CN106180136B - A kind of solid waste recovery processing technique - Google Patents
A kind of solid waste recovery processing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN106180136B CN106180136B CN201610554794.5A CN201610554794A CN106180136B CN 106180136 B CN106180136 B CN 106180136B CN 201610554794 A CN201610554794 A CN 201610554794A CN 106180136 B CN106180136 B CN 106180136B
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009384 sea disposal Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solid waste recovery processing technique, including solid waste pretreatment stage, pyrolysis phase, condensation phase, categorised collection stage；Specially：Solid waste is packed into aggregate bin, tentatively sieved, sort out magnetic metal, it crushes, it is sent into pyrolysis reactor to be pyrolyzed, steam, liquid distillate and the gas cooling generated after being pyrolyzed by water cooling tank will condense into the component collection of liquid in water cooling tank, condensed gas is subjected to low-temperature liquefaction by liquefying plant and is collected, the solid residue obtained after pyrolysis is sent to grey separate hopper.Simplify solid waste treatment process, anaerobic heating is carried out by auger heating tube, simplify pyrolysis step, the solid, liquid, gas three-phase categorised collection that will be generated after pyrolysis, respectively obtain gaseous fuel, liquid fuel and the solid available for construction material, Waste disposal is reduced, is made full use of the natural resources, and reduce the discharge of harmful substance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection technical fields, are specifically related to a kind of solid waste recovery processing technique.
Background technology
With the continuous development of industrial economy, a large amount of industrial refuses can not be by timely processing, the industrial refuse overwhelming majority
Two kinds of forms of solid-state castoff and liquid waste, wherein containing the huge sum of money such as a large amount of poisonous and harmful substance, arsenic, copper, chromium, mercury
Belong to, irreversible destruction will be caused to periphery soil property environment, atmospheric environment etc. by dealing with improperly.Biomass pyrogenation gasification technology is
A kind of process that solid-state biomass is converted to gaseous fuel by thermal chemical reaction, gaseous product both can be used for power generation,
Gas supply, can be used for central heating.But there is fuel gases calorific value is low, tar content is high, waste water is difficult for traditional gasification technology
In the processing the problems such as, particularly fuel gases calorific value is low, high tar content is even more main problem that current biomass gasification technology faces.
Processing and disposition to solid waste, common at present mainly has landfill, burning, curing and chemical stabilization processing
The methods of.Landfill method can be divided into two major class of sea disposal and disposal by land again：Sea disposal is broadly divided into ocean dumping and ocean
Two methods are burned, there are many ways to disposal by land, including landfill, soil cultivating, deep well injection etc..Burning method：
Under hot conditions, oxidation operation is made to resolve into small molecule.In order to reach complete oxidation, it is necessary to prevent the oxidation that may occur not
The reactions such as complete or synthesis cause to avoid with control imperfect combustion product and pernicious gas (such as CO, HC, HCl, SOx)
Secondary pollution.The thermal energy generated is burned, can be used to produce steam or electric energy, it can also be used to the needs of heating or production.Common
Incinerator has open type and multiple-chamber type.The former is suitable for the easy decomposition of processing high heat, evaporable waste, prevents from burning
It explodes in the process.The latter's (being carried out in the presence of high temperature and anaerobic or very little oxygen) can be more economical utilize heat.For
The processing of oily solid waste, using pyrolysismethod than burning method advantageously.Because pyrolysismethod carries out in confined conditions, seldom
Pollution problem is generated, processing capacity is big, and fuel can be solved by itself, and the products such as also recyclable oils, expense is about burned
The 27% of expense.Curing and chemical stabilization processing：Harmful solid waste is fixed by physico-chemical process or is included in lazy
A kind of innocent treatment procedure in property curing substrate.The purpose of curing process is to make all pollutant component presentationizations in waste
It learns and inertia or is contained, to transport, utilization or disposition.Ideal cured product should have good permeability resistance, good
Good mechanical property and anti-leaching, anti-dry and wet, freeze thawing resistance characteristic.Such cured product can be filled out directly in safe soil
Bury field disposition.It also is used as the basic material of building or the roadbed material of road.In China, curing is mainly for the treatment of putting
Penetrating property waste.For handling oil-containing solids waste still among research.
