CN105663614A - 一种含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105663614A CN105663614A CN201610187008.2A CN201610187008A CN105663614A CN 105663614 A CN105663614 A CN 105663614A CN 201610187008 A CN201610187008 A CN 201610187008A CN 105663614 A CN105663614 A CN 105663614A
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Abstract
本发明属于中药领域,特别是涉及一种含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物,所述药物组合物包括如下中药材:艾叶、苏木、银杏叶、苦石莲、毛冬青、山楂、薤白、络石藤、红豆、枳壳、黑芝麻、山药和甘草。本发明采用天然中药,毒副作用小,并且开发成方便服用的成品制剂后,生产工艺简单,疗效显著,普遍适用性好,易于推广应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及一种含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物。
背景技术
血瘀证是指体内有血液停滞,包括血运不畅阻滞于经脉、络脉或脏腑,或离经之血积于体内所致的症候。引起血瘀的原因有三种:一是外伤而没有伤口仅在局部造成瘀块肿痛;二是血液运行不畅或无力;三是受寒气或热气影响,导致血液滞留。血瘀证以刺痛不移,拒按,肿块,出血,唇舌爪甲紫暗,脉涩等为辨证要点。血瘀症可见于很多种疾病,如胸痹心痛、冠心病、中风、脑血管病、肝病、肝纤维化和不孕症等疾病。活血化瘀,是指用具有消散作用的、或能攻逐体内瘀血的药物治疗瘀血病证的方法,有通畅血脉,消散瘀滞,调经止痛的作用。适用范围包括瘀阻于肺所致的胸痛咳血;瘀阻于肝所致的胁痛痞块;瘀阻于胞宫所致的小腹疼、月经不调、痛经等;瘀阻于肢体所致的局部肿痛青紫和瘀阻于脉络所致的半身不遂等。
中医药为我国的传统瑰宝,其在治疗血瘀方面积累了丰富的临床经验和治疗理论。中国专利申请201310147074.3的发明专利公开了一种活血化瘀中药组合物,该中药组合物由以下原料组成:灯盏细辛、丹参、红花、没药、木通、独活和三七组成。该中药组合物成分简单,但是该药物治疗周期较长,疗效一般。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物,该药物组合物具有活血化瘀功效,能有效治疗血瘀。
本发明所述的含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:艾叶25-32份、苏木23-29份、银杏叶18-23份、苦石莲16-21份、毛冬青18-25份、山楂15-19份、薤白13-18份、络石藤11-17份、红豆15-20份、枳壳13-19份、黑芝麻13-19份、山药12-18份和甘草6-15份。
优选地,所述的药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:艾叶25份、苏木23份、银杏叶18份、苦石莲16份、毛冬青18份、山楂15份、薤白13份、络石藤11份、红豆15份、枳壳13份、黑芝麻13份、山药12份和甘草6份。
进一步优选,所述的药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:艾叶32份、苏木29份、银杏叶23份、苦石莲21份、毛冬青25份、山楂19份、薤白18份、络石藤17份、红豆20份、枳壳19份、黑芝麻19份、山药18份和甘草15份。
更进一步优选,所述的药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:艾叶29份、苏木26份、银杏叶21份、苦石莲19份、毛冬青22份、山楂17份、薤白16份、络石藤15份、红豆16份、枳壳15份、黑芝麻15份、山药16份和甘草9份。
相应的,本发明还提供所述药物组合物的制备方法,包括下述步骤:
步骤(1)、按本发明中药组方称取各味中药材;
步骤(2)、将艾叶、苏木、银杏叶、苦石莲、毛冬青、山楂,分别粉碎,混合后加药材总重量7-11倍量的浓度为65-75%乙醇,浸泡6-12小时,回流,提取2次,每次2-5小时,过滤并保留滤渣,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,浓缩至55-60℃相对密度为1.20-1.25的浓缩液,备用;
步骤(3)、将薤白、络石藤、红豆、枳壳、黑芝麻、山药和甘草分别粉碎,和步骤(2)所述的滤渣混合后加入药材总重量6-9倍量的水,煎煮2-3次,每次1-3小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至55-60℃相对密度为1.20-1.25的浓缩液,备用;
步骤(4)、将步骤(2)和(3)中制得的浓缩液合并,混合均匀,继续减压浓缩至55-60℃相对密度为1.30-1.35的稠膏,即为中药浸膏;
