In addition, the drive unit (as motor) that the non-special configuration of this feeding unit 2 is extra, its both ends are without the need to arranging corresponding supporting structure.Due to the existence of the frictional force between this feeding unit 2 and inwall of described reaction warehouse 10, do in the process rotated at described reaction warehouse 10, this feeding unit 2 is constantly lifted and is possessed certain potential energy, potential energy is utilized to become the principle of kinetic energy, this feeding unit 2 is done to fall motion after rise, after this, this feeding unit 2 can rotate in described reaction warehouse 10 around its axis, and the linear velocity of the linear velocity of this feeding unit 2 and reaction warehouse 10 is roughly equal, the rotary motion of this feeding unit 2 can produce the motivating force of material in directed conveying reaction warehouse 10.In the present embodiment, described feeding unit 2 is arranged to spirrillum, for improving the intensity of feeding unit, this spirrillum feeding unit 2 has been arranged to axle spiral, that is, this feeding unit 2 comprises a screw shaft 20 extended along the axis direction 104 of described reaction warehouse and the spirane structure 22 be formed on described screw shaft 20.Certainly, in other embodiments of the invention, this feeding unit 2 also can be arranged to the structures such as turbofan.In addition, except mass transport function, feeding unit 2 also possesses the function of material stirring and reaction warehouse inwall coking self-cleaning.
In the present embodiment, screw shaft 20 has first end 24 and the second end 26 on the axis direction 104 of described reaction warehouse, in described reaction warehouse, the material of 10 moves to described the second end 26 from described first end 24, wherein, because the motion of material produces a reactive force to feeding unit 2, this reactive force forces the end being provided with material inlet 101 in first end 24 and reaction warehouse 10 to lean, and there is certain interval all the time between the end being provided with gaseous phase outlet 102 or solid-phase outlet 103 in the second end 26 and described reaction warehouse 10.
Close the diameter R2 of spirane structure 22, if diameter R2 is excessive, then can increase the weight of conveying assembly, this certainly will increase the cost of whole equipment, and whole equipment needs the unit configuring relatively high power to operate; If diameter R2 is too small, though unit load is alleviated, but conveying efficiency certainly will be caused to have a greatly reduced quality.In order to realize the present invention better, the ratio of the diameter R2 of spirane structure 22 and the diameter R1 of described reaction warehouse 10 is between 1/4 ~ 3/4.In the present embodiment, defining the spacing that on described spirane structure 22, adjacent two spirals are asked is spiral spacer L1, then described spiral spacer L1 is called spiral shell footpath ratio with the ratio of the diameter R2 of described spirane structure 22, and the spiral shell footpath of described spirane structure is than between 0.2 ~ 2.0.
Please coordinate with reference to shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it is the structural representation of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device in another specific embodiment of the present invention.The difference part of the present embodiment and a upper embodiment is: organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device 100 also comprises one and is arranged at stopping mechanism 6 in described reaction warehouse 10, this stopping mechanism is in order to withstand the setback of described feeding unit 2, to avoid directly contacting between feeding unit 2 and the roof of reactor body, after so can avoiding life-time service, there is over worn hidden danger in reactor wall.In the present embodiment, first end 24 and the described stopping mechanism 6 of described screw shaft 20 lean, thus abrading section is mainly positioned on this stopping mechanism 6, by changing this stopping mechanism 6 after life-time service, thus extend the work-ing life of pyrolysis plant to a certain extent.
As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, stopping mechanism 6 specifically comprises stopper section 60 and the connection section 61 in order to fixing described stopper section 60, this stopper section 60 is in circular, three connection sections 61 are connected between described stopper section 60 and the inwall of described reaction warehouse 10 by modes such as welding, and described first end 24 leans with described stopper section 60.Wherein, described stopping mechanism 6 is provided with one or more through hole in order to the material that circulates, particularly, through hole comprises the first through hole 63 that circular stopper section 60 self formed and the second through hole 62 that this stopper section 60 is formed jointly with reaction warehouse 10 inwall, connection section 61.Certainly, in other embodiments of the present invention, described stopping mechanism 6 structure and position and all can do corresponding change according to actual design demand in order to the structure of the through hole of the material that circulates.
