CN105638417B - The seedling screening method of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain - Google Patents
The seedling screening method of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The present invention relates to vegetables seedling-raising techniques, it is desirable to provide a kind of seedling screening method of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain.Include: to take more strain Chinese cabbage seeds, to improve Hoagland suspension culture after vernalization, and conductivity is adjusted according to growth of seedling situation；It selects seedling to be colonized with no calcium nutrient solution, plays oxygen ventilation, heat preservation, it is to be considered as morbidity that withered side, which occurs, in such as young leaves leaf margin in field planting, using the 30% plant morbidity of certain strain as the index for determining disease time；Judge that the resistance to low calcium of each strain is strong and weak to reach disease time sooner or later, reaches the as resistance to strongest Chinese cabbage strain of low calcium of disease time the latest.The invention avoids unhealthy and strong without seedling yellow caused by calcium Solution culture method for a long time, the problem of atypical symptom.Not instead of using series of falling ill as judge index, using fall ill number of days and diseased plant rate as judge index, the accuracy problem of multi items same period identification can solve.It can accelerate Tipburn Disease Symptoms, reach accurate Rapid identification purpose.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vegetables seedling-raising technique, in particular to the seedling screening method of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain.
Background technique
Tipburn is a kind of physiological disturbance of Chinese cabbage, is caused by calcium deficiency, seriously affects yield and quality.General lobus cardiacus
It is thinning or rotten with internal lobe leaf margin elder generation browning, gradually develop later to middle Bao Ye and wrapper.Balling initial stage starts to fall ill, and is tying
Ball initial stage critical point identification is best period.
Cultivation history of the Chinese cabbage in China is long, area is wide, cultivated area span is big, often because of the soil fertilizer of various regions
Harm of the influence of the factors such as power, irrigation by Tipburn Disease, influences the quality and yield of Chinese cabbage.In recent years, somely
Area's Tipburn Disease has evolved into the disease of equal importance with the virosis of Chinese cabbage, downy mildew, soft rot, clubroot etc..Greatly
Chinese cabbage Tipburn Disease is mainly the physiological disturbance as caused by calcium deficiency, and balling initial stage starts to fall ill, general lobus cardiacus and internal lobe leaf margin
First browning is thinning or rotten, and there are significant differences for resistance of the different cultivars to Tipburn Disease of Chinese Cabbage.Therefore, resistance to low by breeding
The important channel that calcium Chinese cabbage cultivar occurs as Tipburn Disease of Chinese Cabbage in solution cultivation, and the accurate and effective product of resistance to low calcium
The process for screening and identifying of kind (self-mating system) is its premise technical conditions.
Indoor seedling stage assay method is current Tipburn Disease seedling stage major diagnostic method, and this method is used in glasshouse
Nutritive cube cultivation, perlite is cultivation matrix.Using the Hongland nutrient solution prescription of not calcic the 2 leaf sizes cultivated
Seedling is transplanted in the nutritive cube of diameter 8cm, and nutritive cube is put into the seedlings nursing plate for the improvement Hongland nutrient solution for filling calcium deficiency；
Or on a platform, the soil of 15cm thickness is dug out, good with preventing water leakage with plastics cloth pad, nutritive cube is placed in the slot for completing plastic cloth
In, Depth Nutrient Solution is maintained at 5cm or so in slot.Cultivate 50 days or so investigation Tipburn Disease disease symptoms.Because seedling gives birth to for a long time
Grow under the conditions of no calcium, be also easy to produce seedling yellow, it is unhealthy and strong, make the disadvantages of Tipburn Disease atypical symptom, it is accurate to influence identification
Degree.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome deficiency in the prior art, provide a kind of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage product
The seedling screening method of system, to solve the problems, such as the easy yellow of seedling, atypical symptom in identification in seedling stage room.