步骤(5)、添加适当的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术,将步骤(4)所得中药浸膏制成临床需要的中药成品制剂,例如片剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂或胶囊剂等剂型。
本发明中药组方所用中药材的来源、性味、归经及功效:
艾叶:本品为菊科植物艾的干燥叶。味辛、苦,性温;归肝、脾、肾经;散寒止痛,温经止血。
苏木:本品为豆科植物苏木的干燥心材。味甘、咸,性平;归心、肝经;行血破瘀,消肿止痛。
银杏叶:本品为银杏树的叶子。味甘、苦,性平;归心、肺经;活血化瘀,通络止痛,敛肺平喘,化浊降脂。
苦石莲:为豆科植物南蛇芳的种子。味苦,性寒;归心、脾、肾三经;散瘀止痛,清热去湿。
毛冬青:为冬青科植物毛冬青的根。味微苦甘,性平;归肺、肝、大肠经;清热解毒,活血通脉。
山楂:为蔷薇科植物山楂或野山楂的果实。味酸甘,性微温;归脾、胃、肝三经;消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫。
薤白:为百合科植物小根蒜或薤的鳞茎。味辛苦,性温;归手阳明经;理气宽胸,通阳散结。
络石藤:为夹竹桃科植物络石的茎、叶。味苦,性寒;入肝、肾经;祛风通络,止血消瘀。
红豆:为豆科植物红豆树的种子。味苦,性平;归心、小肠经;理气,通经。
枳壳:为芸香科植物枸橘、酸橙、香圆等将近成熟的果实。味辛,性寒;入肺、脾、大肠经;破气,行痰,消积。
黑芝麻:为脂麻科植物脂麻的种子。味甘,性平;归肝、肺、肾经;补肝肾,益精血,润肠燥。
山药:为薯蓣科植物薯蓣的块茎。味甘,性温;归肺、脾、肾三经,补脾养胃,生津益肺,补肾涩精。
甘草:本品为豆科植物甘草、胀果甘草或光果甘草的干燥根。味甘,性平;归脾、胃、肺三经;补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。
本发明中药组方的组方分析
本发明中药组方是以艾叶、苏木为君药,行血破瘀,消肿止痛;以银杏叶、毛冬青、山楂为臣药,清热凉血,活血化瘀;以薤白、红豆、枳壳、黑芝麻、山药为佐药,破气消极,活血通脉,补肝肾,益经血;以甘草为使药,调和诸药性,使诸药协同配合,相辅相成,具有显著的活血化瘀效果。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下技术优势:
(1)本发明的药物组合物为天然纯中药制剂,毒副作用小,具有显著的活血化瘀功效,同时,本发明药物组合物中药组方简单,成本低;
(2)本发明药物组合物对血瘀证模型大鼠血小板聚集率和凝血四项指标的影响实验结果显示,本发明药物组合物对血瘀证大鼠的血小板聚集具有显著的抑制效果,同时对其凝血四项指标的水平也有显著的改善作用,说明本发明药物组合物具有显著的活血化瘀效果;
(3)本发明药物组合物治疗血瘀证临床志愿者患者的临床实验表明本发明药物组合物活血化瘀效果显著,用于治疗血瘀证疗效好,临床治愈率高。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式进一步描述本发明,但本发明不仅仅限于以下实施例。在本发明的范围内或者在不脱离本发明的内容、精神和范围内,对本发明所述的药物组合物进行适当改进、替换功效相同的组分,对于本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明的范围之内。
实施例1
本发明实施例1药物组合物包括包括如下重量份的中药材:艾叶25份,苏木23份,银杏叶18份,苦石莲16份,毛冬青18份,山楂15份,薤白13份,络石藤11份,红豆15份,枳壳13份,黑芝麻13份,山药12份,甘草6份。
制备方法:
步骤(1)、按本发明中药组方称取各味中药材;
步骤(2)、将艾叶、苏木、银杏叶、苦石莲、毛冬青、山楂,分别粉碎,混合后加药材总重量8倍量的浓度为75%乙醇,浸泡10小时,回流,提取2次,每次4小时,过滤并保留滤渣,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,浓缩至58℃相对密度为1.25的浓缩液,备用;
步骤(3)、将薤白、络石藤、红豆、枳壳、黑芝麻、山药和甘草分别粉碎,和步骤(2)所述的滤渣混合后加入药材总重量8倍量的水,煎煮3次,每次2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.25的浓缩液,备用;
步骤(4)、将步骤(2)和(3)中制得的浓缩液合并,混合均匀,继续减压浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.35的稠膏,即为中药浸膏;
步骤(5)、添加适当的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术,将步骤(4)所得中药浸膏制成颗粒剂,折合生药含量为0.54g生药/包颗粒剂。
实施例2
本发明实施例2药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:艾叶32份,苏木29份,银杏叶23份,苦石莲21份,毛冬青25份,山楂19份,薤白18份,络石藤17份,红豆20份,枳壳19份,黑芝麻19份,山药18份,甘草15份。