Now, the dual-pressure of facing mankind economic growth and environmental protection.Actively finding more environmentally-friendly New Energy
Source, while developing new energy city, implement novel energy strategy, we also more need to reduce on the basis of the existing energy
Waste reduces environmental pollution.Recycling is realized to solid waste, is played to alleviate resource scarcity, reducing environmental pollution
Certain positive effect.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of solid waste recovery processing techniques, and solid waste is realized
Recycling alleviates resource scarcity, reduces environmental pollution.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of solid waste recovery processing technique, including solid waste pretreatment stage, pyrolysis phase, condensation rank
Section, categorised collection stage；The solid waste pretreatment stage is that solid waste is packed into aggregate bin, passes through screening plant
Solid waste is tentatively sieved, then is sorted out the magnetic metal in solid waste with magnetic separator, the magnetic separation
Device is arranged on above the screening plant, can be siphoned away magnetic metal when solid waste passes through conveyer belt, will be surplus
Remaining solid waste is crushed with crusher, the solid waste pre-processed, and the solid waste of pretreatment is passed through biography
Defeated device is sent into pyrolysis reactor and is pyrolyzed, and the pyrolysis phase is by institute in solid waste by way of anaerobic heating
Comprising organic material to carry out chemical breakdown residual to form steam, liquid distillate (comprising oil, resin, heavy hydrocarbon), gas and solid
The process of excess (including carbon)；Then, thermal decomposition gas enters condensation phase, and the condensation phase is will be by by water cooling tank
Steam, liquid distillate and the gas cooling generated after pyrolysis subsequently into the categorised collection stage, will condense in water cooling tank
Ingredient (including synthetic oil) into liquid collects, for industrial energy；Condensed gas is carried out by liquefying plant
Low-temperature liquefaction simultaneously collects, and uses for industrial generation or house (use for being included in household gas range), is obtained after pyrolysis
Solid residue grey separate hopper is sent to by conveyer, as structural material or other purposes.
Further, the screening plant mainly uses manual mode by non magnetic non-ferrous metal, cullet, concrete
It screens.
Further, the screening plant includes one with horizontal plane into the conveyer belt of 30 ° of angle, conveyer belt upper end and
Aggregate bin connects.
Further, in the pyrolysis reactor there are two auger heating tube, the reaction temperature in pyrolysis reactor
At 420-480 DEG C, belong to low temperature pyrogenation, can increase gas output if temperature is excessively high, liquid output is reduced, and is unfavorable for condensing.
Further, the pyrolysis reactor is cylindrical seal metal can, horizontal positioned, can be by support device in water
It square is rotated to upper edge central shaft, manhole cover is equipped with above cylindrical seal metal can, left end is equipped with feed inlet, right end and pipe
Road communicates, and bottom surface is equipped with discharge port.
Further, it is additionally provided in the pyrolysis reactor：Pressure gauge, thermometer, safety valve, thermocouple, in order to
The work in every parameter of pyrolysis reactor is controlled；The outer surface of pyrolysis reactor is super-insulating material layer, to prevent heat
Loss.
Further, thermometer, relief valve and drain valve are equipped in the water cooling tank.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention enormously simplifies existing solid waste treatment process, passes through spiral
Agitating and heating pipe carries out anaerobic heating, and pyrolysis reactor good heat insulating, thermal losses is small, without setting too high-temperature, without pre-
Heat simplifies pyrolysis step, the solid, liquid, gas three-phase generated after the solid waste of solid waste especially high-carbon is pyrolyzed
Categorised collection respectively obtains gaseous fuel, liquid fuel and the solid available for construction material, and is efficiently used, greatly
Big less Waste disposal, maximally utilises natural resources, and reduce the discharge of harmful substance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment come to the present invention be further described in detail：
A kind of solid waste recovery processing technique as shown in Figure 1, including solid waste pretreatment stage, pyrolysis rank
Section, condensation phase, categorised collection stage；The solid waste pretreatment stage is that solid waste is packed into aggregate bin, is led to
It crosses screening plant tentatively to be sieved solid waste, the screening plant mainly will be non magnetic coloured using manual mode
Metal, cullet, concrete screen, and the screening plant includes one with horizontal plane into the conveyer belt of 30 ° of angle, passes
Band upper end is sent to connect with aggregate bin；The magnetic metal in solid waste is sorted out with magnetic separator again, the magnetic separator is set
It puts above the screening plant, magnetic metal can be siphoned away when solid waste passes through conveyer belt, it will be remaining
Solid waste is crushed with crusher, the solid waste pre-processed, and the solid waste of pretreatment is filled by transmitting
It puts feeding pyrolysis reactor to be pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis phase is will be included in solid waste by way of anaerobic heating
Organic material carry out chemical breakdown to form steam, liquid distillate (comprising oil, resin, heavy hydrocarbon), gas and solid residue
The process of (including carbon)；There are two auger heating tube in the pyrolysis reactor, the reaction temperature in pyrolysis reactor exists
420-480 DEG C, belong to low temperature pyrogenation, can increase gas output if temperature is excessively high, liquid output is reduced, and is unfavorable for condensing；Institute
Pyrolysis reactor is stated as cylindrical seal metal can, it is horizontal positioned, support device upper edge central shaft in the horizontal direction can be passed through
It rotates, manhole cover is equipped with above cylindrical seal metal can, left end is equipped with feed inlet, and right end is communicated with pipeline, and bottom surface is equipped with out
Material mouth；It is additionally provided in the pyrolysis reactor：Pressure gauge, thermometer, safety valve, thermocouple, in order to pyrolysis reactor
Work in every parameter controlled；The outer surface of pyrolysis reactor is super-insulating material layer, to prevent heat loss；Then, it is hot
It decomposes gas and enters condensation phase, the condensation phase is steam, the liquid distillate generated after being pyrolyzed by water cooling tank
And gas cooling, the water cooling tank is interior to be equipped with thermometer, relief valve and drain valve；It, will subsequently into the categorised collection stage
The ingredient that liquid is condensed into water cooling tank collects (comprising synthetic oil), for industrial energy；By condensed gas
Low-temperature liquefaction is carried out by liquefying plant and is collected, for industrial generation or house (use for being included in household gas range)
It uses, the solid residue obtained after pyrolysis is sent to grey separate hopper by conveyer, as structural material or other purposes.
