CN105660714B - The medicament for preventing and treating pear sucker and its application in prevention and treatment pear sucker - Google Patents
The medicament for preventing and treating pear sucker and its application in prevention and treatment pear sucker Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660714B CN105660714B CN201410670652.6A CN201410670652A CN105660714B CN 105660714 B CN105660714 B CN 105660714B CN 201410670652 A CN201410670652 A CN 201410670652A CN 105660714 B CN105660714 B CN 105660714B
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- pear sucker
- chenopodium ambrosiodies
- volatile oil
- total volatile
- prevention
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of medicament for preventing and treating pear sucker and its applications in prevention and treatment pear sucker, belong to biological pesticide technical field.The medicament of prevention and treatment pear sucker provided by the invention, has significant lethal effect to pear sucker adult, and compared with traditional pear sucker control method, the effective component of medicament of the invention can protect environment using rear drug residue free from chenopodium ambrosiodies；The orchard natural enemy of pear sucker, maintaining ecological balance are not murdered；Preparation cost is low, is conducive to the prevention and treatment for being largely used to orchard pear sucker.Therefore, result of study of the invention provides foundation for further research and extension chenopodium ambrosiodies biological agent, has far-reaching significance to the comprehensive treatment of the long term growth of ecological environment, human health and disease.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medicament for preventing and treating pear sucker and its applications in prevention and treatment pear sucker, belong to biological pesticide skill
Art field.
Background technique
Psylla Chinesis Yang Et Psylla chinensis Yang et Li belongs to Homoptera Psyllidae, also referred to as pear sucker,
It is extensive in distribution in China, it is one of most important pest in theatre, the insect pest in recent years is in North China, northeast even the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River
Theatre occurs seriously to become one of the key factor for influencing the operatic circle production.
The method of integrated control pear sucker has at present:
(1) cultural control: early spring and autumn end cleans orchard, scrapes bark combination basal dressing, fallen leaves, weeds cleaning is concentrated, together
Fertilizer is buried together.
(2) artificial physics are prevented and treated: at the beginning of pear sucker 2nd generation nymph, about 6 months by the end of May, 3-4 days time is concentrated,
Top 5-6 piece leaf or more part undeployed is plucked to not dormant young sprouts in positions such as tree head, back, peripheries, and immediately
It is buried.The tip is plucked at this time compared with conventional effect of chemical control, is equivalent to medication 2-3 times.
(3) biological control: the annual 6-7 month it can control the population quantity of pear sucker by the natural enemies such as angle line ladybug and flower stinkbug.
(4) fallen flowers phase chemical prevention: pears fallen flowers 95% or so, i.e. first generation nymph relatively concentrates the incubation period, is that pear sucker is anti-
The most critical period controlled.Select 10% imidacloprid, 4000~6000 times of liquid, 1.8% 2000~4000 times of love promise worm clear (acetamiprid)
Liquid, 5000-8000 times of 3.2% avermectin (No. 4) equal medicaments and concentration.But this phase is also the peak of theatre natural enemy insect
Phase, the application of chemical pesticide can kill a large amount of orchard natural enemy, can cause the rampant again of theatre pest；On the other hand, having
Forbid applying all kinds of chemical pesticides in machine theatre, it is necessary to the control of insect measure that can be substituted is found, if plant insecticide is one
The efficient environmental-friendly medicament of class.
In order to reduce control of insect means to the lethal effect of orchard natural enemy, orchard ecology balance is kept, organic fruit is adapted to
The development need in garden, plant insecticide become one of the important measures of effective biological control.Plant insecticide is one mostly
Class has the botanical secondary metabolite of insecticidal activity, can degrade in the natural environment, will not cause biological concentration phenomenon, right
Natural enemy and environment influence are small, and long-time service is not easy to produce drug resistance.At present China registration botanical biological pesticide it is effective
Ingredient has matrine, nicotine, rotenone, pyrethrin etc. more than 10.With the development of High Throughput Screening Assay, more and more tools
There is the plant secondary substance of insect resistace to be found, this makes the mankind recognize the huge latent of appliable plant secondary substance control pest
Power.Therefore, recent domestic is increasing to vegetable source pesticide mite killing object Quality Research.
Summary of the invention
In order to meet the needs of above-mentioned field, the present invention provides a kind of environmentally friendly medicament for preventing and treating pear sucker and prevention and treatment
The method of pear sucker.