制备方法:
步骤(1)、按本发明中药组方称取各味中药材;
步骤(2)、将艾叶、苏木、银杏叶、苦石莲、毛冬青、山楂,分别粉碎,混合后加药材总重量8倍量的浓度为75%乙醇,浸泡10小时,回流,提取2次,每次4小时,过滤并保留滤渣,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,浓缩至58℃相对密度为1.25的浓缩液,备用;
步骤(3)、将薤白、络石藤、红豆、枳壳、黑芝麻、山药和甘草分别粉碎,和步骤(2)所述的滤渣混合后加入药材总重量8倍量的水,煎煮3次,每次2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.25的浓缩液,备用;
步骤(4)、将步骤(2)和(3)中制得的浓缩液合并,混合均匀,继续减压浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.35的稠膏,即为中药浸膏;
步骤(5)、添加适当的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术,将步骤(4)所得中药浸膏制成胶囊剂。
实施例3
本发明实施例3药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:艾叶29份,苏木26份,银杏叶21份,苦石莲19份,毛冬青22份,山楂17份,薤白16份,络石藤15份,红豆16份,枳壳15份,黑芝麻15份,山药16份,甘草9份。
制备方法:同实施例2。
实施例4
本发明实施例4药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:艾叶29份,苏木26份,银杏叶21份,苦石莲19份,毛冬青22份,山楂17份,薤白16份,络石藤15份,红豆16份,枳壳15份,黑芝麻15份,山药16份,甘草9份。
制备方法:同实施例1。
本发明药物组合物的药效实验
一.实验材料
1.实验药物:本发明实例3制备的药物组合物胶囊剂,去胶囊壳后加水稀释制糊状。
2.实验动物:健康SD大鼠,体重0.22Kg-0.3Kg,由中山大学动物实验中心提供;大鼠自由摄取常规饲料和自来水,饲养室温度18℃-25。
3.阳性药物:复方血栓通胶囊(国药准字Z20030017,广东众生药业有限公司)。
二.实验方法
取健康SD大鼠60只,雌雄各半,体重180~220g,按体重分层随机分为6组,即空白对照组、模型对照组、复方血栓通胶囊组(1.2g/kg)、药物组合物高剂量组(1.2g/kg)、中剂量组(0.6g/kg)、低剂量组(0.3g/kg)。各组动物按上述剂量灌胃给药,空白对照组和模型对照组灌胃给予等体积生理盐水,1次/d,连续7d。除空白对照组以外的各组动物于第6天灌胃给药1h后皮下注射肾上腺素0.8mg/kg,注射肾上腺素2h后,将动物放入冰水中浸泡5min,2h后再次皮下注射肾上腺素0.8mg/kg进行血瘀证模型造模。第7天末次给药1h后,各组动物以乌拉坦按1g/kg的剂量腹腔注射进行麻醉,固定于解剖板上,行颈总动脉插管采血。测定大鼠的血小板聚集率、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)和纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量。
三.实验结果
表1本发明药物组合物对血瘀证大鼠血小板聚集的影响(x±s,n=10)
注:与正常对照比相比,ΔΔP<0.01;与模型对照组相比,*P<0.05,**P<0.05;与复方血栓通胶囊组相比,#P<0.05。
表2本发明药物组合物对血瘀证大鼠凝血四项指标的影响(x±s,n=10)
组别 | 剂量(g/kg) | PT(s) | APTT(s) | TT(s) | FIB(mg/dl) |
空白对照组 | 等体积生理盐水 | 13.58±1.52 | 18.69±2.20 | 25.71±2.64 | 2.38±1.10 |
模型对照组 | 等体积生理盐水 | 10.12±1.68ΔΔ | 15.08±2.68ΔΔ | 20.36±2.18ΔΔ | 4.66±1.32ΔΔ |
复方血栓通胶囊组 | 1.2 | 12.34±1.29* | 17.14±1.77* | 23.32±1.62* | 3.38±1.24** |
本发明高剂量组 | 1.2 | 13.25±0.67**# | 18.51±1.19**# | 25.52±2.01**# | 2.64±1.09**# |
本发明中剂量组 | 0.6 | 12.88±1.48* | 17.81±1.03* | 23.70±2.01* | 3.04±1.41** |
本发明低剂量组 | 0.3 | 12.22±1.16* | 17.44±1.29* | 22.88±2.98* | 3.72±1.31* |
注:与正常对照比相比,ΔΔP<0.01;与模型对照组相比,*P<0.05,**P<0.05;与复方血栓通胶囊组相比,#P<0.05。