The present invention enormously simplifies existing solid waste treatment process, and anaerobic heating, pyrolysis are carried out by auger heating tube
Reactor good heat insulating, thermal losses is small, without setting too high-temperature, without preheating, pyrolysis step is simplified, by solid waste
The solid, liquid, gas three-phase categorised collection generated after the solid waste pyrolysis of object especially high-carbon, respectively obtains gaseous fuel, liquid
Fluid fuel and the solid available for construction material, and efficiently used, significantly less Waste disposal maximally utilises
Natural resources, and reduce the discharge of harmful substance.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of solid waste recovery processing technique, which is characterized in that including solid waste pretreatment stage, pyrolysis rank
Section, condensation phase, categorised collection stage；The solid waste pretreatment stage is that solid waste is packed into aggregate bin, is led to
It crosses screening plant tentatively to be sieved solid waste, then is sorted out the magnetic metal in solid waste with magnetic separator
Come, remaining solid waste is crushed with crusher, the solid waste pre-processed, by the solid waste of pretreatment
Pyrolysis reactor is sent by transmitting device to be pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis phase is by solid waste by way of anaerobic heating
Organic material included in object carries out chemical breakdown to form steam, liquid distillate, gas and the process of solid residue；It connects
It, thermal decomposition gas enters condensation phase, and the condensation phase is steam, the liquid generated after being pyrolyzed by water cooling tank
Fraction and gas cooling subsequently into the categorised collection stage, will condense into the component collection of liquid in water cooling tank,
For industrial energy；Condensed gas by liquefying plant low-temperature liquefaction and collect, for industrial generation or
Residential usage, the solid residue obtained after pyrolysis are sent to grey separate hopper by conveyer, as structural material or other
Purpose；
The screening plant is mainly screened non magnetic non-ferrous metal, cullet, concrete using manual mode；
The screening plant includes one with horizontal plane into the conveyer belt of about 30 ° of angle, and conveyer belt upper end connects with aggregate bin；
There are two auger heating tubes in the pyrolysis reactor；
The pyrolysis reactor be cylindrical seal metal can, it is horizontal positioned, can by support device in the horizontal direction upper edge its
Center axis rotation is equipped with manhole cover above cylindrical seal metal can, and left end is equipped with feed inlet, and right end is communicated with pipeline, bottom surface
Equipped with discharge port；
It is additionally provided in the pyrolysis reactor：Pressure gauge, thermometer, safety valve, thermocouple, in order to pyrolysis reactor
Work in every parameter is controlled；The outer surface of pyrolysis reactor is super-insulating material layer, to prevent heat loss；
Thermometer, relief valve and drain valve are equipped in the water cooling tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610554794.5A CN106180136B (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | A kind of solid waste recovery processing technique |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610554794.5A CN106180136B (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | A kind of solid waste recovery processing technique |
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| CN106180136A CN106180136A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| CN106180136B true CN106180136B (en) | 2018-07-06 |
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| CN107274952B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2023-08-29 | 北京碧海能源装备有限公司 | Treatment system of medium-low radioactivity nuclear waste and power generation system with same |
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| CN112725012A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-30 | 成都前成科技有限公司 | Production method of etherified oxygenated deep-processing waste plastic oil |
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| CN113399431B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2022-08-23 | 康维杰 | Solid waste treatment method and treatment device |
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| CN106180136A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
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