CN105625017B - 一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法 Download PDF

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CN105625017B
CN105625017B CN201610180647.6A CN201610180647A CN105625017B CN 105625017 B CN105625017 B CN 105625017B CN 201610180647 A CN201610180647 A CN 201610180647A CN 105625017 B CN105625017 B CN 105625017B
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卢明
刘祖兰
刘萍
刘一萍
李兰倩
樊涛
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法，该方法包括如下步骤：（1）将三价铁离子盐溶解于50mL水中，加入棉布，60ºC下搅拌30min，取出并烘干；（2）将上述处理的棉布置于植酸水溶液中，80ºC下搅拌45min；（3）冷却至0‑5ºC，加入苯胺；（4）缓慢滴加过硫酸铵水溶液，滴完后静置30min；（5）将上述处理后的棉织物取出，水洗、烘干。本制备技术是将三价铁离子作为植酸吸附剂，将植酸富集在棉纤维表面，以此为基础将苯胺原位聚合在棉纤维表面，使棉织物具有导电和阻燃性能；将三价铁离子对植酸的絮凝技术与聚苯胺原位化学合成技术相结合，增加了植酸的耐洗性，提高了棉织物导电、阻燃的稳定性和持久性。

Description

一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种功能棉织物制备方法，尤其是一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法。
背景技术
随着科技的进步，更多的电器产品进入到人们的生活中，给人们带来了电磁污染，称为继空气污染、水污染和噪声污染之后的第四大污染。人体被过量的电磁波辐照后，血液、淋巴液和细胞原生质会发生变化，造成细胞内的脱氧核糖核酸受损和遗传基因发生突变而畸形，进而诱发白血病和肿瘤，还会引起胎盘染色体改变，导致婴儿的畸形或孕妇的自然流产。
导电聚合物是具有可调控导电性能的有机聚合物，尤其是聚苯胺已经广泛应用于导电、电磁屏蔽、抗静电、金属防腐、光电子器件、气敏探头、超级电容等领域。利用原位化学氧化技术可以将聚苯胺包覆在纺织品表面，尤其是棉纤维表面，从而使不导电的棉织物具有导电性。聚苯胺通常通过掺杂来调控导电性，常用掺杂剂是质子酸类物质。目前已公开的聚苯胺包覆棉织物主要采用一些小分子有机酸进行掺杂，在洗涤过程中掺杂酸容易脱掺杂而失去导电性。
植酸是一种多聚磷酸，作为螯合剂、抗氧化剂、保鲜剂、软水剂、发酵促进剂、金属防腐蚀剂等，广泛应用于食品、医药、油漆、涂料、日用化工、金属防腐、纺织工业、塑料工业及高分子工业等行业领域。植酸分子带有6个带负电的磷酸根基团，可以用于聚苯胺的掺杂，且对棉纤维具有较好的阻燃效果；植酸分子具有共平面性，亲和力较大，可以通过三价铁离子形成更大分子量的络合物，使其具有较好的耐洗性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，针对以上现有技术存在的缺点，提出一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法，该制备方法简单易行，制备成本低廉，制备出的棉织物具有良好的导电性和阻燃性能，同时具有耐洗性等优点。
为了实现上述目的本发明采取如下技术方案。
本发明提供的一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法，本制备方法包括如下步骤：（1）将0.5-2g三价铁离子盐溶解于50mL水中，加入棉布，60ºC下搅拌30min，取出并烘干；（2）将上述处理的棉布置于100mL含有5-10g植酸水溶液中，80ºC下搅拌45min；（3）冷却至0-5ºC，加入0.5-5mL苯胺；（4）缓慢滴加含有2-7g过硫酸铵的20mL水溶液，滴完后静置30min；（5）将上述处理后的棉织物取出，水洗、烘干。
本发明的有益效果在于，本制备技术（1）在棉织物表面包覆聚苯胺，将植酸作为掺杂酸，使棉织物具有导电性；（2）由于在棉织物表面包覆了掺杂态的聚苯胺，在棉织物表面引入较多的氮元素和磷元素，二者之间的协同作用能够提高棉织物的阻燃性能；（3）植酸是一种环状多聚磷酸，具有共平面性，亲和力大，不易脱掺杂；（4）将三价铁离子作为植酸吸附剂，将植酸富集在棉纤维表面，并形成不溶于水的络合物，提高了植酸的耐洗性，进一步降低了植酸的脱掺杂可能性，提高了导电和阻燃的稳定性。
具体实施方式
下文将结合具体实施例详细描述本发明。应当注意的是，下述实施例中描述的技术特征或者技术特征的组合不应当被认为是孤立的，它们可以被相互组合从而达到更好的技术效果。
实施例1
（1）将0.5g氯化铁溶解于50mL水中，加入棉布，60ºC下搅拌30min，取出并烘干；
（2）将上述处理的棉布置于100mL含有5g植酸水溶液中，80ºC下搅拌45min；
（3）冷却至0ºC，加入0.5mL苯胺；
（4）缓慢滴加含有2g过硫酸铵的20mL水溶液，滴完后静置30min；
（5）将上述处理后的棉织物取出，水洗、烘干。
实施例2
（1）将2g硝酸铁溶解于50mL水中，加入棉布，60ºC下搅拌30min，取出并烘干；
（2）将上述处理的棉布置于100mL含有10g植酸水溶液中，80ºC下搅拌45min；
（3）冷却至5ºC，加入5mL苯胺；
（4）缓慢滴加含有7g过硫酸铵的20mL水溶液，滴完后静置30min；
（5）将上述处理后的棉织物取出，水洗、烘干。
实施例3
（1）将1g氯化铁溶解于50mL水中，加入棉布，60ºC下搅拌30min，取出并烘干；
（2）将上述处理的棉布置于100mL含有8g植酸水溶液中，80ºC下搅拌45min；
（3）冷却至0ºC，加入3mL苯胺；
（4）缓慢滴加含有5g过硫酸铵的20mL水溶液，滴完后静置30min；
（5）将上述处理后的棉织物取出，水洗、烘干。
实施例4
（1）将1.5g硝酸铁溶解于50mL水中，加入棉布，60ºC下搅拌30min，取出并烘干；
（2）将上述处理的棉布置于100mL含有5g植酸水溶液中，80ºC下搅拌45min；
（3）冷却至2ºC，加入4mL苯胺；
（4）缓慢滴加含有6g过硫酸铵的20mL水溶液，滴完后静置30min；
（5）将上述处理后的棉织物取出，水洗、烘干。
本文虽然已经给出了本发明的一些实施例，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，在不脱离本发明精神的情况下，可以对本文的实施例进行改变。上述实施例只是示例性的，不应以本文的实施例作为本发明权利范围的限定。

Claims (2)

1.一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）将0.5-2g三价铁离子盐溶解于50mL水中，加入棉布，60ºC下搅拌30min，取出并烘干；
（2）将上述处理的棉布置于100mL含有5-10g植酸水溶液中，80ºC下搅拌45min；
（3）冷却至0-5ºC，加入0.5-5mL苯胺；
（4）缓慢滴加含有2-7g过硫酸铵的20mL水溶液，滴完后静置30min；
（5）将上述处理后的棉织物取出，水洗、烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法，其特征在于，所述的三价铁离子盐为氯化铁、硝酸铁。
CN201610180647.6A 2016-03-28 2016-03-28 一种利用三价铁离子络合植酸制备功能棉织物的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN105625017B (zh)

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