从表1和表2的实验结果可以看出,本发明药物组合物对血瘀证大鼠的血小板聚集具有明显抑制作用(P<0.05),同时,高剂量组抑制血瘀证大鼠血小板聚集的效果要显著优于复方血栓通胶囊组(P<0.05),中低剂量组的抑制效果与复方血栓通胶囊组相当;本发明药物组合物可显著改善血瘀证大鼠凝血四项指标的水平(P<0.05),具有延长血瘀证大鼠凝血酶原时间、活化部分凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间和减少纤维蛋白原含量的作用,具有显著的抗凝效果。
本发明的药物组合物的临床实验
1、病例选择:在180例血瘀症临床患者志愿者中,男70例,女110例,年龄最小的23岁,最大的41岁,患病时长1-8年,全部患者均具有典型的血瘀症特征。
2、诊断依据:参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》(2010版)中的诊断标准评定:
主症:刺痛、痛有定处、拒按、脉络瘀血(诸如口唇、齿龈、爪甲紫暗,肤表赤缕,或腹部青筋外露),皮下瘀斑,癥积,离经之血,舌质紫暗或有瘀斑、瘀点,舌脉粗张,脉涩、无脉或沉弦、弦迟。
次症:肌肤甲错,肢体麻木或偏瘫。痴癫,狂躁,善忘,局部感觉异常,外伤史、手术史及人工流产史。
血瘀证主症2项,或主症1项、次症2项,即可诊断。
3、疗效评定标准:参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则》(2010版)中的诊断标准评定:
临床痊愈:血瘀的临床症状、体征消失或基本消失,证候积分减少≥95%;
显效:血瘀的临床症状、体征明显改善,证候积分减少≥70%;
有效:血瘀的临床症状、体征均有好转,证候积分减少≥30%;
无效:血瘀的临床症状、体征均无明显改善,甚或加重,证候积分减少不足30%。
4、实验方法:将180例临床志愿者患者随机分成分为治疗组和对照组两组,每组90人,对照组服用复方血栓通胶囊(国药准字Z20030017,广东众生药业有限公司),一次3粒,每天3次;治疗组服用本发明实施例3制备的本发明药物组合物胶囊剂,每天2次,每次2粒,两组均以10天为一疗程,3个疗程后评定效果。
5、治疗结果:见表3。
表3本发明药物组合物临床疗效
组别 | 例数 | 临床痊愈(率) | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 愈显率 | 总有效率 |
治疗组 | 90 | 78(86.67%) | 7 | 3 | 2 | 94.44% | 97.78% |
对照组 | 90 | 62(68.89%) | 8 | 8 | 12 | 77.78% | 86.67% |
从表3的结果可知,本发明药物组合物活血化瘀效果显著,治疗血瘀证的总有效率达97.78%,临床痊愈率(86.67%)和愈显率(94.44%)均明显优于对照组。因此可得结论:本发明药物组合物活血化瘀效果显著,用于治疗血瘀证疗效好,临床治愈率高。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:
2.根据权利要求1所述的含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:
3.根据权利要求1所述的含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:
4.根据权利要求1所述的含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包括如下重量份的中药材:
5.根据权利要求1所述的含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物被制成片剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂或胶囊剂。
6.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的含有艾叶的具有活血化瘀功能的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的制备方法包括下述步骤:
步骤(1)、按本发明中药组方称取各味中药材;
步骤(2)、将艾叶、苏木、银杏叶、苦石莲、毛冬青、山楂,分别粉碎,混合后加药材总重量7-11倍量的浓度为65-75%乙醇,浸泡6-12小时,回流提取2-3次,每次2-5小时,过滤并保留滤渣,合并滤液,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,浓缩至55-60℃相对密度为1.20-1.25的浓缩液,备用;
步骤(3)、将薤白、络石藤、红豆、枳壳、黑芝麻、山药和甘草分别粉碎,和步骤(2)所述的滤渣混合后加入药材总重量6-9倍量的水,煎煮2-3次,每次1-3小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至55-60℃相对密度为1.20-1.25的浓缩液,备用;
步骤(4)、将步骤(2)和(3)中制得的浓缩液合并,混合均匀,继续减压浓缩至55-60℃相对密度为1.30-1.35的稠膏,即为中药浸膏;
步骤(5)、添加适当的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术,将步骤(4)所得中药浸膏制成临床需要的中药成品制剂。
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