In the present invention, for realizing the pyrolysis treatment systems of organic solid waste pyrolysis processing technique except comprising above-mentioned organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, it also possesses corresponding feeding unit and drawing mechanism, wherein, described feeding unit and drawing mechanism is corresponding and described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device is connected, feeding unit is directed in described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device in order to organic solid waste raw material to be carried out pre-treatment again; Drawing mechanism is then in order to derive pyrolysis product from described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, and further, this system also comprises realizing the condensing works heavy in gaseous product, light constituent is separated and the milling apparatus etc. in order to grind carbon black.Because said apparatus belongs to structure be familiar with in the industry, applicant is no longer repeated in literary composition.
Next, a kind of pyrolysis treating method applying above-mentioned organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device will be introduced.In present embodiment, described method comprises the steps:
S1, will treat that the organic solid waste of pyrolysis processing carries out break process;
S2, provide heat energy by heating cabinet to reaction warehouse, to reach the temperature needed for pyrolytic reaction; And drive reaction warehouse and heating cabinet to make synchronous rotary by driving mechanism;
S3, to be directed in reaction warehouse from material inlet by the organic materials after break process, and by conveying assembly, organic materials to be carried out directional transmissions in reaction warehouse, there is pyrolytic reaction and change into multiple pyrolysis product in organic materials in reaction warehouse; Wherein, the temperature range of pyrolytic reaction is: 350 ~ 450 DEG C, and the air pressure in reaction warehouse is higher than standard atmospheric pressure, and the air pressure in reaction warehouse and the difference of standard atmospheric pressure are between 0 ~ 150Pa, and this pyrolytic reaction does not adopt catalyzer; In preferred embodiment, the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 410 ~ 440 DEG C.
S4, solid product is exported to described reaction warehouse from described solid-phase outlet, gaseous product is exported to described reaction warehouse from described gaseous phase outlet.After this, realize separation that is heavy in gaseous product, light constituent by gaseous product described in condensation, thus obtain the fuel oil of heavy constituent and the combustion gas of light constituent; The product such as carbon black and steel wire is obtained from solid product.
In the present embodiment, in reaction warehouse, the transmission direction of material is contrary with the transmission direction of the heat source body in described heating cabinet.That is, in the course of conveying of material, the pyrolysis temperature in reaction warehouse is roughly in the state progressively risen, and there is fluctuation local, is easy to the generation controlling pyrolysis gaseous product secondary pyrolytic reaction.
The technique effect of pyrolysis treating method of the present invention is embodied below with reference to specific experiment data.
Experiment one:
Raw material: waste old;
Pyrolytical condition: pyrolysis temperature is 350 ~ 450 DEG C, the pressure of pyrolytic reaction indoor is 0 ~ 150Pa, does not adopt catalyzer;
Experimentation: first waste old is carried out fragmentation, to obtain the rubber mass grain that size is approximately 10mm*10mm, then, the steel wire in rubber mass grain is reclaimed by magnetic separator, and rubber micelle is delivered to pyrolytic reaction indoor, and make pyrolytic reaction under above-mentioned pyrolytical condition.Under different pyrolysis temperatures, the converting rate of waste old and the specific gravity data of various product as follows:
| Pyrolysis temperature/DEG C | Pyrolysis oil yield/% | Pyrolysis gas/% | Pyrolytic carbon black/% | Transformation efficiency/% |
| 350 | 30.78 | 5.5 | 63.72 | 36.28 |
| 410 | 40.15 | 12.31 | 46.07 | 52.46 |
| 418 | 50.44 | 11.4 | 37.93 | 61.84 |
| 420 | 40.8 | 14.35 | 43.46 | 55.15 |
| 424 | 38.56 | 16.63 | 46.81 | 55.19 |
| 440 | 41.57 | 20.3 | 35.66 | 61.87 |
| 450 | 35.05 | 22.5 | 42.45 | 57.55 |
Wherein, as can be seen from above-mentioned data, pyrolysis temperature is 410 ~ 440 DEG C time, and pyrolytic reaction transformation efficiency is higher, especially pyrolysis temperature at 418 DEG C and about 440 DEG C fluctuations time, the output of pyrolytic reaction transformation efficiency, fuel oil and combustion gas is best.