In order to solve the technical problem, solution of the invention is:
A kind of seedling screening method of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain is provided, is included the following steps:
(1) object screened using the Chinese cabbage of multiple strains as the same period, each strain take the kind of 100 full seeds
Son；It is put into band after being cleaned with distilled water to moisten in the culture dish of filter paper, vernalization 48 hours in 25 DEG C of incubator；
(2) the 50 consistent seeds of grain germination gesture are selected in each strain respectively, are put into cylinder water planting sponge with tweezers；By water planting
Sponge is put into 50 hole hole trays, and plastic pallet is placed in hole tray bottom；The improvement that conductivity value is 0.2mS/cm is added in pallet
Hoagland nutrient solution, the liquid level of nutrient solution reach water planting sponge mid-height, and adjusting liquid PH value is 6.0, carry out
Seedling management；
(3) after seedling true leaf is grown, it is 0.5mS/cm that Hoagland nutrient solution will be improved in pallet and is adjusted to conductivity value,
Adjusting liquid PH value is 6.0, continues to cultivate；
(4) when culture to seedling is in 41 heart of leaf, Hoagland nutrient solution will be improved in pallet and be adjusted to conductivity value and be
1.0mS/cm, adjusting liquid PH value is 6.0, continues culture 5~7 days；
(5) seedling of each strain growing way neat and consistent is selected, is colonized into the hydroponic box for filling no calcium nutrient solution, water is adjusted
Train case in without calcium nutrient solution EC value be 2.0mS/cm, pH value 6.0；Each strain is colonized 30 plants, 12 × 12 lis of plant spacing
Rice；Hydroponic box is placed in temperature-controlling green house, is ventilated using oxygen is beaten；Keep 25~30 DEG C of daytime temperature, 22~25 DEG C of night temperature in greenhouse；
(6) young leaves tipburn incidence is observed after field planting culture 3 days, is considered as hair as withered side occurs in the leaf margin of young leaves
Disease, using the 30% plant morbidity of certain strain as the index for determining the strain disease time；Sentenced with reaching disease time sooner or later
The resistance to low calcium for each strain of breaking is strong and weak, reaches the as resistance to strongest Chinese cabbage strain of low calcium of disease time the latest.
In the present invention, the improvement Hoagland nutrient solution includes following component:
A great number of elements: Ca (NO3)2·4H2O 945mg/L、KNO3 506mg/L、MgSO4·7H2O 493mg/L、KH2PO4
136mg/L、NH4NO380mg/L；With
Microelement: KI 0.83mg/L, H3BO3 6.3mg/L、MnSO4·4H2O 22.3mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O
8.6mg/L、Na2MoO4·2H20 0.25mg/L、CuSO4·5H20 0.025mg/L、COCl2·6H2O 0.025mg/L；Molysite
12.5ml/L, by FeSO4·7H20 2.78g and Na2- EDTA 3.73g dissolution mixing constant volume is made to 1L.
In the present invention, the no calcium nutrient solution includes following component:
A great number of elements: NH4H2PO4 230mg/L、KNO3 1010mg/L、MgSO4·7H2O 493mg/L、KH2PO4
136mg/L、NH4NO3160mg/L；With
Microelement: KI 0.83mg/L, H3BO3 6.3mg/L、MnSO4·4H2O 22.3mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O
8.6mg/L、Na2MoO4·2H20 0.25mg/L、CuSO4·5H20 0.025mg/L、COCl2·6H2O 0.025mg/L；Molysite
12.5ml/L, by FeSO4·7H20 2.78g and Na2- EDTA 3.73g dissolution mixing constant volume is made to 1L；
In use, the pH value of adjusting nutrient solution is between 5.5~6.5, EC value is between 1.8-2.0.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) demand of the present invention according to Chinese Cabbage to nutrient improves Hoagland nutrient solution sublevel with various concentration
Section culture, makes normal plants；It carries out no calcium Solution culture method identification again later, avoids and led for a long time without calcium Solution culture method
The problem of seedling yellow of cause is not healthy and strong, atypical symptom.
(2) Chinese cabbage initially enters rapid growth stage from balling initial stage, increases nutrient demand, and in no calcium nutrient solution
Under CMC model, kind (self-mating system), without under calcium nutrient fluid cultivation, all can cause Tipburn Disease by calcium deficiency, only send out for a long time
It is had on the sick time sooner or later.The present invention is not instead of using series of falling ill as judge index, with number of days and the diseased plant rate work of falling ill
For judge index, the accuracy problem of multi items same period identification can solve.