The claimed technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Purposes of the chenopodium ambrosiodies in prevention and treatment pear sucker.
Purposes of the chenopodium ambrosiodies in the product of preparation prevention and treatment pear sucker.
Purposes of the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil in prevention and treatment pear sucker.
According to such use, the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil is prepared using chenopodium ambrosiodies as raw material using the way of distillation.
Purposes of the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil in the medicament of preparation prevention and treatment pear sucker, which is characterized in that the medicine of the medicament
Effect ingredient is chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil.
According to such use, the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil is prepared using the way of distillation.
According to such use, the way of distillation refers to steam distillation, including distillation, extraction, dehydration, solvent evaporation step
Suddenly.
A kind of medicament for preventing and treating pear sucker, which is characterized in that the effective component of the medicament is chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil.
A kind of medicament for preventing and treating pear sucker, which is characterized in that the effective component of the medicament includes chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil.
A method of prevention and treatment pear sucker, which is characterized in that after chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil and dish washing liquid are mixed with 1:1,
Using water as solvent, mixed liquor is diluted 2500 times, with atomizers spray on branch.
Chenopodium ambrosiodies is Chenopodiaceae genus Chenopodium, antipruritic and other effects with dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, desinsection, external curing skin eczema, skin
Skin itch.Through inventor the study found that chenopodium ambrosiodies has effects that prevent and treat pear sucker, it can be made into the product of prevention and treatment pear sucker, use
In the prevention and treatment of orchard pear sucker insect pest.
Further study show that chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil has better control efficiency to pear sucker.Indoor virulence test
Show that chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil has significant contact toxicity to pear sucker adult, the value of lethal concentration of 50 LD50 is 1.16 for 24 hours
μ g/ head.Field trial discovery, chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil have preferable control effect to pear sucker adult, after the 72h that sprays, soil
Schizonepeta total volatile oil is 41% to pear sucker adult controlling effect, is sprayed after 192h, the control effect to pear sucker adult is
35%.Chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil extracts from chenopodium ambrosiodies plant, belongs to plant insecticide, and there are no pollution to the environment, after use not
It can remain on fruit tree, protect human health；Secondly, chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil will not murder the orchard natural enemy of pear sucker, no
The ecological balance has been only maintained, the control efficiency of pear sucker in orchard is also improved；Again, chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil is as desinsection
Agent, the complicated multiplicity of effective component, makes pear sucker be not easy to develop drug resistance, can be used for a long time.
In some embodiments of the invention, the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil is prepared using the way of distillation.
In some embodiments of the invention, the way of distillation refers to steam distillation, including distillation, extraction, dehydration, molten
Agent evaporation step.
In some embodiments of the invention, the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil is prepared as follows: by 500-
The drying of 1000g chenopodium ambrosiodies plant, is crushed to 40-120 mesh, weighs smashed chenopodium ambrosiodies in 3000ml round-bottomed flask, add
1000-2000ml water after impregnating 2-4h, distills 3-4h with continuous still method, obtained oil water mixture is extracted with n-hexane
It takes, after extraction gains dehydration, concentration is evaporated under reduced pressure in 40-45 DEG C of water-bath with rotary evaporator, recycles n-hexane, institute
It is chenopodium ambrosiodies plant total volatile oil that oily liquid, which must be remained,.This method is simple and easy, and preparation cost is low, is conducive to industrial production,
Prevention and treatment for pear sucker insect pest.
In some embodiments of the invention, the medicament of pear sucker is prevented and treated, effective component is chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil.
According to the common technical knowledge of those skilled in the art, ability can also be added in the medicament of the above-mentioned prevention and treatment pear sucker of the present invention
Domain is well known to have the active other plant volatile oils of killing pear sucker or chemical substance.
The present invention provides a kind of method for preventing and treating pear sucker, after chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil and dish washing liquid are mixed with 1:1, with
Water dilutes 2500 times as solvent, by mixed liquor, with atomizers spray on branch.In some embodiments of the invention, originally
Field technical staff can also select other suitable solvents according to oneself common technical knowledge and experience, in conjunction with orchard pear sucker
The actual conditions that insect pest occurs, are diluted to suitable concentration for chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil, are sprayed on branch.