Experiment two:
Raw material: waste old;
Pyrolytical condition: pyrolysis temperature is 450 ~ 650 DEG C, adopts catalyzer;
First waste old is carried out fragmentation, to obtain the rubber mass grain that size is approximately 10mm*10mm, then, then, reclaim the steel wire in rubber mass grain by magnetic separator, and rubber micelle is delivered to pyrolytic reaction indoor, and make pyrolytic reaction under above-mentioned pyrolytical condition.Under different pyrolysis temperature environment, transformation efficiency and each product specific gravity data as follows:
| Pyrolysis temperature DEG C | Pyrolysis oil yield % | Pyrolysis gas % | Pyrolytic carbon black % | Transformation efficiency % |
| 450 | 45.9 | 10.1 | 43.9 | 56.1 |
| 500 | 49.5 | 11.7 | 38.8 | 61.2 |
| 550 | 43.5 | 15.1 | 41.3 | 58.7 |
| 600 | 43.1 | 17.6 | 39.3 | 60.7 |
| 650 | 41.1 | 20.1 | 38.8 | 61.2 |
Can be found by upper table data, adopt the transformation efficiency of the pyrolytic reaction of catalyzer greatly between 56% ~ 62%, the present invention does not adopt the method for pyrolysis of catalyzer, and its converting rate also roughly can maintain about 60%, substantially can realize the transformation efficiency of catalyse pyrolysis technique in the past.The present invention avoids adopting expensive catalyzer, greatly reduces the production cost of pyrolytic process, and avoids the hidden danger affecting pyrolytic reaction efficiency because of catalyst failure; In addition, the temperature reached needed for pyrolytic reaction of the present invention and pressure comparatively common process also have obvious reduction, as everyone knows, temperature is higher, the difficulty realizing the stopping property of equipment is larger, and the present invention, by reducing pyrolysis temperature, makes the sealing property of pyrolytic reaction equipment more easily realize, and the heat transfer technology of low temperature pyrogenation technique is easier to realize, device security coefficient significantly improves.
Experiment three:
Respectively the flue gas heat-supplying mode of pyrolytic reaction outdoor is arranged in following four kinds:
1) " front end is entered, then bring out ";
2) " rear end is entered, front bring out ";
3) " centre is entered, and two bring out ";
4) " two ends are entered, and centre goes out ".
Wherein, described " front end " representative is near the position of material inlet, and the position of the close gaseous phase outlet of described " rear end " representative or solid-phase outlet, " centre " represents the middle part in horizontal reacting storehouse.
See shown in Fig. 5 to Fig. 8, it is the temperature distribution schematic diagram in above-mentioned four kinds of modes in reaction warehouse in the height direction and on axial direction due respectively.Wherein, x represents pyrolytic reaction room coordinate axially, and x=0.5m represents feed end position, and x=8.0m then represents discharging end position; Y represents the coordinate in the short transverse of pyrolytic reaction room, and y=0m represents the position of the central shaft of pyrolytic reaction room, and y=± 0.5m then represents the indoor position near inner tube wall of pyrolytic reaction; By that analogy.
Fig. 5 is the temperature distribution schematic diagram of " front end is entered, then bring out " flue gas circulation style.As can be seen from the figure, in the process of mass transport, pyrolytic reaction indoor temperature change generated in case trend has fluctuation, and pyrolysis gas has cooling situation, easily causes pyrolysis gas to condense and is attached on solid product.
Fig. 6 is the temperature distribution schematic diagram of " two ends are entered, centre go out " flue gas circulation style.As can be seen from the figure, in the process of mass transport, pyrolytic reaction room temp rises always, and pyrolysis gas is without high-temperature zone, but pyrolysis gas has significant hypothermal, equally easily causes pyrolysis gas to condense and is attached on solid product.