(3) present invention keeps being suitable for that Chinese cabbage is fast in temperature-controlling green house according to Chinese cabbage balling initial stage plant strain growth characteristic
The long temperature condition of fast-growing, can accelerate Tipburn Disease Symptoms, reach accurate Rapid identification purpose.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, implementation of the invention is described in detail.
Testing line selection:
Select 4 Tipburn Disease field Symptoms Chinese cabbage homozygous line C8,651A that there were significant differences, 534, SD
(homozygous line is provided by Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science Vegetable Research Institute Chinese cabbage wild cabbage breeding group, and wherein 651A, 534 performances are high
Feel Tipburn Disease, C8, SD show Tipbum resistant disease) it is research object.
The vernalization of strain:
Each strain takes the seed of 100 full seeds, net with distilled water flushing respectively；Prepare the band of 49 cm diameters
Cover glass culture dish spreads 9 centimetres of qualitative filter papers in culture dish, and lid spreads one layer of filter paper, and culture dish spreads 2 layers of filter paper, will filter
Paper is wet with distilled water, and carries out line numbers in culture dish lid and bottom；4 clean strain seed reference numerals are used
Tweezers are put into culture dish, cover culture dish lid, are put into vernalization 48 hours in 25 DEG C of constant incubator；
Improve the preparation of Hoagland nutrient solution:
Improvement Hoagland nutrient solution specifically includes following component: a great number of elements: Ca (NO3)2·4H2O 945mg/L、
KNO3 506mg/L、MgSO4·7H2O 493mg/L、KH2PO4 136mg/L、NH4NO380mg/L；And microelement: KI
0.83mg/L、H3BO3 6.3mg/L、MnSO4·4H2O 22.3mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 8.6mg/L、Na2MoO4·2H20
0.25mg/L、CuSO4·5H20 0.025mg/L、COCl2·6H2O 0.025mg/L；Molysite 12.5ml/L, by FeSO4·7H20
2.78g and Na2- EDTA 3.73g dissolution mixing constant volume is made to 1L.
First prepare calcic a great number of elements (100 times of concentration), without calcium a great number of elements (100 times of concentration), microelement (concentration
100 times), molysite (concentration 200 times) stock solution, then take 10L graduated plastic's measuring cup, take calcic a great number of elements, a large amount of without calcium calcium
Each 100ml of stock solution is concentrated in element, microelement, and stock solution 125ml is concentrated in molysite, add distilled water to 10 liters of scales, then adjusts
Whole solution ph is 6.0 spare.
The nutrient solution nursery of strain:
1. preparing the plastic pallet of 4 50 hole hole trays and numbering by family name, tap water is added extremely in plastic pallet
Highly, the nutrient solution prepared in right amount and mixing is added in pallet in plastic pallet 1/2, measures solution E C with Portable conductivity meter
Value, until solution E C value reaches 0.20-0.21, adjusting liquid PH value is 6.0, and 50 hole seedling culture hole plates are put into plastics and are dragged
In disk.
2. prepare white cylinder water planting 200, sponge, sponge diameter 3.0-3.2cm, height 3.5cm, sponge top center
There is "-" type notch, incision length and depth are about 1.0-1.2cm.
It is germinating energy is consistent and the long seed for reaching 0.5cm of bud is chosen, bud 3. select the seed that 4 strain vernalization finish
It is lowered into water planting sponge notch, keeps seed top concordant with sponge cut sides.Seed-bearing water planting sponge correspondence will be put to put
Enter in hole tray, adjusts sponge height, nutrition liquid level is made to reach water planting sponge mid-height.Carry out conventional seedbed system management.