To sum up, the medicament of prevention and treatment pear sucker provided by the invention, has significant lethal effect to pear sucker adult, with biography
The pear sucker control method of system is compared, and the effective component of medicament of the invention derives from chenopodium ambrosiodies, uses rear drug residue free, energy
Enough protect environment；The orchard natural enemy of pear sucker, maintaining ecological balance are not murdered；Preparation cost is low, is conducive to be largely used to orchard
The prevention and treatment of pear sucker.On the other hand, the method for prevention and treatment pear sucker provided by the invention is simple and easy, and only chenopodium ambrosiodies always need to volatilize
Oil is diluted to required concentration with solvent, is manually or mechanically sprayed on fruit tree.Therefore, result of study of the invention is into one
Step research and extension chenopodium ambrosiodies biological agent provides foundation, to the long term growth of ecological environment, the health of the mankind and disease
Comprehensive treatment all has far-reaching significance.
Chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil: being also referred to as " chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil " in the present invention, refer to and use chenopodium ambrosiodies for raw material, with this
The mixture of volatile oil that the conventional means of plant total volatile oil extract is extracted in field, and ingredient is used according to those skilled in the art
The different of extraction process can difference.
Detailed description of the invention
The effect of Fig. 1 chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil field control pear sucker
Specific embodiment
The present invention is explained below in conjunction with specific embodiment, it should be noted that the following example is only as an example
Illustrate, scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Experimental material:
Psylla Chinesis Yang Et (Psylla chinensis Yang et Li) adult: picking up from Beijing and go in a big way prosperous emerging orchard, for public affairs
To know pear sucker population, has been documented in existing literature (Psylla Chinesis Yang Et present Research and prevention and treatment summary), also there is preservation in this laboratory,
Applicant's statement in 20 years, can provide to the public from the applying date and be used for necessary verification test.
Chenopodium ambrosiodies: come purchased from Guizhou Province Anshun west along herbal medicine row.
Chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil: method of the invention be suitable for volatility, can be with steam distillation without being destroyed, in water
The extraction of middle stabilization and indissoluble or medicinal ingredient not soluble in water.
The present invention prepares the method such as embodiment 1 of chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil.The not specified experiment reagent of the present invention is this
Field conventional reagent, or prepared and obtained using conventional method in that art, commercially available, specification is the pure grade in laboratory.
The preparation method of 1 chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil of embodiment
In the present invention, a kind of extracting method of chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil is provided, but for realizing the chenopodium ambrosiodies of the object of the invention essence
Oil is not limited to the extraction of this method.
500-1000g chenopodium ambrosiodies plant is dried, 40-120 mesh is crushed to, weighs smashed chenopodium ambrosiodies in 3000ml circle
In the flask of bottom, add 1000-2000ml water, after impregnating 2-4h, distills 3-4h with continuous still method, obtained oil water mixture is with just
Hexane is extracted, and after extraction gains dehydration, concentration is evaporated under reduced pressure in 40-45 DEG C of water-bath with rotary evaporator, returns
N-hexane is received, it is chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil that gained, which remains oily liquids,.
The indoor toxicity test of 2 chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil of embodiment
This experiment is using micro intravenous drip method measurement chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil to the contact toxicity of pear sucker, and its step are as follows:
(1) 12 porocyte culture plates are taken, in culture plate inner wall coating tetrafluoroethylene, electricity consumption blowing drying；By water and agar
It is mixed, is poured into 12 porocyte culture plates (every hole about 2-3ml) with being heated in micro-wave oven after the ratio mixing of 100:2, it is cooling
To solidification.
(2) circular blade is made in fresh pears leaf with the punch of diameter 19mm, the back side is placed on the training of agar upward
It supports on plate.
It (3) is 0.13%, 0.20%, 0.30%, 0.44% by chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil gradient dilution using acetone as solvent,
0.67%, 1.00%.
(4) healthy adult of the same size is selected on culture dish, and the medical fluid point sample that 0.5 μ l was diluted is in adult shirtfront
Backboard, processed adult are accessed on the circular blade in above-mentioned steps (2).5 repetitions, each repetition 10 is arranged in each concentration
Head test worm.Blank control group test worm acetone treatment.
(5) it records test worm The dead quantity afterwards for 24 hours, touches test worm with tweezers, dynamic person is denoted as work, extremely, then motionless person is denoted as
Calculate LD50.
The experimental results showed that chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil has significant lethal effect to pear sucker adult.Chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil is to pear wood
Lice adult for 24 hours lethal dose of 50 LD50 value be 1.16 μ g/ heads.