Fig. 7 is the temperature distribution schematic diagram of " centre is entered, two bring out " flue gas circulation style.As can be seen from the figure, in the process of mass transport, pyrolytic reaction room temp has intensification and lowers the temperature, and pyrolysis gas exists high-temperature zone, the phenomenon of pyrolysis gas second pyrolysis easily occurs, is unfavorable for the production capacity of pyrolysis gas.
Fig. 8 is the temperature distribution schematic diagram of " rear end is entered, front bring out " flue gas circulation style.As can be seen from the figure, in the process of mass transport, pyrolytic reaction room temp heats up always, and there is fluctuation local, pyrolysis gas homogeneous temperature, thus effectively can control the second pyrolysis of pyrolysis gas, guarantees the production capacity of pyrolysis gas.
Municipal wastes anaerobism pyrolysis processing technique provided by the present invention is under the condition not adopting expensive catalyzer, the pyrolytic reaction of waste material is realized with lower temperature, and obtain higher, the colory pyrolysis product of transformation efficiency, effective reduction process costs lift technique security, achieve the second stage employ of the energy.
In organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device of the present invention, system and method, by arranging the feeding unit 2 driven without the need to the additional configuration external world, carry out the conveying function of material in realization response storehouse 10, wherein, due to the existence of the frictional force between this feeding unit 2 and inwall of described reaction warehouse 10, do in the process rotated at described reaction warehouse 10, this feeding unit 2 is constantly lifted and is possessed certain potential energy, potential energy is utilized to become the principle of kinetic energy, this feeding unit 2 just can follow the rotation that described reaction warehouse 10 makes roughly Constant Linear Velocity, thus the conveying function of material in realization response storehouse 10, conveying structure of the present invention without the need to special configuration in order to drive the drive unit of feeding unit, thus reduce the energy consumption of pyrolysis plant, and reduce manufacture and the maintenance cost of pyrolysis plant, on the other hand, this feeding unit 2 is in contact condition all the time with reaction warehouse 10 inwall, it has the function of the coking on the inwall of cleaning reaction storehouse concurrently, thus avoid additional cleaning agency, under the prerequisite of simplified apparatus structure, improve the elimination effect of coking in reaction warehouse, thus guarantee that organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device and system can realize the application in industry.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when not deviating from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from which point, all should embodiment be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited by claims instead of above-mentioned explanation, and all changes be therefore intended in the implication of the equivalency by dropping on claim and scope are included in the present invention.Any Reference numeral in claim should be considered as the claim involved by limiting.
In addition, be to be understood that, although this specification sheets is described according to embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification sheets is only for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should by specification sheets integrally, and the technical scheme in each embodiment also through appropriately combined, can form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Claims (20)
1. an organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, is characterized in that, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device comprises:
Reaction warehouse, described reaction warehouse is in order to change into multiple pyrolysis product by organic materials by pyrolytic reaction; Described reaction warehouse has material inlet, gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet, and described material inlet is in order to import described organic materials, and described gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet are in order to derive described pyrolysis product;
Heating cabinet, described heating cabinet is coated on the periphery of described reaction warehouse, and described heating cabinet is in order to provide the heat energy in described reaction warehouse needed for pyrolytic reaction;
Driving mechanism, described driving mechanism makes synchronous rotary in order to drive described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet;
Feeding unit, described feeding unit is placed in described reaction warehouse, and the diameter of this feeding unit is less than the diameter of described reaction warehouse, the weight of described feeding unit carried by the inwall that described reaction warehouse extends along the axis direction of this reaction warehouse, and described feeding unit makes directional transmissions in order to realize material in described reaction warehouse.
2. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described feeding unit is spirrillum, and described feeding unit comprises a screw shaft extended along the axis direction of described reaction warehouse and the spirane structure be formed on described screw shaft.
3. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the spiral shell footpath of described spirane structure is than between 0.2 ~ 2.0.
4. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device also comprises one and is arranged at stopping mechanism in described reaction warehouse, described screw shaft has first end and the second end on the axis direction of described reaction warehouse, described feeding unit is in order to make directional transmissions from first end to the second end by material, and described stopping mechanism is in order to lean with described first end.
5. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described stopping mechanism comprises the stopper section in order to lean with described first end and the connection section in order to fixing described stopper section, described connection section is connected between the inwall of described stopper section and described reaction warehouse, described stopping mechanism is provided with one or more through hole in order to the material that circulates.
6. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described the second end is provided with between described solid-phase outlet and the end of gaseous phase outlet in the course of conveying of material and on described reaction warehouse exists a determining deviation.
7. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device comprises the first cylindrical shell, be coated on the second cylindrical shell of described first cylindrical shell periphery and be coated on the 3rd cylindrical shell of described second cylindrical shell periphery, described reaction warehouse is formed in described first cylindrical shell, form described heating cabinet between first, second cylindrical shell described, form one between second, third cylindrical shell described in order to realize the thermal insulation barn of described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet insulation.
8. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described thermal insulation barn is by filling the insulation being incubated material or vacuumizing mode realization response storehouse and heating cabinet.
9. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, some spacer portion described heating cabinet being separated into multiple sub-heating cabinet are connected with between first, second cylindrical shell described, described spacer portion extends to form along the axis direction of described reaction warehouse, and described spacer portion carries out concentrating transmission in order to realize heat in described sub-heating cabinet.
10. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pyrolysis treatment device also comprises the hot cigarette inlet pipe that is communicated in described heating cabinet and hot cigarette goes out pipe, described hot cigarette inlet pipe and hot cigarette go out pipe and are arranged at the both ends place of described heating cabinet on the axis direction of described reaction warehouse respectively, between described hot cigarette inlet pipe and described heating cabinet, and described hot cigarette goes out between pipe and described heating cabinet to arrange smoke impervious mechanism respectively, described smoke impervious mechanism goes out the sealing between pipe and the heating cabinet of kinestate in order to the hot cigarette inlet pipe and hot cigarette realizing stationary state.
11. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment devices according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described hot cigarette inlet pipe is arranged at the side end away from described material inlet on described heating cabinet, and described hot cigarette inlet pipe is positioned at the bottom of described heating cabinet; Described hot cigarette goes out the side end that pipe is arranged at close described material inlet on described heating cabinet, and described hot cigarette goes out the top that pipe is positioned at described heating cabinet.
12. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment devices according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device also comprises the discharge component that is connected to described reaction warehouse end, described discharge component offers described solid-phase outlet and gaseous phase outlet, be provided with corresponding containment member between described discharge component to described reaction warehouse, described discharge component is in order to realize the stationary state of described solid-phase outlet and gaseous phase outlet.
13. 1 kinds of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment devices, is characterized in that, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device comprises:
First cylindrical shell, one is formed in order to organic materials to be changed into the reaction warehouse of multiple pyrolysis product by pyrolytic reaction in described first cylindrical shell, described reaction warehouse has material inlet, gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet, described material inlet is in order to import described organic materials, and described gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet are in order to derive described pyrolysis product;
Second cylindrical shell, described second cylindrical shell is coated on the periphery of described first cylindrical shell, forms a heating cabinet between first, second cylindrical shell described, and described heating cabinet is in order to provide the heat energy in described reaction warehouse needed for pyrolytic reaction;
3rd cylindrical shell, described 3rd cylindrical shell is coated on the periphery of described second cylindrical shell, and described 3rd cylindrical shell is in order to realize the insulation of described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet;
Driving mechanism, described driving mechanism makes synchronous rotary in order to drive described first cylindrical shell, the second cylindrical shell and the 3rd cylindrical shell;
And feeding unit, described feeding unit is placed in described reaction warehouse, described feeding unit comprises a screw shaft extended along the axis direction of described reaction warehouse and the spirane structure be formed on described screw shaft, the diameter of described feeding unit is less than the diameter of described reaction warehouse, the weight of described feeding unit carried by the inwall that described reaction warehouse extends along the axis direction of this reaction warehouse, and described feeding unit makes directional transmissions in order to realize material in described reaction warehouse.
14. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment devices according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device also comprises one and is arranged at stopping mechanism in described reaction warehouse, described screw shaft has first end and the second end on the axis direction of described reaction warehouse, described feeding unit is in order to make directional transmissions from described first end to described the second end by material, and described stopping mechanism is in order to lean with described first end.
15. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment devices according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described stopping mechanism comprises the stopper section in order to lean with described first end and the connection section in order to fixing described stopper section, described connection section is connected between the inwall of described stopper section and described reaction warehouse, described stopping mechanism is provided with one or more through hole in order to the material that circulates.
16. organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment devices according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, be connected with some spacer portion described heating cabinet being separated into multiple sub-heating cabinet between first, second cylindrical shell described, described spacer portion extends to form along the axis direction of described reaction warehouse.
17. 1 kinds of organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment systems, is characterized in that, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment systems comprises:
Organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, in order to realize the pyrolytic reaction of organic materials to produce multiple pyrolysis product;
Feeding unit, described feeding unit is connected with described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, and is directed in described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device again in order to organic raw material to be carried out pre-treatment;
And drawing mechanism, described drawing mechanism is connected with described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, and in order to pyrolysis product is derived from described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device;
Wherein, described organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device comprises reaction warehouse, heating cabinet, driving mechanism and feeding unit, and described reaction warehouse is in order to change into multiple pyrolysis product by organic materials by pyrolytic reaction; Described reaction warehouse has material inlet, gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet, and described material inlet is in order to import described organic materials, and described gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet are in order to derive described pyrolysis product; Described heating cabinet is coated on the periphery of described reaction warehouse, and described heating cabinet is in order to provide the heat energy in described reaction warehouse needed for pyrolytic reaction; Described driving mechanism makes synchronous rotary in order to drive described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet; Described feeding unit is placed in described reaction warehouse, and the diameter of this feeding unit is less than the diameter of described reaction warehouse, the weight of described feeding unit carried by the inwall that described reaction warehouse extends along the axis direction of this reaction warehouse, and described feeding unit makes directional transmissions in order to realize material in described reaction warehouse.
18. 1 kinds of pyrolysis treating methods applying organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device, described device comprises reaction warehouse, heating cabinet, driven unit and conveying assembly, and described reaction warehouse has material inlet, gaseous phase outlet and solid-phase outlet; Described heating cabinet is coated on the periphery of described reaction warehouse, and described heating cabinet is in order to provide the heat energy in described reaction warehouse needed for pyrolytic reaction; Described driving mechanism makes synchronous rotary in order to drive described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet; Described feeding unit is placed in described reaction warehouse, and the diameter of this feeding unit is less than the diameter of described reaction warehouse, the weight of described feeding unit carried by the inwall that described reaction warehouse extends along the axis direction of this reaction warehouse, and described feeding unit makes directional transmissions in order to realize material in described reaction warehouse; It is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
S1, will treat that the organic solid waste of pyrolysis processing carries out break process;
S2, by described heating cabinet give described reaction warehouse provide heat energy, to reach the temperature needed for pyrolytic reaction; And drive described reaction warehouse and heating cabinet to make synchronous rotary by driving mechanism;
S3, the organic materials after break process is directed in described reaction warehouse from described material inlet, and by described conveying assembly, organic materials is carried out directional transmissions in described reaction warehouse, in described reaction warehouse, there is pyrolytic reaction and change into multiple pyrolysis product in described organic materials; Wherein, the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 350 ~ 450 DEG C, and the air pressure in described reaction warehouse is higher than standard atmospheric pressure, and the air pressure in described reaction warehouse and the difference of standard atmospheric pressure are between 0 ~ 150Pa, and described pyrolytic reaction does not adopt catalyzer;
S4, solid product is exported to described reaction warehouse from described solid-phase outlet; And gaseous product is exported to described reaction warehouse from described gaseous phase outlet.
19. pyrolysis treating methods as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that, the temperature range of described pyrolytic reaction is: 410 ~ 440 DEG C.
20. pyrolysis treating methods as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that, in described reaction warehouse, the transmission direction of material is contrary with the transmission direction of the heat source body in described heating cabinet.
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