The culture of various concentration nutrient solution stage:
1. after seedling true leaf are grown, the nutrient solution prepared in right amount and mixing being added in pallet, uses Portable conductivity meter
Solution E C value is measured, until solution E C value reaches 0.50-0.51, nutrient solution pH value is 6.0 in adjusting tray, is carried out conventional
Seedling management observes one time of nutrition liquid height daily, guarantees sponge and nutrient solution face contact, every two days detection one time of nutrition liquid pH
Value and EC value are adjusted beyond pH value change threshold (5.8-6.2) and EC value change threshold (0.35-0.60).
2. culture to seedling is in 41 heart of leaf, the nutrient solution prepared in right amount and mixing are added in pallet, uses portable electric
Electrical conductivity instrument measures solution E C value, and until solution E C value reaches 1.0-1.1, nutrient solution pH value is 6.0 in adjusting tray, carries out
One time of nutrition liquid height is observed in conventional seedbed system management daily, guarantees sponge and nutrient solution face contact, every two days detection one time of nutrition
Liquid pH value and EC value are adjusted beyond pH value change threshold (5.8-6.2) and EC value change threshold (0.8-1.2).Conventional seedling
Period management continues culture 5~7 days；
Preparation without calcium nutrient solution:
No calcium nutrient solution specifically includes following component: a great number of elements: NH4H2PO4 230mg/L、KNO3 1010mg/L、
MgSO4·7H2O 493mg/L、KH2PO4 136mg/L、NH4NO3160mg/L；And microelement: KI 0.83mg/L, H3BO3
6.3mg/L、MnSO4·4H2O 22.3mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 8.6mg/L、Na2MoO4·2H20 0.25mg/L、CuSO4·
5H20 0.025mg/L、COCl2·6H2O 0.025mg/L；Molysite 12.5ml/L, by FeSO4·7H20 2.78g and Na2-EDTA
3.73g dissolution mixing constant volume is made to 1L；
When preparation, a great number of elements (100 times of concentration), microelement (100 times of concentration), molysite (200 times of concentration) are first prepared
Stock solution, it is spare.In use, the pH value of adjusting nutrient solution is between 5.5~6.5, EC value is between 1.8-2.0.
Field planting culture and morbidity observation
1. path length 3.6m, width 1.2m in placing in temperature-controlling green house, high 15cm centimetres of foam hydroponic box 1, interior paving are double
Color reflective membrane, white face upward, and tap water is added, and water surface elevation reaches 12cm, volume about 520L, and a great number of elements stock solution is added
5.2L, microelement stock solution 5.2L, molysite 6.5L measure solution E C value with Portable conductivity meter, adjust solution E C value and reach
Until 2.0, pH value 6.0.
2. punching cystosepiment to be taped against on nutrient solution and floats, aperture is identical as water planting sponge diameter, pitch of holes 12cm, totally 6
Row 20 arranges, and cystosepiment lower part is stained with the foam strip of thickness 1cm every a column, and punching cystosepiment is avoided to be bonded with the nutrition page.
3. selecting the seedling of 4 strain growing way neat and consistents, in field planting to cystosepiment, each strain is colonized 30 plants, field planting
It 12 × 12 centimetres of seeding row spacing, is ventilated using oxygen is beaten；Keep 25~30 DEG C of daytime temperature, 22~25 DEG C of night temperature in greenhouse.It detects within every two days
One time of nutrition liquid pH value and EC value are adjusted beyond pH value change threshold (5.8-6.2) and EC value change threshold (1.8-2.2)
Section, conventional seedling management.
4. field planting culture started to observe 4 strain young leaves tipburn incidences after 3 days, as withered side occurs in the leaf margin of young leaves
It is considered as morbidity, using the 30% plant morbidity of strain as the index for determining the strain disease time；To reach disease time morning
Evening judges that the resistance to low calcium of each strain is strong and weak, reaches the as resistance to strongest Chinese cabbage strain of low calcium of disease time the latest.