3 chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil field control pear sucker technology of embodiment
After chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil and dish washing liquid are mixed with 1:1, using water as solvent, mixed liquor is diluted 2500 times,
With the dedicated pesticide sprayer in orchard spray processing group branch (pears leaf front and back sides spray, be sprayed onto just have drip subject to), to be free of
There is the solvent of chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil to spray control group branch, 72h, 192h investigate the survival of pear sucker adult on branch after spray
Quantity calculates the death rate of pear sucker adult.
Field trial shows that chenopodium ambrosiodies essential oil has preferable control effect to pear sucker adult, after the 72h that sprays, native chaste tree
Mustard essential oil is 41% to the control efficiency of pear sucker adult, 192h after processing, and said preparation is to the control effect of pear sucker adult
35% (Fig. 1).
Claims (5)
1. purposes of the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil in prevention and treatment pear sucker.
2. purposes according to claim 1, the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil the preparation method is as follows: by 500-1000g soil
Nepeta cataria plant drying, is crushed to 40-120 mesh, weighs smashed chenopodium ambrosiodies in 3000ml round-bottomed flask, add 1000-
2000ml water after impregnating 2-4h, distills 3-4h with continuous still method, and obtained oil water mixture is extracted with n-hexane, is extracted
After taking gains to be dehydrated, concentration is evaporated under reduced pressure in 40-45 DEG C of water-bath with rotary evaporator, recycles n-hexane, gained is residual
Staying oily liquids is chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil.
3. purposes of the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil in the medicament of preparation prevention and treatment pear sucker, which is characterized in that the drug effect of the medicament
Ingredient is chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil.
4. purposes according to claim 3, the chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil the preparation method is as follows: by 500-1000g soil
Nepeta cataria plant drying, is crushed to 40-120 mesh, weighs smashed chenopodium ambrosiodies in 3000ml round-bottomed flask, add 1000-
2000ml water after impregnating 2-4h, distills 3-4h with continuous still method, and obtained oil water mixture is extracted with n-hexane, is extracted
After taking gains to be dehydrated, concentration is evaporated under reduced pressure in 40-45 DEG C of water-bath with rotary evaporator, recycles n-hexane, gained is residual
Staying oily liquids is chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil.
5. a kind of method for preventing and treating pear sucker, which is characterized in that after chenopodium ambrosiodies total volatile oil and dish washing liquid are mixed with 1:1, with
Water dilutes 2500 times as solvent, by mixed liquor, with atomizers spray on branch.
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| CN201410670652.6A CN105660714B (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | The medicament for preventing and treating pear sucker and its application in prevention and treatment pear sucker |
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| CN201410670652.6A CN105660714B (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | The medicament for preventing and treating pear sucker and its application in prevention and treatment pear sucker |
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| US20090030087A1 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2009-01-29 | Helene Chiasson | Extracts derived from chenopodium plants and uses thereof |
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| CN103503925A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-15 | 信阳农林学院 | Dysphania ambrosioides volatile oil fumigation granules and preparation method |
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2014
- 2014-11-20 CN CN201410670652.6A patent/CN105660714B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1469710A (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2004-01-21 | �Ƶ��ɹ�˾ | Plant acaricidal composition and method for using the same composition |
| US20090030087A1 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2009-01-29 | Helene Chiasson | Extracts derived from chenopodium plants and uses thereof |
| CN103190450A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-10 | 中国农业大学 | Application of cynanchum glaucescens extract in controlling psylla chinensis |
| CN103503925A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-15 | 信阳农林学院 | Dysphania ambrosioides volatile oil fumigation granules and preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| Efficacy of powder and essential oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves as post-harvest grain protectants against six-stored product beetles;L.A. Tapondjou;《Journal of Stored Products Research》;20021231;第395–402页 |
| Evaluation of insecticidal activity of the essential oil of Eucalyptus robusta Smith leaves and its constituent compound against overwintering Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang et Li) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae);Xin Chao Liu;《Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies》;20140831;第2卷(第4期);第27-31页 |
| Rep ellency of selected biorational insecticide s to potato psyllid,Bactericera cockerelli(He miptera: Psyllidae );X.-B. Yang;《Crop Protection》;20101231;第1320-1324页 |
| 土荆芥精油对菜青虫毒杀、拒食和生长抑制作用的研究;黄玉清 等;《福建农业学报》;20070930;第22卷(第3期);第266～270页 |
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