Test result
Sense tipburn strain 651A, which is cultivated 3 days, begins with disease symptom, there is within 5 days the morbidity of 30% plant；Feel tipburn strain
534 cultures have plant disease symptom in 4 days, there is within 5 days the morbidity of 30% plant；Tipbum resistant disease strain 534, which is cultivated 12 days, morbidity disease
Shape has the morbidity of 30% plant for 15 days, and Tipbum resistant disease strain C8, which is cultivated 16 days, disease symptom, there is within 18 days the morbidity of 30% plant,
Anti-, sense Tipburn Disease strain morbidity difference can be clearly distinguished by this method, achievees the purpose that precise Identification.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of seedling screening method of resistance to low calcium Chinese cabbage strain, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) object screened using the Chinese cabbage of multiple strains as the same period, each strain take the seed of 100 full seeds；With
Distilled water is put into band and moistens in the culture dish of filter paper after cleaning, vernalization 48 hours in 25 DEG C of incubator；
(2) the 50 consistent seeds of grain germination gesture are selected in each strain respectively, are put into cylinder water planting sponge with tweezers；By water planting sponge
It is put into 50 hole hole trays, plastic pallet is placed in hole tray bottom；The improvement that conductivity value is 0.2mS/cm is added in pallet
Hoagland nutrient solution, the liquid level of nutrient solution reach water planting sponge mid-height, and adjusting liquid PH value is 6.0, carry out
Seedling management；
(3) after seedling true leaf is grown, it is 0.5mS/cm that Hoagland nutrient solution will be improved in pallet and is adjusted to conductivity value, is adjusted
Liquid PH value is 6.0, continues to cultivate；
(4) when culture to seedling is in 41 heart of leaf, it is 1.0mS/ that Hoagland nutrient solution will be improved in pallet and is adjusted to conductivity value
Cm, adjusting liquid PH value is 6.0, continues culture 5~7 days；
(5) seedling of each strain growing way neat and consistent is selected, is colonized into the hydroponic box for filling no calcium nutrient solution, hydroponic box is adjusted
Middle no calcium nutrient solution EC value is 2.0mS/cm, pH value 6.0；Each strain is colonized 30 plants, 12 × 12 centimetres of plant spacing；Water
Training case is placed in temperature-controlling green house, is ventilated using oxygen is beaten；Keep 25~30 DEG C of daytime temperature, 22~25 DEG C of night temperature in greenhouse；
(6) start to observe young leaves tipburn incidence after field planting culture 3 days, be considered as hair as withered side occurs in the leaf margin of young leaves
Disease, using the 30% plant morbidity of certain strain as the index for determining the strain disease time；Sentenced with reaching disease time sooner or later
The resistance to low calcium for each strain of breaking is strong and weak, reaches the as resistance to strongest Chinese cabbage strain of low calcium of disease time the latest.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the improvement Hoagland nutrient solution includes following component:
A great number of elements: Ca (NO3)2·4H2O 945mg/L、KNO3 506mg/L、MgSO4·7H2O 493mg/L、KH2PO4
136mg/L、NH4NO380mg/L；With
Microelement: KI 0.83mg/L, H3BO3 6.3mg/L、MnSO4·4H2O 22.3mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 8.6mg/
L、Na2MoO4·2H20 0.25mg/L、CuSO4·5H20 0.025mg/L、COCl2·6H2O 0.025mg/L；Molysite
12.5ml/L, by FeSO4·7H20 2.78g and Na2- EDTA 3.73g dissolution mixing constant volume is made to 1L.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the no calcium nutrient solution includes following component:
A great number of elements: NH4H2PO4 230mg/L、KNO3 1010mg/L、MgSO4·7H2O 493mg/L、KH2PO4 136mg/L、
NH4NO3160mg/L；With
Microelement: KI 0.83mg/L, H3BO3 6.3mg/L、MnSO4·4H2O 22.3mg/L、ZnSO4·7H2O 8.6mg/
L、Na2MoO4·2H20 0.25mg/L、CuSO4·5H20 0.025mg/L、COCl2·6H2O 0.025mg/L；Molysite
12.5ml/L, by FeSO4·7H20 2.78g and Na2- EDTA 3.73g dissolution mixing constant volume is made to 1L；
In use, it is 2.0mS/cm that the pH value for adjusting nutrient solution, which is 6.0, EC value,.
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| CN117121816A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-11-28 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for identifying resistance of leaf stalk black spot of Chinese cabbage |
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